"-on" meaning in English

See -on in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame--on.wav
Etymology: From -on in electron, reinforced by Ancient Greek neuter nouns and adjectives ending in -ον (-on). Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=|cat3=|head=|id=}} -on, {{en-suffix}} -on
  1. (physics, mathematics) Forming nouns denoting subatomic particles (proton), quanta (photon). Tags: morpheme Translations ((physics) subatomic particles): [masculine] (Catalan), (zǐ) (Chinese Mandarin), -on (Dutch), -on [masculine] (French), -on [neuter] (German), -અણુ (-aṇu) (Gujarati), -अणु (-aṇu) (Hindi), -on (Interlingua), -one [masculine] (Italian), (shi) (Japanese), -अणू (-aṇū) (Marathi), -on (Norwegian Bokmål), -ão [Portugal, masculine] (Portuguese), -on [Brazil, masculine] (Portuguese), -он (-on) [masculine] (Russian), -ón [masculine] (Spanish)
    Sense id: en--on-en-suffix-eicGWlMA Categories (other): Mathematics, Physics, English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with entries, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Gujarati translations, Terms with Hindi translations, Terms with Interlingua translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Marathi translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 29 20 24 27 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 38 27 34 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 1 5 1 0 5 3 4 5 5 5 1 1 2 1 4 1 1 1 0 4 4 4 3 4 2 4 5 3 3 2 3 0 2 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 49 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 36 28 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 50 50 Topics: mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, physics, sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Suffix

Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame--on.wav
Etymology: From -on in carbon, first applied to boron and then to silicon. Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=|cat3=|head=|id=}} -on, {{en-suffix}} -on
  1. (chemistry) Forming names of noble gases and certain nonmetal elements (such as boron or silicon). Tags: morpheme Translations ((chemistry) nonmetal element): -on (Norwegian Bokmål)
    Sense id: en--on-en-suffix-sgPMziuG Categories (other): Chemistry, English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Element nomenclature Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 29 20 24 27 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 38 27 34 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 36 28 36 Disambiguation of Element nomenclature: 26 34 19 22 Topics: chemistry, natural-sciences, physical-sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Suffix

Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame--on.wav
Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=|cat3=|head=|id=}} -on, {{en-suffix}} -on
  1. (biology, genetics) Forming names of things considered as basic or fundamental units, such as codon or recon. Tags: morpheme Translations ((genetics) basic or fundamental units): -on (French), -on (Norwegian Bokmål), -он (-on) [masculine] (Russian)
    Sense id: en--on-en-suffix-en:unit Categories (other): Biology, Genetics, English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Terms with French translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Russian translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 29 20 24 27 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 38 27 34 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 49 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 36 28 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 50 50 Topics: biology, genetics, medicine, natural-sciences, sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Suffix

Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame--on.wav
Etymology: From the combining form of -one, as in sulfon-ic. Compare also -thion. Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=|cat3=|head=|id=}} -on, {{en-suffix}} -on
  1. Forms names for chemical compounds, often proprietary. Tags: morpheme Derived forms: -thion
    Sense id: en--on-en-suffix-kjf2-cxJ Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 29 20 24 27 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 1 5 1 0 5 3 4 5 5 5 1 1 2 1 4 1 1 1 0 4 4 4 3 4 2 4 5 3 3 2 3 0 2
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 4

Inflected forms

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          "code": "ca",
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          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "-ó"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "zǐ",
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          "word": "子"
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          "code": "gu",
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          "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
          "word": "-અણુ"
        },
        {
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "-aṇu",
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          "word": "-अणु"
        },
        {
          "code": "ia",
          "lang": "Interlingua",
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          "word": "-on"
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            "masculine"
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          "code": "mr",
          "lang": "Marathi",
          "roman": "-aṇū",
          "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
          "word": "-अणू"
        },
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          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
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        },
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          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
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        },
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            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "-он"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
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            "masculine"
          ],
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  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Mathematics",
        "en:Physics"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Coordinate term: -ino"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forming nouns denoting subatomic particles (proton), quanta (photon)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "physics",
          "physics"
        ],
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "subatomic particle",
          "subatomic particle"
        ],
        [
          "quanta",
          "quanta"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(physics, mathematics) Forming nouns denoting subatomic particles (proton), quanta (photon)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
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  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "-ó"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zǐ",
      "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
      "word": "子"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
      "word": "-on"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "-on"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "-on"
    },
    {
      "code": "gu",
      "lang": "Gujarati",
      "roman": "-aṇu",
      "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
      "word": "-અણુ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "-aṇu",
      "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
      "word": "-अणु"
    },
    {
      "code": "ia",
      "lang": "Interlingua",
      "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
      "word": "-on"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "-one"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "shi",
      "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
      "word": "子"
    },
    {
      "code": "mr",
      "lang": "Marathi",
      "roman": "-aṇū",
      "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
      "word": "-अणू"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
      "word": "-on"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "-ão"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "-on"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "-on",
      "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "-он"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "(physics) subatomic particles",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "-ón"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-on"
}

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  "etymology_number": 2,
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
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    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Chemistry"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forming names of noble gases and certain nonmetal elements (such as boron or silicon)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chemistry",
          "chemistry"
        ],
        [
          "noble gas",
          "noble gas"
        ],
        [
          "boron",
          "boron"
        ],
        [
          "silicon",
          "silicon"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chemistry) Forming names of noble gases and certain nonmetal elements (such as boron or silicon)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
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        "chemistry",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
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  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "(chemistry) nonmetal element",
      "word": "-on"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-on"
}

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  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English suffixes",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages using catfix",
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    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
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  "etymology_number": 3,
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    },
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      "args": {},
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      "name": "en-suffix"
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  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Biology",
        "en:Genetics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forming names of things considered as basic or fundamental units, such as codon or recon."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "biology",
          "biology"
        ],
        [
          "genetics",
          "genetics"
        ],
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          "codon",
          "codon"
        ],
        [
          "recon",
          "recon"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(biology, genetics) Forming names of things considered as basic or fundamental units, such as codon or recon."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:unit"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
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        "biology",
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    }
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  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "(genetics) basic or fundamental units",
      "word": "-on"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "(genetics) basic or fundamental units",
      "word": "-on"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "-on",
      "sense": "(genetics) basic or fundamental units",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "-он"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-on"
}

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    "Pages with entries",
    "en:Element nomenclature"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "-thion"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_text": "From the combining form of -one, as in sulfon-ic. Compare also -thion.",
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      "expansion": "-on",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-on",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Forms names for chemical compounds, often proprietary."
      ],
      "tags": [
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      ]
    }
  ],
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    }
  ],
  "word": "-on"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -on meaning in English (8.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.