See immune in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for immune meaning in English (18.8kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "susceptible"
},
{
"word": "vulnerable"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "acquired immune deficiency syndrome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "alloimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "auto-immune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "autoimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cell-mediated immune response"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chemoimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cryoimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dysimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "gastrimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "gay-related immune deficiency"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hematoimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "heteroimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "homoimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hyperimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hypoimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "immune complex"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "immune deficiency"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "immune evasion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "immunevasion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "immune privilege"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "immune reaction"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "immune response"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "immune system"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lymphoimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "neuroimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nonimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "osteoimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pauci-immune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "postimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "radioimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "seroimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "unimmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "xenoimmune"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mey- (change)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "immun"
},
"expansion": "Middle French immun",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "immūnis",
"4": "",
"5": "exempt from public service"
},
"expansion": "Latin immūnis (“exempt from public service”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in-",
"3": "",
"4": "not"
},
"expansion": "in- (“not”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mūnus",
"3": "",
"4": "service"
},
"expansion": "mūnus (“service”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English, from Middle French immun, from Latin immūnis (“exempt from public service”), from in- (“not”) + mūnus (“service”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more immune",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most immune",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "immune (comparative more immune, superlative most immune)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 5 17 2 31 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "As a diplomat, you are immune from prosecution.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1922, Michael Arlen, “2/9/1”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days",
"text": "He had always been remarkably immune from such little ailments, and had only once in his life been ill, of a vicious pneumonia long ago at school. He hadn't the faintest idea what to with a cold in the head, he just took quinine and continued to blow his nose.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019 September 3, David Karpf, “Bret Stephens Compared Me to a Nazi Propagandist in the New York Times. It Proved My Point.”, in Esquire",
"text": "Bret Stephens believed that, by virtue of his comfortable position at the New York Times, he ought to be immune from insult or criticism.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Exempt; not subject to."
],
"id": "en-immune-en-adj-6LwX5Fwe",
"links": [
[
"Exempt",
"exempt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually with \"from\") Exempt; not subject to."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with \"from\""
],
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "67 14 11 8",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"note": "from prosecution",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "toxunulmaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 14 11 8",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "osvoboden ot",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "освободен от"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 14 11 8",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "immune"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 14 11 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "koskematon"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 14 11 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "immuuni"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 14 11 8",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "imun"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 14 11 8",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "imune"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 14 11 8",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "isento"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 14 11 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "inmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 14 11 8",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "immun"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 14 11 8",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "skyddad"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 14 11 8",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "exemt"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I am immune to chicken pox.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Protected by inoculation, or due to innate resistance to pathogens."
],
"id": "en-immune-en-adj-4KfZzvxl",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"Protected",
"protected"
],
[
"inoculation",
"inoculation"
],
[
"pathogen",
"pathogen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine, usually with \"to\") Protected by inoculation, or due to innate resistance to pathogens."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with \"to\""
],
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "manīʕ",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَنِيع"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pritežavašt imunitet",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "притежаващ имунитет"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immune"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "imunní"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "imuna"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immuuni"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "vastustuskykyinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immun"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "inmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immun"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immunis"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "imdhíonach"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immune"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "immundy",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "иммунды"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "imun"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immun"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immun"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "imune"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "inmune"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immun"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 87 5 5",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "liway"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Alas, he was immune to my charms.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1959 June, “The opening of the Colchester-Walton-Clacton electrification”, in Trains Illustrated, page 306",
"text": "[...] most of the original electrical signalling equipment has had to be replaced by apparatus immune to 50-cycle currents.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Not vulnerable."
],
"id": "en-immune-en-adj-yJ91hKsS",
"links": [
[
"vulnerable",
"vulnerable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) Not vulnerable."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "12 3 83 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nepodatliv",
"sense": "not vulnerable",
"word": "неподатлив"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 3 83 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "not vulnerable",
"word": "immun"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 3 83 1",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "not vulnerable",
"word": "immun"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 3 83 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "not vulnerable",
"word": "immun"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 16 21 45 11 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 11 14 50 12 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "We examined the patient's immune response.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2013 May-June, Katrina G. Claw, “Rapid Evolution in Eggs and Sperm”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3",
"text": "Many genes with reproductive roles also have antibacterial and immune functions, which indicate that the threat of microbial attack on the sperm or egg may be a major influence on rapid evolution during reproduction.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to the immune system."
],
"id": "en-immune-en-adj-VWwdZpi9",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"immune system",
"immune system"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) Of or pertaining to the immune system."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 4 3 91",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "imunen",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "имунен"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 3 91",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "immunitari"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 3 91",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "imunitní"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 3 91",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "immunologinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 3 91",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "immuuni-"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 3 91",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "immunologique"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 3 91",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "immunitaire"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 3 91",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "imdhíonachta"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 3 91",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "immunològico"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 3 91",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "imeni",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "ایمنی"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 3 91",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "imunológico"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 3 91",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "inmunológico"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 3 91",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "inmunitario"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 3 91",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "immun-"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 3 91",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "may-kabal"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈmjuːn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːn"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-immune.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "immune"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mey- (change)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "immun"
},
"expansion": "Middle French immun",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "immūnis",
"4": "",
"5": "exempt from public service"
},
"expansion": "Latin immūnis (“exempt from public service”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in-",
"3": "",
"4": "not"
},
"expansion": "in- (“not”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mūnus",
"3": "",
"4": "service"
},
"expansion": "mūnus (“service”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English, from Middle French immun, from Latin immūnis (“exempt from public service”), from in- (“not”) + mūnus (“service”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "immunes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "immune (plural immunes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Epidemiology",
"orig": "en:Epidemiology",
"parents": [
"Medicine",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "infective"
},
{
"word": "susceptible"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1965, Rene J. Dubos, James G. Hirsch, editors, Bacterial and Mycotic Infections of Man, page 742",
"text": "Susceptibles effectively exposed to cases become cases in the next time period; cases recovering from the infection accumulate as immunes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who is not susceptible to infection by a particular disease"
],
"id": "en-immune-en-noun-5fMP5OmJ",
"links": [
[
"epidemiology",
"epidemiology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(epidemiology) A person who is not susceptible to infection by a particular disease"
],
"topics": [
"epidemiology",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈmjuːn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːn"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-immune.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "immune"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mey- (change)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "immun"
},
"expansion": "Middle French immun",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "immūnis",
"4": "",
"5": "exempt from public service"
},
"expansion": "Latin immūnis (“exempt from public service”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in-",
"3": "",
"4": "not"
},
"expansion": "in- (“not”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mūnus",
"3": "",
"4": "service"
},
"expansion": "mūnus (“service”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English, from Middle French immun, from Latin immūnis (“exempt from public service”), from in- (“not”) + mūnus (“service”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "immunes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "immuning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "immuned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "immuned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "immune (third-person singular simple present immunes, present participle immuning, simple past and past participle immuned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1917, Thomas Hardy, In the Seventies",
"text": "In the seventies those who met me did not know / Of the vision / That immuned me from the chillings of mis-prision […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1905, American Veterinary Medical Association, Journal, volume 29, page 42",
"text": "The utilization of such milk will, however, necessitate an adaptable milk preservation method, through which the immuning agents will not be destroyed or diminished.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make immune."
],
"id": "en-immune-en-verb-LhfFKDMf",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, transitive) To make immune."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈmjuːn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːn"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-immune.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "immune"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "susceptible"
},
{
"word": "vulnerable"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mey- (change)",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/uːn",
"Rhymes:English/uːn/2 syllables",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "acquired immune deficiency syndrome"
},
{
"word": "alloimmune"
},
{
"word": "auto-immune"
},
{
"word": "autoimmune"
},
{
"word": "cell-mediated immune response"
},
{
"word": "chemoimmune"
},
{
"word": "cryoimmune"
},
{
"word": "dysimmune"
},
{
"word": "gastrimmune"
},
{
"word": "gay-related immune deficiency"
},
{
"word": "hematoimmune"
},
{
"word": "heteroimmune"
},
{
"word": "homoimmune"
},
{
"word": "hyperimmune"
},
{
"word": "hypoimmune"
},
{
"word": "immune complex"
},
{
"word": "immune deficiency"
},
{
"word": "immune evasion"
},
{
"word": "immunevasion"
},
{
"word": "immune privilege"
},
{
"word": "immune reaction"
},
{
"word": "immune response"
},
{
"word": "immune system"
},
{
"word": "lymphoimmune"
},
{
"word": "neuroimmune"
},
{
"word": "nonimmune"
},
{
"word": "osteoimmune"
},
{
"word": "pauci-immune"
},
{
"word": "postimmune"
},
{
"word": "radioimmune"
},
{
"word": "seroimmune"
},
{
"word": "unimmune"
},
{
"word": "xenoimmune"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mey- (change)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "immun"
},
"expansion": "Middle French immun",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "immūnis",
"4": "",
"5": "exempt from public service"
},
"expansion": "Latin immūnis (“exempt from public service”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in-",
"3": "",
"4": "not"
},
"expansion": "in- (“not”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mūnus",
"3": "",
"4": "service"
},
"expansion": "mūnus (“service”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English, from Middle French immun, from Latin immūnis (“exempt from public service”), from in- (“not”) + mūnus (“service”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more immune",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most immune",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "immune (comparative more immune, superlative most immune)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "As a diplomat, you are immune from prosecution.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1922, Michael Arlen, “2/9/1”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days",
"text": "He had always been remarkably immune from such little ailments, and had only once in his life been ill, of a vicious pneumonia long ago at school. He hadn't the faintest idea what to with a cold in the head, he just took quinine and continued to blow his nose.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019 September 3, David Karpf, “Bret Stephens Compared Me to a Nazi Propagandist in the New York Times. It Proved My Point.”, in Esquire",
"text": "Bret Stephens believed that, by virtue of his comfortable position at the New York Times, he ought to be immune from insult or criticism.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Exempt; not subject to."
],
"links": [
[
"Exempt",
"exempt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually with \"from\") Exempt; not subject to."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with \"from\""
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Medicine"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I am immune to chicken pox.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Protected by inoculation, or due to innate resistance to pathogens."
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"Protected",
"protected"
],
[
"inoculation",
"inoculation"
],
[
"pathogen",
"pathogen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine, usually with \"to\") Protected by inoculation, or due to innate resistance to pathogens."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with \"to\""
],
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Alas, he was immune to my charms.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1959 June, “The opening of the Colchester-Walton-Clacton electrification”, in Trains Illustrated, page 306",
"text": "[...] most of the original electrical signalling equipment has had to be replaced by apparatus immune to 50-cycle currents.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Not vulnerable."
],
"links": [
[
"vulnerable",
"vulnerable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) Not vulnerable."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Medicine"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "We examined the patient's immune response.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2013 May-June, Katrina G. Claw, “Rapid Evolution in Eggs and Sperm”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3",
"text": "Many genes with reproductive roles also have antibacterial and immune functions, which indicate that the threat of microbial attack on the sperm or egg may be a major influence on rapid evolution during reproduction.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to the immune system."
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"immune system",
"immune system"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) Of or pertaining to the immune system."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈmjuːn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːn"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-immune.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"note": "from prosecution",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "toxunulmaz"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "osvoboden ot",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "освободен от"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "immune"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "koskematon"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "immuuni"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "imun"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "imune"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "isento"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "inmune"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "immun"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "skyddad"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "exempt from inclusion",
"word": "exemt"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "manīʕ",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَنِيع"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pritežavašt imunitet",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "притежаващ имунитет"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immune"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "imunní"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "imuna"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immuuni"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "vastustuskykyinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immun"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "inmune"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immun"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immunis"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "imdhíonach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immune"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "immundy",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "иммунды"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "imun"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immun"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immun"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "imune"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "inmune"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "immun"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "protected due to innate resistance to pathogens",
"word": "liway"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nepodatliv",
"sense": "not vulnerable",
"word": "неподатлив"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "not vulnerable",
"word": "immun"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "not vulnerable",
"word": "immun"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "not vulnerable",
"word": "immun"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "imunen",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "имунен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "immunitari"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "imunitní"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "immunologinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "immuuni-"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "immunologique"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "immunitaire"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "imdhíonachta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "immunològico"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "imeni",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "ایمنی"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "imunológico"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "inmunológico"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "inmunitario"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "immun-"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "of or pertaining to the immune system",
"word": "may-kabal"
}
],
"word": "immune"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mey- (change)",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/uːn",
"Rhymes:English/uːn/2 syllables",
"en:People"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "infective"
},
{
"word": "susceptible"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mey- (change)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "immun"
},
"expansion": "Middle French immun",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "immūnis",
"4": "",
"5": "exempt from public service"
},
"expansion": "Latin immūnis (“exempt from public service”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in-",
"3": "",
"4": "not"
},
"expansion": "in- (“not”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mūnus",
"3": "",
"4": "service"
},
"expansion": "mūnus (“service”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English, from Middle French immun, from Latin immūnis (“exempt from public service”), from in- (“not”) + mūnus (“service”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "immunes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "immune (plural immunes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Epidemiology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1965, Rene J. Dubos, James G. Hirsch, editors, Bacterial and Mycotic Infections of Man, page 742",
"text": "Susceptibles effectively exposed to cases become cases in the next time period; cases recovering from the infection accumulate as immunes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who is not susceptible to infection by a particular disease"
],
"links": [
[
"epidemiology",
"epidemiology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(epidemiology) A person who is not susceptible to infection by a particular disease"
],
"topics": [
"epidemiology",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈmjuːn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːn"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-immune.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "immune"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mey- (change)",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/uːn",
"Rhymes:English/uːn/2 syllables",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mey- (change)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "immun"
},
"expansion": "Middle French immun",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "immūnis",
"4": "",
"5": "exempt from public service"
},
"expansion": "Latin immūnis (“exempt from public service”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in-",
"3": "",
"4": "not"
},
"expansion": "in- (“not”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mūnus",
"3": "",
"4": "service"
},
"expansion": "mūnus (“service”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English, from Middle French immun, from Latin immūnis (“exempt from public service”), from in- (“not”) + mūnus (“service”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "immunes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "immuning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "immuned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "immuned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "immune (third-person singular simple present immunes, present participle immuning, simple past and past participle immuned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1917, Thomas Hardy, In the Seventies",
"text": "In the seventies those who met me did not know / Of the vision / That immuned me from the chillings of mis-prision […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1905, American Veterinary Medical Association, Journal, volume 29, page 42",
"text": "The utilization of such milk will, however, necessitate an adaptable milk preservation method, through which the immuning agents will not be destroyed or diminished.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make immune."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, transitive) To make immune."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈmjuːn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːn"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-immune.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-immune.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "immune"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.