See trzymać on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for trzymać meaning in All languages combined (45.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trzymały"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trzymanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "otrzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "otrzymawać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "otrzymować"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "strzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wstrzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wstrzymawać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wstrzymować"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wtrzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wystrzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wytrzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zatrzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zatrzymawać"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-mas",
"2": "trżimacz"
},
"expansion": "Masurian: trżimacz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Masurian: trżimacz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "trzymać"
},
"expansion": "Polish: trzymać\n→ Czech: třímat",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Polish: trzymać\n→ Czech: třímat"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "trzimać"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: trzimać",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: trzimać"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "тримати",
"3": "тримать",
"4": "трымати",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Ruthenian: тримати (trimati), тримать (trimatʹ), трымати (trymati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Ruthenian: тримати (trimati), тримать (trimatʹ), трымати (trymati)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "трыма́ць"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: трыма́ць (trymácʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: трыма́ць (trymácʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "три́мати"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: три́мати (trýmaty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: три́мати (trýmaty)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "трима́ти"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: трима́ти (trymáty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: трима́ти (trymáty)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*trimati",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *trimati",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*trimati"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trimati",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century.",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trimati. First attested in the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "trzymać impf",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wtrzymujący"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zatrzymany"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "otrzymanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "strzymanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wstrzymanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wstrzymawanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wtrzymanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zatrzymanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zatrzymawanie"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 3 6 3 4 6 2 19 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 7 5 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hold (having grabbed something, to not let go)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-r67afPbm",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to grab, to take"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-c3ETR0VC",
"links": [
[
"grab",
"grab"
],
[
"take",
"take"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to cooperate with someone, to be someone's accomplice [+ z (instrumental) = with whom]",
"to cooperate with someone, to be someone's accomplice"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-raNVNRni",
"links": [
[
"cooperate",
"cooperate"
],
[
"accomplice",
"accomplice"
],
[
"z",
"z#Old Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to cooperate with someone, to be someone's accomplice [+ z (instrumental) = with whom]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to take hold of; to engulf; to rule over"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-SrXFyUVZ",
"links": [
[
"take hold",
"take hold"
],
[
"engulf",
"engulf"
],
[
"rule",
"rule"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) to take hold of; to engulf; to rule over"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to hold (to own, to keep)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-~JUwLYn2",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to hold prisoner"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-eHQ0vabZ",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"prisoner",
"prisoner"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to hold, to keep (to have and work in a position)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-OLaJXzlT",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 3 6 3 4 6 2 19 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 7 5 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to not give away; to observe e.g. a rule)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-J7~ECx6~",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to consider as"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-fJiDsTrR",
"links": [
[
"consider",
"consider"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to keep, to hold (to have something in a particular place)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-DYmTpxm8",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to contain (to have within oneself)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-yZEo-PZB",
"links": [
[
"contain",
"contain"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to receive, to gain"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-3lQElDSC",
"links": [
[
"receive",
"receive"
],
[
"gain",
"gain"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to belong to"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-A~cnyY0S",
"links": [
[
"belong",
"belong"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to maintain, to sustain (to support someone)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-N7CXx0rj",
"links": [
[
"maintain",
"maintain"
],
[
"sustain",
"sustain"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to maintain (to be of the opinion)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-viGjDNWg",
"links": [
[
"maintain",
"maintain"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to maintain (to be of the opinion)",
"to agree with [+ z (instrumental) = with whom]",
"to agree with"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-ie65sDLF",
"links": [
[
"maintain",
"maintain"
],
[
"agree",
"agree"
],
[
"z",
"z#Old Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to maintain (to be of the opinion)",
"to agree with [+ z (instrumental) = with whom]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to stick to, to adhere to something [+ na (accusative) = to what]",
"to stick to, to adhere to something"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-4pqcZwOc",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Old Polish"
],
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"adhere",
"adhere"
],
[
"na",
"na#Old Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to stick to, to adhere to something [+ na (accusative) = to what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to refer to [+ ku (dative) = to what]",
"to refer to"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-J8g0JzJf",
"links": [
[
"refer",
"refer"
],
[
"ku",
"ku#Old Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to refer to [+ ku (dative) = to what]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"id": "en-trzymać-zlw-opl-verb-xvbE2kAR",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tr̝imat͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/tr̝imat͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "trzymać"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trzymaj się"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trzymaj się ciepło"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grupa trzymająca władzę"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "złapał Kozak Tatarzyna, a Tatarzyn za łeb trzyma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "dotrzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dotrzymywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "otrzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "otrzymywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podtrzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "podtrzymywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "potrzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "powstrzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "powstrzymywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przetrzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przetrzymywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przytrzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przytrzymywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "utrzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "utrzymywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wstrzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wstrzymywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wytrzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wytrzymywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zatrzymać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zatrzymywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pieniądze się nie trzymają"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać bank"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać do chrztu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać gębę na kłódkę"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać język na wodzy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać język za zębami"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "utrzymać język za zębami"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać karty przy orderach"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać kciuki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać krótko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać na dystans"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać na smyczy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać na uwięzi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać nerwy na wodzy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać rękę na pulsie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać się czegoś zębami i pazurami"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać się kupy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać się matczynej spódnicy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać się na dystans"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać się przy życiu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać się razem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać się za kieszeń"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać stronę"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać sztamę"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać w garści"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać w szachu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "utrzymać w szachu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać wszystkie nici"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać za słowo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "żarty się trzymają"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "třímat",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: třímat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: třímat"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "trzymać",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish trzymać",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "trzymać"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish trzymać",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish trzymać.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymamy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymasz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymacie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "trzyma",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymają",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzyma się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymaliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymaliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "będę trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie trzymać się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymalibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymalibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymaliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymano by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech trzymam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymajmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymaj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymajcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech trzyma",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech trzymają",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymający",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymająca",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymające",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymający",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymające",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymany",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymając",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"contemporary",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymanie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "trzymać impf",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"trzy‧mać"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trzyma",
"2": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trzymać",
"2": "trzymam",
"3": "trzyma",
"4": "trzymają",
"5": "trzyma",
"6": "trzyma",
"7": "trzyma",
"8": "trzymaj",
"ip": "trzymano",
"pp": "trzyman",
"pp2": "trzymani",
"vn": "trzymanie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "puszczać"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to hold (to keep something in one's hand, fingers, teeth, etc., not letting go) [+ w (locative) = in what] [+ na (locative) = on what] [+ za (accusative) = by what]",
"to hold (to keep something in one's hand, fingers, teeth, etc., not letting go) [+ w (locative) = in what] [+ na (locative) = on what]"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-fPBS38Hh",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"w",
"w#Polish"
],
[
"na",
"na#Polish"
],
[
"za",
"za#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to hold (to keep something in one's hand, fingers, teeth, etc., not letting go) [+ w (locative) = in what] [+ na (locative) = on what] [+ za (accusative) = by what]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dzierżyć"
},
{
"word": "utrzymywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to hold, to keep (to cause a person or animal to stay somewhere against his, her, or its will)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-mwlEO7Ub",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to hold, to keep (to cause a person or animal to stay somewhere against his, her, or its will)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 1 13 1 3 14 2 1 4 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 5 1 1 6 2 2 9 8 5 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to place something somewhere so as to have it in that location for some period of time)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-wQiY3WlT",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to keep (to place something somewhere so as to have it in that location for some period of time)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przechowywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to be the reason someone does not leave a place)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-lmO~pZw6",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to keep (to be the reason someone does not leave a place)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to stick with, to hang around with (to eagerly keep contact with someone, support that person, and in turn receive support from that person) [+ z (instrumental) = with whom]",
"to stick with, to hang around with (to eagerly keep contact with someone, support that person, and in turn receive support from that person)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-t-X5GtiF",
"links": [
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"hang around",
"hang around"
],
[
"z",
"z#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to stick with, to hang around with (to eagerly keep contact with someone, support that person, and in turn receive support from that person) [+ z (instrumental) = with whom]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 1 13 1 3 14 2 1 4 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 5 1 1 6 2 2 9 8 5 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to keep, to hold onto (to not lose e.g. a trait despite the passage of time)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-gUDj9SzE",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"hold onto",
"hold onto"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to keep, to hold onto (to not lose e.g. a trait despite the passage of time)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to share one's property under certain stipulations)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-GFDLW7mP",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, dated) to keep (to share one's property under certain stipulations)"
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to rear; to ensure the growth of an animal)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-AG9h9yNA",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, colloquial) to keep (to rear; to ensure the growth of an animal)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chować"
},
{
"word": "hodować"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to cause someone to remain to be in or have a particular state) [+ w (locative) = in what]",
"to keep (to cause someone to remain to be in or have a particular state)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-VmjWtzlh",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"w",
"w#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to keep (to cause someone to remain to be in or have a particular state) [+ w (locative) = in what]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "podtrzymywać"
},
{
"word": "utrzymywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to perform an action)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-zD0f2BIT",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to keep (to perform an action)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "puszczać"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to keep, to hold (to not fall apart; to not cause to fall apart; to bond strongly)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-1I-xvPPf",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to keep, to hold (to not fall apart; to not cause to fall apart; to bond strongly)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "puszczać"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to not pass; to not cease; to continue or last)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-QAs2woqc",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to keep (to not pass; to not cease; to continue or last)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trwać"
},
{
"word": "utrzymywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to supervise someone; to keep eye on)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-K9M3AAqT",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to keep (to supervise someone; to keep eye on)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to have somewhere)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-zR1Nmiip",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to keep (to have somewhere)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to hold, to keep (to have something under one's management)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-zflUW9cg",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) to hold, to keep (to have something under one's management)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to hold (to maintain or work in a particular function or position)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-RW8gLUKf",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to hold (to maintain or work in a particular function or position)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sprawować"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to hold (to be of a particular opinion, to maintain)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-BwPjAcBX",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) to hold (to be of a particular opinion, to maintain)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to hold (to contain or number)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-sLy~qzHP",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to hold (to contain or number)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to hold, to hold up (to hold or support so as to not let fall)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-O7TvGOxn",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"hold up",
"hold up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to hold, to hold up (to hold or support so as to not let fall)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "podtrzymywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to hold, to keep (to fulfill e.g. a promise)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-~WWyhNQJ",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to hold, to keep (to fulfill e.g. a promise)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to support (to vote for; to show one's preference for) [+ na (accusative) = whom]",
"to support (to vote for; to show one's preference for)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-qtXOh9TC",
"links": [
[
"support",
"support"
],
[
"na",
"na#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) to support (to vote for; to show one's preference for) [+ na (accusative) = whom]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Hunting",
"orig": "pl:Hunting",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to chase for a lone time"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-YbyO26Ik",
"links": [
[
"hunting",
"hunting#Noun"
],
[
"chase",
"chase"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete, hunting, of dogs) to chase for a lone time"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of dogs"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "puszczać"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to hold onto (to grab something with one's hands to maintain a position) [+genitive = what] [+ za (accusative) = by what]",
"to hold onto (to grab something with one's hands to maintain a position) [+genitive = what]"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-hz9UvDFC",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"hold onto",
"hold onto"
],
[
"za",
"za#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to hold onto (to grab something with one's hands to maintain a position) [+genitive = what] [+ za (accusative) = by what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przytrzymywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to hold oneself (to grab oneself by some body part) [+ za (accusative) = by what]",
"to hold oneself (to grab oneself by some body part)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-uFijhRL4",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"za",
"za#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to hold oneself (to grab oneself by some body part) [+ za (accusative) = by what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "puszczać"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to hold hands",
"text": "trzymać się za ręce",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hold each other (to grab one another by some body part) [+ za (accusative) = by what]",
"to hold each other (to grab one another by some body part)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-~avArg93",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"za",
"za#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to hold each other (to grab one another by some body part) [+ za (accusative) = by what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chwytać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "odpadać"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to hold onto (to be fixed to somehow so as to have one's position remain stable) [+ na (locative) = ]",
"to hold onto (to be fixed to somehow so as to have one's position remain stable)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-J-MBQltc",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"hold onto",
"hold onto"
],
[
"na",
"na#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to hold onto (to be fixed to somehow so as to have one's position remain stable) [+ na (locative) = ]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tkwić"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to hold up (to maintain a good state despite difficulties)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-4xlsncth",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"hold up",
"hold up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to hold up (to maintain a good state despite difficulties)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to stick to, to hold onto, to keep with (to maintain social or physical contact with someone) [+genitive = whom/what]",
"to stick to, to hold onto, to keep with (to maintain social or physical contact with someone)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-C-MtJBhG",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"stick to",
"stick to"
],
[
"hold onto",
"hold onto"
],
[
"keep with",
"keep with"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to stick to, to hold onto, to keep with (to maintain social or physical contact with someone) [+genitive = whom/what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przestawać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "zbaczać"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to stick to (to not leave a particular place, e.g. a trail) [+genitive = what]",
"to stick to (to not leave a particular place, e.g. a trail)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-D4xFY-n9",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"stick to",
"stick to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to stick to (to not leave a particular place, e.g. a trail) [+genitive = what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to stick to, to keep (to follow or maintain e.g. rules or norms) [+genitive = at]",
"to stick to, to keep (to follow or maintain e.g. rules or norms)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-MBizmB~U",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"stick to",
"stick to"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to stick to, to keep (to follow or maintain e.g. rules or norms) [+genitive = at]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przestrzegać"
},
{
"word": "stosować"
},
{
"word": "zastosowywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to keep, to hold on (to not be defeated, beaten, or replaced)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-oOdPvoZc",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"hold on",
"hold on"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to keep, to hold on (to not be defeated, beaten, or replaced)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to keep, to stick to (to maintain some attitude)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-zZCBh44u",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"stick to",
"stick to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, colloquial) to keep, to stick to (to maintain some attitude)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to fight or resist)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-7y7y4ico",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, colloquial) to keep (to fight or resist)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to reside, to live somewhere"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-IIxgJFF3",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"reside",
"reside"
],
[
"live",
"live"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, colloquial, of animals) to reside, to live somewhere"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of animals",
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to grow somewhere"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-cEkECStn",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"grow",
"grow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, colloquial, of plants) to grow somewhere"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of plants",
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rosnąć"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to stop (to cease moment or action)"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-zMlbvYQH",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete) to stop (to cease moment or action)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to consider oneself as"
],
"id": "en-trzymać-pl-verb-mTx0tjpm",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete) to consider oneself as"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʂɨ.mat͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʂɨ.mat͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtr̝ɨ.mat͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɨmat͡ɕ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "trzymać"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish imperfective verbs",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "trzymały"
},
{
"word": "trzymanie"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "otrzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "otrzymawać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "otrzymować"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "strzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wstrzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wstrzymawać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wstrzymować"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wtrzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wystrzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wytrzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zatrzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zatrzymawać"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-mas",
"2": "trżimacz"
},
"expansion": "Masurian: trżimacz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Masurian: trżimacz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "trzymać"
},
"expansion": "Polish: trzymać\n→ Czech: třímat",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Polish: trzymać\n→ Czech: třímat"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "trzimać"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: trzimać",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: trzimać"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "тримати",
"3": "тримать",
"4": "трымати",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Ruthenian: тримати (trimati), тримать (trimatʹ), трымати (trymati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Ruthenian: тримати (trimati), тримать (trimatʹ), трымати (trymati)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "трыма́ць"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: трыма́ць (trymácʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: трыма́ць (trymácʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "три́мати"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: три́мати (trýmaty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: три́мати (trýmaty)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "трима́ти"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: трима́ти (trymáty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: трима́ти (trymáty)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*trimati",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *trimati",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*trimati"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trimati",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century.",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trimati. First attested in the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "trzymać impf",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "wtrzymujący"
},
{
"word": "zatrzymany"
},
{
"word": "otrzymanie"
},
{
"word": "strzymanie"
},
{
"word": "wstrzymanie"
},
{
"word": "wstrzymawanie"
},
{
"word": "wtrzymanie"
},
{
"word": "zatrzymanie"
},
{
"word": "zatrzymawanie"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to hold (having grabbed something, to not let go)"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to grab, to take"
],
"links": [
[
"grab",
"grab"
],
[
"take",
"take"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to cooperate with someone, to be someone's accomplice [+ z (instrumental) = with whom]",
"to cooperate with someone, to be someone's accomplice"
],
"links": [
[
"cooperate",
"cooperate"
],
[
"accomplice",
"accomplice"
],
[
"z",
"z#Old Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to cooperate with someone, to be someone's accomplice [+ z (instrumental) = with whom]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to take hold of; to engulf; to rule over"
],
"links": [
[
"take hold",
"take hold"
],
[
"engulf",
"engulf"
],
[
"rule",
"rule"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) to take hold of; to engulf; to rule over"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to hold (to own, to keep)"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to hold prisoner"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"prisoner",
"prisoner"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to hold, to keep (to have and work in a position)"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to keep (to not give away; to observe e.g. a rule)"
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to consider as"
],
"links": [
[
"consider",
"consider"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to keep, to hold (to have something in a particular place)"
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to contain (to have within oneself)"
],
"links": [
[
"contain",
"contain"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to receive, to gain"
],
"links": [
[
"receive",
"receive"
],
[
"gain",
"gain"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to belong to"
],
"links": [
[
"belong",
"belong"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to maintain, to sustain (to support someone)"
],
"links": [
[
"maintain",
"maintain"
],
[
"sustain",
"sustain"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to maintain (to be of the opinion)"
],
"links": [
[
"maintain",
"maintain"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to maintain (to be of the opinion)",
"to agree with [+ z (instrumental) = with whom]",
"to agree with"
],
"links": [
[
"maintain",
"maintain"
],
[
"agree",
"agree"
],
[
"z",
"z#Old Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to maintain (to be of the opinion)",
"to agree with [+ z (instrumental) = with whom]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to stick to, to adhere to something [+ na (accusative) = to what]",
"to stick to, to adhere to something"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Old Polish"
],
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"adhere",
"adhere"
],
[
"na",
"na#Old Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to stick to, to adhere to something [+ na (accusative) = to what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to refer to [+ ku (dative) = to what]",
"to refer to"
],
"links": [
[
"refer",
"refer"
],
[
"ku",
"ku#Old Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to refer to [+ ku (dative) = to what]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tr̝imat͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/tr̝imat͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "trzymać"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish imperfective verbs",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish verbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɨmat͡ɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɨmat͡ɕ/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "trzymaj się"
},
{
"word": "trzymaj się ciepło"
},
{
"word": "grupa trzymająca władzę"
},
{
"word": "złapał Kozak Tatarzyna, a Tatarzyn za łeb trzyma"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "dotrzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dotrzymywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "otrzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "otrzymywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podtrzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "podtrzymywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "potrzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "powstrzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "powstrzymywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przetrzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przetrzymywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przytrzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przytrzymywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "utrzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "utrzymywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wstrzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wstrzymywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wytrzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wytrzymywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zatrzymać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zatrzymywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pieniądze się nie trzymają"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać bank"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać do chrztu"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać gębę na kłódkę"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać język na wodzy"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać język za zębami"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "utrzymać język za zębami"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać karty przy orderach"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać kciuki"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać krótko"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać na dystans"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać na smyczy"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać na uwięzi"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać nerwy na wodzy"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać rękę na pulsie"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać się czegoś zębami i pazurami"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać się kupy"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać się matczynej spódnicy"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać się na dystans"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać się przy życiu"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać się razem"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać się za kieszeń"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać stronę"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać sztamę"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać w garści"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać w szachu"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "utrzymać w szachu"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać wszystkie nici"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trzymać za słowo"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "żarty się trzymają"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "třímat",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: třímat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: třímat"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "trzymać",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish trzymać",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "trzymać"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish trzymać",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish trzymać.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymamy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymasz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymacie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "trzyma",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymają",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzyma się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymaliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymaliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "będę trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą trzymać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie trzymać się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymalibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymalibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by trzymał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by trzymała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by trzymało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymaliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by trzymali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymałyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by trzymały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymano by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech trzymam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymajmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymaj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymajcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech trzyma",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech trzymają",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymający",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymająca",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymające",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymający",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymające",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymany",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymając",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"contemporary",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "trzymanie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "trzymać impf",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"trzy‧mać"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trzyma",
"2": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trzymać",
"2": "trzymam",
"3": "trzyma",
"4": "trzymają",
"5": "trzyma",
"6": "trzyma",
"7": "trzyma",
"8": "trzymaj",
"ip": "trzymano",
"pp": "trzyman",
"pp2": "trzymani",
"vn": "trzymanie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "puszczać"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to hold (to keep something in one's hand, fingers, teeth, etc., not letting go) [+ w (locative) = in what] [+ na (locative) = on what] [+ za (accusative) = by what]",
"to hold (to keep something in one's hand, fingers, teeth, etc., not letting go) [+ w (locative) = in what] [+ na (locative) = on what]"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"w",
"w#Polish"
],
[
"na",
"na#Polish"
],
[
"za",
"za#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to hold (to keep something in one's hand, fingers, teeth, etc., not letting go) [+ w (locative) = in what] [+ na (locative) = on what] [+ za (accusative) = by what]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dzierżyć"
},
{
"word": "utrzymywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to hold, to keep (to cause a person or animal to stay somewhere against his, her, or its will)"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to hold, to keep (to cause a person or animal to stay somewhere against his, her, or its will)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to place something somewhere so as to have it in that location for some period of time)"
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to keep (to place something somewhere so as to have it in that location for some period of time)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przechowywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to be the reason someone does not leave a place)"
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to keep (to be the reason someone does not leave a place)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to stick with, to hang around with (to eagerly keep contact with someone, support that person, and in turn receive support from that person) [+ z (instrumental) = with whom]",
"to stick with, to hang around with (to eagerly keep contact with someone, support that person, and in turn receive support from that person)"
],
"links": [
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"hang around",
"hang around"
],
[
"z",
"z#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to stick with, to hang around with (to eagerly keep contact with someone, support that person, and in turn receive support from that person) [+ z (instrumental) = with whom]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to keep, to hold onto (to not lose e.g. a trait despite the passage of time)"
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"hold onto",
"hold onto"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to keep, to hold onto (to not lose e.g. a trait despite the passage of time)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish dated terms",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to share one's property under certain stipulations)"
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, dated) to keep (to share one's property under certain stipulations)"
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish colloquialisms",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to rear; to ensure the growth of an animal)"
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, colloquial) to keep (to rear; to ensure the growth of an animal)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chować"
},
{
"word": "hodować"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to cause someone to remain to be in or have a particular state) [+ w (locative) = in what]",
"to keep (to cause someone to remain to be in or have a particular state)"
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"w",
"w#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to keep (to cause someone to remain to be in or have a particular state) [+ w (locative) = in what]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "podtrzymywać"
},
{
"word": "utrzymywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to perform an action)"
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to keep (to perform an action)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "puszczać"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to keep, to hold (to not fall apart; to not cause to fall apart; to bond strongly)"
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to keep, to hold (to not fall apart; to not cause to fall apart; to bond strongly)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "puszczać"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to not pass; to not cease; to continue or last)"
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to keep (to not pass; to not cease; to continue or last)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trwać"
},
{
"word": "utrzymywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to supervise someone; to keep eye on)"
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to keep (to supervise someone; to keep eye on)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to have somewhere)"
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to keep (to have somewhere)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with archaic senses",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to hold, to keep (to have something under one's management)"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) to hold, to keep (to have something under one's management)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to hold (to maintain or work in a particular function or position)"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to hold (to maintain or work in a particular function or position)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sprawować"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish intransitive verbs",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to hold (to be of a particular opinion, to maintain)"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) to hold (to be of a particular opinion, to maintain)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to hold (to contain or number)"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to hold (to contain or number)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to hold, to hold up (to hold or support so as to not let fall)"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"hold up",
"hold up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to hold, to hold up (to hold or support so as to not let fall)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "podtrzymywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to hold, to keep (to fulfill e.g. a promise)"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to hold, to keep (to fulfill e.g. a promise)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish intransitive verbs",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to support (to vote for; to show one's preference for) [+ na (accusative) = whom]",
"to support (to vote for; to show one's preference for)"
],
"links": [
[
"support",
"support"
],
[
"na",
"na#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) to support (to vote for; to show one's preference for) [+ na (accusative) = whom]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish transitive verbs",
"pl:Hunting"
],
"glosses": [
"to chase for a lone time"
],
"links": [
[
"hunting",
"hunting#Noun"
],
[
"chase",
"chase"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete, hunting, of dogs) to chase for a lone time"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of dogs"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "puszczać"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to hold onto (to grab something with one's hands to maintain a position) [+genitive = what] [+ za (accusative) = by what]",
"to hold onto (to grab something with one's hands to maintain a position) [+genitive = what]"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"hold onto",
"hold onto"
],
[
"za",
"za#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to hold onto (to grab something with one's hands to maintain a position) [+genitive = what] [+ za (accusative) = by what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przytrzymywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to hold oneself (to grab oneself by some body part) [+ za (accusative) = by what]",
"to hold oneself (to grab oneself by some body part)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"za",
"za#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to hold oneself (to grab oneself by some body part) [+ za (accusative) = by what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "puszczać"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs",
"Polish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to hold hands",
"text": "trzymać się za ręce",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hold each other (to grab one another by some body part) [+ za (accusative) = by what]",
"to hold each other (to grab one another by some body part)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"za",
"za#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to hold each other (to grab one another by some body part) [+ za (accusative) = by what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chwytać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "odpadać"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to hold onto (to be fixed to somehow so as to have one's position remain stable) [+ na (locative) = ]",
"to hold onto (to be fixed to somehow so as to have one's position remain stable)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"hold onto",
"hold onto"
],
[
"na",
"na#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to hold onto (to be fixed to somehow so as to have one's position remain stable) [+ na (locative) = ]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tkwić"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to hold up (to maintain a good state despite difficulties)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"hold up",
"hold up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to hold up (to maintain a good state despite difficulties)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to stick to, to hold onto, to keep with (to maintain social or physical contact with someone) [+genitive = whom/what]",
"to stick to, to hold onto, to keep with (to maintain social or physical contact with someone)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"stick to",
"stick to"
],
[
"hold onto",
"hold onto"
],
[
"keep with",
"keep with"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to stick to, to hold onto, to keep with (to maintain social or physical contact with someone) [+genitive = whom/what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przestawać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "zbaczać"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to stick to (to not leave a particular place, e.g. a trail) [+genitive = what]",
"to stick to (to not leave a particular place, e.g. a trail)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"stick to",
"stick to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to stick to (to not leave a particular place, e.g. a trail) [+genitive = what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to stick to, to keep (to follow or maintain e.g. rules or norms) [+genitive = at]",
"to stick to, to keep (to follow or maintain e.g. rules or norms)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"stick to",
"stick to"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to stick to, to keep (to follow or maintain e.g. rules or norms) [+genitive = at]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przestrzegać"
},
{
"word": "stosować"
},
{
"word": "zastosowywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to keep, to hold on (to not be defeated, beaten, or replaced)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"hold on",
"hold on"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to keep, to hold on (to not be defeated, beaten, or replaced)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish colloquialisms",
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to keep, to stick to (to maintain some attitude)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"stick to",
"stick to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, colloquial) to keep, to stick to (to maintain some attitude)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish colloquialisms",
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to fight or resist)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, colloquial) to keep (to fight or resist)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish colloquialisms",
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to reside, to live somewhere"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"reside",
"reside"
],
[
"live",
"live"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, colloquial, of animals) to reside, to live somewhere"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of animals",
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish colloquialisms",
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to grow somewhere"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"grow",
"grow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, colloquial, of plants) to grow somewhere"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of plants",
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rosnąć"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to stop (to cease moment or action)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"stop",
"stop"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete) to stop (to cease moment or action)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to consider oneself as"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete) to consider oneself as"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʂɨ.mat͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʂɨ.mat͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtr̝ɨ.mat͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɨmat͡ɕ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "trzymać"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.