See 縱然 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "纵然",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "縱然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin words containing toneless variants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"even if; even though"
],
"id": "en-縱然-zh-conj-EveOrpEg",
"links": [
[
"even",
"even"
],
[
"if",
"if"
],
[
"though",
"though"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "even"
},
{
"roman": "bùpà",
"word": "不怕"
},
{
"roman": "rènpíng",
"word": "任憑"
},
{
"roman": "rènpíng",
"word": "任凭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "作哩"
},
{
"roman": "zo6 sonn4",
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "作算"
},
{
"word": "儘管"
},
{
"word": "尽管"
},
{
"roman": "jílìng",
"word": "即令"
},
{
"roman": "jíshǐ",
"word": "即使"
},
{
"roman": "jíbiàn",
"word": "即便"
},
{
"roman": "nǎpà",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "哪怕"
},
{
"roman": "jiù",
"word": "就"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "就使"
},
{
"roman": "jiùsuàn",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "就算"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "就若"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "就若是"
},
{
"roman": "pàbù",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"literary"
],
"word": "怕不"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "縱"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "纵"
},
{
"roman": "zòngshǐ",
"word": "縱使"
},
{
"roman": "zòngshǐ",
"word": "纵使"
},
{
"roman": "shèlìng",
"word": "設令"
},
{
"roman": "shèlìng",
"word": "设令"
},
{
"roman": "ráo",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "饒"
},
{
"roman": "ráo",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "饶"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zòngrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗㄨㄥˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zung³ jin⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chhiòng-liân"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chhiòng-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zòngrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zòngran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗㄨㄥˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zòngrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tsung⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dzùng-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tzonq.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цзунжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "czunžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊŋ⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sʊŋ⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jung yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzung³ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "zung³ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊŋ³³ jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chhiòng-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tshiòng-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "chiornglieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chhiòng-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tshiòng-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "chiorngjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊŋ⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊŋ⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊŋ³³ jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ziɛn²³/"
}
],
"word": "縱然"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "纵然",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "縱然",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese conjunctions",
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Chinese conjunctions",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 然",
"Chinese terms spelled with 縱",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hokkien conjunctions",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Mandarin conjunctions",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin words containing toneless variants",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"even if; even though"
],
"links": [
[
"even",
"even"
],
[
"if",
"if"
],
[
"though",
"though"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zòngrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗㄨㄥˋ ㄖㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zung³ jin⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chhiòng-liân"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chhiòng-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zòngrán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "zòngran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗㄨㄥˋ ˙ㄖㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zòngrån"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tsung⁴-jan⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dzùng-ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tzonq.ran"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цзунжань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "czunžanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊŋ⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /t͡sʊŋ⁵¹ ʐän¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jung yìhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzung³ jin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "zung³ yin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊŋ³³ jiːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chhiòng-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tshiòng-liân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "chiornglieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ liɛn²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chhiòng-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tshiòng-jiân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "chiorngjieen"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ d͡ziɛn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ziɛn²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊŋ⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊŋ⁵¹ ʐän¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊŋ³³ jiːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ liɛn²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ d͡ziɛn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ziɛn²³/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "even"
},
{
"roman": "bùpà",
"word": "不怕"
},
{
"roman": "rènpíng",
"word": "任憑"
},
{
"roman": "rènpíng",
"word": "任凭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "作哩"
},
{
"roman": "zo6 sonn4",
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "作算"
},
{
"word": "儘管"
},
{
"word": "尽管"
},
{
"roman": "jílìng",
"word": "即令"
},
{
"roman": "jíshǐ",
"word": "即使"
},
{
"roman": "jíbiàn",
"word": "即便"
},
{
"roman": "nǎpà",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "哪怕"
},
{
"roman": "jiù",
"word": "就"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "就使"
},
{
"roman": "jiùsuàn",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "就算"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "就若"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "就若是"
},
{
"roman": "pàbù",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"literary"
],
"word": "怕不"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "縱"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "纵"
},
{
"roman": "zòngshǐ",
"word": "縱使"
},
{
"roman": "zòngshǐ",
"word": "纵使"
},
{
"roman": "shèlìng",
"word": "設令"
},
{
"roman": "shèlìng",
"word": "设令"
},
{
"roman": "ráo",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "饒"
},
{
"roman": "ráo",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "饶"
}
],
"word": "縱然"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 縱然 meaning in Chinese (4.4kB)
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"path": [
"縱然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "縱然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"path": [
"縱然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "縱然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"path": [
"縱然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "縱然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"縱然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "縱然",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E5%8D%B3%E4%BD%BF'], ['edit']){} >",
"path": [
"縱然"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "conjunction",
"title": "縱然",
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}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (ee63ee9 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.