"altruism" meaning in English

See altruism in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈæl.tɹu.ɪz.əm/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-altruism.wav Forms: altruisms [plural]
Etymology: From French altruisme, which was coined in 1830 by Auguste Comte from autrui (“of or to others”) + -isme, from Old French, from Latin alteri, dative of alter (“other”) (whence also English alter). Apparently inspired by the French Latin legal phrase l’autrui, from le bien, le droit d’autrui (“the good, the right of the other”). Introduced into English by George Henry Lewes in 1853, in his translation Comte’s Philosophy of the Sciences, 1, xxi. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|fr|altruisme}} French altruisme, {{suffix|fr|autrui|isme|gloss1=of or to others|nocat=1}} autrui (“of or to others”) + -isme, {{der|en|fro|-}} Old French, {{der|en|la|alteri}} Latin alteri Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} altruism (countable and uncountable, plural altruisms)
  1. Regard for others, both natural and moral without regard for oneself; devotion to the interests of others; brotherly kindness. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Ethics, Philanthropy Synonyms: selflessness, philanthropy
    Sense id: en-altruism-en-noun-TkybR1QP Disambiguation of Ethics: 67 33 Disambiguation of Philanthropy: 49 51 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -ism, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Albanian translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Asturian translations, Terms with Azerbaijani translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hindi translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Indonesian translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Kazakh translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tajik translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Uzbek translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 45 55 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ism: 53 47 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 55 45 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 48 52 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 48 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Albanian translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 48 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 49 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Asturian translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Azerbaijani translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 53 47 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 53 47 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 46 54 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 49 51 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 55 45 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 49 51 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 53 47 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 47 53 Disambiguation of Terms with Hindi translations: 46 54 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 47 53 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Indonesian translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Kazakh translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 46 54 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 52 48 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 52 48 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 54 46 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 49 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Tajik translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 53 47 Disambiguation of Terms with Uzbek translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 50 50
  2. (biology, sociobiology) Action or behaviour that benefits another or others at some cost to the performer. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Biology, Human behaviour, Philanthropy Synonyms: philanthropy Translations (policy that benefits others' interests): altruizëm [masculine] (Albanian), إِيثَار (ʔīṯār) [masculine] (Arabic), غَيْرِيَّة (ḡayriyya) [feminine] (Arabic), այլասիրություն (aylasirutʻyun) (Armenian), altruísmu [masculine] (Asturian), altruizm (Azerbaijani), альтруі́зм (alʹtruízm) [masculine] (Belarusian), алтруи́зъм (altruízǎm) [masculine] (Bulgarian), altruisme [masculine] (Catalan), 利他主義 (Chinese Mandarin), 利他主义 (lìtāzhǔyì) (Chinese Mandarin), 愛他主義 (Chinese Mandarin), 爱他主义 (àitāzhǔyì) (Chinese Mandarin), 利他 (lìtā) (Chinese Mandarin), altruismus [masculine] (Czech), altruisme [common-gender] (Danish), altruïsme [neuter] (Dutch), onbaatzuchtigheid [feminine] (Dutch), altruismo (Esperanto), altruismi (Finnish), epäitsekkyys (Finnish), altruisme [masculine] (French), altruismo [masculine] (Galician), ალტრუიზმი (alṭruizmi) (Georgian), Altruismus [masculine] (German), Selbstlosigkeit [feminine] (German), Uneigennützigkeit [feminine] (German), αλτρουισμός (altrouismós) [masculine] (Greek), परहितवाद (parhitvād) [masculine] (Hindi), altruizmus (Hungarian), altruismo (Ido), altruisme (Indonesian), altrúchas [masculine] (Irish), soilíos [masculine] (Irish), altruismo [masculine] (Italian), 利他主義 (ritashugi) (alt: りたしゅぎ) (Japanese), 利他 (rita) (alt: りた) (Japanese), альтруизм (altruizm) (Kazakh), 이타주의 (itajuui) (alt: 利他主義) (Korean), 리타주의 (ritajuui) (alt: 利他主義) [North-Korea] (Korean), 이타 (ita) (alt: 利他) (Korean), 리타 (rita) (alt: 利他) [North-Korea] (Korean), 이타심 (itasim) (Korean), 리타심 (ritasim) [North-Korea] (Korean), altruisms (Latvian), алтруи́зам (altruízam) [masculine] (Macedonian), altruisme [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), ایثار (isâr) (Persian), نوعدوستی (now'-dusti) (Persian), altruizm [masculine] (Polish), altruísmo [masculine] (Portuguese), altruism (Romanian), generozitate [feminine] (Romanian), альтруи́зм (alʹtruízm) [masculine] (Russian), алтруѝзам [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), altruìzam [Roman, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), altruizmus [masculine] (Slovak), altruizem [masculine] (Slovene), altruismo [masculine] (Spanish), altruism [common-gender] (Swedish), алтруизм (altruyizm) (Tajik), altrüizm (Turkish), diğerkâmlık (Turkish), альтруї́зм (alʹtrujízm) [masculine] (Ukrainian), altruism (Uzbek), chủ nghĩa vị tha (Vietnamese)
    Sense id: en-altruism-en-noun-~2zqo4tk Disambiguation of Human behaviour: 27 73 Disambiguation of Philanthropy: 49 51 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -ism, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Albanian translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Asturian translations, Terms with Azerbaijani translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hindi translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Indonesian translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Kazakh translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tajik translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Uzbek translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 45 55 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ism: 53 47 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 55 45 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 48 52 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 48 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Albanian translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 48 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 49 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Asturian translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Azerbaijani translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 53 47 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 53 47 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 46 54 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 49 51 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 55 45 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 49 51 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 53 47 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 47 53 Disambiguation of Terms with Hindi translations: 46 54 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 47 53 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Indonesian translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Kazakh translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 46 54 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 52 48 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 52 48 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 54 46 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 49 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Tajik translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 51 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 53 47 Disambiguation of Terms with Uzbek translations: 50 50 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 50 50 Topics: biology, human-sciences, natural-sciences, sciences, social-science, sociobiology Disambiguation of "policy that benefits others' interests": 40 60
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: altruïsm Related terms: agape (english: spiritual love for others), bell the cat, brotherly love, misandry (english: hatred of males), misogyny (english: hatred of females), selflessness
Derived forms: altruistic, altruist (english: one who practises altruism) [agent], altruize, antialtruism, [https:, plato.stanford.edu, entries, altruism-biological, biological altruism], effective altruism, hyperaltruism, nonaltruism, reciprocal altruism

Inflected forms

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        {
          "ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVI, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:",
          "text": "The preposterous altruism too![…]Resist not evil. It is an insane immolation of self—as bad intrinsically as fakirs stabbing themselves or anchorites warping their spines in caves scarcely large enough for a fair-sized dog.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1995, George E. Vaillant, The Wisdom of the Ego, page 68:",
          "text": "Altruism allows doing for others as one would be done by. Unlike reaction formation, which also gives to the object what the self desires, altruism leaves the self at least partly gratified. Unlike reaction formation, altruism tempers asceticism with pleasure. Unlike passive aggression and martyrdom, altruism allows the object to feel blessed and not afflicted. Altruism attracts people to the user; martyrdom repels them even as it holds them close in chains.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Regard for others, both natural and moral without regard for oneself; devotion to the interests of others; brotherly kindness."
      ],
      "id": "en-altruism-en-noun-TkybR1QP",
      "links": [
        [
          "regard",
          "regard"
        ],
        [
          "devotion",
          "devotion"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "selflessness"
        },
        {
          "word": "philanthropy"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
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      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2013 December 24, Laura Spinney, Goodwill hunting: Random ants of kindness, New Scientist:",
          "text": "Altruism is a behaviour of an individual that benefits another at its own expense.[…]She decided to investigate what motivates ants to undertake these dangerous missions, where they risk getting trapped themselves or, worse, eaten by predatory antlion larvae, which dig pits and lurk, semi-concealed, at the bottom with their jaws wide open. Such apparently selfless rescue behaviour is seen by many as one of the purest forms of altruism.[…]Being nice to relatives is not pure altruism because they share your genes so, by helping them, you promote your own genetic heritage.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Action or behaviour that benefits another or others at some cost to the performer."
      ],
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      "links": [
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          "biology",
          "biology"
        ]
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      "raw_glosses": [
        "(biology, sociobiology) Action or behaviour that benefits another or others at some cost to the performer."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "philanthropy"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "human-sciences",
        "natural-sciences",
        "sciences",
        "social-science",
        "sociobiology"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "altruizëm"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʔīṯār",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "إِيثَار"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḡayriyya",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "غَيْرِيَّة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "aylasirutʻyun",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "այլասիրություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "altruísmu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "altruizm"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "alʹtruízm",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "альтруі́зм"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "altruízǎm",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "алтруи́зъм"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "altruisme"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "利他主義"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "lìtāzhǔyì",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "利他主义"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "愛他主義"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "àitāzhǔyì",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "爱他主义"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "lìtā",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "利他"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "altruismus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "altruisme"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "altruïsme"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "onbaatzuchtigheid"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "altruismo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "altruismi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "epäitsekkyys"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "altruisme"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "altruismo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "alṭruizmi",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "ალტრუიზმი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Altruismus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Selbstlosigkeit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Uneigennützigkeit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "altrouismós",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "αλτρουισμός"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "parhitvād",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "परहितवाद"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "altruizmus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "altruismo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "altruisme"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "altrúchas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "soilíos"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "altruismo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "alt": "りたしゅぎ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "ritashugi",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "利他主義"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "alt": "りた",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "rita",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "利他"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "altruizm",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "альтруизм"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "alt": "利他主義",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "itajuui",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "이타주의"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "alt": "利他主義",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "ritajuui",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "North-Korea"
          ],
          "word": "리타주의"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "alt": "利他",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "ita",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "이타"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "alt": "利他",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "rita",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "North-Korea"
          ],
          "word": "리타"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "itasim",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "이타심"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "ritasim",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "North-Korea"
          ],
          "word": "리타심"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "altruisms"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "altruízam",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "алтруи́зам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "altruisme"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "isâr",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "ایثار"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "now'-dusti",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "نوعدوستی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "altruizm"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "altruísmo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "altruism"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "generozitate"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "alʹtruízm",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "альтруи́зм"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "алтруѝзам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "altruìzam"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "altruizmus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "altruizem"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "altruismo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "altruism"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "altruyizm",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "алтруизм"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "altrüizm"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "diğerkâmlık"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "alʹtrujízm",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "альтруї́зм"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "altruism"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "40 60",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
          "word": "chủ nghĩa vị tha"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈæl.tɹu.ɪz.əm/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-altruism.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-altruism.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-altruism.wav.mp3",
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    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "altruïsm"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Auguste Comte",
    "George Henry Lewes"
  ],
  "word": "altruism"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English hybridisms suffixed with -ism",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from French",
    "English terms derived from French",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms suffixed with -ism",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Albanian translations",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Asturian translations",
    "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hindi translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Indonesian translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Kazakh translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Tajik translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Uzbek translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
    "en:Ethics",
    "en:Human behaviour",
    "en:Philanthropy"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "altruistic"
    },
    {
      "english": "one who practises altruism",
      "tags": [
        "agent"
      ],
      "word": "altruist"
    },
    {
      "word": "altruize"
    },
    {
      "word": "antialtruism"
    },
    {
      "word": "[https:"
    },
    {
      "word": "plato.stanford.edu"
    },
    {
      "word": "entries"
    },
    {
      "word": "altruism-biological"
    },
    {
      "word": " biological altruism]"
    },
    {
      "word": "effective altruism"
    },
    {
      "word": "hyperaltruism"
    },
    {
      "word": "nonaltruism"
    },
    {
      "word": "reciprocal altruism"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "altruisme"
      },
      "expansion": "French altruisme",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "autrui",
        "3": "isme",
        "gloss1": "of or to others",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "autrui (“of or to others”) + -isme",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "alteri"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin alteri",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From French altruisme, which was coined in 1830 by Auguste Comte from autrui (“of or to others”) + -isme, from Old French, from Latin alteri, dative of alter (“other”) (whence also English alter). Apparently inspired by the French Latin legal phrase l’autrui, from le bien, le droit d’autrui (“the good, the right of the other”). Introduced into English by George Henry Lewes in 1853, in his translation Comte’s Philosophy of the Sciences, 1, xxi.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "altruisms",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "altruism (countable and uncountable, plural altruisms)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "spiritual love for others",
      "word": "agape"
    },
    {
      "word": "bell the cat"
    },
    {
      "word": "brotherly love"
    },
    {
      "english": "hatred of males",
      "word": "misandry"
    },
    {
      "english": "hatred of females",
      "word": "misogyny"
    },
    {
      "word": "selflessness"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "egoism"
        },
        {
          "word": "selfishness"
        },
        {
          "word": "misanthropy"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVI, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:",
          "text": "The preposterous altruism too![…]Resist not evil. It is an insane immolation of self—as bad intrinsically as fakirs stabbing themselves or anchorites warping their spines in caves scarcely large enough for a fair-sized dog.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1995, George E. Vaillant, The Wisdom of the Ego, page 68:",
          "text": "Altruism allows doing for others as one would be done by. Unlike reaction formation, which also gives to the object what the self desires, altruism leaves the self at least partly gratified. Unlike reaction formation, altruism tempers asceticism with pleasure. Unlike passive aggression and martyrdom, altruism allows the object to feel blessed and not afflicted. Altruism attracts people to the user; martyrdom repels them even as it holds them close in chains.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Regard for others, both natural and moral without regard for oneself; devotion to the interests of others; brotherly kindness."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "regard",
          "regard"
        ],
        [
          "devotion",
          "devotion"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "selflessness"
        },
        {
          "word": "philanthropy"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned",
        "en:Biology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2013 December 24, Laura Spinney, Goodwill hunting: Random ants of kindness, New Scientist:",
          "text": "Altruism is a behaviour of an individual that benefits another at its own expense.[…]She decided to investigate what motivates ants to undertake these dangerous missions, where they risk getting trapped themselves or, worse, eaten by predatory antlion larvae, which dig pits and lurk, semi-concealed, at the bottom with their jaws wide open. Such apparently selfless rescue behaviour is seen by many as one of the purest forms of altruism.[…]Being nice to relatives is not pure altruism because they share your genes so, by helping them, you promote your own genetic heritage.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Action or behaviour that benefits another or others at some cost to the performer."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "biology",
          "biology"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(biology, sociobiology) Action or behaviour that benefits another or others at some cost to the performer."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "philanthropy"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "human-sciences",
        "natural-sciences",
        "sciences",
        "social-science",
        "sociobiology"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈæl.tɹu.ɪz.əm/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-altruism.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-altruism.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-altruism.wav.mp3",
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    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "altruïsm"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "altruizëm"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʔīṯār",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "إِيثَار"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḡayriyya",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "غَيْرِيَّة"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "aylasirutʻyun",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "այլասիրություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "altruísmu"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "altruizm"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "alʹtruízm",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "альтруі́зм"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "altruízǎm",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "алтруи́зъм"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "altruisme"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "利他主義"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "lìtāzhǔyì",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "利他主义"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "愛他主義"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "àitāzhǔyì",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "爱他主义"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "lìtā",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "利他"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "altruismus"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "altruisme"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "altruïsme"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "onbaatzuchtigheid"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "altruismo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "altruismi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "epäitsekkyys"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "altruisme"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "altruismo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "alṭruizmi",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "ალტრუიზმი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Altruismus"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Selbstlosigkeit"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Uneigennützigkeit"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "altrouismós",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "αλτρουισμός"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "parhitvād",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "परहितवाद"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "altruizmus"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "altruismo"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "altruisme"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "altrúchas"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "soilíos"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "altruismo"
    },
    {
      "alt": "りたしゅぎ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "ritashugi",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "利他主義"
    },
    {
      "alt": "りた",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "rita",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "利他"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "altruizm",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "альтруизм"
    },
    {
      "alt": "利他主義",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "itajuui",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "이타주의"
    },
    {
      "alt": "利他主義",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "ritajuui",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "North-Korea"
      ],
      "word": "리타주의"
    },
    {
      "alt": "利他",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "ita",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "이타"
    },
    {
      "alt": "利他",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "rita",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "North-Korea"
      ],
      "word": "리타"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "itasim",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "이타심"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "ritasim",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "North-Korea"
      ],
      "word": "리타심"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "altruisms"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "altruízam",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "алтруи́зам"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "altruisme"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "isâr",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "ایثار"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "now'-dusti",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "نوعدوستی"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "altruizm"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "altruísmo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "altruism"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "generozitate"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "alʹtruízm",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "альтруи́зм"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "алтруѝзам"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "altruìzam"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "altruizmus"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "altruizem"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "altruismo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "altruism"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "altruyizm",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "алтруизм"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "altrüizm"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "diğerkâmlık"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "alʹtrujízm",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "альтруї́зм"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "altruism"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "policy that benefits others' interests",
      "word": "chủ nghĩa vị tha"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Auguste Comte",
    "George Henry Lewes"
  ],
  "word": "altruism"
}

Download raw JSONL data for altruism meaning in English (15.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.