See kindred in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kindred meaning in English (15.6kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "kyndrede"
},
"expansion": "Middle English kyndrede",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "kynrede",
"t": "kindred"
},
"expansion": "kynrede (“kindred”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cynrēd"
},
"expansion": "Old English cynrēd",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cynrǣden",
"3": "",
"4": "kindred, family, stock"
},
"expansion": "cynrǣden (“kindred, family, stock”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cynn",
"3": "",
"4": "kind, kin, lineage"
},
"expansion": "cynn (“kind, kin, lineage”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-rǣden",
"3": "",
"4": "condition, state"
},
"expansion": "-rǣden (“condition, state”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kin",
"3": "red"
},
"expansion": "kin + -red",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spindle"
},
"expansion": "spindle",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English kyndrede, from older kynrede (“kindred”), from Old English cynrēd, cynrǣden (“kindred, family, stock”), from cynn (“kind, kin, lineage”) + -rǣden (“condition, state”). Equivalent to kin + -red, see these. The -d- is epenthetic between a nasal and a liquid (as e.g. in spindle).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kindreds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "kindred (countable and uncountable, plural kindreds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 1 14 21 7 26 1 11 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "en:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Distant and close relatives, collectively; kin."
],
"id": "en-kindred-en-noun-6a9uIBvO",
"links": [
[
"relative",
"relative"
],
[
"kin",
"kin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often plural only) Distant and close relatives, collectively; kin."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"often",
"plural",
"plural-only",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 1 14 21 7 26 1 11 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "en:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"People of the same ethnic descent, not including speaker; brethren."
],
"id": "en-kindred-en-noun-dxzQ7ZsJ",
"links": [
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"descent",
"descent"
],
[
"brethren",
"brethren"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often plural only) People of the same ethnic descent, not including speaker; brethren."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "5 71 1 6 4 6 7",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"word": "brethren"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 71 1 6 4 6 7",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"word": "kinship"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"often",
"plural",
"plural-only",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 71 1 6 4 6 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rod",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "род"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 71 1 6 4 6 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "klan",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "клан"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 71 1 6 4 6 7",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "saga"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 71 1 6 4 6 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"word": "親屬"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 71 1 6 4 6 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīnshǔ",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"word": "亲属"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 71 1 6 4 6 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"word": "眷屬"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 71 1 6 4 6 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "juànshǔ",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"word": "眷属"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 71 1 6 4 6 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"word": "soortgenoten"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 71 1 6 4 6 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tribu"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 71 1 6 4 6 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "Stammesbrüder"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 71 1 6 4 6 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "Stammesgeschwister"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 71 1 6 4 6 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "Artgenossen"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 71 1 6 4 6 7",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"word": "kynrede"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 71 1 6 4 6 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "etnia"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A grouping of relatives."
],
"id": "en-kindred-en-noun-XsBsavox",
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A grouping of relatives."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 4 8 16 9 33 4 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 7 8 16 8 28 7 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 12 9 11 8 32 4 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -red",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 1 14 21 7 26 1 11 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "en:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1777, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, The School for Scandal, V.i",
"text": "He that is in Distress tho' a stranger has a right to claim kindred with the wealthy",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Blood relationship."
],
"id": "en-kindred-en-noun-9oLyvwoG",
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Blood relationship."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Affinity, likeness."
],
"id": "en-kindred-en-noun-MQMmkpzF",
"links": [
[
"Affinity",
"affinity"
],
[
"likeness",
"likeness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Affinity, likeness."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 1 14 21 7 26 1 11 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "en:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1995, Alanis Morissette (lyrics and music), “All I Really Want”, in Jagged Little Pill",
"text": "And what I wouldn't give to find a soulmate?/Someone else to catch this drift/And what I wouldn't give to meet a kindred?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who is kindred, literally or figuratively; a kin, kinsman."
],
"id": "en-kindred-en-noun-fclZnrAk",
"links": [
[
"kin",
"kin"
],
[
"kinsman",
"kinsman"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) One who is kindred, literally or figuratively; a kin, kinsman."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Germanic paganism",
"orig": "en:Germanic paganism",
"parents": [
"Paganism",
"Occult",
"Religion",
"Forteana",
"Culture",
"Pseudoscience",
"Society",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009, Mark Ludwig Stinson, Heathen Gods: A Collection of Essays Concerning the Folkway of Our People, page 174",
"text": "We talked with Jonina about our kindred, Heathenry in the United States, Asatru in Iceland, and the details of our religious practice.[…]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 November 8, Patricia M. Lafayllve, A Practical Heathen's Guide to Asatru, Llewellyn Worldwide, page 117",
"text": "Your chosen kindred or other group is a Venn circle that contains you, but it may not be the same circle as your family.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019 May 20, Theodoric Dukka, A Heathen's Guide: Experiences & Advice On Magic & Spiritworking, page 101",
"text": "Not all, but many people believe that if you're not in a kindred, then you are not a real Norse Pagan or heathen.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A household or group following the modern pagan faith of Heathenry or Ásatrú."
],
"id": "en-kindred-en-noun-vbXAWDpp",
"links": [
[
"paganism",
"paganism"
],
[
"Heathenry",
"Heathenry"
],
[
"Ásatrú",
"Ásatrú"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, Germanic paganism) A household or group following the modern pagan faith of Heathenry or Ásatrú."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hearth"
},
{
"word": "garth"
},
{
"word": "stead"
}
],
"tags": [
"Germanic",
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"paganism",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɪndɹɪd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɪndɹəd/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-kindred.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kindred.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kindred.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kindred.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kindred.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-kindred.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-kindred.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-kindred.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-kindred.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-kindred.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "ˈkĭndrĭd"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "kinred"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"kindred (Heathenism)"
],
"word": "kindred"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kindred soul"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kindred spirit"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "kyndrede"
},
"expansion": "Middle English kyndrede",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "kynrede",
"t": "kindred"
},
"expansion": "kynrede (“kindred”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cynrēd"
},
"expansion": "Old English cynrēd",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cynrǣden",
"3": "",
"4": "kindred, family, stock"
},
"expansion": "cynrǣden (“kindred, family, stock”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cynn",
"3": "",
"4": "kind, kin, lineage"
},
"expansion": "cynn (“kind, kin, lineage”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-rǣden",
"3": "",
"4": "condition, state"
},
"expansion": "-rǣden (“condition, state”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kin",
"3": "red"
},
"expansion": "kin + -red",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spindle"
},
"expansion": "spindle",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English kyndrede, from older kynrede (“kindred”), from Old English cynrēd, cynrǣden (“kindred, family, stock”), from cynn (“kind, kin, lineage”) + -rǣden (“condition, state”). Equivalent to kin + -red, see these. The -d- is epenthetic between a nasal and a liquid (as e.g. in spindle).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "kindred (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 1 14 21 7 26 1 11 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "en:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1924, Aristotle, Metaphysics, translated by W. D. Ross, Nashotah, Wisconsin, USA: The Classical Library, 2001, book 1, part 1.\nWe have said in the Ethics what the difference is between art and science and the other kindred faculties;"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of the same nature, or of similar character."
],
"id": "en-kindred-en-adj--SAZa-Ai",
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sroden",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "сроден"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "shoden",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "сходен"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "gelijkaardig"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "gelijkwaardig"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "equivalent"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "samankaltainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "monatesave",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "მონათესავე"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "natesauri",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "ნათესაური"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "verwandt"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "gleichartig"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "ähnlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "sungenikós",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "συγγενικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "affine"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "pokrewny"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "semelhante"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ródstvennyj",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "ро́дственный"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "besläktad"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sporidnenyj",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "споріднений"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kindred tongues",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Connected, related, cognate, akin."
],
"id": "en-kindred-en-adj-zegImINK",
"links": [
[
"Connected",
"connected"
],
[
"related",
"related"
],
[
"cognate",
"cognate"
],
[
"akin",
"akin"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɪndɹɪd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɪndɹəd/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-kindred.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kindred.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kindred.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kindred.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kindred.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-kindred.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-kindred.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-kindred.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "ˈkĭndrĭd"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "kinred"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"kindred (Heathenism)"
],
"word": "kindred"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -red",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Collectives"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "kyndrede"
},
"expansion": "Middle English kyndrede",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "kynrede",
"t": "kindred"
},
"expansion": "kynrede (“kindred”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cynrēd"
},
"expansion": "Old English cynrēd",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cynrǣden",
"3": "",
"4": "kindred, family, stock"
},
"expansion": "cynrǣden (“kindred, family, stock”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cynn",
"3": "",
"4": "kind, kin, lineage"
},
"expansion": "cynn (“kind, kin, lineage”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-rǣden",
"3": "",
"4": "condition, state"
},
"expansion": "-rǣden (“condition, state”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kin",
"3": "red"
},
"expansion": "kin + -red",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spindle"
},
"expansion": "spindle",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English kyndrede, from older kynrede (“kindred”), from Old English cynrēd, cynrǣden (“kindred, family, stock”), from cynn (“kind, kin, lineage”) + -rǣden (“condition, state”). Equivalent to kin + -red, see these. The -d- is epenthetic between a nasal and a liquid (as e.g. in spindle).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kindreds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "kindred (countable and uncountable, plural kindreds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English pluralia tantum"
],
"glosses": [
"Distant and close relatives, collectively; kin."
],
"links": [
[
"relative",
"relative"
],
[
"kin",
"kin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often plural only) Distant and close relatives, collectively; kin."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"often",
"plural",
"plural-only",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English pluralia tantum"
],
"glosses": [
"People of the same ethnic descent, not including speaker; brethren."
],
"links": [
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"descent",
"descent"
],
[
"brethren",
"brethren"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often plural only) People of the same ethnic descent, not including speaker; brethren."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"often",
"plural",
"plural-only",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"A grouping of relatives."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A grouping of relatives."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1777, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, The School for Scandal, V.i",
"text": "He that is in Distress tho' a stranger has a right to claim kindred with the wealthy",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Blood relationship."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Blood relationship."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Affinity, likeness."
],
"links": [
[
"Affinity",
"affinity"
],
[
"likeness",
"likeness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Affinity, likeness."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1995, Alanis Morissette (lyrics and music), “All I Really Want”, in Jagged Little Pill",
"text": "And what I wouldn't give to find a soulmate?/Someone else to catch this drift/And what I wouldn't give to meet a kindred?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who is kindred, literally or figuratively; a kin, kinsman."
],
"links": [
[
"kin",
"kin"
],
[
"kinsman",
"kinsman"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) One who is kindred, literally or figuratively; a kin, kinsman."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Germanic paganism"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009, Mark Ludwig Stinson, Heathen Gods: A Collection of Essays Concerning the Folkway of Our People, page 174",
"text": "We talked with Jonina about our kindred, Heathenry in the United States, Asatru in Iceland, and the details of our religious practice.[…]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 November 8, Patricia M. Lafayllve, A Practical Heathen's Guide to Asatru, Llewellyn Worldwide, page 117",
"text": "Your chosen kindred or other group is a Venn circle that contains you, but it may not be the same circle as your family.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019 May 20, Theodoric Dukka, A Heathen's Guide: Experiences & Advice On Magic & Spiritworking, page 101",
"text": "Not all, but many people believe that if you're not in a kindred, then you are not a real Norse Pagan or heathen.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A household or group following the modern pagan faith of Heathenry or Ásatrú."
],
"links": [
[
"paganism",
"paganism"
],
[
"Heathenry",
"Heathenry"
],
[
"Ásatrú",
"Ásatrú"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, Germanic paganism) A household or group following the modern pagan faith of Heathenry or Ásatrú."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hearth"
},
{
"word": "garth"
},
{
"word": "stead"
}
],
"tags": [
"Germanic",
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"paganism",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɪndɹɪd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɪndɹəd/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-kindred.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kindred.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kindred.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kindred.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kindred.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-kindred.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-kindred.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-kindred.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-kindred.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-kindred.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "ˈkĭndrĭd"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"word": "brethren"
},
{
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"word": "kinship"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "kinred"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rod",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "род"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "klan",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "клан"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "saga"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"word": "親屬"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīnshǔ",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"word": "亲属"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"word": "眷屬"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "juànshǔ",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"word": "眷属"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"word": "soortgenoten"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tribu"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "Stammesbrüder"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "Stammesgeschwister"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "Artgenossen"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"word": "kynrede"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "people of same ethnic descent",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "etnia"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"kindred (Heathenism)"
],
"word": "kindred"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -red",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Collectives"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kindred soul"
},
{
"word": "kindred spirit"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "kyndrede"
},
"expansion": "Middle English kyndrede",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "kynrede",
"t": "kindred"
},
"expansion": "kynrede (“kindred”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cynrēd"
},
"expansion": "Old English cynrēd",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cynrǣden",
"3": "",
"4": "kindred, family, stock"
},
"expansion": "cynrǣden (“kindred, family, stock”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cynn",
"3": "",
"4": "kind, kin, lineage"
},
"expansion": "cynn (“kind, kin, lineage”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-rǣden",
"3": "",
"4": "condition, state"
},
"expansion": "-rǣden (“condition, state”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kin",
"3": "red"
},
"expansion": "kin + -red",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spindle"
},
"expansion": "spindle",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English kyndrede, from older kynrede (“kindred”), from Old English cynrēd, cynrǣden (“kindred, family, stock”), from cynn (“kind, kin, lineage”) + -rǣden (“condition, state”). Equivalent to kin + -red, see these. The -d- is epenthetic between a nasal and a liquid (as e.g. in spindle).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "kindred (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1924, Aristotle, Metaphysics, translated by W. D. Ross, Nashotah, Wisconsin, USA: The Classical Library, 2001, book 1, part 1.\nWe have said in the Ethics what the difference is between art and science and the other kindred faculties;"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of the same nature, or of similar character."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kindred tongues",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Connected, related, cognate, akin."
],
"links": [
[
"Connected",
"connected"
],
[
"related",
"related"
],
[
"cognate",
"cognate"
],
[
"akin",
"akin"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɪndɹɪd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɪndɹəd/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-kindred.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kindred.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kindred.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kindred.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kindred.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-kindred.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-kindred.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-kindred.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-kindred.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-kindred.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "ˈkĭndrĭd"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "kinred"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sroden",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "сроден"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "shoden",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "сходен"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "gelijkaardig"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "gelijkwaardig"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "equivalent"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "samankaltainen"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "monatesave",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "მონათესავე"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "natesauri",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "ნათესაური"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "verwandt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "gleichartig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "ähnlich"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "sungenikós",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "συγγενικός"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "affine"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "pokrewny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "semelhante"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ródstvennyj",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "ро́дственный"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"word": "besläktad"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sporidnenyj",
"sense": "of the same nature",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "споріднений"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"kindred (Heathenism)"
],
"word": "kindred"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.