See Ms in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "mizz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Miz"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_text": "Found since the 1600s as an abbreviation of mistress (whence also Miss and Mrs), a title which initially did not indicate marital status. Suggestions that the term be revived began in 1901, and referenced the fact that dialects such as Southern US English already made no distinction between Miss and Mrs (/ˈmɪz/) in speech. With the founding of the magazine Ms. in 1971, the term quickly became widespread as an alternative to Miss and Mrs., which require knowing (and publicizing) the referent's marital status.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Mss",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Mses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ms.",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
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"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
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"2": "+"
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"expansion": "Ms (plural Mss or Mses)",
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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{
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15
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13,
16
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],
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"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
67,
69
]
],
"ref": "1995, Stephen King, “The Kindness of Strangers”, in Rose Madder, London: BCA [Book Club Associates], →OCLC, section 7, page 55:",
"text": "‘[…] I don’t know how to thank you for this, Mrs Stevenson.’ ‘It’s Ms to my business associates and Anna to you,’ […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Title used before an adult woman's name or surname, especially when it is not desired or possible to indicate her marital status with Miss or Mrs."
],
"id": "en-Ms-en-noun-Y9O8vnGK",
"links": [
[
"Miss",
"Miss#English"
],
[
"Mrs",
"Mrs#English"
]
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},
{
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{
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{
"_dis": "27 49 3 21",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "32 52 2 14",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "28 72",
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},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Chinese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 74",
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"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 76",
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"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "23 77",
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"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
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"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Chemical notation",
"orig": "en:Chemical notation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Titles",
"orig": "en:Titles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
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[
18,
20
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],
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],
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"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Title used for a woman before a place, name, thing, or description that she is supposed to typify or represent."
],
"id": "en-Ms-en-noun-Tn7ncJaO",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Mrs."
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "mĭzʹ",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"enpr": "mĭsʹ",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɪz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɪs/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "miz"
},
{
"homophone": "mizz"
},
{
"homophone": "Miz"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪz"
},
{
"enpr": "mĭzʹ",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"enpr": "məz",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɪz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/məz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"sense": "title",
"word": "ms"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "zh",
"roman": "nǚshì",
"sense": "title",
"word": "女士"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "title",
"word": "s-ino"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Mme"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Señora"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sra."
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Dona"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "k-ni",
"sense": "title",
"word": "ქ-ნი"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Frau"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "Dis",
"sense": "title",
"word": "Δις"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "Dda",
"sense": "title",
"word": "Δδα"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sig.ra"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"lang_code": "km",
"roman": "neak neang",
"sense": "title",
"word": "អ្នកនាង"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "gospoǵa",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "госпоѓа"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "gospoǵica",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "госпоѓица"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "panna"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "panienka"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "gospožá",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "госпожа́"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "g-ža",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "г-жа"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kněni"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Señora"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "title",
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"feminine"
],
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},
{
"_dis1": "49 51",
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"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fru"
}
],
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],
"word": "Ms"
}
{
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"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
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],
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{
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}
],
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{
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{
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],
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{
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"plural of M"
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[
"M",
"M#English"
]
],
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"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛmz/"
}
],
"word": "Ms"
}
{
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_text": "From a shortening of its name.",
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{
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"1": "-"
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "mesyl"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Organic chemistry",
"orig": "en:Organic chemistry",
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"source": "w"
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{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Abbreviation of mesyl."
],
"id": "en-Ms-en-noun-9boGbB0q",
"links": [
[
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"organic chemistry"
],
[
"mesyl",
"mesyl#English"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) Abbreviation of mesyl."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
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],
"topics": [
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"natural-sciences",
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"physical-sciences"
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],
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{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English words spelled without vowels",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪz",
"Rhymes:English/ɪz/1 syllable",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Chinese translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"en:Chemical notation",
"en:Titles"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "mizz"
},
{
"word": "Miz"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_text": "Found since the 1600s as an abbreviation of mistress (whence also Miss and Mrs), a title which initially did not indicate marital status. Suggestions that the term be revived began in 1901, and referenced the fact that dialects such as Southern US English already made no distinction between Miss and Mrs (/ˈmɪz/) in speech. With the founding of the magazine Ms. in 1971, the term quickly became widespread as an alternative to Miss and Mrs., which require knowing (and publicizing) the referent's marital status.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Mss",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Mses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ms.",
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},
{
"form": "M/s",
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]
}
],
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},
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
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],
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{
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69
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],
"ref": "1995, Stephen King, “The Kindness of Strangers”, in Rose Madder, London: BCA [Book Club Associates], →OCLC, section 7, page 55:",
"text": "‘[…] I don’t know how to thank you for this, Mrs Stevenson.’ ‘It’s Ms to my business associates and Anna to you,’ […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
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[
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20
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],
"glosses": [
"Title used for a woman before a place, name, thing, or description that she is supposed to typify or represent."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Mrs."
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "mĭzʹ",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"enpr": "mĭsʹ",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɪz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɪs/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "miz"
},
{
"homophone": "mizz"
},
{
"homophone": "Miz"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪz"
},
{
"enpr": "mĭzʹ",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"enpr": "məz",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɪz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/məz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-Ms.wav",
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"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"sense": "title",
"word": "ms"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "zh",
"roman": "nǚshì",
"sense": "title",
"word": "女士"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "title",
"word": "s-ino"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Mme"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Señora"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sra."
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Dona"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "k-ni",
"sense": "title",
"word": "ქ-ნი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Frau"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "Dis",
"sense": "title",
"word": "Δις"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "Dda",
"sense": "title",
"word": "Δδα"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sig.ra"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"lang_code": "km",
"roman": "neak neang",
"sense": "title",
"word": "អ្នកនាង"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "gospoǵa",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "госпоѓа"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "gospoǵica",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "госпоѓица"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "panna"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "panienka"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "gospožá",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "госпожа́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "g-ža",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "г-жа"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kněni"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Señora"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sra."
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "title",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fru"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ms. (magazine)"
],
"word": "Ms"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English noun forms",
"English nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English words spelled without vowels",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Chemical notation"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "M's",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "Ms",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "M"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of M"
],
"links": [
[
"M",
"M#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛmz/"
}
],
"word": "Ms"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English words spelled without vowels",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Chemical notation"
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_text": "From a shortening of its name.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "Ms (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "mesyl"
}
],
"categories": [
"English abbreviations",
"en:Organic chemistry"
],
"glosses": [
"Abbreviation of mesyl."
],
"links": [
[
"organic chemistry",
"organic chemistry"
],
[
"mesyl",
"mesyl#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) Abbreviation of mesyl."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"organic-chemistry",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "Ms"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Ms meaning in English (8.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.