See camouflage in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "active camouflage"
},
{
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"word": "anticamouflage"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "by abbreviation",
"word": "camo"
},
{
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"word": "Camotint"
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{
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"word": "camouflage discipline"
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{
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"word": "camouflage net"
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{
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"word": "camouflagic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "camouflanguage"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dazzle camouflage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "immunocamouflage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spamouflage"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"4": "*mewH-",
"5": "*mel-",
"6": "*pel-",
"id1": "head",
"id4": "skin"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "camouflage"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "camuffare",
"t": "to muffle the head"
},
"expansion": "Italian camuffare (“to muffle the head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "capo",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Italian capo (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "muffula",
"4": "muffula, muffla",
"t": "muff"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (“muff”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "muffle"
},
"expansion": "English muffle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*molfell",
"t": "soft garment made of hide"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "molawēn",
"t": "to soften"
},
"expansion": "Old High German molawēn (“to soften”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "molwic",
"t": "soft"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German molwic (“soft”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fellą",
"t": "skin, film, fleece"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*muffël",
"t": "a muff, wrap, envelope"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*mawwō",
"t": "sleeve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mawwō (“sleeve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fellą",
"t": "skin, film, fleece"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage, from camoufler (“to veil, disguise”), alteration (due to camouflet (“smoke blown in one's face”)) of Italian camuffare (“to muffle the head”), from ca- (from Italian capo (“head”)) + muffare (“to muffle”), from Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (“muff”). This Medieval Latin, from which there is also English muffle, is either derived from a Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”) from *mol (“softened, forworn”) (akin to Old High German molawēn (“to soften”), Middle High German molwic (“soft”)) + *fell (“hide, skin”), from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”), or, an alternate etymology traces it to a Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”) composed of *mauwa (“sleeve, wrap”) from Proto-Germanic *mawwō (“sleeve”) + *fell (“skin, hide”) from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "camouflages",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "camouflage (countable and uncountable, plural camouflages)",
"name": "en-noun"
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],
"hyphenation": [
"cam‧ou‧flage"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "camoufleur"
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],
"glosses": [
"A disguise or covering up."
],
"id": "en-camouflage-en-noun-6q-gTIYl",
"links": [
[
"disguise",
"disguise"
],
[
"covering up",
"cover up"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tamwīh",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "تَمْوِيه"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "maskirovka",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "маскировка"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "maska"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "převlek"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "převlečení"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "předstírání"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "naamiointi"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "valeasu"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "déguisement"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflaxe"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tarnmaterial"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "kamuflázs"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "álca"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "álcaháló"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "álcázóanyag"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "duaithníocht"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "meisai",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "迷彩"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "forkledning"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "estetâr",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "استتار"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflaż"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barwa ochronna"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kolor ochronny"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflagem"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "camuflaj"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kamufljáž",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "камуфля́ж"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "maskiróvka",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "маскиро́вка"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "kılık değiştirme"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cuddliw"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ffugliw"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The act of disguising."
],
"id": "en-camouflage-en-noun-C3cAc5u9",
"links": [
[
"disguising",
"disguise"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "maskirane",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "маскиране"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "maskování"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "kamufli"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "naamiointi"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camouflage"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflaxe"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tarnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "álcázás"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "leplezés"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "rejtőzködés"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "duaithníocht"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "camuffaggio"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "whakatūrehutanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "whakatārehutanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "forkledning"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barwa ochronna"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "maskowanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kolor ochronny"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflagem"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflare"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kamufljáž",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "камуфля́ж"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "maskiróvka",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "маскиро́вка"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "kılık değiştirme"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "en:Military",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "27 1 13 22 8 16 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "en:Human behaviour",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The use of natural or artificial material on personnel, objects, or tactical positions with the aim of confusing, misleading, or evading the enemy."
],
"id": "en-camouflage-en-noun-~BX6CL3K",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"artificial",
"artificial"
],
[
"material",
"material"
],
[
"personnel",
"personnel"
],
[
"objects",
"objects"
],
[
"tactical positions",
"tactical positions"
],
[
"aim",
"aim"
],
[
"confusing",
"confusing"
],
[
"misleading",
"misleading"
],
[
"evading",
"evading"
],
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(military) The use of natural or artificial material on personnel, objects, or tactical positions with the aim of confusing, misleading, or evading the enemy."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kamuflyaž",
"sense": "military",
"word": "կամուֆլյաժ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "nerkakʻoġarkum",
"sense": "military",
"word": "ներկաքողարկում"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kamuflaž",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "камуфлаж"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "maskování"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zamaskování"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "military",
"word": "kamuflo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "military",
"word": "naamiointi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camouflage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflaxe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳamuplaži",
"sense": "military",
"word": "კამუფლაჟი"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tarnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Tarnung"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Camouflage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kamoufláz",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "καμουφλάζ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "military",
"word": "álcázás"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mimetizzazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasje"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflering"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflaż"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barwa ochronna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kolor ochronny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflagem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kamufljáž",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "камуфля́ж"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "maskiróvka",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "маскиро́вка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kamouflage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "maskering"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Textiles",
"orig": "en:Textiles",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "34 4 6 31 7 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 3 8 23 20 6 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 1 13 22 8 16 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "en:Human behaviour",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A pattern on clothing consisting of irregularly shaped patches that are either greenish/brownish, brownish/whitish, or bluish/whitish, as used by ground combat forces."
],
"id": "en-camouflage-en-noun-3c9Aj8qo",
"links": [
[
"textiles",
"textiles"
],
[
"pattern",
"pattern"
],
[
"clothing",
"clothing"
],
[
"irregular",
"irregular"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"patch",
"patch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(textiles) A pattern on clothing consisting of irregularly shaped patches that are either greenish/brownish, brownish/whitish, or bluish/whitish, as used by ground combat forces."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mícǎi",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "迷彩"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "maskování"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "maastokuvio"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tarnmuster"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "terepminta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "迷彩"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasje"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kamouflage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "ลายพราง"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Biology",
"orig": "en:Biology",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "28 3 8 23 20 6 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 3 5 17 35 6 22",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Appearance",
"orig": "en:Appearance",
"parents": [
"Perception",
"Body",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 7 3 76 7 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ethology",
"orig": "en:Ethology",
"parents": [
"Zoology",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7:",
"text": "Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close[…]above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them. Many insects probably use this strategy, which is a close analogy to crypsis in the visible world—camouflage and other methods for blending into one’s visual background.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Resemblance of an organism to its surroundings for avoiding detection."
],
"id": "en-camouflage-en-noun-yD55B5SQ",
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"organism",
"organism"
],
[
"detection",
"detection"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology) Resemblance of an organism to its surroundings for avoiding detection."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "mimikry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "suojaväritys"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "camouflage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflaxe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Tarnung"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kamoufláz",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "καμουφλάζ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "kamouflaj"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "álcázás"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "mimikri"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "kamuflázs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasje"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "beskyttelseslikhet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mimikry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vernelikhet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflagem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kamouflage"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 1 13 22 8 16 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "en:Human behaviour",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Clothes made from camouflage fabric, for concealment in combat or hunting."
],
"id": "en-camouflage-en-noun-4vTnovgC",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 4 66",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mícǎifú",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "迷彩服"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 4 66",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "maskáče"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 4 66",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "maastopuku"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 4 66",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Tarnanzug"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 4 66",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "terepszínű egyenruha"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 4 66",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "terepmintás ruha"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 4 66",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "迷彩服"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 4 66",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasjedrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 4 66",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasjeuniform"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 4 66",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "kamouflagekläder"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 4 66",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "ลายพราง"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "camouflage"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"4": "*mewH-",
"5": "*mel-",
"6": "*pel-",
"id1": "head",
"id4": "skin"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "camouflage"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "camuffare",
"t": "to muffle the head"
},
"expansion": "Italian camuffare (“to muffle the head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "capo",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Italian capo (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "muffula",
"4": "muffula, muffla",
"t": "muff"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (“muff”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "muffle"
},
"expansion": "English muffle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*molfell",
"t": "soft garment made of hide"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "molawēn",
"t": "to soften"
},
"expansion": "Old High German molawēn (“to soften”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "molwic",
"t": "soft"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German molwic (“soft”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fellą",
"t": "skin, film, fleece"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*muffël",
"t": "a muff, wrap, envelope"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*mawwō",
"t": "sleeve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mawwō (“sleeve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fellą",
"t": "skin, film, fleece"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage, from camoufler (“to veil, disguise”), alteration (due to camouflet (“smoke blown in one's face”)) of Italian camuffare (“to muffle the head”), from ca- (from Italian capo (“head”)) + muffare (“to muffle”), from Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (“muff”). This Medieval Latin, from which there is also English muffle, is either derived from a Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”) from *mol (“softened, forworn”) (akin to Old High German molawēn (“to soften”), Middle High German molwic (“soft”)) + *fell (“hide, skin”), from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”), or, an alternate etymology traces it to a Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”) composed of *mauwa (“sleeve, wrap”) from Proto-Germanic *mawwō (“sleeve”) + *fell (“skin, hide”) from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "camouflages",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "camouflaging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "camouflaged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "camouflaged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "camouflage (third-person singular simple present camouflages, present participle camouflaging, simple past and past participle camouflaged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cam‧ou‧flage"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 4 6 31 7 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 3 8 23 20 6 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 1 13 22 8 16 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "en:Human behaviour",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "camo"
},
{
"word": "camouflageable"
},
{
"word": "camouflager"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1960 January, “New reading on railways”, in Trains Illustrated, page 26:",
"text": "THE CONCISE ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF WORLD RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVES. Edited by P. Ransome-Wallis. Hutchinson. 50s.\nA gaudy jacket, remarkably out of keeping with the contents, camouflages the weightiest and meatiest work on a railway topic since the war.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1962 October, Brian Haresnape, “Focus on B.R. passenger stations”, in Modern Railways, pages 250–251:",
"text": "Elegant brick and stone buildings, with iron and glass canopies and decorative wooden scalloping and fencing—all evidencing care on the part of the architect to produce a pleasing, well-planned building—were submerged beneath a profusion of ill-conceived additions and camouflaged by vulgar paint schemes; and the original conception was lost.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To hide or disguise something by covering it up or changing the way it looks."
],
"id": "en-camouflage-en-verb-Y3OWIoWP",
"links": [
[
"hide",
"hide"
],
[
"disguise",
"disguise"
],
[
"cover",
"cover up"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "kamuflatu"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zamaskirvam",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "замаскирвам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflar"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camouflere"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "sløre"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camoufleren"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "naamioida"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camoufler"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "tarnen"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hisvá",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "הסווה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "álcáz"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "duaithnigh"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuffare"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camoufléieren"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "whakatārehu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "whakatūrehu"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "kamuflere"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "maskere"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "maskować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camufla"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflajear"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "kamouflera"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "maskera"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "cuddliwio"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"word": "camouflage"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kap- (head)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mel-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mewH-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pel- (skin)",
"English unadapted borrowings from French",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for gender in Albanian entries",
"Requests for gender in Hindi entries",
"Requests for gender in Lithuanian entries",
"Requests for review of Albanian translations",
"Requests for review of Basque translations",
"Requests for review of Danish translations",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of Estonian translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Hebrew translations",
"Requests for review of Hindi translations",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Appearance",
"en:Ethology",
"en:Human behaviour"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "active camouflage"
},
{
"word": "anticamouflage"
},
{
"english": "by abbreviation",
"word": "camo"
},
{
"word": "Camotint"
},
{
"word": "camouflage discipline"
},
{
"word": "camouflage net"
},
{
"word": "camouflagic"
},
{
"word": "camouflanguage"
},
{
"word": "dazzle camouflage"
},
{
"word": "immunocamouflage"
},
{
"word": "spamouflage"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"4": "*mewH-",
"5": "*mel-",
"6": "*pel-",
"id1": "head",
"id4": "skin"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "camouflage"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "camuffare",
"t": "to muffle the head"
},
"expansion": "Italian camuffare (“to muffle the head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "capo",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Italian capo (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "muffula",
"4": "muffula, muffla",
"t": "muff"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (“muff”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "muffle"
},
"expansion": "English muffle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*molfell",
"t": "soft garment made of hide"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "molawēn",
"t": "to soften"
},
"expansion": "Old High German molawēn (“to soften”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "molwic",
"t": "soft"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German molwic (“soft”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fellą",
"t": "skin, film, fleece"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*muffël",
"t": "a muff, wrap, envelope"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*mawwō",
"t": "sleeve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mawwō (“sleeve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fellą",
"t": "skin, film, fleece"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage, from camoufler (“to veil, disguise”), alteration (due to camouflet (“smoke blown in one's face”)) of Italian camuffare (“to muffle the head”), from ca- (from Italian capo (“head”)) + muffare (“to muffle”), from Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (“muff”). This Medieval Latin, from which there is also English muffle, is either derived from a Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”) from *mol (“softened, forworn”) (akin to Old High German molawēn (“to soften”), Middle High German molwic (“soft”)) + *fell (“hide, skin”), from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”), or, an alternate etymology traces it to a Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”) composed of *mauwa (“sleeve, wrap”) from Proto-Germanic *mawwō (“sleeve”) + *fell (“skin, hide”) from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "camouflages",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "camouflage (countable and uncountable, plural camouflages)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cam‧ou‧flage"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "camoufleur"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A disguise or covering up."
],
"links": [
[
"disguise",
"disguise"
],
[
"covering up",
"cover up"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The act of disguising."
],
"links": [
[
"disguising",
"disguise"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"The use of natural or artificial material on personnel, objects, or tactical positions with the aim of confusing, misleading, or evading the enemy."
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"artificial",
"artificial"
],
[
"material",
"material"
],
[
"personnel",
"personnel"
],
[
"objects",
"objects"
],
[
"tactical positions",
"tactical positions"
],
[
"aim",
"aim"
],
[
"confusing",
"confusing"
],
[
"misleading",
"misleading"
],
[
"evading",
"evading"
],
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(military) The use of natural or artificial material on personnel, objects, or tactical positions with the aim of confusing, misleading, or evading the enemy."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Textiles"
],
"glosses": [
"A pattern on clothing consisting of irregularly shaped patches that are either greenish/brownish, brownish/whitish, or bluish/whitish, as used by ground combat forces."
],
"links": [
[
"textiles",
"textiles"
],
[
"pattern",
"pattern"
],
[
"clothing",
"clothing"
],
[
"irregular",
"irregular"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"patch",
"patch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(textiles) A pattern on clothing consisting of irregularly shaped patches that are either greenish/brownish, brownish/whitish, or bluish/whitish, as used by ground combat forces."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Biology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7:",
"text": "Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close[…]above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them. Many insects probably use this strategy, which is a close analogy to crypsis in the visible world—camouflage and other methods for blending into one’s visual background.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Resemblance of an organism to its surroundings for avoiding detection."
],
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"organism",
"organism"
],
[
"detection",
"detection"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology) Resemblance of an organism to its surroundings for avoiding detection."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Clothes made from camouflage fabric, for concealment in combat or hunting."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tamwīh",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "تَمْوِيه"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "maskirovka",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "маскировка"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "maska"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "převlek"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "převlečení"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "předstírání"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "naamiointi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "valeasu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "déguisement"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflaxe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tarnmaterial"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "kamuflázs"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "álca"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "álcaháló"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "álcázóanyag"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "duaithníocht"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "meisai",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "迷彩"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "forkledning"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "estetâr",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "استتار"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflaż"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barwa ochronna"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kolor ochronny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflagem"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "camuflaj"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kamufljáž",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "камуфля́ж"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "maskiróvka",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "маскиро́вка"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "kılık değiştirme"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cuddliw"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ffugliw"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "maskirane",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "маскиране"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "maskování"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "kamufli"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "naamiointi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camouflage"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflaxe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tarnen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "álcázás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "leplezés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "rejtőzködés"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "duaithníocht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "camuffaggio"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "whakatūrehutanga"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "whakatārehutanga"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "forkledning"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barwa ochronna"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "maskowanie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kolor ochronny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflagem"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kamufljáž",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "камуфля́ж"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "maskiróvka",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "маскиро́вка"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "kılık değiştirme"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kamuflyaž",
"sense": "military",
"word": "կամուֆլյաժ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "nerkakʻoġarkum",
"sense": "military",
"word": "ներկաքողարկում"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kamuflaž",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "камуфлаж"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "maskování"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zamaskování"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "military",
"word": "kamuflo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "military",
"word": "naamiointi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camouflage"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflaxe"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳamuplaži",
"sense": "military",
"word": "კამუფლაჟი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tarnen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Tarnung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Camouflage"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kamoufláz",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "καμουφλάζ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "military",
"word": "álcázás"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mimetizzazione"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasje"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflering"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflaż"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barwa ochronna"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kolor ochronny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflagem"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kamufljáž",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "камуфля́ж"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "maskiróvka",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "маскиро́вка"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kamouflage"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "maskering"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mícǎi",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "迷彩"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "maskování"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "maastokuvio"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tarnmuster"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "terepminta"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "迷彩"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasje"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kamouflage"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "ลายพราง"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "mimikry"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "suojaväritys"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "camouflage"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflaxe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Tarnung"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kamoufláz",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "καμουφλάζ"
},
{
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "kamouflaj"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "álcázás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "mimikri"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "kamuflázs"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasje"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "beskyttelseslikhet"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mimikry"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vernelikhet"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflagem"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kamouflage"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mícǎifú",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "迷彩服"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "maskáče"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "maastopuku"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Tarnanzug"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "terepszínű egyenruha"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "terepmintás ruha"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "迷彩服"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasjedrakt"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasjeuniform"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "kamouflagekläder"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "ลายพราง"
}
],
"word": "camouflage"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kap- (head)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mel-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mewH-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pel- (skin)",
"English unadapted borrowings from French",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for gender in Albanian entries",
"Requests for gender in Hindi entries",
"Requests for gender in Lithuanian entries",
"Requests for review of Albanian translations",
"Requests for review of Basque translations",
"Requests for review of Danish translations",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of Estonian translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Hebrew translations",
"Requests for review of Hindi translations",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Appearance",
"en:Ethology",
"en:Human behaviour"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "camo"
},
{
"word": "camouflageable"
},
{
"word": "camouflager"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"4": "*mewH-",
"5": "*mel-",
"6": "*pel-",
"id1": "head",
"id4": "skin"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "camouflage"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "camuffare",
"t": "to muffle the head"
},
"expansion": "Italian camuffare (“to muffle the head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "capo",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Italian capo (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "muffula",
"4": "muffula, muffla",
"t": "muff"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (“muff”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "muffle"
},
"expansion": "English muffle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*molfell",
"t": "soft garment made of hide"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "molawēn",
"t": "to soften"
},
"expansion": "Old High German molawēn (“to soften”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "molwic",
"t": "soft"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German molwic (“soft”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fellą",
"t": "skin, film, fleece"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*muffël",
"t": "a muff, wrap, envelope"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*mawwō",
"t": "sleeve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mawwō (“sleeve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fellą",
"t": "skin, film, fleece"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage, from camoufler (“to veil, disguise”), alteration (due to camouflet (“smoke blown in one's face”)) of Italian camuffare (“to muffle the head”), from ca- (from Italian capo (“head”)) + muffare (“to muffle”), from Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (“muff”). This Medieval Latin, from which there is also English muffle, is either derived from a Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”) from *mol (“softened, forworn”) (akin to Old High German molawēn (“to soften”), Middle High German molwic (“soft”)) + *fell (“hide, skin”), from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”), or, an alternate etymology traces it to a Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”) composed of *mauwa (“sleeve, wrap”) from Proto-Germanic *mawwō (“sleeve”) + *fell (“skin, hide”) from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "camouflages",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "camouflaging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "camouflaged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "camouflaged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "camouflage (third-person singular simple present camouflages, present participle camouflaging, simple past and past participle camouflaged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cam‧ou‧flage"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1960 January, “New reading on railways”, in Trains Illustrated, page 26:",
"text": "THE CONCISE ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF WORLD RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVES. Edited by P. Ransome-Wallis. Hutchinson. 50s.\nA gaudy jacket, remarkably out of keeping with the contents, camouflages the weightiest and meatiest work on a railway topic since the war.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1962 October, Brian Haresnape, “Focus on B.R. passenger stations”, in Modern Railways, pages 250–251:",
"text": "Elegant brick and stone buildings, with iron and glass canopies and decorative wooden scalloping and fencing—all evidencing care on the part of the architect to produce a pleasing, well-planned building—were submerged beneath a profusion of ill-conceived additions and camouflaged by vulgar paint schemes; and the original conception was lost.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To hide or disguise something by covering it up or changing the way it looks."
],
"links": [
[
"hide",
"hide"
],
[
"disguise",
"disguise"
],
[
"cover",
"cover up"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "kamuflatu"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zamaskirvam",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "замаскирвам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflar"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camouflere"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "sløre"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camoufleren"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "naamioida"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camoufler"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "tarnen"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hisvá",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "הסווה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "álcáz"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "duaithnigh"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuffare"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camoufléieren"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "whakatārehu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "whakatūrehu"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "kamuflere"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "maskere"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "maskować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camufla"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflajear"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "kamouflera"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "maskera"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "cuddliwio"
}
],
"word": "camouflage"
}
Download raw JSONL data for camouflage meaning in English (32.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.