"cooperate" meaning in English

See cooperate in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /koʊˈɒpəɹeɪt/, /kuˈɒpəɹeɪt/ Audio: En-us-cooperate.ogg [US], En-cooperate.ogg , en-uk-cooperate.ogg [UK] Forms: cooperates [present, singular, third-person], cooperating [participle, present], cooperated [participle, past], cooperated [past]
Rhymes: -ɒpəɹeɪt Etymology: Originated 1595–1605 from Late Latin cooperatus (“work with”). See co- + operate. Displaced native Old English efnwyrċan. Etymology templates: {{der|en|LL.|cooperatus||work with}} Late Latin cooperatus (“work with”), {{m|en|co-}} co-, {{m|en|operate}} operate, {{ncog|ang|efnwyrċan}} Old English efnwyrċan Head templates: {{en-verb}} cooperate (third-person singular simple present cooperates, present participle cooperating, simple past and past participle cooperated)
  1. (intransitive) To work or act together, especially for a common purpose or benefit. Tags: intransitive Translations (to work together): συμπράσσω (sumprássō) (Ancient Greek), تَعَاوَنَ (taʕāwana) (Arabic), համագործակցել (hamagorcakcʻel) (Armenian), супрацо́ўнічаць (supracóŭničacʹ) [imperfective] (Belarusian), сътру́днича (sǎtrúdniča) [imperfective] (Bulgarian), cooperar (Catalan), 合作 (hézuò) (Chinese Mandarin), 協力 (Chinese Mandarin), 协力 (xiélì) (Chinese Mandarin), 一力 (yīlì) (Chinese Mandarin), spolupracovat [imperfective] (Czech), samarbejde (Danish), samenwerken (Dutch), kunlabori (Esperanto), kunagi (Esperanto), tehdä yhteistyötä (Finnish), toimia yhteistyössä (Finnish), coopérer (French), collaborer (French), cooperar (Galician), zusammenarbeiten (German), kooperieren (German), לשתף פעולה (leshatef pe'ula) (Hebrew), सहयोग करना (sahyog karnā) (Hindi), együttműködik (Hungarian), kooperál (Hungarian), vinna saman (Icelandic), cooperare (Italian), collaborare (Italian), 協力する (kyōryoku suru) (alt: きょうりょくする) (Japanese), 협력하다 (hyeomnyeokhada) (Korean), ຮ່ວມໝູ່ (hūam mū) (Lao), bendradarbiauti (Lithuanian), cooperéieren (Luxembourgish), соработува (sorabotuva) [imperfective] (Macedonian), bekerjasama (Malay), samarbeide (Norwegian), efnwyrċan (Old English), współpracować [imperfective] (Polish), cooperar (Portuguese), colaborar (Portuguese), yanapay (Quechua), coopera (Romanian), сотру́дничать (sotrúdničatʹ) [imperfective] (Russian), коопери́ровать (kooperírovatʹ) [imperfective] (Russian), сарађивати [Cyrillic, imperfective] (Serbo-Croatian), сурађивати [Cyrillic, imperfective] (Serbo-Croatian), sarađivati [Roman, imperfective] (Serbo-Croatian), surađivati [Roman, imperfective] (Serbo-Croatian), spolupracovať [imperfective] (Slovak), sodelovati [imperfective] (Slovene), cooperar (Spanish), samarbeta (Swedish), samverka (Swedish), సహకరించు (sahakariñcu) (Telugu), ร่วมมือ (rûuam-mʉʉ) (Thai), співпрацюва́ти (spivpracjuváty) [imperfective] (Ukrainian), cộng tác (Vietnamese), cydweithio (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-cooperate-en-verb-G9wr~vtC Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English terms with vowel pseudo-digraphs Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 65 11 13 11 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 54 12 20 14 Disambiguation of English terms with vowel pseudo-digraphs: 39 22 28 11 Disambiguation of 'to work together': 55 33 0 12
  2. (intransitive) To allow for mutual unobstructed action Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: en-cooperate-en-verb-V~MMN2eb
  3. (intransitive) To function in harmony, side by side Tags: intransitive Translations (function in harmony, side by side): samspille (Danish), harmonieren (German), zusammenspielen (German), samspela (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-cooperate-en-verb-XOarF6HN Disambiguation of 'function in harmony, side by side': 2 1 95 2
  4. (intransitive) To engage in economic cooperation. Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: en-cooperate-en-verb-AbDhdY9e
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: coact, coadjute, co-op, make common cause, play ball, co-operate [UK], coöperate [uncommon] Related terms: cooperation [noun], cooperative [adjective, noun], cooperator [agent]

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for cooperate meaning in English (12.4kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "cooperatus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "work with"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin cooperatus (“work with”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "co-"
      },
      "expansion": "co-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "operate"
      },
      "expansion": "operate",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "efnwyrċan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English efnwyrċan",
      "name": "ncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Originated 1595–1605 from Late Latin cooperatus (“work with”). See co- + operate. Displaced native Old English efnwyrċan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cooperates",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cooperating",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cooperated",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cooperated",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "cooperate (third-person singular simple present cooperates, present participle cooperating, simple past and past participle cooperated)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "cooperation"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "cooperative"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "agent"
      ],
      "word": "cooperator"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "65 11 13 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 12 20 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 22 28 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms with vowel pseudo-digraphs",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2012 November 7, Matt Bai, “Winning a Second Term, Obama Will Confront Familiar Headwinds”, in New York Times",
          "text": "In polling by the Pew Research Center in November 2008, fully half the respondents thought the two parties would cooperate more in the coming year, versus only 36 percent who thought the climate would grow more adversarial.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To work or act together, especially for a common purpose or benefit."
      ],
      "id": "en-cooperate-en-verb-G9wr~vtC",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To work or act together, especially for a common purpose or benefit."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "taʕāwana",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "تَعَاوَنَ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "hamagorcakcʻel",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "համագործակցել"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "supracóŭničacʹ",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "супрацо́ўнічаць"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "sǎtrúdniča",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "сътру́днича"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "cooperar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "hézuò",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "合作"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "協力"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "xiélì",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "协力"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "yīlì",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "一力"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "spolupracovat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "samarbejde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "samenwerken"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "kunlabori"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "kunagi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "tehdä yhteistyötä"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "toimia yhteistyössä"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "coopérer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "collaborer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "cooperar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "zusammenarbeiten"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "kooperieren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "sumprássō",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "συμπράσσω"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "leshatef pe'ula",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "לשתף פעולה"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "sahyog karnā",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "सहयोग करना"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "együttműködik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "kooperál"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "vinna saman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "cooperare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "collaborare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "alt": "きょうりょくする",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "kyōryoku suru",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "協力する"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "hyeomnyeokhada",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "협력하다"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "lo",
          "lang": "Lao",
          "roman": "hūam mū",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "ຮ່ວມໝູ່"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "bendradarbiauti"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "lb",
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "cooperéieren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "sorabotuva",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "соработува"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "bekerjasama"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "samarbeide"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "efnwyrċan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "współpracować"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "cooperar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "colaborar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "qu",
          "lang": "Quechua",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "yanapay"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "coopera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "sotrúdničatʹ",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "сотру́дничать"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "kooperírovatʹ",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "коопери́ровать"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "сарађивати"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "сурађивати"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "sarađivati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "surađivati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "spolupracovať"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "sodelovati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "cooperar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "samarbeta"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "samverka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "te",
          "lang": "Telugu",
          "roman": "sahakariñcu",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "సహకరించు"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "rûuam-mʉʉ",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "ร่วมมือ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "spivpracjuváty",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "співпрацюва́ти"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "cộng tác"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "55 33 0 12",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "to work together",
          "word": "cydweithio"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To allow for mutual unobstructed action"
      ],
      "id": "en-cooperate-en-verb-V~MMN2eb",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To allow for mutual unobstructed action"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To function in harmony, side by side"
      ],
      "id": "en-cooperate-en-verb-XOarF6HN",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To function in harmony, side by side"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 1 95 2",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "function in harmony, side by side",
          "word": "samspille"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 1 95 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "function in harmony, side by side",
          "word": "harmonieren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 1 95 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "function in harmony, side by side",
          "word": "zusammenspielen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 1 95 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "function in harmony, side by side",
          "word": "samspela"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To engage in economic cooperation."
      ],
      "id": "en-cooperate-en-verb-AbDhdY9e",
      "links": [
        [
          "cooperation",
          "cooperation"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To engage in economic cooperation."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/koʊˈɒpəɹeɪt/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuˈɒpəɹeɪt/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɒpəɹeɪt"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-cooperate.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bb/En-us-cooperate.ogg/En-us-cooperate.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/En-us-cooperate.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-cooperate.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ad/En-cooperate.ogg/En-cooperate.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/En-cooperate.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-uk-cooperate.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-uk-cooperate.ogg/En-uk-cooperate.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-uk-cooperate.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (UK)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "coact"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "coadjute"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "co-op"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "make common cause"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "play ball"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ],
      "word": "co-operate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "uncommon"
      ],
      "word": "coöperate"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cooperate"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 4-syllable words",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English reciprocal verbs",
    "English terms derived from Late Latin",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English terms with vowel pseudo-digraphs",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɒpəɹeɪt",
    "Rhymes:English/ɒpəɹeɪt/4 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "cooperatus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "work with"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin cooperatus (“work with”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "co-"
      },
      "expansion": "co-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "operate"
      },
      "expansion": "operate",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "efnwyrċan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English efnwyrċan",
      "name": "ncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Originated 1595–1605 from Late Latin cooperatus (“work with”). See co- + operate. Displaced native Old English efnwyrċan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cooperates",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cooperating",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cooperated",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cooperated",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "cooperate (third-person singular simple present cooperates, present participle cooperating, simple past and past participle cooperated)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "cooperation"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "cooperative"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "agent"
      ],
      "word": "cooperator"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2012 November 7, Matt Bai, “Winning a Second Term, Obama Will Confront Familiar Headwinds”, in New York Times",
          "text": "In polling by the Pew Research Center in November 2008, fully half the respondents thought the two parties would cooperate more in the coming year, versus only 36 percent who thought the climate would grow more adversarial.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To work or act together, especially for a common purpose or benefit."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To work or act together, especially for a common purpose or benefit."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To allow for mutual unobstructed action"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To allow for mutual unobstructed action"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To function in harmony, side by side"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To function in harmony, side by side"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To engage in economic cooperation."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cooperation",
          "cooperation"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To engage in economic cooperation."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/koʊˈɒpəɹeɪt/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuˈɒpəɹeɪt/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɒpəɹeɪt"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-cooperate.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bb/En-us-cooperate.ogg/En-us-cooperate.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/En-us-cooperate.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-cooperate.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ad/En-cooperate.ogg/En-cooperate.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/En-cooperate.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-uk-cooperate.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/En-uk-cooperate.ogg/En-uk-cooperate.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/En-uk-cooperate.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (UK)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "coact"
    },
    {
      "word": "coadjute"
    },
    {
      "word": "co-op"
    },
    {
      "word": "make common cause"
    },
    {
      "word": "play ball"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ],
      "word": "co-operate"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "uncommon"
      ],
      "word": "coöperate"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "taʕāwana",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "تَعَاوَنَ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "hamagorcakcʻel",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "համագործակցել"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "supracóŭničacʹ",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "супрацо́ўнічаць"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "sǎtrúdniča",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "сътру́днича"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "cooperar"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "hézuò",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "合作"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "協力"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "xiélì",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "协力"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "yīlì",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "一力"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "spolupracovat"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "samarbejde"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "samenwerken"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "kunlabori"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "kunagi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "tehdä yhteistyötä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "toimia yhteistyössä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "coopérer"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "collaborer"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "cooperar"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "zusammenarbeiten"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "kooperieren"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "sumprássō",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "συμπράσσω"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "leshatef pe'ula",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "לשתף פעולה"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "sahyog karnā",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "सहयोग करना"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "együttműködik"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "kooperál"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "vinna saman"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "cooperare"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "collaborare"
    },
    {
      "alt": "きょうりょくする",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "kyōryoku suru",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "協力する"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "hyeomnyeokhada",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "협력하다"
    },
    {
      "code": "lo",
      "lang": "Lao",
      "roman": "hūam mū",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "ຮ່ວມໝູ່"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "bendradarbiauti"
    },
    {
      "code": "lb",
      "lang": "Luxembourgish",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "cooperéieren"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "sorabotuva",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "соработува"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "bekerjasama"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "samarbeide"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "efnwyrċan"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "współpracować"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "cooperar"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "colaborar"
    },
    {
      "code": "qu",
      "lang": "Quechua",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "yanapay"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "coopera"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "sotrúdničatʹ",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "сотру́дничать"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "kooperírovatʹ",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "коопери́ровать"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "сарађивати"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "сурађивати"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "sarađivati"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "surađivati"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "spolupracovať"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "sodelovati"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "cooperar"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "samarbeta"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "samverka"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "sahakariñcu",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "సహకరించు"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "rûuam-mʉʉ",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "ร่วมมือ"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "spivpracjuváty",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "співпрацюва́ти"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "cộng tác"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "to work together",
      "word": "cydweithio"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "function in harmony, side by side",
      "word": "samspille"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "function in harmony, side by side",
      "word": "harmonieren"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "function in harmony, side by side",
      "word": "zusammenspielen"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "function in harmony, side by side",
      "word": "samspela"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cooperate"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.