See pugil on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for pugil meaning in All languages combined (7.0kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pugillus"
},
"expansion": "Latin pugillus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pugillum",
"3": "",
"4": "a fistful"
},
"expansion": "pugillum (“a fistful”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pugnus",
"3": "",
"4": "the fist"
},
"expansion": "pugnus (“the fist”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin pugillus, pugillum (“a fistful”), akin to pugnus (“the fist”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pugil (plural pugils)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1778, William Lewis, The new dispensatory",
"text": "Cinnamon, an ounce and a half; Rosemary flowers, six pugils […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1699, John Evelyn, Acetaria: A Discourse of Sallets",
"text": "Note, That by Parts is to be understood a Pugil; which is no more than one does usually take up between the Thumb and the two next Fingers.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1989, Patrick O'Brian, The Thirteen-Gun Salute",
"text": "This kind of success was all luck, and if a man had only a given amount for his own share, it was a shame to fritter away so much as a pugil.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"As much as is taken up between the thumb and two first fingers; a pinch."
],
"id": "en-pugil-en-noun-uoiUSvwe",
"links": [
[
"pinch",
"pinch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) As much as is taken up between the thumb and two first fingers; a pinch."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "pugil stick"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpjuːd͡ʒɪl/"
}
],
"word": "pugil"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugilicē"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "púgil"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: púgil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: púgil"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pugilism",
"3": "pugilist"
},
"expansion": "English: pugilism, pugilist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: pugilism, pugilist"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pugile"
},
"expansion": "Italian: pugile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: pugile"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "púgil"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: púgil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: púgil"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "púgil"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: púgil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: púgil"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pewǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pungō",
"3": "-ilis",
"t1": "I sting, pierce"
},
"expansion": "pungō (“I sting, pierce”) + -ilis",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "figulus"
},
"expansion": "figulus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vigil"
},
"expansion": "vigil",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pungō (“I sting, pierce”) + -ilis. Lacks the present tense n-infix like figulus. Final -is was dropped in the nominative singular as in vigil.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugilis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pugil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pugil<3>",
"abl_sg": "pugile/pugilī",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "pugil m (genitive pugilis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pugil<3>",
"abl_sg": "pugile/pugilī"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugilārēs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillārēs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugilātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugilātor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillātor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugilātōrius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillātōrius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugilātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugilis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillāria"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillāriārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillaris"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugilor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pugillor"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "64 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -ilis",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Athletes",
"orig": "la:Athletes",
"parents": [
"Occupations",
"Sports",
"People",
"Work",
"Human activity",
"Human",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "76 24",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "la:Sports",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a boxer, pugilist"
],
"id": "en-pugil-la-noun-w4S0g589",
"links": [
[
"boxer",
"boxer"
],
[
"pugilist",
"pugilist"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a hardened forehead"
],
"id": "en-pugil-la-noun-fVwCo3N5",
"links": [
[
"hardened",
"hardened"
],
[
"forehead",
"forehead"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) a hardened forehead"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpu.ɡil/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʊɡɪɫ̪]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpu.d͡ʒil/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuːd͡ʒil]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "pugil"
}
{
"categories": [
"la:Athletes",
"la:Sports"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pugillus"
},
"expansion": "Latin pugillus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pugillum",
"3": "",
"4": "a fistful"
},
"expansion": "pugillum (“a fistful”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pugnus",
"3": "",
"4": "the fist"
},
"expansion": "pugnus (“the fist”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin pugillus, pugillum (“a fistful”), akin to pugnus (“the fist”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pugil (plural pugils)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "pugil stick"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1778, William Lewis, The new dispensatory",
"text": "Cinnamon, an ounce and a half; Rosemary flowers, six pugils […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1699, John Evelyn, Acetaria: A Discourse of Sallets",
"text": "Note, That by Parts is to be understood a Pugil; which is no more than one does usually take up between the Thumb and the two next Fingers.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1989, Patrick O'Brian, The Thirteen-Gun Salute",
"text": "This kind of success was all luck, and if a man had only a given amount for his own share, it was a shame to fritter away so much as a pugil.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"As much as is taken up between the thumb and two first fingers; a pinch."
],
"links": [
[
"pinch",
"pinch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) As much as is taken up between the thumb and two first fingers; a pinch."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpjuːd͡ʒɪl/"
}
],
"word": "pugil"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pewǵ-",
"Latin terms suffixed with -ilis",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"la:Athletes",
"la:Sports"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pugilicē"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "púgil"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: púgil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: púgil"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pugilism",
"3": "pugilist"
},
"expansion": "English: pugilism, pugilist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: pugilism, pugilist"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pugile"
},
"expansion": "Italian: pugile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: pugile"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "púgil"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: púgil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: púgil"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "púgil"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: púgil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: púgil"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pewǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pungō",
"3": "-ilis",
"t1": "I sting, pierce"
},
"expansion": "pungō (“I sting, pierce”) + -ilis",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "figulus"
},
"expansion": "figulus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vigil"
},
"expansion": "vigil",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pungō (“I sting, pierce”) + -ilis. Lacks the present tense n-infix like figulus. Final -is was dropped in the nominative singular as in vigil.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pugilis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pugil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pugil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pugilēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pugil<3>",
"abl_sg": "pugile/pugilī",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "pugil m (genitive pugilis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pugil<3>",
"abl_sg": "pugile/pugilī"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "pugilārēs"
},
{
"word": "pugillārēs"
},
{
"word": "pugilātiō"
},
{
"word": "pugillātiō"
},
{
"word": "pugilātor"
},
{
"word": "pugillātor"
},
{
"word": "pugilātōrius"
},
{
"word": "pugillātōrius"
},
{
"word": "pugilātus"
},
{
"word": "pugillātus"
},
{
"word": "pugilis"
},
{
"word": "pugillar"
},
{
"word": "pugillāria"
},
{
"word": "pugillāriārius"
},
{
"word": "pugillaris"
},
{
"word": "pugillus"
},
{
"word": "pugilor"
},
{
"word": "pugillor"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a boxer, pugilist"
],
"links": [
[
"boxer",
"boxer"
],
[
"pugilist",
"pugilist"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a hardened forehead"
],
"links": [
[
"hardened",
"hardened"
],
[
"forehead",
"forehead"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) a hardened forehead"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpu.ɡil/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʊɡɪɫ̪]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpu.d͡ʒil/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuːd͡ʒil]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "pugil"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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