See enforce in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for enforce meaning in English (18.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "enforcer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "enforcement"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "re-enforce"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "enforcen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English enforcen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "enforcier"
},
"expansion": "Old French enforcier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "infortiāre"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin infortiāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in-"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fortis",
"3": "",
"4": "strong"
},
"expansion": "fortis (“strong”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English enforcen, from Old French enforcier, from Late Latin infortiāre, from in- + fortis (“strong”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "enforces",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "enforcing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "enforced",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "enforced",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "enforce (third-person singular simple present enforces, present participle enforcing, simple past and past participle enforced)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"en‧force"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The police are there to enforce the law.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "1929, Chiang Kai-shek, quoted in “Nationalist Notes,” Time, 11 February, 1929,\nOur task is only half finished. It will be my duty to enforce the decisions of the conference and I hereby pledge myself to that end."
},
{
"ref": "2013 September 8, “The pulpit should be free of politics”, in Los Angeles Times",
"text": "Far from needing to be repealed, the ban on politics in the pulpit ought to be enforced more aggressively.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To keep up, impose or bring into effect something, not necessarily by force."
],
"id": "en-enforce-en-verb-v1JWRrMn",
"links": [
[
"impose",
"impose"
],
[
"force",
"force"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nalagam",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "налагам"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "實施"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shíshī",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "实施"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "執行"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhíxíng",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "执行"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "prosazovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "vynucovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to keep up",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "udržovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to keep up",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vynutit"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "handhaven"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "eldevigi"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "valvoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "ylläpitää"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aɣsruleba",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "აღსრულება"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aɣasrulebs",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "აღასრულებს"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "vollstrecken"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "érvényre juttat"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "érvényt szerez"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "érvényesít"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "betartat"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "elfogadtat"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "keresztülvisz"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "kikényszerít"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "kierőszakol"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "végrehajt"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "megvalósít"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "fenntart"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "cuir i bhfeidhm"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "applicare"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "rispettare"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "fare rispettare"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "hacer cumplir"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "hacer respectar"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "aplicar"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 1 2 2 1 2 0 3 1 2 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "upprätthålla"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "The victim was able to enforce his evidence against the alleged perpetrator."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give strength or force to; to affirm, to emphasize."
],
"id": "en-enforce-en-verb-Si2wYIRZ",
"links": [
[
"affirm",
"affirm"
],
[
"emphasize",
"emphasize"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 63 4 3 2 3 0 7 3 3 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nastojavam",
"sense": "to affirm",
"word": "настоявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 63 4 3 2 3 0 7 3 3 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to affirm",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "potvrdit"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 63 4 3 2 3 0 7 3 3 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to affirm",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "potvrzovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 63 4 3 2 3 0 7 3 3 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to affirm",
"word": "vahvistaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 63 4 3 2 3 0 7 3 3 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to affirm",
"word": "megerősít"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 63 4 3 2 3 0 7 3 3 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to affirm",
"word": "hangsúlyoz"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 63 4 3 2 3 0 7 3 3 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to affirm",
"word": "far valere"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To strengthen (a castle, town etc.) with extra troops, fortifications etc."
],
"id": "en-enforce-en-verb-7D7PnykG",
"links": [
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, transitive) To strengthen (a castle, town etc.) with extra troops, fortifications etc."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To intensify, make stronger, add force to."
],
"id": "en-enforce-en-verb-VTa0nkGo",
"links": [
[
"intensify",
"intensify"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, transitive) To intensify, make stronger, add force to."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 3 9 32 5 6 3 12 8 8 9",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zesílit"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 9 32 5 6 3 12 8 8 9",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zesilovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 9 32 5 6 3 12 8 8 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"word": "vahvistaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 9 32 5 6 3 12 8 8 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"word": "intensifier"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 9 32 5 6 3 12 8 8 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"word": "erősít"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 9 32 5 6 3 12 8 8 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"word": "felerősít"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 9 32 5 6 3 12 8 8 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"word": "fokoz"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 9 32 5 6 3 12 8 8 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"word": "intensificare"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 9 32 5 6 3 12 8 8 9",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"word": "intensificar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To exert oneself, to try hard."
],
"id": "en-enforce-en-verb-S39-PC77",
"links": [
[
"exert",
"exert"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, reflexive) To exert oneself, to try hard."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"reflexive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 3 5 5 41 5 2 11 4 10 8",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vynutit"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 3 5 5 41 5 2 11 4 10 8",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "vynucovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 3 5 5 41 5 2 11 4 10 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"word": "käyttää"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 3 5 5 41 5 2 11 4 10 8",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"word": "durchsetzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 3 5 5 41 5 2 11 4 10 8",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"word": "erőfeszítést tesz"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 3 5 5 41 5 2 11 4 10 8",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"word": "igyekszik"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 3 5 5 41 5 2 11 4 10 8",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"word": "megerőlteti magát"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 3 5 5 41 5 2 11 4 10 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"word": "sforzare"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 3 5 5 41 5 2 11 4 10 8",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"word": "obliga"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1899, E. OE. Somerville, Martin Ross, Some Experiences of an Irish R.M., Great Uncle McCarthy",
"text": "In a few minutes I was stealthily groping my way down my own staircase, with a box of matches in my hand, enforced by scientific curiosity, but none the less armed with a stick.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To compel, oblige (someone or something); to force."
],
"id": "en-enforce-en-verb-9hnEpyRe",
"links": [
[
"compel",
"compel"
],
[
"oblige",
"oblige"
],
[
"force",
"force"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To compel, oblige (someone or something); to force."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 3 6 6 4 32 4 17 5 8 8",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prinuždavam",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "принуждавам"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 6 6 4 32 4 17 5 8 8",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "přinutit"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 6 6 4 32 4 17 5 8 8",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "přinucovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 6 6 4 32 4 17 5 8 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "pakottaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 6 6 4 32 4 17 5 8 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "imposer"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 6 6 4 32 4 17 5 8 8",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "obliger"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 6 6 4 32 4 17 5 8 8",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "kényszerít"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 6 6 4 32 4 17 5 8 8",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "rákényszerít"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 6 6 4 32 4 17 5 8 8",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "ösztönöz"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 6 6 4 32 4 17 5 8 8",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "késztet"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 6 6 4 32 4 17 5 8 8",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "indít"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 6 6 4 32 4 17 5 8 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "costringere"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 6 6 4 32 4 17 5 8 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "forzare"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 6 6 4 32 4 17 5 8 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "obbligare"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 6 6 4 32 4 17 5 8 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "imporre"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to enforce a passage",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make or gain by force; to force."
],
"id": "en-enforce-en-verb-~J0Panmr",
"links": [
[
"force",
"force"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To make or gain by force; to force."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To put in motion or action by violence; to drive."
],
"id": "en-enforce-en-verb-fxNMmohi",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To put in motion or action by violence; to drive."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to enforce arguments or requests"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give force to; to strengthen; to invigorate; to urge with energy."
],
"id": "en-enforce-en-verb-EZsdxbUK",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To give force to; to strengthen; to invigorate; to urge with energy."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To urge; to ply hard; to lay much stress upon."
],
"id": "en-enforce-en-verb---~L8Bp1",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To urge; to ply hard; to lay much stress upon."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 18 12 3 2 2 2 6 2 5 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To prove; to evince."
],
"id": "en-enforce-en-verb-i8xEna5k",
"links": [
[
"prove",
"prove"
],
[
"evince",
"evince"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To prove; to evince."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈfoɹs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛn-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈfɔːs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛn-/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˈfo(ː)ɹs/",
"note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˈfoəs/",
"note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)s"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-enforce.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-enforce.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-enforce.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-enforce.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-enforce.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "ĭnfôrsʹ"
},
{
"enpr": "-fōrsʹ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "inforce"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 5 31 4 3 3 1 6 34 4 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ukrepjavam",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "укрепявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 31 4 3 3 1 6 34 4 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "posílit"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 31 4 3 3 1 6 34 4 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "posilovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 31 4 3 3 1 6 34 4 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "versterken"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 31 4 3 3 1 6 34 4 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "vahvistaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 31 4 3 3 1 6 34 4 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "renforcer"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 31 4 3 3 1 6 34 4 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ischyropoió",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "ισχυροποιώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 31 4 3 3 1 6 34 4 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "megerősít"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 31 4 3 3 1 6 34 4 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "megszilárdít"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 31 4 3 3 1 6 34 4 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "rafforzare"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 31 4 3 3 1 6 34 4 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "reforçar"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 31 4 3 3 1 6 34 4 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "întări"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 31 4 3 3 1 6 34 4 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "reforzar"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 31 4 3 3 1 6 34 4 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "förstärka"
}
],
"word": "enforce"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)s",
"Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)s/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "enforcer"
},
{
"word": "enforcement"
},
{
"word": "re-enforce"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "enforcen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English enforcen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "enforcier"
},
"expansion": "Old French enforcier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "infortiāre"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin infortiāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in-"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fortis",
"3": "",
"4": "strong"
},
"expansion": "fortis (“strong”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English enforcen, from Old French enforcier, from Late Latin infortiāre, from in- + fortis (“strong”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "enforces",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "enforcing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "enforced",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "enforced",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "enforce (third-person singular simple present enforces, present participle enforcing, simple past and past participle enforced)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"en‧force"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The police are there to enforce the law.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "1929, Chiang Kai-shek, quoted in “Nationalist Notes,” Time, 11 February, 1929,\nOur task is only half finished. It will be my duty to enforce the decisions of the conference and I hereby pledge myself to that end."
},
{
"ref": "2013 September 8, “The pulpit should be free of politics”, in Los Angeles Times",
"text": "Far from needing to be repealed, the ban on politics in the pulpit ought to be enforced more aggressively.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To keep up, impose or bring into effect something, not necessarily by force."
],
"links": [
[
"impose",
"impose"
],
[
"force",
"force"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "The victim was able to enforce his evidence against the alleged perpetrator."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give strength or force to; to affirm, to emphasize."
],
"links": [
[
"affirm",
"affirm"
],
[
"emphasize",
"emphasize"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To strengthen (a castle, town etc.) with extra troops, fortifications etc."
],
"links": [
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, transitive) To strengthen (a castle, town etc.) with extra troops, fortifications etc."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To intensify, make stronger, add force to."
],
"links": [
[
"intensify",
"intensify"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, transitive) To intensify, make stronger, add force to."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English reflexive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To exert oneself, to try hard."
],
"links": [
[
"exert",
"exert"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, reflexive) To exert oneself, to try hard."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1899, E. OE. Somerville, Martin Ross, Some Experiences of an Irish R.M., Great Uncle McCarthy",
"text": "In a few minutes I was stealthily groping my way down my own staircase, with a box of matches in my hand, enforced by scientific curiosity, but none the less armed with a stick.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To compel, oblige (someone or something); to force."
],
"links": [
[
"compel",
"compel"
],
[
"oblige",
"oblige"
],
[
"force",
"force"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To compel, oblige (someone or something); to force."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to enforce a passage",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make or gain by force; to force."
],
"links": [
[
"force",
"force"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To make or gain by force; to force."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To put in motion or action by violence; to drive."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To put in motion or action by violence; to drive."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to enforce arguments or requests"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give force to; to strengthen; to invigorate; to urge with energy."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To give force to; to strengthen; to invigorate; to urge with energy."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To urge; to ply hard; to lay much stress upon."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To urge; to ply hard; to lay much stress upon."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To prove; to evince."
],
"links": [
[
"prove",
"prove"
],
[
"evince",
"evince"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To prove; to evince."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈfoɹs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛn-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈfɔːs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛn-/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˈfo(ː)ɹs/",
"note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˈfoəs/",
"note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)s"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-enforce.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-enforce.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-enforce.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-enforce.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-enforce.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "ĭnfôrsʹ"
},
{
"enpr": "-fōrsʹ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "inforce"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nalagam",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "налагам"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "實施"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shíshī",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "实施"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "執行"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhíxíng",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "执行"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "prosazovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "vynucovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to keep up",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "udržovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to keep up",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vynutit"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "handhaven"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "eldevigi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "valvoa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "ylläpitää"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aɣsruleba",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "აღსრულება"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aɣasrulebs",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "აღასრულებს"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "vollstrecken"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "érvényre juttat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "érvényt szerez"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "érvényesít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "betartat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "elfogadtat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "keresztülvisz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "kikényszerít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "kierőszakol"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "végrehajt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "megvalósít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "fenntart"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "cuir i bhfeidhm"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "applicare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "rispettare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "fare rispettare"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "hacer cumplir"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "hacer respectar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "aplicar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to keep up",
"word": "upprätthålla"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nastojavam",
"sense": "to affirm",
"word": "настоявам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to affirm",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "potvrdit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to affirm",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "potvrzovat"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to affirm",
"word": "vahvistaa"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to affirm",
"word": "megerősít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to affirm",
"word": "hangsúlyoz"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to affirm",
"word": "far valere"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ukrepjavam",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "укрепявам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "posílit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "posilovat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "versterken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "vahvistaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "renforcer"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ischyropoió",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "ισχυροποιώ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "megerősít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "megszilárdít"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "rafforzare"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "reforçar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "întări"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "reforzar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to strengthen",
"word": "förstärka"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zesílit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zesilovat"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"word": "vahvistaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"word": "intensifier"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"word": "erősít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"word": "felerősít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"word": "fokoz"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"word": "intensificare"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to intensify",
"word": "intensificar"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vynutit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "vynucovat"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"word": "käyttää"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"word": "durchsetzen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"word": "erőfeszítést tesz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"word": "igyekszik"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"word": "megerőlteti magát"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"word": "sforzare"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to exert oneself, try hard",
"word": "obliga"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prinuždavam",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "принуждавам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "přinutit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "přinucovat"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "pakottaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "imposer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "obliger"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "kényszerít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "rákényszerít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "ösztönöz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "késztet"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "indít"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "costringere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "forzare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "obbligare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(obsolete in English) to compel",
"word": "imporre"
}
],
"word": "enforce"
}
{
"called_from": "translations/324",
"msg": "possible sense number in translation item: German: __IGNORE__ (1), __IGNORE__",
"path": [
"enforce"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "enforce",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "translations/324",
"msg": "possible sense number in translation item: Spanish: __IGNORE__ (1)",
"path": [
"enforce"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "enforce",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.