See thrall on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "thral"
},
"expansion": "Middle English thral",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þrǣl",
"t": "thrall, slave, servant"
},
"expansion": "Old English þrǣl (“thrall, slave, servant”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "þræll",
"t": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse þræll (“slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þrahilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þrahilaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*trāgʰ-",
"t": "to pull, drag, race, run"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trāgʰ- (“to pull, drag, race, run”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (þragjan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "þrǣġan",
"t": "to run"
},
"expansion": "Old English þrǣġan (“to run”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English thral, thralle, threl, threlle, from Old English þrǣl (“thrall, slave, servant”), from Old Norse þræll (“slave”), from Proto-Germanic *þrahilaz, *þragilaz, *þrigilaz (“runner, gofer, servant”), from Proto-Indo-European *trāgʰ- (“to pull, drag, race, run”); according to ODS probably related to Gothic 𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (þragjan), Old English þrǣġan (“to run”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thralls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "thrall (countable and uncountable, plural thralls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "thralldom"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 28 33 7 16",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Slaves",
"orig": "en:Slaves",
"parents": [
"Servants",
"Slavery",
"Occupations",
"Society",
"Work",
"People",
"All topics",
"Human activity",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Human behaviour"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “(please specify the story)”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:",
"text": "My servant, which that is my thrall by right",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1885–1888, Richard F[rancis] Burton, transl. and editor, Supplemental Nights to the Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night […], Shammar edition, volume (please specify the volume), [London]: […] Burton Club […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Hereat its Marid appeared and said to him, \"Adsum! thy thrall between thy hands is come: ask of me whatso thou wantest.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1915, Jack London, The Star Rover:",
"text": "And there were household slaves in golden collars that burned of a plenty there with her, and nine female thralls, and eight male slaves of the Angles that were of gentle birth and battle-captured.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who is enslaved or under mind control."
],
"id": "en-thrall-en-noun-E9DrSjct",
"links": [
[
"enslaved",
"enslaved"
],
[
"mind control",
"mind control"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rob",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "роб"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esclau"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "træl"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "slaaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "lijfeigene"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "esclave"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "servant"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "Leibeigene"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "rab"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "szolga"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "rabszolga"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "essere schiavo"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "plenik",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пленик"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rob",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "роб"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sleab"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esclau"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "esclava"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sèrv"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sèrva"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "servo"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "escravo"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nevolʹnik",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "невольник"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rab",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "раб"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esclavo"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "träl"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caethwas"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 22 4",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "caethferch"
}
]
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"_dis": "13 16 65 5",
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{
"_dis": "15 28 33 7 16",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Slaves",
"orig": "en:Slaves",
"parents": [
"Servants",
"Slavery",
"Occupations",
"Society",
"Work",
"People",
"All topics",
"Human activity",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Human behaviour"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "in thrall to",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1864, Herman Melville, Mardi:",
"text": "Go: release him from the thrall of Hautia.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1889, Jerome K. Jerome, chapter 12, in Three Men in a Boat […] :",
"text": "[Y]our friend, John Edward, is at the other end of the room with his whole soul held in thrall by photographs of other people's relatives.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1911, Saki, The Easter Egg:",
"text": "In her brain she was dimly conscious of balancing, or striving to balance, the abject shame which had him now in thrall against the one compelling act of courage which had flung him grandly and madly on to the point of danger.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017 March 27, “The Observer view on triggering article 50”, in The Observer:",
"text": "A more enlightened Conservative prime minister, better attuned to the “one nation” tradition of the party of Disraeli and Macmillan, less in thrall to Little Englanders, and less intimidated by the peculiarly vicious and Manichaean worldview of the Daily Mail, would have taken a more consensual approach.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 November 16, Paul Salveson, “Labour and transport: the important role of the regions”, in RAIL, number 970, page 31:",
"text": "Labour needs to engage positively with the unions on wider policy issues, but not be in thrall with them.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The state of being under the control of another person."
],
"id": "en-thrall-en-noun-kFOWIeug",
"links": [
[
"control",
"control"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) The state of being under the control of another person."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "robstvo",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "робство"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "područí"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "poroba"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "otroctví"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "trældom"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "emprise"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servitude"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Leibeigenschaft"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"word": "rabság"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"word": "szolgaság"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"word": "rabszolgaság"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "plenstvo",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "пленство"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ropstvo",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ропство"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "podjarmenost",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "подјарменост"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servitud"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jo"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"word": "jugo"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "plen",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "плен"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rábstvo",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ра́бство"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 88 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "träldom"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A shelf; a stand for barrels, etc."
],
"id": "en-thrall-en-noun-7OIdi-ST",
"links": [
[
"shelf",
"shelf"
],
[
"stand",
"stand"
],
[
"barrel",
"barrel"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɹɔːl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɹɔl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɹɑl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-thrall.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/En-us-thrall.ogg/En-us-thrall.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/En-us-thrall.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-thrall.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/En-au-thrall.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːl"
}
],
"word": "thrall"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "thral"
},
"expansion": "Middle English thral",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þrǣl",
"t": "thrall, slave, servant"
},
"expansion": "Old English þrǣl (“thrall, slave, servant”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "þræll",
"t": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse þræll (“slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þrahilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þrahilaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*trāgʰ-",
"t": "to pull, drag, race, run"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trāgʰ- (“to pull, drag, race, run”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (þragjan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "þrǣġan",
"t": "to run"
},
"expansion": "Old English þrǣġan (“to run”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English thral, thralle, threl, threlle, from Old English þrǣl (“thrall, slave, servant”), from Old Norse þræll (“slave”), from Proto-Germanic *þrahilaz, *þragilaz, *þrigilaz (“runner, gofer, servant”), from Proto-Indo-European *trāgʰ- (“to pull, drag, race, run”); according to ODS probably related to Gothic 𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (þragjan), Old English þrǣġan (“to run”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more thrall",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most thrall",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "thrall (comparative more thrall, superlative most thrall)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 28 33 7 16",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Slaves",
"orig": "en:Slaves",
"parents": [
"Servants",
"Slavery",
"Occupations",
"Society",
"Work",
"People",
"All topics",
"Human activity",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Human behaviour"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1536, Thomas Wyatt, Satire I:",
"text": "Rather than to live thrall, under the awe\nOf lordly lokes, wrapped within my cloke […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Enthralled; captive."
],
"id": "en-thrall-en-adj-I3E0lgIs",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Enthralled; captive."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɹɔːl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɹɔl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɹɑl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-thrall.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/En-us-thrall.ogg/En-us-thrall.ogg.mp3",
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"audio": "en-au-thrall.ogg",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːl"
}
],
"word": "thrall"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "thrallen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English thrallen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þræla"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse þræla",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English thrallen, from the noun above. Compare Old Norse þræla.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thralls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thralling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thralled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "thralled",
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"past"
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}
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 28 33 7 16",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
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"Human activity",
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"Fundamental",
"Human behaviour"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "thirl"
},
{
"word": "thrallage"
},
{
"word": "thirlage"
}
],
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"To make a thrall; enslave."
],
"id": "en-thrall-en-verb-1xVfkdhd",
"links": [
[
"enslave",
"enslave"
]
],
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{
"word": "enthrall"
},
{
"word": "inthrall"
}
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/θɹɔːl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɹɔl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɹɑl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/En-au-thrall.ogg"
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{
"rhymes": "-ɔːl"
}
],
"word": "thrall"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
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"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "thrall",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "thral"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of thral"
],
"id": "en-thrall-enm-noun-j2PwdKCq",
"links": [
[
"thral",
"thral#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "thrall"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "thrall",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "thral"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of thral"
],
"id": "en-thrall-enm-adj-j2PwdKCq",
"links": [
[
"thral",
"thral#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "thrall"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
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"2": "verb"
},
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],
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
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{
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{
"word": "thrallen"
}
],
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"Alternative form of thrallen"
],
"id": "en-thrall-enm-verb-gIZOPnKZ",
"links": [
[
"thrallen",
"thrallen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "thrall"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːl",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːl/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Slaves"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "thral"
},
"expansion": "Middle English thral",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þrǣl",
"t": "thrall, slave, servant"
},
"expansion": "Old English þrǣl (“thrall, slave, servant”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "þræll",
"t": "slave"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þrahilaz"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*trāgʰ-",
"t": "to pull, drag, race, run"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trāgʰ- (“to pull, drag, race, run”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (þragjan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "þrǣġan",
"t": "to run"
},
"expansion": "Old English þrǣġan (“to run”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English thral, thralle, threl, threlle, from Old English þrǣl (“thrall, slave, servant”), from Old Norse þræll (“slave”), from Proto-Germanic *þrahilaz, *þragilaz, *þrigilaz (“runner, gofer, servant”), from Proto-Indo-European *trāgʰ- (“to pull, drag, race, run”); according to ODS probably related to Gothic 𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (þragjan), Old English þrǣġan (“to run”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thralls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "thrall (countable and uncountable, plural thralls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "thralldom"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “(please specify the story)”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:",
"text": "My servant, which that is my thrall by right",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1885–1888, Richard F[rancis] Burton, transl. and editor, Supplemental Nights to the Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night […], Shammar edition, volume (please specify the volume), [London]: […] Burton Club […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Hereat its Marid appeared and said to him, \"Adsum! thy thrall between thy hands is come: ask of me whatso thou wantest.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1915, Jack London, The Star Rover:",
"text": "And there were household slaves in golden collars that burned of a plenty there with her, and nine female thralls, and eight male slaves of the Angles that were of gentle birth and battle-captured.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who is enslaved or under mind control."
],
"links": [
[
"enslaved",
"enslaved"
],
[
"mind control",
"mind control"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "in thrall to",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1864, Herman Melville, Mardi:",
"text": "Go: release him from the thrall of Hautia.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1889, Jerome K. Jerome, chapter 12, in Three Men in a Boat […] :",
"text": "[Y]our friend, John Edward, is at the other end of the room with his whole soul held in thrall by photographs of other people's relatives.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1911, Saki, The Easter Egg:",
"text": "In her brain she was dimly conscious of balancing, or striving to balance, the abject shame which had him now in thrall against the one compelling act of courage which had flung him grandly and madly on to the point of danger.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017 March 27, “The Observer view on triggering article 50”, in The Observer:",
"text": "A more enlightened Conservative prime minister, better attuned to the “one nation” tradition of the party of Disraeli and Macmillan, less in thrall to Little Englanders, and less intimidated by the peculiarly vicious and Manichaean worldview of the Daily Mail, would have taken a more consensual approach.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 November 16, Paul Salveson, “Labour and transport: the important role of the regions”, in RAIL, number 970, page 31:",
"text": "Labour needs to engage positively with the unions on wider policy issues, but not be in thrall with them.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The state of being under the control of another person."
],
"links": [
[
"control",
"control"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) The state of being under the control of another person."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A shelf; a stand for barrels, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"shelf",
"shelf"
],
[
"stand",
"stand"
],
[
"barrel",
"barrel"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɹɔːl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɹɔl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɹɑl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-thrall.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/En-us-thrall.ogg/En-us-thrall.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/En-us-thrall.ogg"
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/En-au-thrall.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rob",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "роб"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esclau"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "træl"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "slaaf"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "lijfeigene"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "esclave"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "servant"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "Leibeigene"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "rab"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "szolga"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "rabszolga"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "essere schiavo"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "plenik",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пленик"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rob",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "роб"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sleab"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esclau"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "esclava"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sèrv"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sèrva"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "servo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"word": "escravo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nevolʹnik",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "невольник"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rab",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "раб"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esclavo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "träl"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caethwas"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "one who is enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "caethferch"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "robstvo",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "робство"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "područí"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "poroba"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "otroctví"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "trældom"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "emprise"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servitude"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Leibeigenschaft"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"word": "rabság"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"word": "szolgaság"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"word": "rabszolgaság"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "plenstvo",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "пленство"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ropstvo",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ропство"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "podjarmenost",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "подјарменост"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servitud"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"word": "jugo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "plen",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "плен"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rábstvo",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ра́бство"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "the state of being enslaved",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "träldom"
}
],
"word": "thrall"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːl",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːl/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Slaves"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "thral"
},
"expansion": "Middle English thral",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þrǣl",
"t": "thrall, slave, servant"
},
"expansion": "Old English þrǣl (“thrall, slave, servant”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "þræll",
"t": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse þræll (“slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þrahilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þrahilaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*trāgʰ-",
"t": "to pull, drag, race, run"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trāgʰ- (“to pull, drag, race, run”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (þragjan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "þrǣġan",
"t": "to run"
},
"expansion": "Old English þrǣġan (“to run”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English thral, thralle, threl, threlle, from Old English þrǣl (“thrall, slave, servant”), from Old Norse þræll (“slave”), from Proto-Germanic *þrahilaz, *þragilaz, *þrigilaz (“runner, gofer, servant”), from Proto-Indo-European *trāgʰ- (“to pull, drag, race, run”); according to ODS probably related to Gothic 𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (þragjan), Old English þrǣġan (“to run”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more thrall",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most thrall",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "thrall (comparative more thrall, superlative most thrall)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1536, Thomas Wyatt, Satire I:",
"text": "Rather than to live thrall, under the awe\nOf lordly lokes, wrapped within my cloke […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Enthralled; captive."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Enthralled; captive."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɹɔːl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɹɔl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɹɑl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-thrall.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/En-us-thrall.ogg/En-us-thrall.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/En-us-thrall.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-thrall.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3c/En-au-thrall.ogg/En-au-thrall.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/En-au-thrall.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːl"
}
],
"word": "thrall"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːl",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːl/1 syllable",
"en:Slaves"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "thirl"
},
{
"word": "thrallage"
},
{
"word": "thirlage"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "thrallen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English thrallen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þræla"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse þræla",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English thrallen, from the noun above. Compare Old Norse þræla.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thralls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thralling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thralled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "thralled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "thrall (third-person singular simple present thralls, present participle thralling, simple past and past participle thralled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "enthrall"
},
{
"word": "inthrall"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To make a thrall; enslave."
],
"links": [
[
"enslave",
"enslave"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɹɔːl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɹɔl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɹɑl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-thrall.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/En-us-thrall.ogg/En-us-thrall.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/En-us-thrall.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-thrall.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3c/En-au-thrall.ogg/En-au-thrall.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/En-au-thrall.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːl"
}
],
"word": "thrall"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "thrall",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "thral"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of thral"
],
"links": [
[
"thral",
"thral#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "thrall"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "thrall",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "thral"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of thral"
],
"links": [
[
"thral",
"thral#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "thrall"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "thrall",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "thrallen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of thrallen"
],
"links": [
[
"thrallen",
"thrallen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "thrall"
}
Download raw JSONL data for thrall meaning in All languages combined (20.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.