See grue in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"text": "[\"]I would have done Mr. Mordaunt's bidding too,\" he added, relaxing from his note of defiance, into the deferential whining tone with which he cajoled his customers, \"if he hadna made use of profane oaths which made my very flesh grue, and caused me, in some sort, to forget myself.\"",
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"text": "1990, John DeChancie, Castle War!\nIncarnadine had to be quick with the sword. Huge wings flapped in time with explosions of grue, and the stink of burnt flesh and feathers filled the air."
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"ref": "1996, Linda Badley, Writing Horror and the Body http://print.google.com/print?hl=en&id=iaHQorgoqd4C&pg=PA39&lpg=PA39&sig=0unz5oiZA5IURViNe75MsU7vHG4",
"text": "Carrie is Cinderella in the body language of menstrual blood and raging hormones. King’s adolescent joy in grimaces and groans, the Mad magazine humor, and the staple of “grue” hardly need mentioning."
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"text": "2002, Carole Nelson Douglas, Chapel Noir http://print.google.com/print?hl=en&id=ZZu4sl0P1EAC&pg=PA336&lpg=PA336&sig=dPR0ntE54xw-h3m6fByM0fgJiuc\n“… She is quite agreeable to gruesome ghost stories, but appalled by the lust for life.” / “I admit that I am surprised by how well she handles sheer grue, better than I.”"
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"text": "2004, Talbot Mundy, Guns of the Gods http://print.google.com/print?hl=en&id=PUCcyz2L1iwC&pg=PA244&lpg=PA244&sig=REDDP_txW9FrUWEogxny6lZ4wUo\n“This is the grue,” said Dick, holding his lantern high. / Its light fell on a circle of skeletons, all perfect, each with its head toward a brass bowl in the center."
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"ref": "2009, Jas, “Hazadous ^([sic]) Australian animals the GRUE.... your guide”, in rec.travel.australia+nz (Usenet):",
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"ref": "2004, M.D. Dollahite, “How would you imagine a grue?”, in rec.games.int-fiction (Usenet):",
"text": "Incidentally, the best official text description I know of is in Sorcerer, when you actually become a grue and visit a grue colony. IIRC, even that description is vague, but does cannonize^([sic]) that they are large four-legged reptiles.",
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"_dis": "4 45 5 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 45 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 43 7 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 45 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 46 4 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kaingang translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 45 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 46 4 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ladakhi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 46 4 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lakota translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 44 6 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 48 1 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mopan Maya translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 45 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Māori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 49 1 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Ndebele translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 49 1 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old Tupi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 46 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Paraguayan Guarani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 46 3 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 46 3 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 42 7 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 45 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tahitian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 46 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 46 4 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tswana translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 46 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 47 2 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 46 3 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with White Hmong translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 45 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Xhosa translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 46 4 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ye'kwana translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "5 45 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Zulu translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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],
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"Of a single color inclusive of both green and blue as different shades, used in translations from languages such as Old Welsh and Old Chinese that did not always distinguish between green and blue."
],
"id": "en-grue-en-adj-en:color",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"single",
"single"
],
[
"color",
"color"
],
[
"inclusive",
"inclusive"
],
[
"both",
"both"
],
[
"green",
"green"
],
[
"blue",
"blue"
],
[
"different",
"different"
],
[
"shade",
"shade"
],
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"translation",
"translation"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"Old Welsh",
"Old Welsh"
],
[
"Old Chinese",
"Old Chinese"
],
[
"green",
"green"
],
[
"blue",
"blue"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) Of a single color inclusive of both green and blue as different shades, used in translations from languages such as Old Welsh and Old Chinese that did not always distinguish between green and blue."
],
"senseid": [
"en:color"
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "cdh",
"lang": "Chambeali",
"lang_code": "cdh",
"roman": "nīlā",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "𑚝𑚯𑚥𑚭"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "cih",
"lang": "Chinali",
"lang_code": "cih",
"roman": "nīlā",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "𑚝𑚯𑚥𑚭"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "青"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "bloen"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"lang_code": "egy",
"roman": "wꜣḏ",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "wAD-D:Y1"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "blert"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "blün"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "prasinogálazos",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πρασινογάλαζος"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "galazoprásinos",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "γαλαζοπράσινος"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "mww",
"lang": "White Hmong",
"lang_code": "mww",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "xiav"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "aoi",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "青い"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "kgp",
"lang": "Kaingang",
"lang_code": "kgp",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "tánh"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "pureuda",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "푸르다"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "lbj",
"lang": "Ladakhi",
"lang_code": "lbj",
"roman": "sngon po",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "སྔོན་པོ"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "lkt",
"lang": "Lakota",
"lang_code": "lkt",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "tȟó"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "namu"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "mop",
"lang": "Mopan Maya",
"lang_code": "mop",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "yaʼax"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "nd",
"lang": "Northern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nd",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "-luhlaza"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "tpw",
"lang": "Old Tupi",
"lang_code": "tpw",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "obý"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "verzul"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "verul"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "zínij",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зи́ний"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "verdiazul"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "azul verde"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "ty",
"lang": "Tahitian",
"lang_code": "ty",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "ninamu"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"roman": "kǐao",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "เขียว"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "xct",
"lang": "Classical Tibetan",
"lang_code": "xct",
"roman": "sngon po",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "སྔོན་པོ"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "tn",
"lang": "Tswana",
"lang_code": "tn",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "tala"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "xanh"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "glas"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "xh",
"lang": "Xhosa",
"lang_code": "xh",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "-luhlaza"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "mch",
"lang": "Ye'kwana",
"lang_code": "mch",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "seene"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "-luhlaza"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 77",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"sense": "translations to be checked",
"word": "綠藍 /绿蓝"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gro͞o"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹuː/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grue.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b5/En-us-grue.ogg/En-us-grue.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/En-us-grue.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "grew"
}
],
"word": "grue"
}
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"args": {
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"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
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{
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Nelson Goodman",
"in": "1955",
"nat": "American",
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{
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"occ": "linguist"
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],
"etymology_text": "Blend of green + blue. The philosophy sense was coined by American philosopher Nelson Goodman in 1955 to illustrate concepts in the philosophy of science. The linguistic sense was coined by American linguist Paul Kay in 1975 as a translation from languages such as Welsh that have a basic cover term that covers both the hues called \"green\" and \"blue\" in English.",
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{
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"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "aquamarine"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bleen"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "blue-green"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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{
"_dis": "15 19 7 8 8 13 19 5 6",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "18 30 19 33",
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12,
16
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67,
71
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"ref": "1994, Rita Nolan, “Discursive Practices”, in Cognitive Practices: Human Language and Human Knowledge, Oxford, Oxfordshire; Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell Publishers, →ISBN, note 1, page 155:",
"text": "[T]he color grue would change in color. Colors do not do this; so ‘grue’ cannot be a color term.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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70,
74
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"ref": "2001, Bruce Kuklick, “Conclusion”, in A History of Philosophy in America, 1720–2000, Oxford, Oxfordshire; New York, N.Y.: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 283:",
"text": "Philosophers made their points with thought experiments—[…] the color grue; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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109,
113
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"ref": "2001, Robert C. Pinto, “Inductive inferences and Goodman’s paradox”, in Argument, Inference and Dialectic: Collected Papers on Informal Logic (Argumentation Library; 4), Dordrecht; Norwell, Mass.: Kluwer Academic Publishers, →ISBN, chapter 9 (Logical form and the link between premisses and conclusion), footnote 38, page 92:",
"text": "We believe that among emeralds – perhaps among precious stones generally – whether something has the “color” grue is affected by discovery date, but whether it has the color green is not affected by discovery date.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The property of being green when first observed before a specified time or blue when first observed after that time."
],
"id": "en-grue-en-noun-WRXuuwSr",
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[
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[
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[
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[
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[
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"(philosophy) The property of being green when first observed before a specified time or blue when first observed after that time."
],
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},
{
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{
"_dis": "2 25 9 13 5 2 25 13 7",
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{
"_dis": "2 23 8 14 4 1 24 13 6 1 1 1 1 2",
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{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "4 45 4 46",
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{
"_dis": "4 45 4 46",
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"name": "Terms with Chinali translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 49 1 49",
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"name": "Terms with Classical Tibetan translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 44 5 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 46 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Egyptian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 45 5 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 45 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 43 7 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 45 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 46 4 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kaingang translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 45 4 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 46 4 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ladakhi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 46 4 47",
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"name": "Terms with Lakota translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 44 6 45",
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"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 48 1 49",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 45 4 46",
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"name": "Terms with Māori translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 49 1 49",
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"name": "Terms with Northern Ndebele translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 49 1 50",
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"name": "Terms with Old Tupi translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "4 46 4 46",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 46 3 47",
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"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 46 3 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"audio": "en-us-grue.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b5/En-us-grue.ogg/En-us-grue.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/En-us-grue.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "grew"
}
],
"word": "grue"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uː",
"Rhymes:English/uː/1 syllable",
"en:Colors"
],
"etymology_number": "5",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "grue (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English slang"
],
"glosses": [
"Nutraloaf, a bland mixture of foods served in prisons."
],
"links": [
[
"Nutraloaf",
"nutraloaf"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) Nutraloaf, a bland mixture of foods served in prisons."
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gro͞o"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹuː/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grue.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b5/En-us-grue.ogg/En-us-grue.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/En-us-grue.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "grew"
}
],
"word": "grue"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grue meaning in English (33.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.