See desperate in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "desperately"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "desperateness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "desperate times call for desperate measures"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "desperate times require desperate measures"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "desperation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nondesperate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overdesperate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "undesperate"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dēspērātus"
},
"expansion": "Latin dēspērātus",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin dēspērātus, past participle of dēspērō (“to be without hope”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more desperate",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most desperate",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "desperate (comparative more desperate, superlative most desperate)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "despair"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "desperado"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I hadn't eaten in two days and was desperate for food.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "desperate to eat; desperate for attention",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In dire need (of something); having a dire need or desire."
],
"id": "en-desperate-en-adj-3OAimstr",
"links": [
[
"dire",
"dire"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "88 3 3 2 4 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in dire need (of something)",
"word": "verzweifelt bemüht"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 3 3 2 4 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in dire need (of something)",
"word": "sehnsuchtsvoll verlangend"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I was so desperate at one point, I even went to see a loan shark.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:",
"text": "Since his exile she hath despised me most,\n Forsworn my company and rail'd at me,\n That I am desperate of obtaining her.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVI, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "“[…] She takes the whole thing with desperate seriousness. But the others are all easy and jovial—thinking about the good fare that is soon to be eaten, about the hired fly, about anything.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 January 12, Benedict le Vay, “The heroes of Soham...”, in RAIL, number 948, page 43:",
"text": "But signalman Bridges was never to answer driver Gimbert's desperate question. A deafening, massive blast blew the wagon to shreds, the 44 high-explosive bombs exploding like simultaneous hits from the aircraft they should have been dropped from. The station was instantly reduced to bits of debris, and the line to a huge crater.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Being filled with, or in a state of, despair; hopeless."
],
"id": "en-desperate-en-adj-P6U36axJ",
"links": [
[
"despair",
"despair"
],
[
"hopeless",
"hopeless"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bāʔis",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "بائِس"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qāniṭ",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "قَانِط"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "husahat",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "հուսահատ"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "róspačny",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "ро́спачны"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otčájan",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "отча́ян"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "desesperat"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "絕望"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "juéwàng",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "绝望"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zoufalý"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "desperat"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "wanhopig"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "vertwijfeld"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "radeloos"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "hopeloos"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "desperaat"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "vónleysur"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "hopleysur"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "epätoivoinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "désespéré"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "desesperado"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sasoc̣arḳvetili",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "სასოწარკვეთილი"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "verzweifelt"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apelpisménos",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "απελπισμένος"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "miuash",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "מיואש"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "disperato"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"alt": "ぜつぼうてきな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "zetsubōteki na",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "絶望的な"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "pilsajeog-in",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "필사적인"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jeolmangjeog-in",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "절망적인"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "dēspērātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "očaen",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "очаен"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "desperat"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "desperat"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zdesperowany"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "desesperado"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otčájannyj",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "отча́янный"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "очајан"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "očajan"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "zúfalý"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "obupen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "desesperado"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozpáčlyvyj",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "розпа́чливий"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 53 32 6 3 1",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "faryiesht",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "פֿאַרייִאושט"
}
]
},
{
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{
"_dis": "9 6 24 20 6 6 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a desperate disease; desperate fortune",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Beyond hope, leaving little reason for hope; causing despair; extremely perilous."
],
"id": "en-desperate-en-adj-cG0mNhck",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 6 72 4 3 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beyond hope",
"word": "aussichtslos"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 6 72 4 3 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beyond hope",
"word": "hoffnungslos"
}
]
},
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1879, Thomas Babington Macaulay, “GOLDSMITH, Oliver”, in The Encyclopædia Britannica […] , Ninth edition, Volume X, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, page 761, column 2:",
"text": "In England his flute was not in request; there were no convents; and he was forced to have recourse to a series of desperate expedients.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1904, Clorinda Matto de Turner, Birds Without a Nest: A Story of Indian Life and Priestly Oppression in Peru, page 218:",
"text": "“I knew very well that when the Peruvian Indian does anything wrong it is because he is forced to it by oppression and made desperate by abuse,” replied Lucia.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Hans-Martin Sass, Cultures in Bioethics, LIT Verlag Münster, →ISBN, page 239:",
"text": "Humankind's global integration makes biological combat a weapon of choice for desperate killers, who are either suicidal or intend to infect others […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "He dove into the rushing waters in a desperate effort to save her life.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Involving or employing extreme measures, without regard to danger or safety; reckless due to hopelessness."
],
"id": "en-desperate-en-adj-HS45dMWv",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "21 7 7 51 4 11",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "handugn",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "հանդուգն"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 7 7 51 4 11",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezrazsǎden",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "безразсъден"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 7 7 51 4 11",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "desesperat"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 7 7 51 4 11",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "epätoivoinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 7 7 51 4 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "verzweifelt"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 7 7 51 4 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "wahnwitzig"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 7 7 51 4 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "irrsinnig"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 7 7 51 4 11",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "cie klang",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "ជាខ្លាំង"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 7 7 51 4 11",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "dael saahaav",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "ដែលសាហាវ"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 7 7 51 4 11",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "terdesak"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 7 7 51 4 11",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "nanakia"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 7 7 51 4 11",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "desesperado"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 7 7 51 4 11",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bezrassúdnyj",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "безрассу́дный"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 7 7 51 4 11",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidčajdúšnyj",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "відчайду́шний"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:",
"text": "a desperate offendress against nature",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1876, Thomas Babington Macaulay, “BUNYAN, John”, in The Encyclopædia Britannica […] , Ninth edition, Volume IV, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, page 526, column 2:",
"text": "The worst that can be laid to the charge of this poor youth, whom it has been the fashion to represent as the most desperate of reprobates, as a village Rochester, is, that he had a great liking for some diversions, quite harmless in themselves, but condemned by the rigid precisians among whom he lived, and for whose opinion he had a great respect.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1898, Longman's Magazine, page 161:",
"text": "The letters which were of most importance were in half a dozen languages and in the desperate handwriting of the period. Eminent men in that age thought it - like Hamlet - a baseness to write fair. Often at the end of a page I have[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "(Can we date this quote?), Stopping Inertia, Dorrance Publishing, →ISBN, page 131:",
"text": "She pictured having a boyfriend over and losing him when he saw her desperate taste in shampoo; however, the chances of that happening were slim.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 September 2, Irish People Try American-Style Pancakes, circa 8:12",
"text": "Whoever's writing the stuff on this has desperate handwriting, like they must be a doctor..."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Extremely bad; outrageous, shocking; intolerable."
],
"id": "en-desperate-en-adj-5QKX2jVW"
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:",
"text": "She enraged some country ladies with three times her money, by a sort of desperate perfection which they found in her.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 May 28, Phil McCulty, “Liverpool 0-1 Real Madrid”, in BBC Sport:",
"text": "For Liverpool, it capped six days of desperate disappointment after missing out on the Premier League to Manchester City by a single point then losing to this experienced, street-smart Real team.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Intense; extremely intense."
],
"id": "en-desperate-en-adj-3-2L9-Uv",
"links": [
[
"intense",
"intense"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 3 3 4 87",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extremely intense",
"word": "epätoivoinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 3 3 4 87",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidčajdúšnyj",
"sense": "extremely intense",
"word": "відчайду́шний"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɛsp(ə)ɹət/"
},
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"audio": "en-us-desperate.ogg",
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"word": "desperate"
}
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],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin dēspērātus, past participle of dēspērō (“to be without hope”).",
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"glosses": [
"A person in desperate circumstances or who is at the point of desperation, such as a down-and-outer, addict, etc."
],
"id": "en-desperate-en-noun-uxA-oLzu",
"links": [
[
"down-and-outer",
"down-and-outer"
],
[
"addict",
"addict"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "not to be confused",
"word": "disparate"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɛsp(ə)ɹət/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-desperate.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-us-desperate.ogg/En-us-desperate.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-us-desperate.ogg"
}
],
"word": "desperate"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *speh₁-",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Icelandic translations",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
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"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "desperately"
},
{
"word": "desperateness"
},
{
"word": "desperate times call for desperate measures"
},
{
"word": "desperate times require desperate measures"
},
{
"word": "desperation"
},
{
"word": "nondesperate"
},
{
"word": "overdesperate"
},
{
"word": "undesperate"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dēspērātus"
},
"expansion": "Latin dēspērātus",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin dēspērātus, past participle of dēspērō (“to be without hope”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more desperate",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most desperate",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "desperate (comparative more desperate, superlative most desperate)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "despair"
},
{
"word": "desperado"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I hadn't eaten in two days and was desperate for food.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "desperate to eat; desperate for attention",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In dire need (of something); having a dire need or desire."
],
"links": [
[
"dire",
"dire"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I was so desperate at one point, I even went to see a loan shark.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:",
"text": "Since his exile she hath despised me most,\n Forsworn my company and rail'd at me,\n That I am desperate of obtaining her.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVI, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "“[…] She takes the whole thing with desperate seriousness. But the others are all easy and jovial—thinking about the good fare that is soon to be eaten, about the hired fly, about anything.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 January 12, Benedict le Vay, “The heroes of Soham...”, in RAIL, number 948, page 43:",
"text": "But signalman Bridges was never to answer driver Gimbert's desperate question. A deafening, massive blast blew the wagon to shreds, the 44 high-explosive bombs exploding like simultaneous hits from the aircraft they should have been dropped from. The station was instantly reduced to bits of debris, and the line to a huge crater.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Being filled with, or in a state of, despair; hopeless."
],
"links": [
[
"despair",
"despair"
],
[
"hopeless",
"hopeless"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a desperate disease; desperate fortune",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Beyond hope, leaving little reason for hope; causing despair; extremely perilous."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1879, Thomas Babington Macaulay, “GOLDSMITH, Oliver”, in The Encyclopædia Britannica […] , Ninth edition, Volume X, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, page 761, column 2:",
"text": "In England his flute was not in request; there were no convents; and he was forced to have recourse to a series of desperate expedients.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1904, Clorinda Matto de Turner, Birds Without a Nest: A Story of Indian Life and Priestly Oppression in Peru, page 218:",
"text": "“I knew very well that when the Peruvian Indian does anything wrong it is because he is forced to it by oppression and made desperate by abuse,” replied Lucia.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Hans-Martin Sass, Cultures in Bioethics, LIT Verlag Münster, →ISBN, page 239:",
"text": "Humankind's global integration makes biological combat a weapon of choice for desperate killers, who are either suicidal or intend to infect others […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "He dove into the rushing waters in a desperate effort to save her life.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Involving or employing extreme measures, without regard to danger or safety; reckless due to hopelessness."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Requests for date"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:",
"text": "a desperate offendress against nature",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1876, Thomas Babington Macaulay, “BUNYAN, John”, in The Encyclopædia Britannica […] , Ninth edition, Volume IV, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, page 526, column 2:",
"text": "The worst that can be laid to the charge of this poor youth, whom it has been the fashion to represent as the most desperate of reprobates, as a village Rochester, is, that he had a great liking for some diversions, quite harmless in themselves, but condemned by the rigid precisians among whom he lived, and for whose opinion he had a great respect.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1898, Longman's Magazine, page 161:",
"text": "The letters which were of most importance were in half a dozen languages and in the desperate handwriting of the period. Eminent men in that age thought it - like Hamlet - a baseness to write fair. Often at the end of a page I have[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "(Can we date this quote?), Stopping Inertia, Dorrance Publishing, →ISBN, page 131:",
"text": "She pictured having a boyfriend over and losing him when he saw her desperate taste in shampoo; however, the chances of that happening were slim.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 September 2, Irish People Try American-Style Pancakes, circa 8:12",
"text": "Whoever's writing the stuff on this has desperate handwriting, like they must be a doctor..."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Extremely bad; outrageous, shocking; intolerable."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:",
"text": "She enraged some country ladies with three times her money, by a sort of desperate perfection which they found in her.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 May 28, Phil McCulty, “Liverpool 0-1 Real Madrid”, in BBC Sport:",
"text": "For Liverpool, it capped six days of desperate disappointment after missing out on the Premier League to Manchester City by a single point then losing to this experienced, street-smart Real team.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Intense; extremely intense."
],
"links": [
[
"intense",
"intense"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɛsp(ə)ɹət/"
},
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"audio": "en-us-desperate.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-us-desperate.ogg/En-us-desperate.ogg.mp3",
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"translations": [
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in dire need (of something)",
"word": "verzweifelt bemüht"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in dire need (of something)",
"word": "sehnsuchtsvoll verlangend"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bāʔis",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "بائِس"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qāniṭ",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "قَانِط"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "husahat",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "հուսահատ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "róspačny",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "ро́спачны"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otčájan",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "отча́ян"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "desesperat"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "絕望"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "juéwàng",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "绝望"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zoufalý"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "desperat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "wanhopig"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "vertwijfeld"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "radeloos"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "hopeloos"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "desperaat"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "vónleysur"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "hopleysur"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "epätoivoinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "désespéré"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "desesperado"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sasoc̣arḳvetili",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "სასოწარკვეთილი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "verzweifelt"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apelpisménos",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "απελπισμένος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "miuash",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "מיואש"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "disperato"
},
{
"alt": "ぜつぼうてきな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "zetsubōteki na",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "絶望的な"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "pilsajeog-in",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "필사적인"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jeolmangjeog-in",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "절망적인"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "dēspērātus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "očaen",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "очаен"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "desperat"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "desperat"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zdesperowany"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "desesperado"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otčájannyj",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "отча́янный"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "очајан"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "očajan"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "zúfalý"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "obupen"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "desesperado"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rozpáčlyvyj",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "розпа́чливий"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "faryiesht",
"sense": "filled with despair",
"word": "פֿאַרייִאושט"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beyond hope",
"word": "aussichtslos"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beyond hope",
"word": "hoffnungslos"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "handugn",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "հանդուգն"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezrazsǎden",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "безразсъден"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "desesperat"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "epätoivoinen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "verzweifelt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "wahnwitzig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "irrsinnig"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "cie klang",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "ជាខ្លាំង"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "dael saahaav",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "ដែលសាហាវ"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "terdesak"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "nanakia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "desesperado"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bezrassúdnyj",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "безрассу́дный"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidčajdúšnyj",
"sense": "having reckless abandon",
"word": "відчайду́шний"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extremely intense",
"word": "epätoivoinen"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidčajdúšnyj",
"sense": "extremely intense",
"word": "відчайду́шний"
}
],
"word": "desperate"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *speh₁-",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Icelandic translations",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dēspērātus"
},
"expansion": "Latin dēspērātus",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin dēspērātus, past participle of dēspērō (“to be without hope”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "desperates",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "desperate (plural desperates)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "not to be confused",
"word": "disparate"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A person in desperate circumstances or who is at the point of desperation, such as a down-and-outer, addict, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"down-and-outer",
"down-and-outer"
],
[
"addict",
"addict"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɛsp(ə)ɹət/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-desperate.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-us-desperate.ogg/En-us-desperate.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-us-desperate.ogg"
}
],
"word": "desperate"
}
Download raw JSONL data for desperate meaning in English (18.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.