See grue in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"t": "to bristle"
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"etymology_text": "From Middle English gruen, probably from Middle Low German gruwen or Middle Dutch gruwen (compare Dutch gruwen), both from Proto-Germanic *grūwijaną, perhaps ultimately an imitative derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers- (“to bristle”), or instead from *gʰer- (“to rub, stroke, grind”).",
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{
"ref": "1822, Sir Walter Scott, The Pirate, volume I, Philadelphia: H. C. Carey and I. Lea, pages 111–112:",
"text": "“It is seenteen hundred linen,” said the pedlar, giving a tweak to one of the shirts, in that knowing manner with which matrons and judges ascertain the texture of the loom ; “it’s seenteen hundred linen, and as strong as an it were dowlas. Nevertheless, mother, your bidding is to be done ; and I would have done Mr. Mordaunt’s bidding too,” he added, relaxing from his note of defiance, into the deferential whining tone with which he cajoled his customers, “if he hadna made use of profane oaths which made my very flesh grue, and caused me, in some sort, to forget myself.”",
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"To be frightened; to shudder with fear."
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"(intransitive, archaic) To be frightened; to shudder with fear."
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],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gruen, probably from Middle Low German gruwen or Middle Dutch gruwen (compare Dutch gruwen), both from Proto-Germanic *grūwijaną, perhaps ultimately an imitative derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers- (“to bristle”), or instead from *gʰer- (“to rub, stroke, grind”).",
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"ref": "1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:",
"text": "Upon all others the sight of Alison, were it but for a moment, cast a cold grue, not to be remembered without terror.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1964, Geoffrey Jenkins, (title)",
"text": "A Grue of Ice"
},
{
"ref": "1992, Alasdair Gray, Poor Things, Bloomsbury, published 2002, page 25:",
"text": "A cold grue went through me—I was unable to touch such a hand.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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{
"text": "The butcher was covered in the accumulated grue of a hard day's work"
},
{
"text": "There was grue everywhere after the accident"
},
{
"ref": "1958, Samuel Youd, writing as John Christopher, The Caves of Night:",
"text": "'I've told you - it wasn't much. He tried to kiss me.' She smiled slightly. 'Just after he had shown me the family skeletons.' / 'What a lovely bit of grue!'",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Linda Badley, Writing Horror and the Body http://print.google.com/print?hl=en&id=iaHQorgoqd4C&pg=PA39&lpg=PA39&sig=0unz5oiZA5IURViNe75MsU7vHG4",
"text": "Carrie is Cinderella in the body language of menstrual blood and raging hormones. King’s adolescent joy in grimaces and groans, the Mad magazine humor, and the staple of “grue” hardly need mentioning."
},
{
"text": "2002, Carole Nelson Douglas, Chapel Noir http://print.google.com/print?hl=en&id=ZZu4sl0P1EAC&pg=PA336&lpg=PA336&sig=dPR0ntE54xw-h3m6fByM0fgJiuc\n“… She is quite agreeable to gruesome ghost stories, but appalled by the lust for life.” / “I admit that I am surprised by how well she handles sheer grue, better than I.”"
},
{
"text": "2004, Talbot Mundy, Guns of the Gods http://print.google.com/print?hl=en&id=PUCcyz2L1iwC&pg=PA244&lpg=PA244&sig=REDDP_txW9FrUWEogxny6lZ4wUo\n“This is the grue,” said Dick, holding his lantern high. / Its light fell on a circle of skeletons, all perfect, each with its head toward a brass bowl in the center."
}
],
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"Any byproduct of a gruesome event, such as gore, viscera, entrails, blood and guts."
],
"id": "en-grue-en-noun-ouNU60Ow",
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[
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[
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],
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],
"word": "grue"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Probably from gruesome; first used in Jack Vance's Dying Earth universe in the 1940s, but popularized by the text-based computer game Zork in 1980.",
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1981, Byte, volume 6:",
"text": "I managed to get into the house through the front once, but I was plunged into darkness and eaten by a monster called a grue.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Jas, “Hazadous ^([sic]) Australian animals the GRUE.... your guide”, in rec.travel.australia+nz (Usenet):",
"text": "To find a grue, turn off the light at night, or go for a walk in a dark place (but carry a flashlight with you).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2004, M.D. Dollahite, “How would you imagine a grue?”, in rec.games.int-fiction (Usenet):",
"text": "Incidentally, the best official text description I know of is in Sorcerer, when you actually become a grue and visit a grue colony. IIRC, even that description is vague, but does cannonize^([sic]) that they are large four-legged reptiles.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
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{
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"2": "Nelson Goodman",
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],
"etymology_text": "Blend of green + blue. The philosophy sense was coined by American philosopher Nelson Goodman in 1955 to illustrate concepts in the philosophy of science. The linguistic sense was coined by American linguist Paul Kay in 1975 as a translation from languages such as Welsh that have a basic cover term that covers both the hues called \"green\" and \"blue\" in English.",
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"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "aquamarine"
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{
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"word": "bleen"
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{
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"ref": "1965, Nelson Goodman, Fact, Fiction and Forecast:",
"text": "The grue property is defined as: x is grue if and only if x is green and is observed before the year 2000, or x is blue and is not observed before the year 2000.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Michael Clark, Paradoxes from A to Z:",
"text": "The unexamined emeralds cannot be both green and grue, since if they are grue and unexamined they are blue.",
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}
],
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[
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],
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{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "philosophy: of an object that is first green, then blue",
"word": "bloen"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "fr",
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"sense": "philosophy: of an object that is first green, then blue",
"word": "blert"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "philosophy: of an object that is first green, then blue",
"word": "blün"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "prasinogálazos",
"sense": "philosophy: of an object that is first green, then blue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πρασινογάλαζος"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "philosophy: of an object that is first green, then blue",
"word": "グルー"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "philosophy: of an object that is first green, then blue",
"word": "verzul"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "philosophy: of an object that is first green, then blue",
"word": "verul"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "mww",
"lang": "White Hmong",
"sense": "philosophy: of an object that is first green, then blue",
"word": "xiav"
}
]
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with White Hmong translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Xhosa translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ye'kwana translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Zulu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 46 9 9 10 7 7",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Colors",
"orig": "en:Colors",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a single color inclusive of both green and blue as different shades, used in translations from languages such as Old Welsh and Old Chinese that lacked a distinction between green and blue."
],
"id": "en-grue-en-adj-en:color",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"single",
"single"
],
[
"color",
"color"
],
[
"inclusive",
"inclusive"
],
[
"both",
"both"
],
[
"green",
"green"
],
[
"blue",
"blue"
],
[
"different",
"different"
],
[
"shade",
"shade"
],
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"translation",
"translation"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"Old Welsh",
"Old Welsh"
],
[
"Old Chinese",
"Old Chinese"
],
[
"lack",
"lack"
],
[
"distinction",
"distinction"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) Of a single color inclusive of both green and blue as different shades, used in translations from languages such as Old Welsh and Old Chinese that lacked a distinction between green and blue."
],
"senseid": [
"en:color"
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "cdh",
"lang": "Chambeali",
"roman": "nīlā",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "𑚝𑚯𑚥𑚭"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "cih",
"lang": "Chinali",
"roman": "nīlā",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "𑚝𑚯𑚥𑚭"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "青"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "xct",
"lang": "Classical Tibetan",
"roman": "sngon po",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "སྔོན་པོ"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "bloen"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "wꜣḏ",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "wAD-D:Y1"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "blert"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "blün"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "prasinogálazos",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πρασινογάλαζος"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "galazoprásinos",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "γαλαζοπράσινος"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "gn",
"lang": "Guaraní",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "hovy"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "aoi",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "青い"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "kgp",
"lang": "Kaingang",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "tánh"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "pureuda",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "푸르다"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "lbj",
"lang": "Ladakhi",
"roman": "sngon po",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "སྔོན་པོ"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "lkt",
"lang": "Lakota",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "tȟó"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "namu"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "mop",
"lang": "Mopan Maya",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "yaʼax"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "nd",
"lang": "Northern Ndebele",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "-luhlaza"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "tpw",
"lang": "Old Tupi",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "obý"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "verzul"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "verul"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"alt": "цвет",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zínij",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зи́ний"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "verdiazul"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "azul verde"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "ty",
"lang": "Tahitian",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "ninamu"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kǐao",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "เขียว"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "tn",
"lang": "Tswana",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "tala"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "xanh"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "glas"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "mww",
"lang": "White Hmong",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "xiav"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "xh",
"lang": "Xhosa",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "-luhlaza"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "mch",
"lang": "Ye'kwana",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "seene"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 71",
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "-luhlaza"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "translations to be checked",
"word": "綠藍 /绿蓝"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gro͞o"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹuː/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grue.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b5/En-us-grue.ogg/En-us-grue.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/En-us-grue.ogg"
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{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "grew"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Blue–green distinction in language",
"New riddle of induction"
],
"word": "grue"
}
{
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Nutraloaf, a bland mixture of foods served in prisons."
],
"id": "en-grue-en-noun-ZHaTiniS",
"links": [
[
"Nutraloaf",
"nutraloaf"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) Nutraloaf, a bland mixture of foods served in prisons."
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
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"t": "to bristle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers- (“to bristle”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gruen, probably from Middle Low German gruwen or Middle Dutch gruwen (compare Dutch gruwen), both from Proto-Germanic *grūwijaną, perhaps ultimately an imitative derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers- (“to bristle”), or instead from *gʰer- (“to rub, stroke, grind”).",
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},
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{
"form": "grued",
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"past"
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"English terms with quotations"
],
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"ref": "1822, Sir Walter Scott, The Pirate, volume I, Philadelphia: H. C. Carey and I. Lea, pages 111–112:",
"text": "“It is seenteen hundred linen,” said the pedlar, giving a tweak to one of the shirts, in that knowing manner with which matrons and judges ascertain the texture of the loom ; “it’s seenteen hundred linen, and as strong as an it were dowlas. Nevertheless, mother, your bidding is to be done ; and I would have done Mr. Mordaunt’s bidding too,” he added, relaxing from his note of defiance, into the deferential whining tone with which he cajoled his customers, “if he hadna made use of profane oaths which made my very flesh grue, and caused me, in some sort, to forget myself.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be frightened; to shudder with fear."
],
"links": [
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"frightened"
],
[
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"shudder"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, archaic) To be frightened; to shudder with fear."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
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{
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],
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],
"word": "grue"
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"t": "to bristle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers- (“to bristle”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gruen, probably from Middle Low German gruwen or Middle Dutch gruwen (compare Dutch gruwen), both from Proto-Germanic *grūwijaną, perhaps ultimately an imitative derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰers- (“to bristle”), or instead from *gʰer- (“to rub, stroke, grind”).",
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"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Scottish English"
],
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"ref": "1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:",
"text": "Upon all others the sight of Alison, were it but for a moment, cast a cold grue, not to be remembered without terror.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1964, Geoffrey Jenkins, (title)",
"text": "A Grue of Ice"
},
{
"ref": "1992, Alasdair Gray, Poor Things, Bloomsbury, published 2002, page 25:",
"text": "A cold grue went through me—I was unable to touch such a hand.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A shiver, a shudder."
],
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],
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],
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"(Scotland) A shiver, a shudder."
],
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}
],
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{
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],
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],
"word": "grue"
}
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"examples": [
{
"text": "The butcher was covered in the accumulated grue of a hard day's work"
},
{
"text": "There was grue everywhere after the accident"
},
{
"ref": "1958, Samuel Youd, writing as John Christopher, The Caves of Night:",
"text": "'I've told you - it wasn't much. He tried to kiss me.' She smiled slightly. 'Just after he had shown me the family skeletons.' / 'What a lovely bit of grue!'",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Linda Badley, Writing Horror and the Body http://print.google.com/print?hl=en&id=iaHQorgoqd4C&pg=PA39&lpg=PA39&sig=0unz5oiZA5IURViNe75MsU7vHG4",
"text": "Carrie is Cinderella in the body language of menstrual blood and raging hormones. King’s adolescent joy in grimaces and groans, the Mad magazine humor, and the staple of “grue” hardly need mentioning."
},
{
"text": "2002, Carole Nelson Douglas, Chapel Noir http://print.google.com/print?hl=en&id=ZZu4sl0P1EAC&pg=PA336&lpg=PA336&sig=dPR0ntE54xw-h3m6fByM0fgJiuc\n“… She is quite agreeable to gruesome ghost stories, but appalled by the lust for life.” / “I admit that I am surprised by how well she handles sheer grue, better than I.”"
},
{
"text": "2004, Talbot Mundy, Guns of the Gods http://print.google.com/print?hl=en&id=PUCcyz2L1iwC&pg=PA244&lpg=PA244&sig=REDDP_txW9FrUWEogxny6lZ4wUo\n“This is the grue,” said Dick, holding his lantern high. / Its light fell on a circle of skeletons, all perfect, each with its head toward a brass bowl in the center."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any byproduct of a gruesome event, such as gore, viscera, entrails, blood and guts."
],
"links": [
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"byproduct"
],
[
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"gruesome"
],
[
"gore",
"gore"
],
[
"viscera",
"viscera"
],
[
"entrails",
"entrails"
],
[
"blood",
"blood"
],
[
"guts",
"guts"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gro͞o"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹuː/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grue.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b5/En-us-grue.ogg/En-us-grue.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/En-us-grue.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "grew"
}
],
"word": "grue"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uː",
"Rhymes:English/uː/1 syllable",
"en:Colors"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Probably from gruesome; first used in Jack Vance's Dying Earth universe in the 1940s, but popularized by the text-based computer game Zork in 1980.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grues",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grue (plural grues)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1981, Byte, volume 6:",
"text": "I managed to get into the house through the front once, but I was plunged into darkness and eaten by a monster called a grue.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Jas, “Hazadous ^([sic]) Australian animals the GRUE.... your guide”, in rec.travel.australia+nz (Usenet):",
"text": "To find a grue, turn off the light at night, or go for a walk in a dark place (but carry a flashlight with you).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2004, M.D. Dollahite, “How would you imagine a grue?”, in rec.games.int-fiction (Usenet):",
"text": "Incidentally, the best official text description I know of is in Sorcerer, when you actually become a grue and visit a grue colony. IIRC, even that description is vague, but does cannonize^([sic]) that they are large four-legged reptiles.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fictional man-eating predator that dwells in the dark."
],
"links": [
[
"fictional",
"fictional"
],
[
"predator",
"predator"
],
[
"dwells",
"dwells"
],
[
"dark",
"dark"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gro͞o"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹuː/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grue.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b5/En-us-grue.ogg/En-us-grue.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/En-us-grue.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "grew"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jack Vance"
],
"word": "grue"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English blends",
"English coinages",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms coined by Nelson Goodman",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uː",
"Rhymes:English/uː/1 syllable",
"Terms with Chambeali translations",
"Terms with Chinali translations",
"Terms with Classical Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Guaraní translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kaingang translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Ladakhi translations",
"Terms with Lakota translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mopan Maya translations",
"Terms with Northern Ndebele translations",
"Terms with Old Tupi translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tahitian translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tswana translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with White Hmong translations",
"Terms with Xhosa translations",
"Terms with Ye'kwana translations",
"Terms with Zulu translations",
"en:Colors"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"topics": [
"philosophy",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "bleen"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "green",
"3": "blue"
},
"expansion": "Blend of green + blue",
"name": "blend"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Nelson Goodman",
"in": "1955",
"nat": "American",
"nocap": "1",
"occ": "philosopher"
},
"expansion": "coined by American philosopher Nelson Goodman in 1955",
"name": "coinage"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Paul Kay",
"in": "1975",
"nat": "American",
"nobycat": "1",
"nocap": "1",
"occ": "linguist"
},
"expansion": "coined by American linguist Paul Kay in 1975",
"name": "coinage"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Blend of green + blue. The philosophy sense was coined by American philosopher Nelson Goodman in 1955 to illustrate concepts in the philosophy of science. The linguistic sense was coined by American linguist Paul Kay in 1975 as a translation from languages such as Welsh that have a basic cover term that covers both the hues called \"green\" and \"blue\" in English.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "grue (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "aquamarine"
},
{
"word": "bleen"
},
{
"word": "blue-green"
},
{
"word": "cyan"
},
{
"word": "turquoise"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Philosophy"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1965, Nelson Goodman, Fact, Fiction and Forecast:",
"text": "The grue property is defined as: x is grue if and only if x is green and is observed before the year 2000, or x is blue and is not observed before the year 2000.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Michael Clark, Paradoxes from A to Z:",
"text": "The unexamined emeralds cannot be both green and grue, since if they are grue and unexamined they are blue.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of an object, green when first observed before a specified time or blue when first observed after that time."
],
"links": [
[
"philosophy",
"philosophy"
],
[
"object",
"object"
],
[
"green",
"green"
],
[
"observe",
"observe"
],
[
"blue",
"blue"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(philosophy) Of an object, green when first observed before a specified time or blue when first observed after that time."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Linguistics"
],
"glosses": [
"Of a single color inclusive of both green and blue as different shades, used in translations from languages such as Old Welsh and Old Chinese that lacked a distinction between green and blue."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"single",
"single"
],
[
"color",
"color"
],
[
"inclusive",
"inclusive"
],
[
"both",
"both"
],
[
"green",
"green"
],
[
"blue",
"blue"
],
[
"different",
"different"
],
[
"shade",
"shade"
],
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"translation",
"translation"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"Old Welsh",
"Old Welsh"
],
[
"Old Chinese",
"Old Chinese"
],
[
"lack",
"lack"
],
[
"distinction",
"distinction"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) Of a single color inclusive of both green and blue as different shades, used in translations from languages such as Old Welsh and Old Chinese that lacked a distinction between green and blue."
],
"senseid": [
"en:color"
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gro͞o"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹuː/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grue.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b5/En-us-grue.ogg/En-us-grue.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/En-us-grue.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "grew"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "philosophy: of an object that is first green, then blue",
"word": "bloen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "philosophy: of an object that is first green, then blue",
"word": "blert"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "philosophy: of an object that is first green, then blue",
"word": "blün"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "prasinogálazos",
"sense": "philosophy: of an object that is first green, then blue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πρασινογάλαζος"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "philosophy: of an object that is first green, then blue",
"word": "グルー"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "philosophy: of an object that is first green, then blue",
"word": "verzul"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "philosophy: of an object that is first green, then blue",
"word": "verul"
},
{
"code": "mww",
"lang": "White Hmong",
"sense": "philosophy: of an object that is first green, then blue",
"word": "xiav"
},
{
"code": "cdh",
"lang": "Chambeali",
"roman": "nīlā",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "𑚝𑚯𑚥𑚭"
},
{
"code": "cih",
"lang": "Chinali",
"roman": "nīlā",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "𑚝𑚯𑚥𑚭"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "青"
},
{
"code": "xct",
"lang": "Classical Tibetan",
"roman": "sngon po",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "སྔོན་པོ"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "bloen"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "wꜣḏ",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "wAD-D:Y1"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "blert"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "blün"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "prasinogálazos",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πρασινογάλαζος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "galazoprásinos",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "γαλαζοπράσινος"
},
{
"code": "gn",
"lang": "Guaraní",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "hovy"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "aoi",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "青い"
},
{
"code": "kgp",
"lang": "Kaingang",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "tánh"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "pureuda",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "푸르다"
},
{
"code": "lbj",
"lang": "Ladakhi",
"roman": "sngon po",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "སྔོན་པོ"
},
{
"code": "lkt",
"lang": "Lakota",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "tȟó"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "namu"
},
{
"code": "mop",
"lang": "Mopan Maya",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "yaʼax"
},
{
"code": "nd",
"lang": "Northern Ndebele",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "-luhlaza"
},
{
"code": "tpw",
"lang": "Old Tupi",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "obý"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "verzul"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "verul"
},
{
"alt": "цвет",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zínij",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зи́ний"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "verdiazul"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "azul verde"
},
{
"code": "ty",
"lang": "Tahitian",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "ninamu"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kǐao",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "เขียว"
},
{
"code": "tn",
"lang": "Tswana",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "tala"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "xanh"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "glas"
},
{
"code": "mww",
"lang": "White Hmong",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "xiav"
},
{
"code": "xh",
"lang": "Xhosa",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "-luhlaza"
},
{
"code": "mch",
"lang": "Ye'kwana",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "seene"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "linguistics: green or blue in languages that do not distinguish the two colors",
"word": "-luhlaza"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "translations to be checked",
"word": "綠藍 /绿蓝"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Blue–green distinction in language",
"New riddle of induction"
],
"word": "grue"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uː",
"Rhymes:English/uː/1 syllable",
"en:Colors"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "grue (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English slang"
],
"glosses": [
"Nutraloaf, a bland mixture of foods served in prisons."
],
"links": [
[
"Nutraloaf",
"nutraloaf"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) Nutraloaf, a bland mixture of foods served in prisons."
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gro͞o"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹuː/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grue.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b5/En-us-grue.ogg/En-us-grue.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/En-us-grue.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "grew"
}
],
"word": "grue"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grue meaning in English (24.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (b941637 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.