See camouflage on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for camouflage meaning in All languages combined (38.8kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "active camouflage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "anticamouflage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "by abbreviation",
"word": "camo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "camouflage discipline"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "camouflage net"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dazzle camouflage"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "camouflage"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "camoufler",
"t": "to veil, disguise"
},
"expansion": "camoufler (“to veil, disguise”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "camouflet",
"t": "smoke blown in one's face"
},
"expansion": "camouflet (“smoke blown in one's face”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "camuffare",
"t": "to muffle the head"
},
"expansion": "Italian camuffare (“to muffle the head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ca-"
},
"expansion": "ca-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "capo",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Italian capo (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "muffare",
"t": "to muffle"
},
"expansion": "muffare (“to muffle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "muffula",
"4": "muffula, muffla",
"t": "muff"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (“muff”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "muffle"
},
"expansion": "English muffle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*molfell",
"t": "soft garment made of hide"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*mol",
"t": "softened, forworn"
},
"expansion": "*mol (“softened, forworn”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "molawēn",
"t": "to soften"
},
"expansion": "Old High German molawēn (“to soften”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "molwic",
"t": "soft"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German molwic (“soft”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*fell",
"t": "hide, skin"
},
"expansion": "*fell (“hide, skin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fellą",
"t": "skin, film, fleece"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*muffël",
"t": "a muff, wrap, envelope"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*mauwu",
"3": "*mauwa",
"t": "sleeve, wrap"
},
"expansion": "*mauwa (“sleeve, wrap”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*mawwō",
"t": "sleeve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mawwō (“sleeve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*fell",
"t": "skin, hide"
},
"expansion": "*fell (“skin, hide”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fellą",
"t": "skin, film, fleece"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage, from camoufler (“to veil, disguise”), alteration (due to camouflet (“smoke blown in one's face”)) of Italian camuffare (“to muffle the head”), from ca- (from Italian capo (“head”)) + muffare (“to muffle”), from Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (“muff”). This Medieval Latin, from which there is also English muffle, is either derived from a Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”) from *mol (“softened, forworn”) (akin to Old High German molawēn (“to soften”), Middle High German molwic (“soft”)) + *fell (“hide, skin”), from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”), or, an alternate etymology traces it to a Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”) composed of *mauwa (“sleeve, wrap”) from Proto-Germanic *mawwō (“sleeve”) + *fell (“skin, hide”) from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "camouflages",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "camouflage (countable and uncountable, plural camouflages)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cam‧ou‧flage"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "camoufleur"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 1 7 23 10 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 1 13 20 15 19 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "en:Human behaviour",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A disguise or covering up."
],
"id": "en-camouflage-en-noun-6q-gTIYl",
"links": [
[
"disguise",
"disguise"
],
[
"covering up",
"cover up"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tamwīh",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "تَمْوِيه"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "maskirovka",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "маскировка"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "maska"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "převlek"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "převlečení"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "předstírání"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "naamiointi"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "valeasu"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "déguisement"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflaxe"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tarnmaterial"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "kamuflázs"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "álca"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "álcaháló"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "álcázóanyag"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "duaithníocht"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "meisai",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "迷彩"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "forkledning"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "estetâr",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "استتار"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflaż"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barwa ochronna"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kolor ochronny"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflagem"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kamufljáž",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "камуфля́ж"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "maskiróvka",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "маскиро́вка"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "kılık değiştirme"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cuddliw"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 28 3 5 4 3",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ffugliw"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The act of disguising."
],
"id": "en-camouflage-en-noun-C3cAc5u9",
"links": [
[
"disguising",
"disguise"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "maskirane",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "маскиране"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "maskování"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "kamufli"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "naamiointi"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camouflage"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflaxe"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tarnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "álcázás"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "leplezés"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "rejtőzködés"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "duaithníocht"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "camuffaggio"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "whakatūrehutanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "whakatārehutanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "forkledning"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barwa ochronna"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "maskowanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kolor ochronny"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflagem"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kamufljáž",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "камуфля́ж"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "maskiróvka",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "маскиро́вка"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 87 1 2 1 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "kılık değiştirme"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "en:Military",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "21 1 13 20 15 19 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "en:Human behaviour",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The use of natural or artificial material on personnel, objects, or tactical positions with the aim of confusing, misleading, or evading the enemy."
],
"id": "en-camouflage-en-noun-~BX6CL3K",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"artificial",
"artificial"
],
[
"material",
"material"
],
[
"personnel",
"personnel"
],
[
"objects",
"objects"
],
[
"tactical positions",
"tactical positions"
],
[
"aim",
"aim"
],
[
"confusing",
"confusing"
],
[
"misleading",
"misleading"
],
[
"evading",
"evading"
],
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(military) The use of natural or artificial material on personnel, objects, or tactical positions with the aim of confusing, misleading, or evading the enemy."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kamuflyaž",
"sense": "military",
"word": "կամուֆլյաժ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "nerkakʿoġarkum",
"sense": "military",
"word": "ներկաքողարկում"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kamuflaž",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "камуфлаж"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "maskování"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zamaskování"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "military",
"word": "kamuflo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "military",
"word": "naamiointi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camouflage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflaxe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳamuplaži",
"sense": "military",
"word": "კამუფლაჟი"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tarnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Tarnung"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Camouflage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kamoufláz",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "καμουφλάζ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "military",
"word": "álcázás"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mimetizzazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasje"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflering"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflaż"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barwa ochronna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kolor ochronny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflagem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kamufljáž",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "камуфля́ж"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "maskiróvka",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "маскиро́вка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kamouflage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 61 19 0 20",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "maskering"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Textiles",
"orig": "en:Textiles",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "21 1 13 20 15 19 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "en:Human behaviour",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A pattern on clothing consisting of irregularly shaped patches that are either greenish/brownish, brownish/whitish, or bluish/whitish, as used by ground combat forces."
],
"id": "en-camouflage-en-noun-3c9Aj8qo",
"links": [
[
"textiles",
"textiles"
],
[
"pattern",
"pattern"
],
[
"clothing",
"clothing"
],
[
"irregular",
"irregular"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"patch",
"patch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(textiles) A pattern on clothing consisting of irregularly shaped patches that are either greenish/brownish, brownish/whitish, or bluish/whitish, as used by ground combat forces."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mícǎi",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "迷彩"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "maskování"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "maastokuvio"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tarnmuster"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "terepminta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "迷彩"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasje"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kamouflage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "ลายพราง"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Biology",
"orig": "en:Biology",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 2 10 16 33 12 18",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Appearance",
"orig": "en:Appearance",
"parents": [
"Perception",
"Body",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 7 3 76 7 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ethology",
"orig": "en:Ethology",
"parents": [
"Zoology",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 1 13 20 15 19 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "en:Human behaviour",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7",
"text": "Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close[…]above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them. Many insects probably use this strategy, which is a close analogy to crypsis in the visible world—camouflage and other methods for blending into one’s visual background.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Resemblance of an organism to its surroundings for avoiding detection."
],
"id": "en-camouflage-en-noun-yD55B5SQ",
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"organism",
"organism"
],
[
"detection",
"detection"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology) Resemblance of an organism to its surroundings for avoiding detection."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "mimikry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "suojaväritys"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "camouflage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflaxe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Tarnung"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kamoufláz",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "καμουφλάζ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "kamouflaj"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "álcázás"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "mimikri"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "kamuflázs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasje"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "beskyttelseslikhet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mimikry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vernelikhet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflagem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kamouflage"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 1 13 20 15 19 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "en:Human behaviour",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Clothes made from camouflage fabric, for concealment in combat or hunting."
],
"id": "en-camouflage-en-noun-4vTnovgC",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 6 65",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mícǎifú",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "迷彩服"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 6 65",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "maskáče"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 6 65",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "maastopuku"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 6 65",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Tarnanzug"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 6 65",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "terepszínű egyenruha"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 6 65",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "terepmintás ruha"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 6 65",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "迷彩服"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 6 65",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasjedrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 6 65",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasjeuniform"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 6 65",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "kamouflagekläder"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 5 11 6 65",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "ลายพราง"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "camouflage"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "camouflage"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "camoufler",
"t": "to veil, disguise"
},
"expansion": "camoufler (“to veil, disguise”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "camouflet",
"t": "smoke blown in one's face"
},
"expansion": "camouflet (“smoke blown in one's face”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "camuffare",
"t": "to muffle the head"
},
"expansion": "Italian camuffare (“to muffle the head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ca-"
},
"expansion": "ca-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "capo",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Italian capo (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "muffare",
"t": "to muffle"
},
"expansion": "muffare (“to muffle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "muffula",
"4": "muffula, muffla",
"t": "muff"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (“muff”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "muffle"
},
"expansion": "English muffle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*molfell",
"t": "soft garment made of hide"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*mol",
"t": "softened, forworn"
},
"expansion": "*mol (“softened, forworn”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "molawēn",
"t": "to soften"
},
"expansion": "Old High German molawēn (“to soften”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "molwic",
"t": "soft"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German molwic (“soft”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*fell",
"t": "hide, skin"
},
"expansion": "*fell (“hide, skin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fellą",
"t": "skin, film, fleece"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*muffël",
"t": "a muff, wrap, envelope"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*mauwu",
"3": "*mauwa",
"t": "sleeve, wrap"
},
"expansion": "*mauwa (“sleeve, wrap”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*mawwō",
"t": "sleeve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mawwō (“sleeve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*fell",
"t": "skin, hide"
},
"expansion": "*fell (“skin, hide”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fellą",
"t": "skin, film, fleece"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage, from camoufler (“to veil, disguise”), alteration (due to camouflet (“smoke blown in one's face”)) of Italian camuffare (“to muffle the head”), from ca- (from Italian capo (“head”)) + muffare (“to muffle”), from Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (“muff”). This Medieval Latin, from which there is also English muffle, is either derived from a Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”) from *mol (“softened, forworn”) (akin to Old High German molawēn (“to soften”), Middle High German molwic (“soft”)) + *fell (“hide, skin”), from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”), or, an alternate etymology traces it to a Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”) composed of *mauwa (“sleeve, wrap”) from Proto-Germanic *mawwō (“sleeve”) + *fell (“skin, hide”) from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "camouflages",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "camouflaging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "camouflaged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "camouflaged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "camouflage (third-person singular simple present camouflages, present participle camouflaging, simple past and past participle camouflaged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cam‧ou‧flage"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 1 13 20 15 19 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "en:Human behaviour",
"parents": [
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "camo"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1960 January, “New reading on railways”, in Trains Illustrated, page 26",
"text": "THE CONCISE ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF WORLD RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVES. Edited by P. Ransome-Wallis. Hutchinson. 50s.\nA gaudy jacket, remarkably out of keeping with the contents, camouflages the weightiest and meatiest work on a railway topic since the war.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1962 October, Brian Haresnape, “Focus on B.R. passenger stations”, in Modern Railways, pages 250–251",
"text": "Elegant brick and stone buildings, with iron and glass canopies and decorative wooden scalloping and fencing—all evidencing care on the part of the architect to produce a pleasing, well-planned building—were submerged beneath a profusion of ill-conceived additions and camouflaged by vulgar paint schemes; and the original conception was lost.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To hide or disguise something by covering it up or changing the way it looks."
],
"id": "en-camouflage-en-verb-Y3OWIoWP",
"links": [
[
"hide",
"hide"
],
[
"disguise",
"disguise"
],
[
"cover",
"cover up"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "kamuflatu"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zamaskirvam",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "замаскирвам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflar"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camouflere"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "sløre"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camoufleren"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "naamioida"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camoufler"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "tarnen"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hisvá",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "הסווה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "álcáz"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "duaithnigh"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuffare"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camoufléieren"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "whakatārehu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "whakatūrehu"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "kamuflere"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "maskere"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "maskować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflajear"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "kamouflera"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "maskera"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "cuddliwio"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "camouflage"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "kamuflase",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Indonesian: kamuflase",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Indonesian: kamuflase"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "kamûflaazje",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ West Frisian: kamûflaazje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ West Frisian: kamûflaazje"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "camouflage"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "camouflages",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-s",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "camouflage f (plural camouflages)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ca‧mou‧fla‧ge"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "camouflagekleur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"camouflage"
],
"id": "en-camouflage-nl-noun-1Ru2dFMW",
"links": [
[
"camouflage",
"camouflage#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "camoufleren"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌkaː.muˈflaː.ʒə/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːʒə"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-camouflage.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/Nl-camouflage.ogg/Nl-camouflage.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Nl-camouflage.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "camouflage"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "camouflage",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: camouflage",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: camouflage"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "カモフラージュ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: カモフラージュ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: カモフラージュ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Camouflage",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Camouflage",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Camouflage"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "καμουφλάζ",
"bor": "1",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: καμουφλάζ n (kamoufláz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: καμουφλάζ n (kamoufláz)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "카무플라주",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 카무플라주 (kamupeullaju)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 카무플라주 (kamupeullaju)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "kamuflasje",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: kamuflasje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: kamuflasje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "camuflaj",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: camuflaj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: camuflaj"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "камуфля́ж",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: камуфля́ж (kamufljáž)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: камуфля́ж (kamufljáž) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kamuflaj",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: kamuflaj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: kamuflaj"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "camoufler",
"3": "-age",
"gloss1": "disguise, to hide"
},
"expansion": "camoufler (“disguise, to hide”) + -age",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From camoufler (“disguise, to hide”) + -age (noun-forming suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "camouflages",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "camouflage m (plural camouflages)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French terms suffixed with -age",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Appearance",
"orig": "fr:Appearance",
"parents": [
"Perception",
"Body",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Ethology",
"orig": "fr:Ethology",
"parents": [
"Zoology",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"camouflage"
],
"id": "en-camouflage-fr-noun-1Ru2dFMW",
"links": [
[
"camouflage",
"camouflage#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.mu.flaʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Poslovitch-camouflage.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-camouflage.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-camouflage.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-camouflage.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-camouflage.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DSwissK-camouflage.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-camouflage.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-camouflage.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-camouflage.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-camouflage.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Switzerland"
],
"text": "Audio (Switzerland)"
}
],
"word": "camouflage"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "camouflagekleur"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "kamuflase",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Indonesian: kamuflase",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Indonesian: kamuflase"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "kamûflaazje",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ West Frisian: kamûflaazje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ West Frisian: kamûflaazje"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "camouflage"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "camouflages",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-s",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "camouflage f (plural camouflages)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ca‧mou‧fla‧ge"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "camoufleren"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch feminine nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
"Dutch terms borrowed from French",
"Dutch terms derived from French",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch unadapted borrowings from French",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːʒə"
],
"glosses": [
"camouflage"
],
"links": [
[
"camouflage",
"camouflage#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌkaː.muˈflaː.ʒə/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːʒə"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-camouflage.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/Nl-camouflage.ogg/Nl-camouflage.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Nl-camouflage.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "camouflage"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English unadapted borrowings from French",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Requests for gender in Albanian entries",
"Requests for gender in Hindi entries",
"Requests for gender in Lithuanian entries",
"Requests for review of Albanian translations",
"Requests for review of Basque translations",
"Requests for review of Danish translations",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of Estonian translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Hebrew translations",
"Requests for review of Hindi translations",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"en:Appearance",
"en:Ethology",
"en:Human behaviour"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "active camouflage"
},
{
"word": "anticamouflage"
},
{
"english": "by abbreviation",
"word": "camo"
},
{
"word": "camouflage discipline"
},
{
"word": "camouflage net"
},
{
"word": "dazzle camouflage"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "camouflage"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "camoufler",
"t": "to veil, disguise"
},
"expansion": "camoufler (“to veil, disguise”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "camouflet",
"t": "smoke blown in one's face"
},
"expansion": "camouflet (“smoke blown in one's face”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "camuffare",
"t": "to muffle the head"
},
"expansion": "Italian camuffare (“to muffle the head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ca-"
},
"expansion": "ca-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "capo",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Italian capo (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "muffare",
"t": "to muffle"
},
"expansion": "muffare (“to muffle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "muffula",
"4": "muffula, muffla",
"t": "muff"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (“muff”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "muffle"
},
"expansion": "English muffle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*molfell",
"t": "soft garment made of hide"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*mol",
"t": "softened, forworn"
},
"expansion": "*mol (“softened, forworn”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "molawēn",
"t": "to soften"
},
"expansion": "Old High German molawēn (“to soften”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "molwic",
"t": "soft"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German molwic (“soft”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*fell",
"t": "hide, skin"
},
"expansion": "*fell (“hide, skin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fellą",
"t": "skin, film, fleece"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*muffël",
"t": "a muff, wrap, envelope"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*mauwu",
"3": "*mauwa",
"t": "sleeve, wrap"
},
"expansion": "*mauwa (“sleeve, wrap”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*mawwō",
"t": "sleeve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mawwō (“sleeve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*fell",
"t": "skin, hide"
},
"expansion": "*fell (“skin, hide”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fellą",
"t": "skin, film, fleece"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage, from camoufler (“to veil, disguise”), alteration (due to camouflet (“smoke blown in one's face”)) of Italian camuffare (“to muffle the head”), from ca- (from Italian capo (“head”)) + muffare (“to muffle”), from Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (“muff”). This Medieval Latin, from which there is also English muffle, is either derived from a Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”) from *mol (“softened, forworn”) (akin to Old High German molawēn (“to soften”), Middle High German molwic (“soft”)) + *fell (“hide, skin”), from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”), or, an alternate etymology traces it to a Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”) composed of *mauwa (“sleeve, wrap”) from Proto-Germanic *mawwō (“sleeve”) + *fell (“skin, hide”) from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "camouflages",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "camouflage (countable and uncountable, plural camouflages)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cam‧ou‧flage"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "camoufleur"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A disguise or covering up."
],
"links": [
[
"disguise",
"disguise"
],
[
"covering up",
"cover up"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The act of disguising."
],
"links": [
[
"disguising",
"disguise"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"The use of natural or artificial material on personnel, objects, or tactical positions with the aim of confusing, misleading, or evading the enemy."
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"artificial",
"artificial"
],
[
"material",
"material"
],
[
"personnel",
"personnel"
],
[
"objects",
"objects"
],
[
"tactical positions",
"tactical positions"
],
[
"aim",
"aim"
],
[
"confusing",
"confusing"
],
[
"misleading",
"misleading"
],
[
"evading",
"evading"
],
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(military) The use of natural or artificial material on personnel, objects, or tactical positions with the aim of confusing, misleading, or evading the enemy."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Textiles"
],
"glosses": [
"A pattern on clothing consisting of irregularly shaped patches that are either greenish/brownish, brownish/whitish, or bluish/whitish, as used by ground combat forces."
],
"links": [
[
"textiles",
"textiles"
],
[
"pattern",
"pattern"
],
[
"clothing",
"clothing"
],
[
"irregular",
"irregular"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"patch",
"patch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(textiles) A pattern on clothing consisting of irregularly shaped patches that are either greenish/brownish, brownish/whitish, or bluish/whitish, as used by ground combat forces."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Biology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7",
"text": "Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close[…]above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them. Many insects probably use this strategy, which is a close analogy to crypsis in the visible world—camouflage and other methods for blending into one’s visual background.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Resemblance of an organism to its surroundings for avoiding detection."
],
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"organism",
"organism"
],
[
"detection",
"detection"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology) Resemblance of an organism to its surroundings for avoiding detection."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Clothes made from camouflage fabric, for concealment in combat or hunting."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tamwīh",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "تَمْوِيه"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "maskirovka",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "маскировка"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "maska"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "převlek"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "převlečení"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "předstírání"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "naamiointi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "valeasu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "déguisement"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflaxe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tarnmaterial"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "kamuflázs"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "álca"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "álcaháló"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "álcázóanyag"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "duaithníocht"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "meisai",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "迷彩"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "forkledning"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "estetâr",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "استتار"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflaż"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barwa ochronna"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kolor ochronny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflagem"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kamufljáž",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "камуфля́ж"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "maskiróvka",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "маскиро́вка"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disguise",
"word": "kılık değiştirme"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cuddliw"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "disguise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ffugliw"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "maskirane",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "маскиране"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "maskování"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "kamufli"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "naamiointi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camouflage"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflaxe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tarnen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "álcázás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "leplezés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "rejtőzködés"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "duaithníocht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "camuffaggio"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "whakatūrehutanga"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "whakatārehutanga"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "forkledning"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barwa ochronna"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "maskowanie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kolor ochronny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflagem"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kamufljáž",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "камуфля́ж"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "maskiróvka",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "маскиро́вка"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "act of disguising",
"word": "kılık değiştirme"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kamuflyaž",
"sense": "military",
"word": "կամուֆլյաժ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "nerkakʿoġarkum",
"sense": "military",
"word": "ներկաքողարկում"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kamuflaž",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "камуфлаж"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "maskování"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zamaskování"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "military",
"word": "kamuflo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "military",
"word": "naamiointi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camouflage"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflaxe"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳamuplaži",
"sense": "military",
"word": "კამუფლაჟი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tarnen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Tarnung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Camouflage"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kamoufláz",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "καμουφλάζ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "military",
"word": "álcázás"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mimetizzazione"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasje"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflering"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflaż"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barwa ochronna"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kolor ochronny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflagem"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kamufljáž",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "камуфля́ж"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "maskiróvka",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "маскиро́вка"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kamouflage"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "military",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "maskering"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mícǎi",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "迷彩"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamufláž"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "maskování"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "maastokuvio"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tarnmuster"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "terepminta"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "迷彩"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasje"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "pattern",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kamouflage"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "pattern",
"word": "ลายพราง"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "camuflament"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "mimikry"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "suojaväritys"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "camouflage"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflaxe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Tarnung"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kamoufláz",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "καμουφλάζ"
},
{
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "kamouflaj"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "álcázás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "mimikri"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "biology",
"word": "kamuflázs"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasje"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "beskyttelseslikhet"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mimikry"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vernelikhet"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camuflagem"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "biology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kamouflage"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mícǎifú",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "迷彩服"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "maskáče"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "maastopuku"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Tarnanzug"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "terepszínű egyenruha"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "terepmintás ruha"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "迷彩服"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasjedrakt"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamuflasjeuniform"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "clothes",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "kamouflagekläder"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "clothes",
"word": "ลายพราง"
}
],
"word": "camouflage"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English unadapted borrowings from French",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Requests for gender in Albanian entries",
"Requests for gender in Hindi entries",
"Requests for gender in Lithuanian entries",
"Requests for review of Albanian translations",
"Requests for review of Basque translations",
"Requests for review of Danish translations",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of Estonian translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Hebrew translations",
"Requests for review of Hindi translations",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"en:Appearance",
"en:Ethology",
"en:Human behaviour"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "camo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "camouflage"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "camoufler",
"t": "to veil, disguise"
},
"expansion": "camoufler (“to veil, disguise”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "camouflet",
"t": "smoke blown in one's face"
},
"expansion": "camouflet (“smoke blown in one's face”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "camuffare",
"t": "to muffle the head"
},
"expansion": "Italian camuffare (“to muffle the head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ca-"
},
"expansion": "ca-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "capo",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Italian capo (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "muffare",
"t": "to muffle"
},
"expansion": "muffare (“to muffle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "muffula",
"4": "muffula, muffla",
"t": "muff"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (“muff”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "muffle"
},
"expansion": "English muffle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*molfell",
"t": "soft garment made of hide"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*mol",
"t": "softened, forworn"
},
"expansion": "*mol (“softened, forworn”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "molawēn",
"t": "to soften"
},
"expansion": "Old High German molawēn (“to soften”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "molwic",
"t": "soft"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German molwic (“soft”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*fell",
"t": "hide, skin"
},
"expansion": "*fell (“hide, skin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fellą",
"t": "skin, film, fleece"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*muffël",
"t": "a muff, wrap, envelope"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*mauwu",
"3": "*mauwa",
"t": "sleeve, wrap"
},
"expansion": "*mauwa (“sleeve, wrap”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*mawwō",
"t": "sleeve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mawwō (“sleeve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*fell",
"t": "skin, hide"
},
"expansion": "*fell (“skin, hide”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fellą",
"t": "skin, film, fleece"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage, from camoufler (“to veil, disguise”), alteration (due to camouflet (“smoke blown in one's face”)) of Italian camuffare (“to muffle the head”), from ca- (from Italian capo (“head”)) + muffare (“to muffle”), from Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (“muff”). This Medieval Latin, from which there is also English muffle, is either derived from a Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”) from *mol (“softened, forworn”) (akin to Old High German molawēn (“to soften”), Middle High German molwic (“soft”)) + *fell (“hide, skin”), from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”), or, an alternate etymology traces it to a Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”) composed of *mauwa (“sleeve, wrap”) from Proto-Germanic *mawwō (“sleeve”) + *fell (“skin, hide”) from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "camouflages",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "camouflaging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "camouflaged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "camouflaged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "camouflage (third-person singular simple present camouflages, present participle camouflaging, simple past and past participle camouflaged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cam‧ou‧flage"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1960 January, “New reading on railways”, in Trains Illustrated, page 26",
"text": "THE CONCISE ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF WORLD RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVES. Edited by P. Ransome-Wallis. Hutchinson. 50s.\nA gaudy jacket, remarkably out of keeping with the contents, camouflages the weightiest and meatiest work on a railway topic since the war.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1962 October, Brian Haresnape, “Focus on B.R. passenger stations”, in Modern Railways, pages 250–251",
"text": "Elegant brick and stone buildings, with iron and glass canopies and decorative wooden scalloping and fencing—all evidencing care on the part of the architect to produce a pleasing, well-planned building—were submerged beneath a profusion of ill-conceived additions and camouflaged by vulgar paint schemes; and the original conception was lost.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To hide or disguise something by covering it up or changing the way it looks."
],
"links": [
[
"hide",
"hide"
],
[
"disguise",
"disguise"
],
[
"cover",
"cover up"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-camouflage.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "kamuflatu"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zamaskirvam",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "замаскирвам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflar"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camouflere"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "sløre"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camoufleren"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "naamioida"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camoufler"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "tarnen"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hisvá",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "הסווה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "álcáz"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "duaithnigh"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuffare"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camoufléieren"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "whakatārehu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "whakatūrehu"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "kamuflere"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "maskere"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "maskować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "camuflajear"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "kamouflera"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "maskera"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "hide, disguise",
"word": "cuddliwio"
}
],
"word": "camouflage"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "camouflage",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: camouflage",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: camouflage"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "カモフラージュ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: カモフラージュ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: カモフラージュ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Camouflage",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Camouflage",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Camouflage"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "καμουφλάζ",
"bor": "1",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: καμουφλάζ n (kamoufláz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: καμουφλάζ n (kamoufláz)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "카무플라주",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 카무플라주 (kamupeullaju)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 카무플라주 (kamupeullaju)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "kamuflasje",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: kamuflasje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: kamuflasje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "camuflaj",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: camuflaj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: camuflaj"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "камуфля́ж",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: камуфля́ж (kamufljáž)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: камуфля́ж (kamufljáž) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kamuflaj",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: kamuflaj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: kamuflaj"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "camoufler",
"3": "-age",
"gloss1": "disguise, to hide"
},
"expansion": "camoufler (“disguise, to hide”) + -age",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From camoufler (“disguise, to hide”) + -age (noun-forming suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "camouflages",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "camouflage m (plural camouflages)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 3-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms suffixed with -age",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links",
"fr:Appearance",
"fr:Ethology"
],
"glosses": [
"camouflage"
],
"links": [
[
"camouflage",
"camouflage#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.mu.flaʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Poslovitch-camouflage.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-camouflage.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-camouflage.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-camouflage.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-camouflage.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DSwissK-camouflage.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-camouflage.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-camouflage.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-camouflage.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-camouflage.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Switzerland"
],
"text": "Audio (Switzerland)"
}
],
"word": "camouflage"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.