"benign" meaning in English

See benign in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /bɪˈnaɪn/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-benign.wav [Southern-England] Forms: benigner [comparative], more benign [comparative], benignest [superlative], most benign [superlative]
Rhymes: -aɪn Etymology: From Middle English benigne, benygne, from Old French benigne, from Latin benignus (“kind, good”), from bene (“well”) + genus (“origin, kind”). Compare malign. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|benigne}} Middle English benigne, {{m|enm|benygne}} benygne, {{der|en|fro|benigne}} Old French benigne, {{der|en|la|benignus||kind, good}} Latin benignus (“kind, good”), {{m|la|bene||well}} bene (“well”), {{m|la|genus||origin, kind}} genus (“origin, kind”), {{m|en|malign}} malign Head templates: {{en-adj|er|more}} benign (comparative benigner or more benign, superlative benignest or most benign)
  1. Kind; gentle; mild. Translations (kind, gentle, mild): كَرِيم (karīm) (Arabic), لَطِيف (laṭīf) (Arabic), до́бър (dóbǎr) (Bulgarian), благ (blag) (Bulgarian), прия́тен (prijáten) (Bulgarian), мил (mil) (Bulgarian), любе́зен (ljubézen) (Bulgarian), benigne (Catalan), laskavý (Czech), vlídný (Czech), dobrotivý (Czech), goedaardig (Dutch), bénin (French), კეთილშობილი (ḳetilšobili) (Georgian), freundlich (German), gütig (German), liebevoll (German), αγαθός (agathós) [masculine] (Greek), καλοκάγαθος (kalokágathos) [masculine] (Greek), benignus (Latin), māhaki (Maori), benigne (Middle English), xweşmirov (Northern Kurdish), camêr (Northern Kurdish), qenc (Northern Kurdish), łagodny (Polish), benigno (Portuguese), blând (Romanian), до́брый (dóbryj) (english: kind) (Russian), любе́зный (ljubéznyj) (english: amiable) (Russian), мя́гкий (mjáxkij) (english: mild, e.g. of measures) (Russian), прия́тный (prijátnyj) (english: pleasant) (Russian), благоприя́тный (blagoprijátnyj) (english: favorable) (Russian), mierny (Slovak), prívetivý (Slovak), benigno (Spanish), tultuk (Turkmen)
    Sense id: en-benign-en-adj-xu51yuOB Disambiguation of 'kind, gentle, mild': 74 23 1 3
  2. (of a climate or environment) mild and favorable
    Sense id: en-benign-en-adj-VqGDUl6C Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 14 35 26 25
  3. (in combination) Not harmful to the environment. Tags: in-compounds
    Sense id: en-benign-en-adj-HMsFPmfH
  4. (medicine) Not posing any serious threat to health; not particularly aggressive or recurrent. Categories (topical): Medicine Synonyms: non-malignant Translations ((medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant): բարորակ (barorak) (Armenian), zərərsiz (Azerbaijani), xətərsiz (Azerbaijani), доброка́чествен (dobrokáčestven) (Bulgarian), benigne (Catalan), nezhoubný [masculine] (Czech), benigní (Czech), neškodný (Czech), goedaardig (Dutch), benigna (Esperanto), hyvänlaatuinen (Finnish), bénin (French), კეთილთვისებიანი (ḳetiltvisebiani) (Georgian), gutartig (German), καλοήθης (kaloḯthis) [feminine, masculine] (Greek), jóindulatú (Hungarian), benigno (Italian), доброќуден (dobroḱuden) (Macedonian), ngū (Maori), godartet (Norwegian Bokmål), godarta (Norwegian Nynorsk), خوشخیم (xoš-xim) (Persian), łagodny (Polish), nieszkodliwy (Polish), benigno (Portuguese), benign (med.) (Romanian), доброка́чественный (dobrokáčestvennyj) (note: of good quality) (Russian), nezhubný (Slovak), benigno (Spanish), godartad (Swedish), benign (Swedish), zyýansyz (Turkmen), доброя́кісний (dobrojákisnyj) (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-benign-en-adj-SqWbHUeH Topics: medicine, sciences Disambiguation of '(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant': 5 6 16 73
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: benignant, benignity, benignly, benign neglect, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, benign prostate enlargement, benign prostatic hyperplasia

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for benign meaning in English (14.1kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "malign"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "benignant"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "benignity"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "benignly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "benign neglect"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "benign paroxysmal positional vertigo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "benign prostate enlargement"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "benign prostatic hyperplasia"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "benigne"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English benigne",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "benygne"
      },
      "expansion": "benygne",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "benigne"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French benigne",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "benignus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "kind, good"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin benignus (“kind, good”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "bene",
        "3": "",
        "4": "well"
      },
      "expansion": "bene (“well”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "genus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "origin, kind"
      },
      "expansion": "genus (“origin, kind”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "malign"
      },
      "expansion": "malign",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English benigne, benygne, from Old French benigne, from Latin benignus (“kind, good”), from bene (“well”) + genus (“origin, kind”). Compare malign.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "benigner",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "more benign",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "benignest",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most benign",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "er",
        "2": "more"
      },
      "expansion": "benign (comparative benigner or more benign, superlative benignest or most benign)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Kind; gentle; mild."
      ],
      "id": "en-benign-en-adj-xu51yuOB",
      "links": [
        [
          "Kind",
          "kind"
        ],
        [
          "gentle",
          "gentle"
        ],
        [
          "mild",
          "mild"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "karīm",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "كَرِيم"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "laṭīf",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "لَطِيف"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "dóbǎr",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "до́бър"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "blag",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "благ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "prijáten",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "прия́тен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "mil",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "мил"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "ljubézen",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "любе́зен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "benigne"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "laskavý"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "vlídný"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "dobrotivý"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "goedaardig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "bénin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ḳetilšobili",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "კეთილშობილი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "freundlich"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "gütig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "liebevoll"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "agathós",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "αγαθός"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "kalokágathos",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "καλοκάγαθος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "xweşmirov"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "camêr"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "qenc"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "benignus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "māhaki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "enm",
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "benigne"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "łagodny"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "benigno"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "blând"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "english": "kind",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "dóbryj",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "до́брый"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "english": "amiable",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ljubéznyj",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "любе́зный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "english": "mild, e.g. of measures",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "mjáxkij",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "мя́гкий"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "english": "pleasant",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "prijátnyj",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "прия́тный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "english": "favorable",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "blagoprijátnyj",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "благоприя́тный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "mierny"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "prívetivý"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "benigno"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "74 23 1 3",
          "code": "tk",
          "lang": "Turkmen",
          "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
          "word": "tultuk"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 35 26 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mild and favorable"
      ],
      "id": "en-benign-en-adj-VqGDUl6C",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of a climate or environment) mild and favorable"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a climate or environment"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "an ozone-benign refrigerant",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Not harmful to the environment."
      ],
      "id": "en-benign-en-adj-HMsFPmfH",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in combination) Not harmful to the environment."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "malignant"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Medicine",
          "orig": "en:Medicine",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "a benign tumor",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Not posing any serious threat to health; not particularly aggressive or recurrent."
      ],
      "id": "en-benign-en-adj-SqWbHUeH",
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ],
        [
          "posing",
          "pose"
        ],
        [
          "threat",
          "threat"
        ],
        [
          "health",
          "health"
        ],
        [
          "aggressive",
          "aggressive"
        ],
        [
          "recurrent",
          "recurrent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(medicine) Not posing any serious threat to health; not particularly aggressive or recurrent."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "non-malignant"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "barorak",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "բարորակ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "zərərsiz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "xətərsiz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "dobrokáčestven",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "доброка́чествен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "benigne"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "nezhoubný"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "benigní"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "neškodný"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "goedaardig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "benigna"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "hyvänlaatuinen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "bénin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ḳetiltvisebiani",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "კეთილთვისებიანი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "gutartig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "kaloḯthis",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "καλοήθης"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "jóindulatú"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "benigno"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "dobroḱuden",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "доброќуден"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "ngū"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "godartet"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "godarta"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "xoš-xim",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "خوشخیم"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "łagodny"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "nieszkodliwy"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "benigno"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "benign (med.)"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "note": "of good quality",
          "roman": "dobrokáčestvennyj",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "доброка́чественный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "nezhubný"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "benigno"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "godartad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "benign"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "tk",
          "lang": "Turkmen",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "zyýansyz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 16 73",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "dobrojákisnyj",
          "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
          "word": "доброя́кісний"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bɪˈnaɪn/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪn"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-benign.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/97/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-benign.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-benign.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/97/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-benign.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-benign.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "benign"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "malign"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "Requests for review of Ido translations",
    "Requests for review of Romanian translations",
    "Requests for review of Swedish translations",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪn",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪn/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "benignant"
    },
    {
      "word": "benignity"
    },
    {
      "word": "benignly"
    },
    {
      "word": "benign neglect"
    },
    {
      "word": "benign paroxysmal positional vertigo"
    },
    {
      "word": "benign prostate enlargement"
    },
    {
      "word": "benign prostatic hyperplasia"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "benigne"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English benigne",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "benygne"
      },
      "expansion": "benygne",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "benigne"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French benigne",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "benignus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "kind, good"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin benignus (“kind, good”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "bene",
        "3": "",
        "4": "well"
      },
      "expansion": "bene (“well”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "genus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "origin, kind"
      },
      "expansion": "genus (“origin, kind”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "malign"
      },
      "expansion": "malign",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English benigne, benygne, from Old French benigne, from Latin benignus (“kind, good”), from bene (“well”) + genus (“origin, kind”). Compare malign.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "benigner",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "more benign",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "benignest",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most benign",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "er",
        "2": "more"
      },
      "expansion": "benign (comparative benigner or more benign, superlative benignest or most benign)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Kind; gentle; mild."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Kind",
          "kind"
        ],
        [
          "gentle",
          "gentle"
        ],
        [
          "mild",
          "mild"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "mild and favorable"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of a climate or environment) mild and favorable"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a climate or environment"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "an ozone-benign refrigerant",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Not harmful to the environment."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in combination) Not harmful to the environment."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "malignant"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "en:Medicine"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "a benign tumor",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Not posing any serious threat to health; not particularly aggressive or recurrent."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ],
        [
          "posing",
          "pose"
        ],
        [
          "threat",
          "threat"
        ],
        [
          "health",
          "health"
        ],
        [
          "aggressive",
          "aggressive"
        ],
        [
          "recurrent",
          "recurrent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(medicine) Not posing any serious threat to health; not particularly aggressive or recurrent."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "non-malignant"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bɪˈnaɪn/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪn"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-benign.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/97/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-benign.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-benign.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/97/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-benign.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-benign.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "karīm",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "كَرِيم"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "laṭīf",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "لَطِيف"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "dóbǎr",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "до́бър"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "blag",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "благ"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "prijáten",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "прия́тен"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "mil",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "мил"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "ljubézen",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "любе́зен"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "benigne"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "laskavý"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "vlídný"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "dobrotivý"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "goedaardig"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "bénin"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ḳetilšobili",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "კეთილშობილი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "freundlich"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "gütig"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "liebevoll"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "agathós",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "αγαθός"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "kalokágathos",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "καλοκάγαθος"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "xweşmirov"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "camêr"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "qenc"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "benignus"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "māhaki"
    },
    {
      "code": "enm",
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "benigne"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "łagodny"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "benigno"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "blând"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "english": "kind",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "dóbryj",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "до́брый"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "english": "amiable",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ljubéznyj",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "любе́зный"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "english": "mild, e.g. of measures",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "mjáxkij",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "мя́гкий"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "english": "pleasant",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "prijátnyj",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "прия́тный"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "english": "favorable",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "blagoprijátnyj",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "благоприя́тный"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "mierny"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "prívetivý"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "benigno"
    },
    {
      "code": "tk",
      "lang": "Turkmen",
      "sense": "kind, gentle, mild",
      "word": "tultuk"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "barorak",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "բարորակ"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "zərərsiz"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "xətərsiz"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "dobrokáčestven",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "доброка́чествен"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "benigne"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "nezhoubný"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "benigní"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "neškodný"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "goedaardig"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "benigna"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "hyvänlaatuinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "bénin"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ḳetiltvisebiani",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "კეთილთვისებიანი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "gutartig"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "kaloḯthis",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "καλοήθης"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "jóindulatú"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "benigno"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "dobroḱuden",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "доброќуден"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "ngū"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "godartet"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "godarta"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "xoš-xim",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "خوشخیم"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "łagodny"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "nieszkodliwy"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "benigno"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "benign (med.)"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "note": "of good quality",
      "roman": "dobrokáčestvennyj",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "доброка́чественный"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "nezhubný"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "benigno"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "godartad"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "benign"
    },
    {
      "code": "tk",
      "lang": "Turkmen",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "zyýansyz"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "dobrojákisnyj",
      "sense": "(medicine) not posing any serious threat to health — see also malignant",
      "word": "доброя́кісний"
    }
  ],
  "word": "benign"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.