See penal in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "penal code"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "penal colony"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "penally"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "penal populism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
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}
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{
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"2": "fro",
"3": "peinal"
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"2": "ML.",
"3": "penalis"
},
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{
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
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"5": "punishment"
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"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷey-"
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"expansion": "",
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],
"etymology_text": "From Old French peinal, from Medieval Latin penalis, from Latin poenalis, from poena (“punishment”), from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “punishment”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
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"word": "penality"
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{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "ar",
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"roman": "jazāʔiyy",
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"word": "جَزَائِيّ"
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{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
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{
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},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
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"word": "штрафны́"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
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"word": "наказа́телен"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "刑罰的"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xíngfá de",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "刑罚的"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xíngshì de",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "刑事的"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "pønal"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "straffe-"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "prizona"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "puna"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "rangaistus-"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "pénal"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "strafrechtlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"alt": "けいばつの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "keibatsu no",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "刑罰の"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"alt": "けいじじょうの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "keijijō no",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "刑事上の"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hyeongbeorui",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "형벌의"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "karny"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "penal"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "karátelʹnyj",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "кара́тельный"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "štrafnój",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "штрафно́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "katoržnyj",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "каторжный"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kárnyj",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "ка́рний"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "štrafnýj",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "штрафни́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 20 12 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "karálʹnyj",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "кара́льний"
}
]
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{
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{
"_dis": "27 43 27 3",
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"_dis": "30 38 32 0",
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"_dis": "27 41 28 4",
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{
"text": "a penal offence",
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"Subject to punishment; punishable."
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{
"text": "a penal colony",
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],
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"Serving as a place of punishment."
],
"id": "en-penal-en-adj-zEJPKHjy",
"links": [
[
"place",
"place"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a penal rate of interest.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Exorbitant."
],
"id": "en-penal-en-adj-TNLIn589",
"links": [
[
"Exorbitant",
"exorbitant"
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],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpiːnəl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-penal.wav",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-iːnəl"
},
{
"homophone": "penile stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"hypercorrect"
],
"word": "pænal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"hypercorrect",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "pænall"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "penall"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "pœnal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "pœnall"
}
],
"word": "penal"
}
{
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷey-",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːnəl",
"Rhymes:English/iːnəl/2 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
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"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "penal code"
},
{
"word": "penal colony"
},
{
"word": "penal law"
},
{
"word": "penally"
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{
"word": "penal notice"
},
{
"word": "penal officer"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"text": "penal servitude",
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"tags": [
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],
"sounds": [
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},
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{
"rhymes": "-iːnəl"
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{
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],
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{
"tags": [
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],
"word": "pænal"
},
{
"tags": [
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],
"word": "pænall"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "penall"
},
{
"tags": [
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],
"word": "pœnal"
},
{
"tags": [
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],
"word": "pœnall"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jazāʔiyy",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "جَزَائِيّ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕiqābiyy",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "عِقَابِيّ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kárny",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "ка́рны"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "štrafný",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "штрафны́"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nakazátelen",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "наказа́телен"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "刑罰的"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xíngfá de",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "刑罚的"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xíngshì de",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "刑事的"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "pønal"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "straffe-"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "prizona"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "puna"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "rangaistus-"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "pénal"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "strafrechtlich"
},
{
"alt": "けいばつの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "keibatsu no",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "刑罰の"
},
{
"alt": "けいじじょうの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "keijijō no",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "刑事上の"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hyeongbeorui",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "형벌의"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "karny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "penal"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "karátelʹnyj",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "кара́тельный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "štrafnój",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "штрафно́й"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "katoržnyj",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "каторжный"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kárnyj",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "ка́рний"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "štrafnýj",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "штрафни́й"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "karálʹnyj",
"sense": "of or relating to punishment",
"word": "кара́льний"
}
],
"word": "penal"
}
Download raw JSONL data for penal meaning in English (7.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.