See summon on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for summon meaning in All languages combined (36.2kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "summons"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "summon up"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*men- (think)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "somoundre"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman somoundre",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "sumundre"
},
"expansion": "Old French sumundre",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "summoneo",
"4": "summonēre"
},
"expansion": "Latin summonēre",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sub"
},
"expansion": "sub",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "moneo",
"3": "monēre"
},
"expansion": "monēre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*monéyeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *monéyeti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*men-",
"3": "",
"4": "to think"
},
"expansion": "*men- (“to think”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Anglo-Norman somoundre, from Old French sumundre, from Latin summonēre, itself from sub + monēre, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *monéyeti, causative from *men- (“to think”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summons",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "summoning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "summoned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "summoned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "summon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "summon (third-person singular simple present summons, present participle summoning, simple past and past participle summoned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007, John Zerzan, Silence",
"text": "Silence is primary, summoning presence to itself; so it's a connection to the realm of origin.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To call people together; to convene."
],
"id": "en-summon-en-verb-MEBCcRFb",
"links": [
[
"call",
"call"
],
[
"together",
"together"
],
[
"convene",
"convene"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To call people together; to convene."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "svikvam",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "свиквам"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "cridar"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "svolat"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "bijeenroepen"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "ꜥš",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "a:S-A2"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "kutsua koolle"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "convoquer"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "convier"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "zusammenrufen"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kaló",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "καλώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "zimmén",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "זִמֵּן"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "összehív"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "chiamare"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "raccogliere"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "convocare"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "riunire"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "adunare"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shōshū suru",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "召集する"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "vocō"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "arcessō"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "adhibeo"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "tūtū"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "wzywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "convocar"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "convoca"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "szyvátʹ",
"sense": "to call people together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сзыва́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sozvatʹ",
"sense": "to call people together",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "созвать"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prizyvátʹ",
"sense": "to call people together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "призыва́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prizvátʹ",
"sense": "to call people together",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "призва́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "sazvati"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "sklicati"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "convocar"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "llamar"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "reunir"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "citar"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "sammankalla"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sklykáty",
"sense": "to call people together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "склика́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sklýkaty",
"sense": "to call people together",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "скли́кати"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 0 0 8 0",
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "-biza"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 1 14 7 1 22 25 13 2 1 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 16 8 3 15 14 17 3 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms borrowed back into English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 3 3 25 27 25 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 16 8 2 13 15 14 13 5 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fictional characters",
"orig": "en:Fictional characters",
"parents": [
"Fiction",
"Artistic works",
"Art",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1995, Explorers & Discoverers, volume 2, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 753",
"text": "The cousins separated, and Nain Singh joined a caravan posing as a merchant. This time he crossed the border successfully. Singh eventually entered Jih-k’a-tse, the second-largest city in Tibet. It was in Jih-k’a-tse that he was summoned to meet the country’s second-highest religious authority, the Panchen Lama, who turned out to be only 11 years old.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ask someone to come; to send for."
],
"id": "en-summon-en-verb-SS0grPUI",
"links": [
[
"ask",
"ask"
],
[
"come",
"come"
],
[
"send for",
"send for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To ask someone to come; to send for."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "yastaḥḍir",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "يَسْتَحْضِر"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "yastadʕī",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "يَسْتَدْعِي"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vikam",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "викам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kanja",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "каня"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "citar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "přivolat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "ontbieden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "oproepen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "voki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "kutsua"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "convoquer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "convier"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "chamar por"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "convocar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "herbeirufen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "(by means of magic) beschwören",
"sense": "to ask someone to come"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "odahív"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "odarendel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "hív"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "hívat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "rendel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "kéret"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "behív"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "behívat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "berendel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "bekéret"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "chiamare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "mandare a chiamare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "convocare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yobidasu",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "呼び出す"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "vocō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "arcessō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "tūtū"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "tilkalle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "convocar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "convoca"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "chema"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zvatʹ",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "звать"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pozvátʹ",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "позва́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyzyvátʹ",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "вызыва́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výzvatʹ",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "вы́звать"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "dozvati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "prizvati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "pozvati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "llamar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "citar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "inbjuda"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "rappiñcu",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "రప్పించు"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vyklykáty",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "виклика́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 80 11 6 0 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "výklykaty",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ви́кликати"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 1 14 7 1 22 25 13 2 1 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 16 8 3 15 14 17 3 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms borrowed back into English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 3 3 25 27 25 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 16 8 2 13 15 14 13 5 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fictional characters",
"orig": "en:Fictional characters",
"parents": [
"Fiction",
"Artistic works",
"Art",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019 November 21, Samanth Subramanian, “How our home delivery habit reshaped the world”, in The Guardian",
"text": "You can summon groceries, alcohol and medicines to your home: chips and vodka on New Year’s Eve, say, and then aspirin on New Year’s Day.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To order (goods) and have delivered"
],
"id": "en-summon-en-verb-~jIjykQa",
"links": [
[
"order",
"order"
],
[
"deliver",
"deliver"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prizovavam",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "призовавам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "citar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "předvolat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "kutsua"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "haastaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "convoquer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"note": "citer à comparaître (to order someone to appear in court: citer quelqu’un à comparaître; to order someone to appear in court: citer à comparaître en justice)",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "emprazar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "vorladen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "gmh",
"lang": "Middle High German",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "vürladen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "goh",
"lang": "Old High German",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "foraladōn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "goh",
"lang": "Old High German",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "furiladōn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "idéz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "beidéz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "megidéz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "convocare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "citare in giudizio"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "intimare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shōkan suru",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "召喚する"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shuttō o meizuru",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "出頭を命ずる"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "convoco"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "arcessō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "hāmene"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "convocar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "intimar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyzyvátʹ",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "вызыва́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výzvatʹ",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "вы́звать"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "prizvati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "citar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vyklykáty",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "виклика́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 16 70 10 1 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "výklykaty",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ви́кликати"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 1 14 7 1 22 25 13 2 1 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 16 8 3 15 14 17 3 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms borrowed back into English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 3 3 25 27 25 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 16 8 2 13 15 14 13 5 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fictional characters",
"orig": "en:Fictional characters",
"parents": [
"Fiction",
"Artistic works",
"Art",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1866, Pierre Bigandet, The Life or Legend of Gaudama, the Buddha of the Burmese, with annotations and notice on the Phongyies or Burmese monks, page 396",
"text": "For securing the attainment of what he considered to be a most desirable end, he summoned all his abilities with a most praiseworthy energy and perseverance.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Sister Louise Sweigart, cgs, Joseph: A Guiding Light, Inspiring Voices →ISBN, page 61",
"text": "Joseph needed to summon all his reserve to keep his self-control, for no sooner had Asa voiced his request than Joseph recalled his remark to Aaron about a child being given to this couple in lieu of their giving Mary to him."
},
{
"text": "November 2 2014, Daniel Taylor, \"Sergio Agüero strike wins derby for Manchester City against 10-man United,\" guardian.co.uk\nCity will feel nonplussed when they review the tape and Pellegrini had to summon all his restraint in the post-match interviews."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rouse oneself to exert a skill."
],
"id": "en-summon-en-verb-ctzFCZQH",
"links": [
[
"exert",
"exert"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To rouse oneself to exert a skill."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "summon up"
},
{
"word": "muster"
},
{
"word": "muster up"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 2 1 95 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to rouse oneself to exert a skill",
"word": "koota"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 2 1 95 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to rouse oneself to exert a skill",
"word": "rassembler"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 2 1 95 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to rouse oneself to exert a skill",
"word": "zusammennehmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 2 1 95 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to rouse oneself to exert a skill",
"word": "aufbieten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 2 1 95 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to rouse oneself to exert a skill",
"word": "összeszed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 2 1 95 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to rouse oneself to exert a skill",
"word": "összegyűjt"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fantasy",
"orig": "en:Fantasy",
"parents": [
"Fiction",
"Speculative fiction",
"Artistic works",
"Genres",
"Art",
"Entertainment",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 16 7 1 11 13 14 21 5 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fictional abilities",
"orig": "en:Fictional abilities",
"parents": [
"Fiction",
"Speculative fiction",
"Artistic works",
"Genres",
"Art",
"Entertainment",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 16 8 2 13 15 14 13 5 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fictional characters",
"orig": "en:Fictional characters",
"parents": [
"Fiction",
"Artistic works",
"Art",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2010, Kay Hooper, The Wizard of Seattle, Fanfare",
"text": "“Why won't you teach me to summon water? I can summon fire so easily, it's only logical that I should learn to put out my mistakes.”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To call a resource by magic."
],
"id": "en-summon-en-verb-ZGM6Bpyz",
"links": [
[
"fantasy",
"fantasy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(fantasy, transitive) To call a resource by magic."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"fantasy"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 2 1 1 91 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "invocar"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 2 1 1 91 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "loihtia"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 2 1 1 91 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "manata esiin"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 2 1 1 91 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "invoquer"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 2 1 1 91 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "beschwören"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 2 1 1 91 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "megidéz"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 2 1 1 91 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "idéz"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 2 1 1 91 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "ēvōcō"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 2 1 1 91 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "ēliciō"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 2 1 1 91 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "evocar"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 2 1 1 91 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "invocar"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 2 1 1 91 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "llamar"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 2 1 1 91 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "invocar"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 2 1 1 91 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "mana fram"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "en:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To summons; convene."
],
"id": "en-summon-en-verb-wIU-4YQk",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"summons",
"summons"
],
[
"convene",
"convene"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law, transitive) To summons; convene."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌmən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌmən"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-summon.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/En-us-summon.ogg/En-us-summon.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/En-us-summon.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"summon"
],
"word": "summon"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*men- (think)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "somoundre"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman somoundre",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "sumundre"
},
"expansion": "Old French sumundre",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "summoneo",
"4": "summonēre"
},
"expansion": "Latin summonēre",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sub"
},
"expansion": "sub",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "moneo",
"3": "monēre"
},
"expansion": "monēre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*monéyeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *monéyeti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*men-",
"3": "",
"4": "to think"
},
"expansion": "*men- (“to think”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Anglo-Norman somoundre, from Old French sumundre, from Latin summonēre, itself from sub + monēre, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *monéyeti, causative from *men- (“to think”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "summon (plural summons)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Video games",
"orig": "en:Video games",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Mass media",
"Software",
"Recreation",
"Culture",
"Media",
"Computing",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Communication",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 3 3 25 27 25 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2023 October 30, Nyah Payne, “Baldur's Gate 3: Best Summons, Ranked”, in Gamerant",
"text": "Conjuration magic in Baldur's Gate 3 allows players to summon a variety of helpful creatures […] These summons can assist players in combat and exploration, providing strategic advantages with their unique abilities.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A creature magically summoned to do the summoner's bidding."
],
"id": "en-summon-en-noun-1TQNKNck",
"links": [
[
"video game",
"video game"
],
[
"creature",
"creature"
],
[
"summoner",
"summoner"
],
[
"bidding",
"bidding"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(video games) A creature magically summoned to do the summoner's bidding."
],
"topics": [
"video-games"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "quoted in 2013, Robin Sterling, People and Things from the Cullman, Alabama Tribune 1898-1913 (page 172)",
"text": "The deceased was 58 years of age, was the picture of health even five or six hours prior to his death, when suddenly the grim messenger came with a summon from a Higher Tribunal, calling him to duties above."
}
],
"glosses": [
"call, command, order"
],
"id": "en-summon-en-noun-JHm1mUhG",
"links": [
[
"call",
"call"
],
[
"command",
"command"
],
[
"order",
"order"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌmən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌmən"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-summon.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/En-us-summon.ogg/En-us-summon.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/En-us-summon.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"summon"
],
"word": "summon"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "summon auntie"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ms",
"3": "saman",
"t": "fine, financial penalty"
},
"expansion": "Malay saman (“fine, financial penalty”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "en",
"3": "summons",
"t": "notice summoning someone to appear in court"
},
"expansion": "English summons (“notice summoning someone to appear in court”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "singular"
},
"expansion": "singular",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "plural"
},
"expansion": "plural",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "summons",
"3": "saman"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of summons and saman",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Malay saman (“fine, financial penalty”), which is itself borrowed from English summons (“notice summoning someone to appear in court”). This sense re-emerged in English as summon likely due to the erroneous belief that the original singular English word summons is plural. Doublet of summons and saman.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "summon (plural summons)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malaysian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 14 7 1 22 25 13 2 1 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 16 8 3 15 14 17 3 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms borrowed back into English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 16 8 2 13 15 14 13 5 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fictional characters",
"orig": "en:Fictional characters",
"parents": [
"Fiction",
"Artistic works",
"Art",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "You better pay off the parking summon tomorrow before you kena interest on it.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fine; a fee or monetary penalty incurred for breaking the law; usually for a minor offence such as a traffic violation."
],
"id": "en-summon-en-noun-~9gJkeX-",
"links": [
[
"fine",
"fine"
],
[
"fee",
"fee"
],
[
"monetary",
"monetary"
],
[
"penalty",
"penalty"
],
[
"offence",
"offence"
],
[
"traffic",
"traffic"
],
[
"violation",
"violation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Malaysia, colloquial, slang) A fine; a fee or monetary penalty incurred for breaking the law; usually for a minor offence such as a traffic violation."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "summons"
},
{
"word": "saman"
}
],
"tags": [
"Malaysia",
"colloquial",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malaysian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A notice of an infringement of the law, usually incurring such a penalty; a citation or ticket."
],
"id": "en-summon-en-noun-N4Ta5TUb",
"links": [
[
"notice",
"notice"
],
[
"infringement",
"infringement"
],
[
"citation",
"citation"
],
[
"ticket",
"ticket"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Malaysia, colloquial, slang) A notice of an infringement of the law, usually incurring such a penalty; a citation or ticket."
],
"tags": [
"Malaysia",
"colloquial",
"slang"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"summon"
],
"word": "summon"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ms",
"3": "saman",
"t": "fine, financial penalty"
},
"expansion": "Malay saman (“fine, financial penalty”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "en",
"3": "summons",
"t": "notice summoning someone to appear in court"
},
"expansion": "English summons (“notice summoning someone to appear in court”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "singular"
},
"expansion": "singular",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "plural"
},
"expansion": "plural",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "summons",
"3": "saman"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of summons and saman",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Malay saman (“fine, financial penalty”), which is itself borrowed from English summons (“notice summoning someone to appear in court”). This sense re-emerged in English as summon likely due to the erroneous belief that the original singular English word summons is plural. Doublet of summons and saman.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summons",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "summoning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "summoned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "summoned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pres_ptc_qual": "rare"
},
"expansion": "summon (third-person singular simple present summons, present participle (rare) summoning, simple past and past participle summoned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malaysian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The police summoned the driver for speeding.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "They kena summoned for littering.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To impose such a fine or penalty, or to issue a notice thereof."
],
"id": "en-summon-en-verb-wBdhH~sc",
"links": [
[
"impose",
"impose"
],
[
"fine",
"fine"
],
[
"penalty",
"penalty"
],
[
"issue",
"issue"
],
[
"notice",
"notice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Malaysia, colloquial, slang) To impose such a fine or penalty, or to issue a notice thereof."
],
"tags": [
"Malaysia",
"colloquial",
"slang",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"summon"
],
"word": "summon"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed back into English",
"English terms borrowed from Malay",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Malay",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- (think)",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English undefined derivations",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Arabic translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
"Requests for review of Old English translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌmən",
"Rhymes:English/ʌmən/2 syllables",
"en:Fictional abilities",
"en:Fictional characters"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "summons"
},
{
"word": "summon up"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*men- (think)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "somoundre"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman somoundre",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "sumundre"
},
"expansion": "Old French sumundre",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "summoneo",
"4": "summonēre"
},
"expansion": "Latin summonēre",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sub"
},
"expansion": "sub",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "moneo",
"3": "monēre"
},
"expansion": "monēre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*monéyeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *monéyeti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*men-",
"3": "",
"4": "to think"
},
"expansion": "*men- (“to think”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Anglo-Norman somoundre, from Old French sumundre, from Latin summonēre, itself from sub + monēre, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *monéyeti, causative from *men- (“to think”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summons",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "summoning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "summoned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "summoned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "summon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "summon (third-person singular simple present summons, present participle summoning, simple past and past participle summoned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007, John Zerzan, Silence",
"text": "Silence is primary, summoning presence to itself; so it's a connection to the realm of origin.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To call people together; to convene."
],
"links": [
[
"call",
"call"
],
[
"together",
"together"
],
[
"convene",
"convene"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To call people together; to convene."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1995, Explorers & Discoverers, volume 2, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 753",
"text": "The cousins separated, and Nain Singh joined a caravan posing as a merchant. This time he crossed the border successfully. Singh eventually entered Jih-k’a-tse, the second-largest city in Tibet. It was in Jih-k’a-tse that he was summoned to meet the country’s second-highest religious authority, the Panchen Lama, who turned out to be only 11 years old.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ask someone to come; to send for."
],
"links": [
[
"ask",
"ask"
],
[
"come",
"come"
],
[
"send for",
"send for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To ask someone to come; to send for."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019 November 21, Samanth Subramanian, “How our home delivery habit reshaped the world”, in The Guardian",
"text": "You can summon groceries, alcohol and medicines to your home: chips and vodka on New Year’s Eve, say, and then aspirin on New Year’s Day.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To order (goods) and have delivered"
],
"links": [
[
"order",
"order"
],
[
"deliver",
"deliver"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1866, Pierre Bigandet, The Life or Legend of Gaudama, the Buddha of the Burmese, with annotations and notice on the Phongyies or Burmese monks, page 396",
"text": "For securing the attainment of what he considered to be a most desirable end, he summoned all his abilities with a most praiseworthy energy and perseverance.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Sister Louise Sweigart, cgs, Joseph: A Guiding Light, Inspiring Voices →ISBN, page 61",
"text": "Joseph needed to summon all his reserve to keep his self-control, for no sooner had Asa voiced his request than Joseph recalled his remark to Aaron about a child being given to this couple in lieu of their giving Mary to him."
},
{
"text": "November 2 2014, Daniel Taylor, \"Sergio Agüero strike wins derby for Manchester City against 10-man United,\" guardian.co.uk\nCity will feel nonplussed when they review the tape and Pellegrini had to summon all his restraint in the post-match interviews."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rouse oneself to exert a skill."
],
"links": [
[
"exert",
"exert"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To rouse oneself to exert a skill."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "summon up"
},
{
"word": "muster"
},
{
"word": "muster up"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Fantasy"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2010, Kay Hooper, The Wizard of Seattle, Fanfare",
"text": "“Why won't you teach me to summon water? I can summon fire so easily, it's only logical that I should learn to put out my mistakes.”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To call a resource by magic."
],
"links": [
[
"fantasy",
"fantasy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(fantasy, transitive) To call a resource by magic."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"fantasy"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"To summons; convene."
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"summons",
"summons"
],
[
"convene",
"convene"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law, transitive) To summons; convene."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌmən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌmən"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-summon.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/En-us-summon.ogg/En-us-summon.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/En-us-summon.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "svikvam",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "свиквам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "cridar"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "svolat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "bijeenroepen"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "ꜥš",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "a:S-A2"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "kutsua koolle"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "convoquer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "convier"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "zusammenrufen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kaló",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "καλώ"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "zimmén",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "זִמֵּן"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "összehív"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "chiamare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "raccogliere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "convocare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "riunire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "adunare"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shōshū suru",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "召集する"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "vocō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "arcessō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "adhibeo"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "tūtū"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "wzywać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "convocar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "convoca"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "szyvátʹ",
"sense": "to call people together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сзыва́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sozvatʹ",
"sense": "to call people together",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "созвать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prizyvátʹ",
"sense": "to call people together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "призыва́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prizvátʹ",
"sense": "to call people together",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "призва́ть"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "sazvati"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "sklicati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "convocar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "llamar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "reunir"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "citar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "sammankalla"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sklykáty",
"sense": "to call people together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "склика́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sklýkaty",
"sense": "to call people together",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "скли́кати"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "to call people together",
"word": "-biza"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "yastaḥḍir",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "يَسْتَحْضِر"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "yastadʕī",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "يَسْتَدْعِي"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vikam",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "викам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kanja",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "каня"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "citar"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "přivolat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "ontbieden"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "oproepen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "voki"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "kutsua"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "convoquer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "convier"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "chamar por"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "convocar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "herbeirufen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "(by means of magic) beschwören",
"sense": "to ask someone to come"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "odahív"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "odarendel"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "hív"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "hívat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "rendel"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "kéret"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "behív"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "behívat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "berendel"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "bekéret"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "chiamare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "mandare a chiamare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "convocare"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yobidasu",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "呼び出す"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "vocō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "arcessō"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "tūtū"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "tilkalle"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "convocar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "convoca"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "chema"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zvatʹ",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "звать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pozvátʹ",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "позва́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyzyvátʹ",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "вызыва́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výzvatʹ",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "вы́звать"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "dozvati"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "prizvati"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "pozvati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "llamar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "citar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "inbjuda"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "rappiñcu",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"word": "రప్పించు"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vyklykáty",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "виклика́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "výklykaty",
"sense": "to ask someone to come",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ви́кликати"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prizovavam",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "призовавам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "citar"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "předvolat"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "kutsua"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "haastaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "convoquer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"note": "citer à comparaître (to order someone to appear in court: citer quelqu’un à comparaître; to order someone to appear in court: citer à comparaître en justice)",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "emprazar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "vorladen"
},
{
"code": "gmh",
"lang": "Middle High German",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "vürladen"
},
{
"code": "goh",
"lang": "Old High German",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "foraladōn"
},
{
"code": "goh",
"lang": "Old High German",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "furiladōn"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "idéz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "beidéz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "megidéz"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "convocare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "citare in giudizio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "intimare"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shōkan suru",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "召喚する"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shuttō o meizuru",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "出頭を命ずる"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "convoco"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "arcessō"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "hāmene"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "convocar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "intimar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyzyvátʹ",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "вызыва́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výzvatʹ",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "вы́звать"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "prizvati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"word": "citar"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vyklykáty",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "виклика́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "výklykaty",
"sense": "law: to order someone to appear in court",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ви́кликати"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to rouse oneself to exert a skill",
"word": "koota"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to rouse oneself to exert a skill",
"word": "rassembler"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to rouse oneself to exert a skill",
"word": "zusammennehmen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to rouse oneself to exert a skill",
"word": "aufbieten"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to rouse oneself to exert a skill",
"word": "összeszed"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to rouse oneself to exert a skill",
"word": "összegyűjt"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "invocar"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "loihtia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "manata esiin"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "invoquer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "beschwören"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "megidéz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "idéz"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "ēvōcō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "ēliciō"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "evocar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "invocar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "llamar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "invocar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to call a resource by magic",
"word": "mana fram"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"summon"
],
"word": "summon"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed back into English",
"English terms borrowed from Malay",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Malay",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- (think)",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English undefined derivations",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Arabic translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
"Requests for review of Old English translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌmən",
"Rhymes:English/ʌmən/2 syllables",
"en:Fictional abilities",
"en:Fictional characters"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*men- (think)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "somoundre"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman somoundre",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "sumundre"
},
"expansion": "Old French sumundre",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "summoneo",
"4": "summonēre"
},
"expansion": "Latin summonēre",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sub"
},
"expansion": "sub",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "moneo",
"3": "monēre"
},
"expansion": "monēre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*monéyeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *monéyeti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*men-",
"3": "",
"4": "to think"
},
"expansion": "*men- (“to think”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Anglo-Norman somoundre, from Old French sumundre, from Latin summonēre, itself from sub + monēre, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *monéyeti, causative from *men- (“to think”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "summon (plural summons)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Video games"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2023 October 30, Nyah Payne, “Baldur's Gate 3: Best Summons, Ranked”, in Gamerant",
"text": "Conjuration magic in Baldur's Gate 3 allows players to summon a variety of helpful creatures […] These summons can assist players in combat and exploration, providing strategic advantages with their unique abilities.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A creature magically summoned to do the summoner's bidding."
],
"links": [
[
"video game",
"video game"
],
[
"creature",
"creature"
],
[
"summoner",
"summoner"
],
[
"bidding",
"bidding"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(video games) A creature magically summoned to do the summoner's bidding."
],
"topics": [
"video-games"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "quoted in 2013, Robin Sterling, People and Things from the Cullman, Alabama Tribune 1898-1913 (page 172)",
"text": "The deceased was 58 years of age, was the picture of health even five or six hours prior to his death, when suddenly the grim messenger came with a summon from a Higher Tribunal, calling him to duties above."
}
],
"glosses": [
"call, command, order"
],
"links": [
[
"call",
"call"
],
[
"command",
"command"
],
[
"order",
"order"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌmən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌmən"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-summon.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/En-us-summon.ogg/En-us-summon.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/En-us-summon.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"summon"
],
"word": "summon"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed back into English",
"English terms borrowed from Malay",
"English terms derived from Malay",
"English verbs",
"en:Fictional abilities",
"en:Fictional characters"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "summon auntie"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ms",
"3": "saman",
"t": "fine, financial penalty"
},
"expansion": "Malay saman (“fine, financial penalty”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "en",
"3": "summons",
"t": "notice summoning someone to appear in court"
},
"expansion": "English summons (“notice summoning someone to appear in court”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "singular"
},
"expansion": "singular",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "plural"
},
"expansion": "plural",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "summons",
"3": "saman"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of summons and saman",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Malay saman (“fine, financial penalty”), which is itself borrowed from English summons (“notice summoning someone to appear in court”). This sense re-emerged in English as summon likely due to the erroneous belief that the original singular English word summons is plural. Doublet of summons and saman.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "summon (plural summons)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English colloquialisms",
"English slang",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Malaysian English"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "You better pay off the parking summon tomorrow before you kena interest on it.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fine; a fee or monetary penalty incurred for breaking the law; usually for a minor offence such as a traffic violation."
],
"links": [
[
"fine",
"fine"
],
[
"fee",
"fee"
],
[
"monetary",
"monetary"
],
[
"penalty",
"penalty"
],
[
"offence",
"offence"
],
[
"traffic",
"traffic"
],
[
"violation",
"violation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Malaysia, colloquial, slang) A fine; a fee or monetary penalty incurred for breaking the law; usually for a minor offence such as a traffic violation."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "summons"
},
{
"word": "saman"
}
],
"tags": [
"Malaysia",
"colloquial",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English colloquialisms",
"English slang",
"Malaysian English"
],
"glosses": [
"A notice of an infringement of the law, usually incurring such a penalty; a citation or ticket."
],
"links": [
[
"notice",
"notice"
],
[
"infringement",
"infringement"
],
[
"citation",
"citation"
],
[
"ticket",
"ticket"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Malaysia, colloquial, slang) A notice of an infringement of the law, usually incurring such a penalty; a citation or ticket."
],
"tags": [
"Malaysia",
"colloquial",
"slang"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"summon"
],
"word": "summon"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed back into English",
"English terms borrowed from Malay",
"English terms derived from Malay",
"English verbs",
"en:Fictional abilities",
"en:Fictional characters"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ms",
"3": "saman",
"t": "fine, financial penalty"
},
"expansion": "Malay saman (“fine, financial penalty”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "en",
"3": "summons",
"t": "notice summoning someone to appear in court"
},
"expansion": "English summons (“notice summoning someone to appear in court”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "singular"
},
"expansion": "singular",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "plural"
},
"expansion": "plural",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "summons",
"3": "saman"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of summons and saman",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Malay saman (“fine, financial penalty”), which is itself borrowed from English summons (“notice summoning someone to appear in court”). This sense re-emerged in English as summon likely due to the erroneous belief that the original singular English word summons is plural. Doublet of summons and saman.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summons",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "summoning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "summoned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "summoned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pres_ptc_qual": "rare"
},
"expansion": "summon (third-person singular simple present summons, present participle (rare) summoning, simple past and past participle summoned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English colloquialisms",
"English slang",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"Malaysian English"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The police summoned the driver for speeding.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "They kena summoned for littering.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To impose such a fine or penalty, or to issue a notice thereof."
],
"links": [
[
"impose",
"impose"
],
[
"fine",
"fine"
],
[
"penalty",
"penalty"
],
[
"issue",
"issue"
],
[
"notice",
"notice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Malaysia, colloquial, slang) To impose such a fine or penalty, or to issue a notice thereof."
],
"tags": [
"Malaysia",
"colloquial",
"slang",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"summon"
],
"word": "summon"
}
{
"called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
"msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
"path": [
"summon"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "summon",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.