See wesen on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "gml",
"3": "wēsen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German wēsen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "osx",
"3": "wesan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wes-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wesan"
},
"expansion": "Old English wesan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wezen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch wezen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "wêze"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian wêze",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "sîn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German sîn",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "sīn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon sīn",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁es-",
"3": "",
"4": "to be"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zijn"
},
"expansion": "Dutch zijn",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*beuną",
"3": "",
"4": "to be, to become"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *beuną (“to be, to become”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Low German wēsen, from Old Saxon wesan, from Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-.\nAll the forms with initial w- (imperative and past tense) derive from this root. It is related to Old English wesan, Dutch wezen, West Frisian wêze.\nThe original infinitive is wesen but a second infinitive sien also exists. The infinitive wesen is still the most used one, but in general which one is used is a matter of personal preference and/or region.\nThe infinitive sien derives from Middle Low German sîn, from Old Saxon sīn. Along with the words is and sünd, it derives ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”), which had no separate infinitive in Germanic. The modern infinitive sien was probably back-formed in late Old Saxon from the former first-person plural subjunctive sīn (“we be”), since this form had become identical to the infinitive in other verbs during the late Old Saxon period. Compare also Dutch zijn and its alternative infinitive wezen.\nFinally, the forms bin/bün and bist/büst derive from Proto-Germanic *beuną (“to be, to become”), from *bʰuH- (“to become”), which survives only as relic forms in the West Germanic languages and not at all in the others. Its infinitive and non-singular forms are only attested in (Old) English.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weer",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "west",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nds-conj-wesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bün",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "büst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weerst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weres",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "is",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ös",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sünd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "weren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "wassen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "wes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "si",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "west",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "weset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ewesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "west",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ewest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gewesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gewest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"10": "wesen",
"2": "verb",
"3": "past singular",
"4": "weer",
"5": "past participle",
"6": "wesen",
"7": "or",
"8": "west",
"9": "auxiliary verb"
},
"expansion": "wesen (past singular weer, past participle wesen or west, auxiliary verb wesen)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "nds-conj-wesen"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bin, bün, sin, sen",
"10": "wes(e)t",
"11": "wesen(de)",
"12": "(e)wesen, (e)west, gewesen, gewest",
"2": "bist, büst",
"3": "is, es, ös",
"4": "sind, sünd, sin",
"5": "weer, was",
"6": "weerst, weres",
"7": "weer, was",
"8": "weren, wassen",
"9": "wes, si",
"head": "wesen (irregular verb)"
},
"name": "nds-conj-table"
}
],
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Wesen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wesentlich"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "To be or not to be, that is the question.",
"text": "Wesen oder nich wesen, dat is de Fraag.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Were you there too Saturday?",
"text": "Weerst du dor Saterdag ook?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be, to exist."
],
"id": "en-wesen-nds-de-verb-jgFfDHYz",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be, to exist."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The street is broad.",
"text": "De Straat is breet.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to connect a noun to an adjective that describes it."
],
"id": "en-wesen-nds-de-verb-vSwQuOWw",
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, copulative) Used to connect a noun to an adjective that describes it."
],
"tags": [
"copulative",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 5 13 14 13 17 12 2 3 16 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 5 13 14 13 18 13 1 2 18 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He has never been here.",
"text": "He is hier nie west.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the perfect tense of the active voice of some verbs, together with a past participle."
],
"id": "en-wesen-nds-de-verb-KaxQyEVF",
"links": [
[
"perfect tense",
"perfect tense#English"
],
[
"active voice",
"active voice#English"
],
[
"past participle",
"past participle#English"
],
[
"hebben",
"hebben#Low German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the perfect tense of the active voice of some verbs, together with a past participle."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 5 13 14 13 17 12 2 3 16 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 5 13 14 13 18 13 1 2 18 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the perfect tense of the active voice of some verbs, together with a past participle.\nNote: The perfect tense of most other verbs is formed using hebben.",
"Note: The perfect tense of most other verbs is formed using hebben."
],
"id": "en-wesen-nds-de-verb-gDMbTDd8",
"links": [
[
"perfect tense",
"perfect tense#English"
],
[
"active voice",
"active voice#English"
],
[
"past participle",
"past participle#English"
],
[
"hebben",
"hebben#Low German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the perfect tense of the active voice of some verbs, together with a past participle."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 5 13 14 13 17 12 2 3 16 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 5 13 14 13 18 13 1 2 18 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They had been heard.",
"text": "Se weren höört.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The car will have been bought.",
"text": "De Wagen schall köfft wesen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the perfect tense of the passive voice, together with a past participle."
],
"id": "en-wesen-nds-de-verb-7InzAOaO",
"links": [
[
"perfect tense",
"perfect tense#English"
],
[
"passive voice",
"passive voice#English"
],
[
"past participle",
"past participle#English"
],
[
"imperfect tense",
"imperfect tense#English"
],
[
"warrn",
"warrn#Low German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the perfect tense of the passive voice, together with a past participle."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 5 13 14 13 17 12 2 3 16 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 5 13 14 13 18 13 1 2 18 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the perfect tense of the passive voice, together with a past participle.\nNote: The imperfect tense passive is formed using warrn.",
"Note: The imperfect tense passive is formed using warrn."
],
"id": "en-wesen-nds-de-verb-bLzd6xPo",
"links": [
[
"perfect tense",
"perfect tense#English"
],
[
"passive voice",
"passive voice#English"
],
[
"past participle",
"past participle#English"
],
[
"imperfect tense",
"imperfect tense#English"
],
[
"warrn",
"warrn#Low German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the perfect tense of the passive voice, together with a past participle."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 5 13 14 13 17 12 2 3 16 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 5 13 14 13 18 13 1 2 18 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The dog was running.",
"text": "De Hund weer an't Lopen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the continuous forms of various tenses, together with an't."
],
"id": "en-wesen-nds-de-verb-dm9eJnrW",
"links": [
[
"an't",
"an't#German_Low_German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the continuous forms of various tenses, together with an't."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I am going to the doctor for a while.",
"text": "Ik bün för en Wiel na de Dokter.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "He is vundaag na Düsseldörp west.\nHe's been to Düsseldorf today.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To go, to go on a trip and return."
],
"id": "en-wesen-nds-de-verb-fptpbQmr",
"links": [
[
"go",
"go"
],
[
"trip",
"trip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To go, to go on a trip and return."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It is very warm today.",
"text": "Dat is böös warm vundaag.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to indicate weather, temperature or some other general condition."
],
"id": "en-wesen-nds-de-verb-Ltp2i1Ho",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, impersonal) Used to indicate weather, temperature or some other general condition."
],
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 5 13 14 13 17 12 2 3 16 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 5 13 14 13 18 13 1 2 18 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Three times five equals fifteen.",
"text": "Dree Mal fief is gliek (an) föffteihn.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To equal; used to indicate that the values on either side of an equation are the same, often used with gliek an."
],
"id": "en-wesen-nds-de-verb-WA-ppAOP",
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
],
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"equal",
"equal"
],
[
"gliek",
"gliek#English"
],
[
"an",
"an#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, copulative, mathematics) To equal; used to indicate that the values on either side of an equation are the same, often used with gliek an."
],
"tags": [
"copulative",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It is your turn now.",
"text": "Nu büst du.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have the next turn in a game."
],
"id": "en-wesen-nds-de-verb-OcD0EYNr",
"links": [
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"game",
"game"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To have the next turn in a game."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "To me it is cold. (“I feel cold.”)",
"text": "Mi is dat koolt nu.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"It is, be"
],
"id": "en-wesen-nds-de-verb-Xip0ebYD",
"links": [
[
"is",
"is"
],
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"qualifier": "with an indirect object and no subject",
"raw_glosses": [
"(with an indirect object and no subject) It is, be"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋɛː.zən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛː.zən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛː.zən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈβɛː.zən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋeː.ən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋɛːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋɪɛ.zən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋɪa.zən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋeː.zən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈβeːa.zən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋeːa.zən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sien"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "seyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "syn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "węsen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wäsen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wiäsen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "New Saxon Spelling",
"word": "weasen"
}
],
"word": "wesen"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wezen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: wezen\nAfrikaans: wees\nJersey Dutch: wêze\nNegerhollands: wees, wis",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: wezen\nAfrikaans: wees\nJersey Dutch: wêze\nNegerhollands: wees, wis"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "waeze"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: waeze",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: waeze"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "wesan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch wesan, from Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wēsen",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"head": "wēsen",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "wēsen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "wēsen"
},
"expansion": "wēsen",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They make known to those who are now and will be",
"ref": "1249, Schepenbrief van Bochoute, Velzeke, eastern Flanders:",
"text": "Si maken bekent die nu sien ende wesen selen",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"id": "en-wesen-dum-verb-CvEgfuq9",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sijn"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛːzən/"
}
],
"word": "wesen"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "sīn",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "wësen",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ist",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gewësen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wære",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sīn<irreg.sīn>"
},
"expansion": "sīn or wësen (irregular, third-person singular present ist, past tense was, past participle gewësen, past subjunctive wære, auxiliary sīn)",
"name": "gmh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "sīn"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle High German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle High German verbs using sīn as auxiliary",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of sīn"
],
"id": "en-wesen-gmh-verb-lRZjbB1n",
"links": [
[
"sīn",
"sin#Middle_High_German"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"irregular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛs̠ən/",
"note": "before 13ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "wesen"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-nl",
"2": "waen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch Low Saxon: waen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch Low Saxon: waen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "wesen",
"3": "ween"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: wesen, ween",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: wesen, ween"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "osx",
"3": "wesan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Saxon wesan, from Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wēsen",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gml-conj-table",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tô wēsene",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tô wēsende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gewēsen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gewest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wēset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wêre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wêrest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sîst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wêrest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "is",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wēse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wêre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wêren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "sîn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wêren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "verb",
"head": "wēsen"
},
"expansion": "wēsen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wēsen",
"10": "is",
"11": "sint",
"12": "was",
"13": "wêrest",
"14": "was",
"15": "wêren",
"16": "wēse",
"17": "sîst",
"18": "wēse",
"19": "sîn",
"2": "tô wēsene or tô wēsende",
"20": "wêre",
"21": "wêrest",
"22": "wêre",
"23": "wêren",
"3": "wēsen",
"4": "wēsende",
"5": "gewēsen or gewest",
"6": "wes",
"7": "wēset",
"8": "bin",
"9": "bist",
"head": "wesen"
},
"name": "gml-conj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Low German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"id": "en-wesen-gml-verb-CvEgfuq9",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sîn"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wɪɛzən/",
"note": "originally"
}
],
"word": "wesen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "gml",
"3": "wēsen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German wēsen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "osx",
"3": "wesan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wes-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wesan"
},
"expansion": "Old English wesan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wezen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch wezen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "wêze"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian wêze",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "sîn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German sîn",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "sīn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon sīn",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁es-",
"3": "",
"4": "to be"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zijn"
},
"expansion": "Dutch zijn",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*beuną",
"3": "",
"4": "to be, to become"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *beuną (“to be, to become”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Low German wēsen, from Old Saxon wesan, from Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-.\nAll the forms with initial w- (imperative and past tense) derive from this root. It is related to Old English wesan, Dutch wezen, West Frisian wêze.\nThe original infinitive is wesen but a second infinitive sien also exists. The infinitive wesen is still the most used one, but in general which one is used is a matter of personal preference and/or region.\nThe infinitive sien derives from Middle Low German sîn, from Old Saxon sīn. Along with the words is and sünd, it derives ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”), which had no separate infinitive in Germanic. The modern infinitive sien was probably back-formed in late Old Saxon from the former first-person plural subjunctive sīn (“we be”), since this form had become identical to the infinitive in other verbs during the late Old Saxon period. Compare also Dutch zijn and its alternative infinitive wezen.\nFinally, the forms bin/bün and bist/büst derive from Proto-Germanic *beuną (“to be, to become”), from *bʰuH- (“to become”), which survives only as relic forms in the West Germanic languages and not at all in the others. Its infinitive and non-singular forms are only attested in (Old) English.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weer",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "west",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nds-conj-wesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bün",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "büst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weerst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weres",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "is",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ös",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sünd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "weren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "wassen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "wes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "si",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "west",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "weset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ewesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "west",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ewest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gewesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gewest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"10": "wesen",
"2": "verb",
"3": "past singular",
"4": "weer",
"5": "past participle",
"6": "wesen",
"7": "or",
"8": "west",
"9": "auxiliary verb"
},
"expansion": "wesen (past singular weer, past participle wesen or west, auxiliary verb wesen)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "nds-conj-wesen"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bin, bün, sin, sen",
"10": "wes(e)t",
"11": "wesen(de)",
"12": "(e)wesen, (e)west, gewesen, gewest",
"2": "bist, büst",
"3": "is, es, ös",
"4": "sind, sünd, sin",
"5": "weer, was",
"6": "weerst, weres",
"7": "weer, was",
"8": "weren, wassen",
"9": "wes, si",
"head": "wesen (irregular verb)"
},
"name": "nds-conj-table"
}
],
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "Wesen"
},
{
"word": "wesentlich"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German Low German intransitive verbs",
"German Low German terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "To be or not to be, that is the question.",
"text": "Wesen oder nich wesen, dat is de Fraag.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Were you there too Saturday?",
"text": "Weerst du dor Saterdag ook?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be, to exist."
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be, to exist."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German Low German copulative verbs",
"German Low German terms with usage examples",
"German Low German transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The street is broad.",
"text": "De Straat is breet.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to connect a noun to an adjective that describes it."
],
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, copulative) Used to connect a noun to an adjective that describes it."
],
"tags": [
"copulative",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German Low German auxiliary verbs",
"German Low German terms with usage examples",
"German Low German transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He has never been here.",
"text": "He is hier nie west.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the perfect tense of the active voice of some verbs, together with a past participle."
],
"links": [
[
"perfect tense",
"perfect tense#English"
],
[
"active voice",
"active voice#English"
],
[
"past participle",
"past participle#English"
],
[
"hebben",
"hebben#Low German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the perfect tense of the active voice of some verbs, together with a past participle."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German Low German auxiliary verbs",
"German Low German terms with usage examples",
"German Low German transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the perfect tense of the active voice of some verbs, together with a past participle.\nNote: The perfect tense of most other verbs is formed using hebben.",
"Note: The perfect tense of most other verbs is formed using hebben."
],
"links": [
[
"perfect tense",
"perfect tense#English"
],
[
"active voice",
"active voice#English"
],
[
"past participle",
"past participle#English"
],
[
"hebben",
"hebben#Low German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the perfect tense of the active voice of some verbs, together with a past participle."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German Low German auxiliary verbs",
"German Low German terms with usage examples",
"German Low German transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They had been heard.",
"text": "Se weren höört.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The car will have been bought.",
"text": "De Wagen schall köfft wesen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the perfect tense of the passive voice, together with a past participle."
],
"links": [
[
"perfect tense",
"perfect tense#English"
],
[
"passive voice",
"passive voice#English"
],
[
"past participle",
"past participle#English"
],
[
"imperfect tense",
"imperfect tense#English"
],
[
"warrn",
"warrn#Low German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the perfect tense of the passive voice, together with a past participle."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German Low German auxiliary verbs",
"German Low German terms with usage examples",
"German Low German transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the perfect tense of the passive voice, together with a past participle.\nNote: The imperfect tense passive is formed using warrn.",
"Note: The imperfect tense passive is formed using warrn."
],
"links": [
[
"perfect tense",
"perfect tense#English"
],
[
"passive voice",
"passive voice#English"
],
[
"past participle",
"past participle#English"
],
[
"imperfect tense",
"imperfect tense#English"
],
[
"warrn",
"warrn#Low German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the perfect tense of the passive voice, together with a past participle."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German Low German auxiliary verbs",
"German Low German terms with usage examples",
"German Low German transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The dog was running.",
"text": "De Hund weer an't Lopen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the continuous forms of various tenses, together with an't."
],
"links": [
[
"an't",
"an't#German_Low_German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the continuous forms of various tenses, together with an't."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German Low German intransitive verbs",
"German Low German terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I am going to the doctor for a while.",
"text": "Ik bün för en Wiel na de Dokter.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "He is vundaag na Düsseldörp west.\nHe's been to Düsseldorf today.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To go, to go on a trip and return."
],
"links": [
[
"go",
"go"
],
[
"trip",
"trip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To go, to go on a trip and return."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German Low German impersonal verbs",
"German Low German intransitive verbs",
"German Low German terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It is very warm today.",
"text": "Dat is böös warm vundaag.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to indicate weather, temperature or some other general condition."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, impersonal) Used to indicate weather, temperature or some other general condition."
],
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German Low German copulative verbs",
"German Low German terms with usage examples",
"German Low German transitive verbs",
"nds-de:Mathematics"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Three times five equals fifteen.",
"text": "Dree Mal fief is gliek (an) föffteihn.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To equal; used to indicate that the values on either side of an equation are the same, often used with gliek an."
],
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
],
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"equal",
"equal"
],
[
"gliek",
"gliek#English"
],
[
"an",
"an#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, copulative, mathematics) To equal; used to indicate that the values on either side of an equation are the same, often used with gliek an."
],
"tags": [
"copulative",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German Low German intransitive verbs",
"German Low German terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It is your turn now.",
"text": "Nu büst du.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have the next turn in a game."
],
"links": [
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"game",
"game"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To have the next turn in a game."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German Low German terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "To me it is cold. (“I feel cold.”)",
"text": "Mi is dat koolt nu.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"It is, be"
],
"links": [
[
"is",
"is"
],
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"qualifier": "with an indirect object and no subject",
"raw_glosses": [
"(with an indirect object and no subject) It is, be"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋɛː.zən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛː.zən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛː.zən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈβɛː.zən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋeː.ən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋɛːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋɪɛ.zən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋɪa.zən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋeː.zən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈβeːa.zən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋeːa.zən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sin"
},
{
"word": "sien"
},
{
"word": "seyn"
},
{
"word": "syn"
},
{
"word": "węsen"
},
{
"word": "wäsen"
},
{
"word": "wiäsen"
},
{
"english": "New Saxon Spelling",
"word": "weasen"
}
],
"word": "wesen"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wezen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: wezen\nAfrikaans: wees\nJersey Dutch: wêze\nNegerhollands: wees, wis",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: wezen\nAfrikaans: wees\nJersey Dutch: wêze\nNegerhollands: wees, wis"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "waeze"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: waeze",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: waeze"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "wesan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch wesan, from Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wēsen",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"head": "wēsen",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "wēsen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "wēsen"
},
"expansion": "wēsen",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms with quotations",
"Middle Dutch verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They make known to those who are now and will be",
"ref": "1249, Schepenbrief van Bochoute, Velzeke, eastern Flanders:",
"text": "Si maken bekent die nu sien ende wesen selen",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sijn"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛːzən/"
}
],
"word": "wesen"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "sīn",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "wësen",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ist",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gewësen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wære",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sīn<irreg.sīn>"
},
"expansion": "sīn or wësen (irregular, third-person singular present ist, past tense was, past participle gewësen, past subjunctive wære, auxiliary sīn)",
"name": "gmh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "sīn"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle High German entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle High German irregular verbs",
"Middle High German lemmas",
"Middle High German terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle High German verbs",
"Middle High German verbs using sīn as auxiliary",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of sīn"
],
"links": [
[
"sīn",
"sin#Middle_High_German"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"irregular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛs̠ən/",
"note": "before 13ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "wesen"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-nl",
"2": "waen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch Low Saxon: waen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch Low Saxon: waen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "wesen",
"3": "ween"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: wesen, ween",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: wesen, ween"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "osx",
"3": "wesan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Saxon wesan, from Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wēsen",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gml-conj-table",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tô wēsene",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tô wēsende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gewēsen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gewest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wēset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wêre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wêrest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sîst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wêrest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "is",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wēse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wêre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wêren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"participle",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "sîn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wêren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "verb",
"head": "wēsen"
},
"expansion": "wēsen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wēsen",
"10": "is",
"11": "sint",
"12": "was",
"13": "wêrest",
"14": "was",
"15": "wêren",
"16": "wēse",
"17": "sîst",
"18": "wēse",
"19": "sîn",
"2": "tô wēsene or tô wēsende",
"20": "wêre",
"21": "wêrest",
"22": "wêre",
"23": "wêren",
"3": "wēsen",
"4": "wēsende",
"5": "gewēsen or gewest",
"6": "wes",
"7": "wēset",
"8": "bin",
"9": "bist",
"head": "wesen"
},
"name": "gml-conj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle Low German entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Low German lemmas",
"Middle Low German terms derived from Old Saxon",
"Middle Low German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Low German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Low German terms inherited from Old Saxon",
"Middle Low German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Low German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Low German verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wɪɛzən/",
"note": "originally"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sîn"
}
],
"word": "wesen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wesen meaning in All languages combined (22.5kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2447",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT Middle Low German is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: is",
"path": [
"wesen"
],
"section": "Middle Low German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "wesen",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.