See spectrum on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for spectrum meaning in All languages combined (40.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "absorption spectrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "autism spectrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "autism spectrum disorder"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "autistic spectrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "autistic spectrum disorder"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "band spectrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Bloch spectrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "broad-spectrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "broad-spectrum antibiotic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cepstrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "emission spectrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fetal alcohol spectrum disorder"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "first-order spectrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "full-spectrum superiority"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "full spectrum superiority"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hydrogen spectrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "light spectrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "line spectrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mass spectrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nuclear spectrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "on the spectrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "optical spectrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "political spectrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spectro-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spectrum analyser"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spectrum analyzer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spectrum disorder"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spread spectrum communication"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-",
"4": "*-trom"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "spectrum",
"4": "",
"5": "appearance, image, apparition"
},
"expansion": "Latin spectrum (“appearance, image, apparition”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "speciō",
"3": "",
"4": "look at, view"
},
"expansion": "speciō (“look at, view”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "specter"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of specter",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "scope"
},
"expansion": "scope",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin spectrum (“appearance, image, apparition”), from speciō (“look at, view”). Doublet of specter. See also scope.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spectra",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spectra",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "spectrum (plural spectra or spectrums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spectral"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 November 7, Matt Bai, “Winning a Second Term, Obama Will Confront Familiar Headwinds”, in New York Times",
"text": "As Mr. Obama prepared to take the oath, his approval rating touched a remarkable 70 percent in some polling — a reflection of good will across the political spectrum.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A range; a continuous, infinite, one-dimensional set, possibly bounded by extremes."
],
"id": "en-spectrum-en-noun-Avg3zO-A",
"links": [
[
"range",
"range"
],
[
"continuous",
"continuous"
],
[
"infinite",
"infinite"
],
[
"one-dimensional",
"one-dimensional"
],
[
"extremes",
"extremes"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "spjektr",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектр"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "spektǎr",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектър"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "range",
"word": "範圍"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fànwéi",
"sense": "range",
"word": "范围"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "range",
"word": "kirjo"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spectre"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sṗekṭri",
"sense": "range",
"word": "სპექტრი"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fásma",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φάσμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "speictream"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "range",
"word": "spettro"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "supekutoru",
"sense": "range",
"word": "スペクトル"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seupekteureom",
"sense": "range",
"word": "스펙트럼"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "teyf",
"sense": "range",
"word": "طیف"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectro"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espetro"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spectru"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "spektr",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектр"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "diapazón",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "диапазо́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectro"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "range",
"word": "balangaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "range",
"word": "สเปกตรัม"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "spektr",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектр"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "spektri"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭayf",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَيْف"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "spektr",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "սպեկտր"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "espektro"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "spektǎr",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектър"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectre"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "光譜"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gwong¹ pou²",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "光谱"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "hak",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "光譜"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "hak",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"roman": "kông-phú",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "光谱"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "光譜"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "guāngpǔ",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "光谱"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spekter"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spectrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "spektro"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "spekter"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "kirjo"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "spektri"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spectre"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectro"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sṗekṭri",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "სპექტრი"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Spektrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fásma",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φάσμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fotófasma",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φωτόφασμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "spéktrum",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "ספקטרום"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "színkép"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "speictream"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "spettro"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "supekutoru",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "スペクトル"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"alt": "ぶんこう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bunkō",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "分光"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"alt": "分光",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bun'gwang",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "분광"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "şebeng"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spektrs"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spektras"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "spektar",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектар"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "tūāwhiorangi"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spekter"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spekter"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "teyf",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "طیف"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "binâb",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "بیناب"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "widmo"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectro"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espetro"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spectru"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "spektr",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектр"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектар"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "spektar"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spekter"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectro"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "balangaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "varṇamāla",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "వర్ణమాల"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "สเปกตรัม"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "tayf"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "spektr",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектр"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"alt": "光譜",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "quang phổ"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "späktrum"
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{
"_dis1": "41 24 8 3 3 5 8 3 5",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "kölaspäktrum"
}
]
},
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"ref": "2010 October 30, Jim Giles, “Jammed!”, in New Scientist",
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}
],
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"Specifically, a range of colours representing light (electromagnetic radiation) of contiguous frequencies; hence electromagnetic spectrum, visible spectrum, ultraviolet spectrum, etc."
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{
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"langcode": "en",
"name": "Education",
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{
"kind": "topical",
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{
"_dis": "1 19 25 11 6 13 14 7 4",
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"langcode": "en",
"name": "Photochemistry",
"orig": "en:Photochemistry",
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{
"ref": "2022, Percival Everett, Dr. No, Influx Press (2023), page 110",
"text": "He punctuated his words with a look into my eyes that might have been read as threatening or menacing by anyone who was not on the spectrum. But I am on the spectrum, and so I stared back at him.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The autism spectrum."
],
"id": "en-spectrum-en-noun-vAOsbA7Q",
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"psychology"
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[
"education",
"education"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(psychology, education, usually with the) The autism spectrum."
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"raw_tags": [
"with the"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"education",
"human-sciences",
"psychology",
"sciences"
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{
"_dis1": "1 10 59 2 3 10 11 2 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "psychology: the autism spectrum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectro"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 17 0 71 0 12 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Energy",
"orig": "en:Energy",
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"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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}
],
"glosses": [
"The pattern of absorption or emission of radiation produced by a substance when subjected to energy (radiation, heat, electricity, etc.)."
],
"id": "en-spectrum-en-noun-JdcTbRs3",
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
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[
"absorption",
"absorption"
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[
"emission",
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[
"radiation",
"radiation"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 16 3 70 1 3 3 3 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"word": "spektri"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 3 70 1 3 3 3 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spectre"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 3 70 1 3 3 3 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Spektrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 3 70 1 3 3 3 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fásma",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φάσμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 3 70 1 3 3 3 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "speictream"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 3 70 1 3 3 3 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "supekutoru",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"word": "スペクトル"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 3 70 1 3 3 3 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "sbɨc",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"word": "ស្ប៊ិច"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 3 70 1 3 3 3 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"word": "tūāwhiorangi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 3 70 1 3 3 3 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "binâb",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"word": "بیناب"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 3 70 1 3 3 3 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectro"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 3 70 1 3 3 3 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espetro"
}
]
},
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"name": "Linear algebra",
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],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-spectrum-en-noun-VsydsJx-",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"linear algebra",
"linear algebra"
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[
"eigenvalue",
"eigenvalue"
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[
"matrix",
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]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
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{
"word": "eigenspectrum"
}
],
"topics": [
"linear-algebra",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
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},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Functional analysis",
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{
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a bounded linear operator A, the set of scalar values λ such that the operator A—λI, where I denotes the identity operator, does not have a bounded inverse; intended as a generalisation of the linear algebra sense."
],
"id": "en-spectrum-en-noun-3Q4IJvUd",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
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[
"functional analysis",
"functional analysis"
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[
"bounded",
"bounded"
],
[
"linear operator",
"linear operator"
],
[
"scalar",
"scalar"
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[
"operator",
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],
[
"inverse",
"inverse"
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],
"qualifier": "functional analysis",
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"(mathematics, functional analysis) Of a bounded linear operator A, the set of scalar values λ such that the operator A—λI, where I denotes the identity operator, does not have a bounded inverse; intended as a generalisation of the linear algebra sense."
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
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],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 5 7 5 17 43 12 4 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"word": "spektri"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 5 7 5 17 43 12 4 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spectre"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 5 7 5 17 43 12 4 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Spektrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 5 7 5 17 43 12 4 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fásma",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φάσμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 5 7 5 17 43 12 4 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "speictream"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 5 7 5 17 43 12 4 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"word": "spettro"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 5 7 5 17 43 12 4 2",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "supekutoru",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"word": "スペクトル"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 5 7 5 17 43 12 4 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectro"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 5 7 5 17 43 12 4 2",
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"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
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"masculine"
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"word": "espetro"
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"_dis1": "6 5 7 5 17 43 12 4 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spectru"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 5 7 5 17 43 12 4 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "spektr",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектр"
}
]
},
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"langcode": "en",
"name": "Algebraic geometry",
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],
"glosses": [
"An abstract object in mathematics created from a commutative ring R and denoted operatorname Spec(R) or operatorname SpecR and said to be the spectrum of R; useful in the study of such rings for providing a geometric object which encodes many of the properties R, and in modern geometry for generalizing the notion of an algebraic variety to that of an affine scheme. Formally, the set of all prime ideals R equipped with the Zariski topology and augmented with a sheaf of rings called the structure sheaf, generated by the B-sheaf on the distinguished open sets D_f which assigns the localization of R at f to each set D_f, regarded as a ring of functions on D_f. See Spectrum of a ring on Wikipedia.Wikipedia"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "Stone space"
}
],
"id": "en-spectrum-en-noun-4Ug8ACDp",
"links": [
[
"commutative algebra",
"commutative algebra"
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[
"algebraic geometry",
"algebraic geometry"
],
[
"abstract",
"abstract"
],
[
"commutative ring",
"commutative ring"
],
[
"geometric",
"geometric"
],
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"generalizing",
"generalize"
],
[
"algebraic variety",
"algebraic variety"
],
[
"affine scheme",
"affine scheme"
],
[
"prime ideal",
"prime ideal"
],
[
"Zariski topology",
"Zariski topology"
],
[
"sheaf",
"sheaf"
],
[
"rings",
"rings"
],
[
"structure sheaf",
"structure sheaf"
],
[
"B-sheaf",
"B-sheaf"
],
[
"distinguished open sets",
"distinguished open sets"
],
[
"Spectrum of a ring",
"w:Spectrum of a ring"
]
],
"qualifier": "commutative algebra",
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"(commutative algebra, algebraic geometry) An abstract object in mathematics created from a commutative ring R and denoted operatorname Spec(R) or operatorname SpecR and said to be the spectrum of R; useful in the study of such rings for providing a geometric object which encodes many of the properties R, and in modern geometry for generalizing the notion of an algebraic variety to that of an affine scheme. Formally, the set of all prime ideals R equipped with the Zariski topology and augmented with a sheaf of rings called the structure sheaf, generated by the B-sheaf on the distinguished open sets D_f which assigns the localization of R at f to each set D_f, regarded as a ring of functions on D_f. See Spectrum of a ring on Wikipedia.Wikipedia"
],
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"algebraic-geometry",
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 23 7 17 1 5 9 29 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "en:Light",
"parents": [
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Specter, apparition."
],
"id": "en-spectrum-en-noun-eZIdNG0Y",
"links": [
[
"Specter",
"specter"
],
[
"apparition",
"apparition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Specter, apparition."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The image of something seen that persists after the eyes are closed."
],
"id": "en-spectrum-en-noun-wNzy61wO",
"links": [
[
"image",
"image"
],
[
"see",
"see"
],
[
"eye",
"eye"
],
[
"close",
"close"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɛktɹəm/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American",
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛktɹəm"
},
{
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/En-us-spectrum.ogg",
"tags": [
"Mid-Atlantic"
],
"text": "Audio (Mid-Atlantic)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"spectrum"
],
"word": "spectrum"
}
{
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{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "spectrum",
"t": "appearance, image, apparition"
},
"expansion": "Latin spectrum (“appearance, image, apparition”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "speciō",
"t": "look at, view"
},
"expansion": "speciō (“look at, view”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin spectrum (“appearance, image, apparition”), from speciō (“look at, view”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spectrums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spectra",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrumpje",
"tags": [
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}
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"2": "-s",
"3": "spectrumpje",
"pl2": "spectra"
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"name": "nl-noun"
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{
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"kind": "other",
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"parents": [
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch nouns with Latin plurals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "spectraal"
},
{
"word": "spectroscoop"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spectrum"
],
"id": "en-spectrum-nl-noun-H9YgLJuz",
"links": [
[
"spectrum",
"spectrum#English"
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}
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{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "espectre",
"bor": "1"
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"expansion": "→ Catalan: espectre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: espectre"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "spectrum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: spectrum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: spectrum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spectre",
"3": "specter",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: spectre, specter",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spectrum"
},
"expansion": "spectrum",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ English: spectre, specter; spectrum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "spectre",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: spectre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: spectre"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Spektrum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Spektrum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Spektrum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "speictream",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: speictream",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: speictream"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "spettro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: spettro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: spettro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "espectro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: espectro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: espectro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "spectru",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: spectru",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: spectru"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "спектр",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: спектр (spektr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: спектр (spektr)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "espectro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: espectro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: espectro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "spektrum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: spektrum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: spektrum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "specio",
"3": "trum",
"alt1": "spec(iō)",
"gloss1": "look at, behold"
},
"expansion": "spec(iō) (“look at, behold”) + -trum",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "speculum"
},
"expansion": "speculum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἴδωλον",
"t": "image"
},
"expansion": "εἴδωλον (eídōlon, “image”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From spec(iō) (“look at, behold”) + -trum (making it a doublet of speculum).\nThe only attestation in Classical antiquity is in a pair of letters between Cicero and Cassius Longinus which imply that the Epicurean Catius (fl. c. 50s–40s BC) used spectrum as a translation of the Greek philosophical term εἴδωλον (eídōlon, “image”). It may therefore have been coined by Catius as a neologism, although alternatively, it could be an undocumented but preexisting word that he repurposed as a technical term.\nAfter Cicero, the word is extremely sparsely attested until being revived around the start of the sixteenth century by Renaissance humanist authors with the meaning \"apparition\" or \"phantom\", possibly influenced by the fact that Greek εἴδωλον also had this sense.\nThe scientific use to refer to the visible spectrum of colored light was first introduced by Isaac Newton, who used the word in the second half of the seventeenth century in both his English writings and in his first Latin draft of the Opticks, the Fundamentum Opticae, although the 1706 Latin translation of Opticks by Samuel Clarke translates Newton's English spectrum into Latin as imago.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spectrī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spectra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spectra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spectra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spectrum<2>"
},
"expansion": "spectrum n (genitive spectrī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spectrum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "speciō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "spectiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "spectō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "1900 translation by Evelyn Shuckburgh\nFor somehow it makes you seem almost present when I write anything to you, and that not 'by way of phantoms of images,' as your new friends express it, who hold that 'mental pictures' are caused by what Catius called 'spectres' — for I must remind you that Catius Insuber the Epicurean, lately dead, calls 'spectres' what the famous Gargettius, and before him Democritus, used to call 'images.' Well, even if my eyes were capable of being struck by these 'spectres,' because they spontaneously run in upon them at your will, I do not see how the mind can be struck. You will be obliged to explain it to me, when you return safe and sound, whether the 'spectre' of you is at my command, so as to occur to me as soon as I have taken the fancy to think about you; and not only about you, who are in my heart's core, but supposing I begin thinking about the island of Britain — will its image fly at once into my mind?",
"ref": "62 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Epistulae ad Familiares 15.16.1–2",
"text": "fit enim nescio qui ut quasi coram adesse videare cum scribo aliquid ad te, neque id κατ’ εἰδ<ώλ>ων φαντασίας, ut dicunt tui amici novi, qui putant etiam διανοητικὰς φαντασίας spectris Catianis excitari. nam, ne te fugiat, Catius Insuber Ἐπικούρειος, qui nuper est mortuus, quae ille Gargettius et iam ante Democritus εἴδωλα, hic spectra nominat. his autem spectris etiam si oculi possent feriri, quod ulis ipsa incurrunt, animus qui possit ego non video; doceas tu me oportebit cum salvus veneris. in meane potestate ut sit spectrum tuum, ut, simul ac mihi collibitum sit de te cogitare, illud occurrat? neque solum de te, qui mihi haeres in medullis, sed si insulam Britanniam coepero cogitare, eius εἴδωλον mihi advolabit ad pectus?"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appearance, image"
],
"id": "en-spectrum-la-noun-AFwulgJK",
"links": [
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"image",
"image"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1524, Desiderius Erasmus, Exorcismus sive spectrum",
"text": "Iam pridem vagabatur rumor ac fabula per eius loci rusticos, iuxta ponticulum hunc observari spectrum quoddam, cuius subinde exaudirentur miserandi eiulatus: suspicabantur, animam esse cuiuspiam, quae diris cruciatibus torqueretur."
}
],
"glosses": [
"apparition, specter, phantom"
],
"id": "en-spectrum-la-noun-eJqQAWmx",
"links": [
[
"apparition",
"apparition"
],
[
"specter",
"specter"
],
[
"phantom",
"phantom"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "New Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 26 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 32 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 12 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -trum",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Translation by Alan E. Shapiro\nI further considered that by the breadth of the hole F, through which the light enters the room, a penumbra is made in the border of the spectrum Y, and that penumbra remains in the straight sides of the spectra PT and pt.",
"ref": "c. 1687-88, Isaac Newton, Fundamentum Opticae",
"text": "Considerabam praeterea quod latitudine foraminis F per quod lux in cubiculum ingreditur fit penumbra in circuitu spectri Y, et penumbra illa permanet in lateribus rectilineis spectrorum PT et pt."
}
],
"glosses": [
"spectrum (band of light arranged in order by wavelength)"
],
"id": "en-spectrum-la-noun-VpPCdZ0D",
"links": [
[
"spectrum",
"spectrum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(New Latin) spectrum (band of light arranged in order by wavelength)"
],
"tags": [
"New-Latin",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspek.trum/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠pɛkt̪rʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspek.trum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈspɛkt̪rum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "īdōlum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "simulācrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "imāgō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "speciēs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "figūra"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "fōrma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "effigiēs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "phantasma"
}
],
"word": "spectrum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "spectraal"
},
{
"word": "spectroscoop"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "spectrum",
"t": "appearance, image, apparition"
},
"expansion": "Latin spectrum (“appearance, image, apparition”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "speciō",
"t": "look at, view"
},
"expansion": "speciō (“look at, view”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin spectrum (“appearance, image, apparition”), from speciō (“look at, view”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spectrums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spectra",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrumpje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-s",
"3": "spectrumpje",
"pl2": "spectra"
},
"expansion": "spectrum n (plural spectrums or spectra, diminutive spectrumpje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with Latin plurals",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
"Dutch terms borrowed from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *speḱ-",
"Dutch terms with audio links"
],
"glosses": [
"spectrum"
],
"links": [
[
"spectrum",
"spectrum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:spectrum"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-spectrum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/Nl-spectrum.ogg/Nl-spectrum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Nl-spectrum.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "spectrum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *-trom",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *speḱ-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɛktɹəm",
"Rhymes:English/ɛktɹəm/2 syllables",
"en:Energy",
"en:Light",
"en:Photochemistry"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "absorption spectrum"
},
{
"word": "autism spectrum"
},
{
"word": "autism spectrum disorder"
},
{
"word": "autistic spectrum"
},
{
"word": "autistic spectrum disorder"
},
{
"word": "band spectrum"
},
{
"word": "Bloch spectrum"
},
{
"word": "broad-spectrum"
},
{
"word": "broad-spectrum antibiotic"
},
{
"word": "cepstrum"
},
{
"word": "emission spectrum"
},
{
"word": "fetal alcohol spectrum disorder"
},
{
"word": "first-order spectrum"
},
{
"word": "full-spectrum superiority"
},
{
"word": "full spectrum superiority"
},
{
"word": "hydrogen spectrum"
},
{
"word": "light spectrum"
},
{
"word": "line spectrum"
},
{
"word": "mass spectrum"
},
{
"word": "nuclear spectrum"
},
{
"word": "on the spectrum"
},
{
"word": "optical spectrum"
},
{
"word": "political spectrum"
},
{
"word": "spectro-"
},
{
"word": "spectrum analyser"
},
{
"word": "spectrum analyzer"
},
{
"word": "spectrum disorder"
},
{
"word": "spread spectrum communication"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-",
"4": "*-trom"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "spectrum",
"4": "",
"5": "appearance, image, apparition"
},
"expansion": "Latin spectrum (“appearance, image, apparition”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "speciō",
"3": "",
"4": "look at, view"
},
"expansion": "speciō (“look at, view”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "specter"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of specter",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "scope"
},
"expansion": "scope",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin spectrum (“appearance, image, apparition”), from speciō (“look at, view”). Doublet of specter. See also scope.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spectra",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spectra",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "spectrum (plural spectra or spectrums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "spectral"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 November 7, Matt Bai, “Winning a Second Term, Obama Will Confront Familiar Headwinds”, in New York Times",
"text": "As Mr. Obama prepared to take the oath, his approval rating touched a remarkable 70 percent in some polling — a reflection of good will across the political spectrum.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A range; a continuous, infinite, one-dimensional set, possibly bounded by extremes."
],
"links": [
[
"range",
"range"
],
[
"continuous",
"continuous"
],
[
"infinite",
"infinite"
],
[
"one-dimensional",
"one-dimensional"
],
[
"extremes",
"extremes"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2010 October 30, Jim Giles, “Jammed!”, in New Scientist",
"text": "Current 3G technologies can send roughly 1 bit of data - a one or a zero - per second over each 1 Hz of spectrum that the operator owns.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Specifically, a range of colours representing light (electromagnetic radiation) of contiguous frequencies; hence electromagnetic spectrum, visible spectrum, ultraviolet spectrum, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"colour",
"colour"
],
[
"light",
"light"
],
[
"electromagnetic radiation",
"electromagnetic radiation"
],
[
"frequencies",
"frequency"
],
[
"electromagnetic spectrum",
"electromagnetic spectrum"
],
[
"visible spectrum",
"visible spectrum"
],
[
"ultraviolet",
"ultraviolet"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Education",
"en:Psychology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2022, Percival Everett, Dr. No, Influx Press (2023), page 110",
"text": "He punctuated his words with a look into my eyes that might have been read as threatening or menacing by anyone who was not on the spectrum. But I am on the spectrum, and so I stared back at him.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The autism spectrum."
],
"links": [
[
"psychology",
"psychology"
],
[
"education",
"education"
],
[
"autism spectrum",
"autism spectrum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(psychology, education, usually with the) The autism spectrum."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with the"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"education",
"human-sciences",
"psychology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The pattern of absorption or emission of radiation produced by a substance when subjected to energy (radiation, heat, electricity, etc.)."
],
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"absorption",
"absorption"
],
[
"emission",
"emission"
],
[
"radiation",
"radiation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) The pattern of absorption or emission of radiation produced by a substance when subjected to energy (radiation, heat, electricity, etc.)."
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Linear algebra",
"en:Mathematics"
],
"glosses": [
"The set of eigenvalues of a matrix."
],
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"linear algebra",
"linear algebra"
],
[
"eigenvalue",
"eigenvalue"
],
[
"matrix",
"matrix"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics, linear algebra) The set of eigenvalues of a matrix."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "eigenspectrum"
}
],
"topics": [
"linear-algebra",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Functional analysis",
"en:Mathematics"
],
"glosses": [
"Of a bounded linear operator A, the set of scalar values λ such that the operator A—λI, where I denotes the identity operator, does not have a bounded inverse; intended as a generalisation of the linear algebra sense."
],
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"functional analysis",
"functional analysis"
],
[
"bounded",
"bounded"
],
[
"linear operator",
"linear operator"
],
[
"scalar",
"scalar"
],
[
"operator",
"operator"
],
[
"inverse",
"inverse"
]
],
"qualifier": "functional analysis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics, functional analysis) Of a bounded linear operator A, the set of scalar values λ such that the operator A—λI, where I denotes the identity operator, does not have a bounded inverse; intended as a generalisation of the linear algebra sense."
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Algebraic geometry"
],
"glosses": [
"An abstract object in mathematics created from a commutative ring R and denoted operatorname Spec(R) or operatorname SpecR and said to be the spectrum of R; useful in the study of such rings for providing a geometric object which encodes many of the properties R, and in modern geometry for generalizing the notion of an algebraic variety to that of an affine scheme. Formally, the set of all prime ideals R equipped with the Zariski topology and augmented with a sheaf of rings called the structure sheaf, generated by the B-sheaf on the distinguished open sets D_f which assigns the localization of R at f to each set D_f, regarded as a ring of functions on D_f. See Spectrum of a ring on Wikipedia.Wikipedia"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "Stone space"
}
],
"links": [
[
"commutative algebra",
"commutative algebra"
],
[
"algebraic geometry",
"algebraic geometry"
],
[
"abstract",
"abstract"
],
[
"commutative ring",
"commutative ring"
],
[
"geometric",
"geometric"
],
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"generalizing",
"generalize"
],
[
"algebraic variety",
"algebraic variety"
],
[
"affine scheme",
"affine scheme"
],
[
"prime ideal",
"prime ideal"
],
[
"Zariski topology",
"Zariski topology"
],
[
"sheaf",
"sheaf"
],
[
"rings",
"rings"
],
[
"structure sheaf",
"structure sheaf"
],
[
"B-sheaf",
"B-sheaf"
],
[
"distinguished open sets",
"distinguished open sets"
],
[
"Spectrum of a ring",
"w:Spectrum of a ring"
]
],
"qualifier": "commutative algebra",
"raw_glosses": [
"(commutative algebra, algebraic geometry) An abstract object in mathematics created from a commutative ring R and denoted operatorname Spec(R) or operatorname SpecR and said to be the spectrum of R; useful in the study of such rings for providing a geometric object which encodes many of the properties R, and in modern geometry for generalizing the notion of an algebraic variety to that of an affine scheme. Formally, the set of all prime ideals R equipped with the Zariski topology and augmented with a sheaf of rings called the structure sheaf, generated by the B-sheaf on the distinguished open sets D_f which assigns the localization of R at f to each set D_f, regarded as a ring of functions on D_f. See Spectrum of a ring on Wikipedia.Wikipedia"
],
"topics": [
"algebraic-geometry",
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Specter, apparition."
],
"links": [
[
"Specter",
"specter"
],
[
"apparition",
"apparition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Specter, apparition."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The image of something seen that persists after the eyes are closed."
],
"links": [
[
"image",
"image"
],
[
"see",
"see"
],
[
"eye",
"eye"
],
[
"close",
"close"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɛktɹəm/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American",
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛktɹəm"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-spectrum.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spectrum.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spectrum.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spectrum.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spectrum.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-spectrum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/En-us-spectrum.ogg/En-us-spectrum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/En-us-spectrum.ogg",
"tags": [
"Mid-Atlantic"
],
"text": "Audio (Mid-Atlantic)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "spjektr",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектр"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "spektǎr",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектър"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "range",
"word": "範圍"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fànwéi",
"sense": "range",
"word": "范围"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "range",
"word": "kirjo"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spectre"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sṗekṭri",
"sense": "range",
"word": "სპექტრი"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fásma",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φάσμα"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "speictream"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "range",
"word": "spettro"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "supekutoru",
"sense": "range",
"word": "スペクトル"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seupekteureom",
"sense": "range",
"word": "스펙트럼"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "teyf",
"sense": "range",
"word": "طیف"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectro"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espetro"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spectru"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "spektr",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектр"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "diapazón",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "диапазо́н"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectro"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "range",
"word": "balangaw"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "range",
"word": "สเปกตรัม"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "spektr",
"sense": "range",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектр"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "spektri"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭayf",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَيْف"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "spektr",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "սպեկտր"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "espektro"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "spektǎr",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектър"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectre"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "光譜"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gwong¹ pou²",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "光谱"
},
{
"code": "hak",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "光譜"
},
{
"code": "hak",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"roman": "kông-phú",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "光谱"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "光譜"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "guāngpǔ",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "光谱"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spekter"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spectrum"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "spektro"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "spekter"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "kirjo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "spektri"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spectre"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectro"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sṗekṭri",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "სპექტრი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Spektrum"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fásma",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φάσμα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fotófasma",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φωτόφασμα"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "spéktrum",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "ספקטרום"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "színkép"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "speictream"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "spettro"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "supekutoru",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "スペクトル"
},
{
"alt": "ぶんこう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bunkō",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "分光"
},
{
"alt": "分光",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bun'gwang",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "분광"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "şebeng"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spektrs"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spektras"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "spektar",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектар"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "tūāwhiorangi"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spekter"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spekter"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "teyf",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "طیف"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "binâb",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "بیناب"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "widmo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectro"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espetro"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spectru"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "spektr",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектр"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектар"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "spektar"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spekter"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectro"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spektrum"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "balangaw"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "varṇamāla",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "వర్ణమాల"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "สเปกตรัม"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "tayf"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "spektr",
"sense": "range of colors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектр"
},
{
"alt": "光譜",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "quang phổ"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "späktrum"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "range of colors",
"word": "kölaspäktrum"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "psychology: the autism spectrum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectro"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"word": "spektri"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spectre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Spektrum"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fásma",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φάσμα"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "speictream"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "supekutoru",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"word": "スペクトル"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "sbɨc",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"word": "ស្ប៊ិច"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"word": "tūāwhiorangi"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "binâb",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"word": "بیناب"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectro"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "chemistry: a pattern of absorption or emission of radiation",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espetro"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"word": "spektri"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spectre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Spektrum"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fásma",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φάσμα"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "speictream"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"word": "spettro"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "supekutoru",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"word": "スペクトル"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espectro"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espetro"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spectru"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "spektr",
"sense": "linear algebra: set of scalar values",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спектр"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"spectrum"
],
"word": "spectrum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *speḱ-",
"Latin terms suffixed with -trum",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "espectre",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: espectre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: espectre"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "spectrum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: spectrum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: spectrum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spectre",
"3": "specter",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: spectre, specter",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spectrum"
},
"expansion": "spectrum",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ English: spectre, specter; spectrum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "spectre",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: spectre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: spectre"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Spektrum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Spektrum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Spektrum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "speictream",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: speictream",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: speictream"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "spettro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: spettro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: spettro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "espectro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: espectro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: espectro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "spectru",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: spectru",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: spectru"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "спектр",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: спектр (spektr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: спектр (spektr)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "espectro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: espectro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: espectro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "spektrum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: spektrum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: spektrum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "specio",
"3": "trum",
"alt1": "spec(iō)",
"gloss1": "look at, behold"
},
"expansion": "spec(iō) (“look at, behold”) + -trum",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "speculum"
},
"expansion": "speculum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἴδωλον",
"t": "image"
},
"expansion": "εἴδωλον (eídōlon, “image”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From spec(iō) (“look at, behold”) + -trum (making it a doublet of speculum).\nThe only attestation in Classical antiquity is in a pair of letters between Cicero and Cassius Longinus which imply that the Epicurean Catius (fl. c. 50s–40s BC) used spectrum as a translation of the Greek philosophical term εἴδωλον (eídōlon, “image”). It may therefore have been coined by Catius as a neologism, although alternatively, it could be an undocumented but preexisting word that he repurposed as a technical term.\nAfter Cicero, the word is extremely sparsely attested until being revived around the start of the sixteenth century by Renaissance humanist authors with the meaning \"apparition\" or \"phantom\", possibly influenced by the fact that Greek εἴδωλον also had this sense.\nThe scientific use to refer to the visible spectrum of colored light was first introduced by Isaac Newton, who used the word in the second half of the seventeenth century in both his English writings and in his first Latin draft of the Opticks, the Fundamentum Opticae, although the 1706 Latin translation of Opticks by Samuel Clarke translates Newton's English spectrum into Latin as imago.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spectrī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spectra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spectra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spectrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spectra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spectrum<2>"
},
"expansion": "spectrum n (genitive spectrī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spectrum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "speciō"
},
{
"word": "spectiō"
},
{
"word": "spectō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "1900 translation by Evelyn Shuckburgh\nFor somehow it makes you seem almost present when I write anything to you, and that not 'by way of phantoms of images,' as your new friends express it, who hold that 'mental pictures' are caused by what Catius called 'spectres' — for I must remind you that Catius Insuber the Epicurean, lately dead, calls 'spectres' what the famous Gargettius, and before him Democritus, used to call 'images.' Well, even if my eyes were capable of being struck by these 'spectres,' because they spontaneously run in upon them at your will, I do not see how the mind can be struck. You will be obliged to explain it to me, when you return safe and sound, whether the 'spectre' of you is at my command, so as to occur to me as soon as I have taken the fancy to think about you; and not only about you, who are in my heart's core, but supposing I begin thinking about the island of Britain — will its image fly at once into my mind?",
"ref": "62 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Epistulae ad Familiares 15.16.1–2",
"text": "fit enim nescio qui ut quasi coram adesse videare cum scribo aliquid ad te, neque id κατ’ εἰδ<ώλ>ων φαντασίας, ut dicunt tui amici novi, qui putant etiam διανοητικὰς φαντασίας spectris Catianis excitari. nam, ne te fugiat, Catius Insuber Ἐπικούρειος, qui nuper est mortuus, quae ille Gargettius et iam ante Democritus εἴδωλα, hic spectra nominat. his autem spectris etiam si oculi possent feriri, quod ulis ipsa incurrunt, animus qui possit ego non video; doceas tu me oportebit cum salvus veneris. in meane potestate ut sit spectrum tuum, ut, simul ac mihi collibitum sit de te cogitare, illud occurrat? neque solum de te, qui mihi haeres in medullis, sed si insulam Britanniam coepero cogitare, eius εἴδωλον mihi advolabit ad pectus?"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appearance, image"
],
"links": [
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"image",
"image"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Latin quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1524, Desiderius Erasmus, Exorcismus sive spectrum",
"text": "Iam pridem vagabatur rumor ac fabula per eius loci rusticos, iuxta ponticulum hunc observari spectrum quoddam, cuius subinde exaudirentur miserandi eiulatus: suspicabantur, animam esse cuiuspiam, quae diris cruciatibus torqueretur."
}
],
"glosses": [
"apparition, specter, phantom"
],
"links": [
[
"apparition",
"apparition"
],
[
"specter",
"specter"
],
[
"phantom",
"phantom"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"New Latin"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Translation by Alan E. Shapiro\nI further considered that by the breadth of the hole F, through which the light enters the room, a penumbra is made in the border of the spectrum Y, and that penumbra remains in the straight sides of the spectra PT and pt.",
"ref": "c. 1687-88, Isaac Newton, Fundamentum Opticae",
"text": "Considerabam praeterea quod latitudine foraminis F per quod lux in cubiculum ingreditur fit penumbra in circuitu spectri Y, et penumbra illa permanet in lateribus rectilineis spectrorum PT et pt."
}
],
"glosses": [
"spectrum (band of light arranged in order by wavelength)"
],
"links": [
[
"spectrum",
"spectrum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(New Latin) spectrum (band of light arranged in order by wavelength)"
],
"tags": [
"New-Latin",
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspek.trum/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠pɛkt̪rʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspek.trum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈspɛkt̪rum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "īdōlum"
},
{
"word": "simulācrum"
},
{
"word": "imāgō"
},
{
"word": "speciēs"
},
{
"word": "figūra"
},
{
"word": "fōrma"
},
{
"word": "effigiēs"
},
{
"word": "phantasma"
}
],
"word": "spectrum"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.