"shale" meaning in All languages combined

See shale on Wiktionary

Noun [Chickasaw]

Head templates: {{head|cic|noun}} shale
  1. bus
    Sense id: en-shale-cic-noun-BOAn5JkK Categories (other): Chickasaw entries with incorrect language header

Noun [English]

IPA: /ʃeɪl/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-shale.wav [Southern-England] Forms: shales [plural]
Rhymes: -eɪl Etymology: From Middle English schale (“shell, husk; scale”), from Old English sċealu (“shell, husk, pod”), from Proto-Germanic *skalō (compare West Frisian skaal (“dish”), Dutch schaal (“shell”), schalie (“shale”), German Schale (“husk, pod”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split, cut”) (compare Lithuanian skalà (“splinter”), Old Church Slavonic скала (skala, “rock, stone”), Polish skała (“rock”), Albanian halë (“fish bone, splinter”), Sanskrit कल (kalá, “small part”)), from *(s)kel- (“to split, cleave”) (compare Hittite [script needed] (iškalla, “to tear apart, slit open”), Lithuanian skélti (“to split”), Ancient Greek σκάλλω (skállō, “to hoe, harrow”)). Doublet of scale. See also shell. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|schale||shell, husk; scale}} Middle English schale (“shell, husk; scale”), {{inh|en|ang|sċealu||shell, husk, pod}} Old English sċealu (“shell, husk, pod”), {{inh|en|gem-pro|*skalō}} Proto-Germanic *skalō, {{cog|fy|skaal||dish}} West Frisian skaal (“dish”), {{cog|nl|schaal||shell}} Dutch schaal (“shell”), {{m|nl|schalie||shale}} schalie (“shale”), {{cog|de|Schale||husk, pod}} German Schale (“husk, pod”), {{inh|en|ine-pro|*(s)kelH-||to split, cut}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split, cut”), {{cog|lt|skalà||splinter}} Lithuanian skalà (“splinter”), {{cog|cu|скала||rock, stone}} Old Church Slavonic скала (skala, “rock, stone”), {{cog|pl|skała||rock}} Polish skała (“rock”), {{cog|sq|halë||fish bone, splinter}} Albanian halë (“fish bone, splinter”), {{cog|sa|कल||small part|tr=kalá}} Sanskrit कल (kalá, “small part”), {{m|ine-pro|*(s)kel-||to split, cleave}} *(s)kel- (“to split, cleave”), {{cog|hit|t=to tear apart, slit open|tr=iškalla}} Hittite [script needed] (iškalla, “to tear apart, slit open”), {{cog|lt|skélti||to split}} Lithuanian skélti (“to split”), {{cog|grc|σκάλλω||to hoe, harrow}} Ancient Greek σκάλλω (skállō, “to hoe, harrow”), {{doublet|en|scale}} Doublet of scale, {{m|en|shell}} shell Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} shale (countable and uncountable, plural shales)
  1. A shell or husk; a cod or pod. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (shell, husk, cod, pod): kuori (Finnish), cadorna [feminine] (Galician), casca [feminine] (Galician), cáscara (Spanish), vaina (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-shale-en-noun-06nTImVk Disambiguation of 'shell, husk, cod, pod': 96 4
  2. (geology) A fine-grained sedimentary rock of a thin, laminated, and often friable, structure. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Geology, Rocks Translations (sedimentary rock): шиста (šista) [feminine] (Bulgarian), esquist [masculine] (Catalan), 頁岩 (Chinese Cantonese), 页岩 (jip⁶ ngaam⁴) (Chinese Cantonese), 頁岩 (Chinese Mandarin), 页岩 (yèyán) (Chinese Mandarin), lupek [masculine] (Czech), jílovitá břidlice (Czech), skisto (Esperanto), savikivi (Finnish), liuske (Finnish), schiste [masculine] (French), rachón [masculine] (Galician), fraga [feminine] (Galician), თიხიანი ფიქალი (tixiani pikali) (Georgian), Tonschiefer [masculine] (German), agyagpala (Hungarian), pala (Hungarian), leirsteinn [masculine] (Icelandic), leirflögur [feminine, plural] (Icelandic), savislantsa (Ingrian), scisto [masculine] (Italian), 頁岩 (ketsugan) (alt: けつがん) (Japanese), 泥板岩 (deibangan) (alt: でいばんがん) (Japanese), 혈암 (hyeoram) (alt: 頁岩) (Korean), шкри́лец (škrílec) [masculine] (Macedonian), bliu-pièrre [feminine] (Norman), leirskifer [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), skifer [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), leirskifer [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), skifer [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), شیست (šist) (Persian), łupek [masculine] (Polish), xisto (Portuguese), сла́нец (slánec) [masculine] (Russian), škriljac (Serbo-Croatian), škriljevac (Serbo-Croatian), esquisto [masculine] (Spanish), pizarra [feminine] (Spanish), lerskiffer (Swedish), skiffer (Swedish), eskuwisto (Tagalog), şeyl (Turkish), şist (Turkish)
    Sense id: en-shale-en-noun-B25VIb2a Disambiguation of Rocks: 6 84 11 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 10 73 18 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 8 77 15 Topics: geography, geology, natural-sciences Disambiguation of 'sedimentary rock': 1 99
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: alum shale, bituminous shale, black shale, oil shale, shale gas, shaleionaire, shale oil, shaley, shaly Related terms: gneiss, schist, slate

Verb [English]

IPA: /ʃeɪl/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-shale.wav [Southern-England] Forms: shales [present, singular, third-person], shaling [participle, present], shaled [participle, past], shaled [past]
Rhymes: -eɪl Etymology: From Middle English schale (“shell, husk; scale”), from Old English sċealu (“shell, husk, pod”), from Proto-Germanic *skalō (compare West Frisian skaal (“dish”), Dutch schaal (“shell”), schalie (“shale”), German Schale (“husk, pod”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split, cut”) (compare Lithuanian skalà (“splinter”), Old Church Slavonic скала (skala, “rock, stone”), Polish skała (“rock”), Albanian halë (“fish bone, splinter”), Sanskrit कल (kalá, “small part”)), from *(s)kel- (“to split, cleave”) (compare Hittite [script needed] (iškalla, “to tear apart, slit open”), Lithuanian skélti (“to split”), Ancient Greek σκάλλω (skállō, “to hoe, harrow”)). Doublet of scale. See also shell. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|schale||shell, husk; scale}} Middle English schale (“shell, husk; scale”), {{inh|en|ang|sċealu||shell, husk, pod}} Old English sċealu (“shell, husk, pod”), {{inh|en|gem-pro|*skalō}} Proto-Germanic *skalō, {{cog|fy|skaal||dish}} West Frisian skaal (“dish”), {{cog|nl|schaal||shell}} Dutch schaal (“shell”), {{m|nl|schalie||shale}} schalie (“shale”), {{cog|de|Schale||husk, pod}} German Schale (“husk, pod”), {{inh|en|ine-pro|*(s)kelH-||to split, cut}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split, cut”), {{cog|lt|skalà||splinter}} Lithuanian skalà (“splinter”), {{cog|cu|скала||rock, stone}} Old Church Slavonic скала (skala, “rock, stone”), {{cog|pl|skała||rock}} Polish skała (“rock”), {{cog|sq|halë||fish bone, splinter}} Albanian halë (“fish bone, splinter”), {{cog|sa|कल||small part|tr=kalá}} Sanskrit कल (kalá, “small part”), {{m|ine-pro|*(s)kel-||to split, cleave}} *(s)kel- (“to split, cleave”), {{cog|hit|t=to tear apart, slit open|tr=iškalla}} Hittite [script needed] (iškalla, “to tear apart, slit open”), {{cog|lt|skélti||to split}} Lithuanian skélti (“to split”), {{cog|grc|σκάλλω||to hoe, harrow}} Ancient Greek σκάλλω (skállō, “to hoe, harrow”), {{doublet|en|scale}} Doublet of scale, {{m|en|shell}} shell Head templates: {{en-verb}} shale (third-person singular simple present shales, present participle shaling, simple past and past participle shaled)
  1. To take off the shell or coat of. Synonyms: shell Translations (to take off the shell, husk, cod, pod): обелвам (obelvam) (Bulgarian), kuoria (Finnish), écoquiller (French), décoquiller (French), écaler (French), décortiquer (French)
    Sense id: en-shale-en-verb-ftglFFiz

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for shale meaning in All languages combined (17.6kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "alum shale"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bituminous shale"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "black shale"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "oil shale"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "shale gas"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "shaleionaire"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "shale oil"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "shaley"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "shaly"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "schale",
        "4": "",
        "5": "shell, husk; scale"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English schale (“shell, husk; scale”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "sċealu",
        "4": "",
        "5": "shell, husk, pod"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English sċealu (“shell, husk, pod”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*skalō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skalō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "skaal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "dish"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian skaal (“dish”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "schaal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shell"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch schaal (“shell”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "schalie",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shale"
      },
      "expansion": "schalie (“shale”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Schale",
        "3": "",
        "4": "husk, pod"
      },
      "expansion": "German Schale (“husk, pod”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)kelH-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to split, cut"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split, cut”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "skalà",
        "3": "",
        "4": "splinter"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian skalà (“splinter”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "скала",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rock, stone"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic скала (skala, “rock, stone”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "skała",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rock"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish skała (“rock”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "halë",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fish bone, splinter"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian halë (“fish bone, splinter”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "कल",
        "3": "",
        "4": "small part",
        "tr": "kalá"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit कल (kalá, “small part”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*(s)kel-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to split, cleave"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)kel- (“to split, cleave”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "t": "to tear apart, slit open",
        "tr": "iškalla"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (iškalla, “to tear apart, slit open”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "skélti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to split"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian skélti (“to split”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "σκάλλω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hoe, harrow"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek σκάλλω (skállō, “to hoe, harrow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "scale"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of scale",
      "name": "doublet"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "shell"
      },
      "expansion": "shell",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English schale (“shell, husk; scale”), from Old English sċealu (“shell, husk, pod”), from Proto-Germanic *skalō (compare West Frisian skaal (“dish”), Dutch schaal (“shell”), schalie (“shale”), German Schale (“husk, pod”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split, cut”) (compare Lithuanian skalà (“splinter”), Old Church Slavonic скала (skala, “rock, stone”), Polish skała (“rock”), Albanian halë (“fish bone, splinter”), Sanskrit कल (kalá, “small part”)), from *(s)kel- (“to split, cleave”) (compare Hittite [script needed] (iškalla, “to tear apart, slit open”), Lithuanian skélti (“to split”), Ancient Greek σκάλλω (skállō, “to hoe, harrow”)). Doublet of scale. See also shell.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "shales",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "shale (countable and uncountable, plural shales)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gneiss"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "schist"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "slate"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A shell or husk; a cod or pod."
      ],
      "id": "en-shale-en-noun-06nTImVk",
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "shell, husk, cod, pod",
          "word": "kuori"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "shell, husk, cod, pod",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cadorna"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "shell, husk, cod, pod",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "casca"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "shell, husk, cod, pod",
          "word": "cáscara"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 4",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "shell, husk, cod, pod",
          "word": "vaina"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Geology",
          "orig": "en:Geology",
          "parents": [
            "Earth sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 73 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 77 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 84 11",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Rocks",
          "orig": "en:Rocks",
          "parents": [
            "Geology",
            "Natural materials",
            "Earth sciences",
            "Materials",
            "Nature",
            "Sciences",
            "Manufacturing",
            "All topics",
            "Human activity",
            "Fundamental",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2007 March 23, Patricia Leigh Brown, “The Window Box Gets Some Tough Competition”, in New York Times",
          "text": "As on all large green roofs, the soil is not dirt exactly but a gravel-like growing medium of granulated pumice, shales, clays and other minerals.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A fine-grained sedimentary rock of a thin, laminated, and often friable, structure."
      ],
      "id": "en-shale-en-noun-B25VIb2a",
      "links": [
        [
          "geology",
          "geology"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(geology) A fine-grained sedimentary rock of a thin, laminated, and often friable, structure."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "geography",
        "geology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "šista",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "шиста"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "esquist"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "yue",
          "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "頁岩"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "yue",
          "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
          "roman": "jip⁶ ngaam⁴",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "页岩"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "頁岩"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "yèyán",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "页岩"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "lupek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "jílovitá břidlice"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "skisto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "savikivi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "liuske"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "schiste"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "rachón"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "fraga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "tixiani pikali",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "თიხიანი ფიქალი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Tonschiefer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "agyagpala"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "pala"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "leirsteinn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "leirflögur"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "izh",
          "lang": "Ingrian",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "savislantsa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "scisto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "alt": "けつがん",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "ketsugan",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "頁岩"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "alt": "でいばんがん",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "deibangan",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "泥板岩"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "alt": "頁岩",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "hyeoram",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "혈암"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "škrílec",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "шкри́лец"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "nrf",
          "lang": "Norman",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bliu-pièrre"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "leirskifer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "skifer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "leirskifer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "skifer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "šist",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "شیست"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "łupek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "xisto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "slánec",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "сла́нец"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "škriljac"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "škriljevac"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "esquisto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "pizarra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "lerskiffer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "skiffer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "eskuwisto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "şeyl"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "sedimentary rock",
          "word": "şist"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ʃeɪl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eɪl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-shale.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shale.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shale.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "shale"
  ],
  "word": "shale"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "schale",
        "4": "",
        "5": "shell, husk; scale"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English schale (“shell, husk; scale”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "sċealu",
        "4": "",
        "5": "shell, husk, pod"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English sċealu (“shell, husk, pod”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*skalō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skalō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "skaal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "dish"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian skaal (“dish”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "schaal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shell"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch schaal (“shell”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "schalie",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shale"
      },
      "expansion": "schalie (“shale”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Schale",
        "3": "",
        "4": "husk, pod"
      },
      "expansion": "German Schale (“husk, pod”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)kelH-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to split, cut"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split, cut”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "skalà",
        "3": "",
        "4": "splinter"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian skalà (“splinter”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "скала",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rock, stone"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic скала (skala, “rock, stone”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "skała",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rock"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish skała (“rock”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "halë",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fish bone, splinter"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian halë (“fish bone, splinter”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "कल",
        "3": "",
        "4": "small part",
        "tr": "kalá"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit कल (kalá, “small part”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*(s)kel-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to split, cleave"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)kel- (“to split, cleave”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "t": "to tear apart, slit open",
        "tr": "iškalla"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (iškalla, “to tear apart, slit open”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "skélti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to split"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian skélti (“to split”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "σκάλλω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hoe, harrow"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek σκάλλω (skállō, “to hoe, harrow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "scale"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of scale",
      "name": "doublet"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "shell"
      },
      "expansion": "shell",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English schale (“shell, husk; scale”), from Old English sċealu (“shell, husk, pod”), from Proto-Germanic *skalō (compare West Frisian skaal (“dish”), Dutch schaal (“shell”), schalie (“shale”), German Schale (“husk, pod”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split, cut”) (compare Lithuanian skalà (“splinter”), Old Church Slavonic скала (skala, “rock, stone”), Polish skała (“rock”), Albanian halë (“fish bone, splinter”), Sanskrit कल (kalá, “small part”)), from *(s)kel- (“to split, cleave”) (compare Hittite [script needed] (iškalla, “to tear apart, slit open”), Lithuanian skélti (“to split”), Ancient Greek σκάλλω (skállō, “to hoe, harrow”)). Doublet of scale. See also shell.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "shales",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shaling",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shaled",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shaled",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "shale (third-person singular simple present shales, present participle shaling, simple past and past participle shaled)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To take off the shell or coat of."
      ],
      "id": "en-shale-en-verb-ftglFFiz",
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "shell"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "obelvam",
          "sense": "to take off the shell, husk, cod, pod",
          "word": "обелвам"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to take off the shell, husk, cod, pod",
          "word": "kuoria"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to take off the shell, husk, cod, pod",
          "word": "écoquiller"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to take off the shell, husk, cod, pod",
          "word": "décoquiller"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to take off the shell, husk, cod, pod",
          "word": "écaler"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to take off the shell, husk, cod, pod",
          "word": "décortiquer"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ʃeɪl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eɪl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-shale.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shale.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shale.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "shale"
  ],
  "word": "shale"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cic",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "shale",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chickasaw",
  "lang_code": "cic",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chickasaw entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bus"
      ],
      "id": "en-shale-cic-noun-BOAn5JkK",
      "links": [
        [
          "bus",
          "bus"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "shale"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cic",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "shale",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chickasaw",
  "lang_code": "cic",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chickasaw entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chickasaw lemmas",
        "Chickasaw nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bus"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bus",
          "bus"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "shale"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Requests for native script for Hittite terms",
    "Rhymes:English/eɪl",
    "Rhymes:English/eɪl/1 syllable",
    "en:Rocks"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "alum shale"
    },
    {
      "word": "bituminous shale"
    },
    {
      "word": "black shale"
    },
    {
      "word": "oil shale"
    },
    {
      "word": "shale gas"
    },
    {
      "word": "shaleionaire"
    },
    {
      "word": "shale oil"
    },
    {
      "word": "shaley"
    },
    {
      "word": "shaly"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "schale",
        "4": "",
        "5": "shell, husk; scale"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English schale (“shell, husk; scale”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "sċealu",
        "4": "",
        "5": "shell, husk, pod"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English sċealu (“shell, husk, pod”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*skalō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skalō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "skaal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "dish"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian skaal (“dish”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "schaal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shell"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch schaal (“shell”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "schalie",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shale"
      },
      "expansion": "schalie (“shale”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Schale",
        "3": "",
        "4": "husk, pod"
      },
      "expansion": "German Schale (“husk, pod”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)kelH-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to split, cut"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split, cut”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "skalà",
        "3": "",
        "4": "splinter"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian skalà (“splinter”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "скала",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rock, stone"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic скала (skala, “rock, stone”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "skała",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rock"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish skała (“rock”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "halë",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fish bone, splinter"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian halë (“fish bone, splinter”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "कल",
        "3": "",
        "4": "small part",
        "tr": "kalá"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit कल (kalá, “small part”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*(s)kel-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to split, cleave"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)kel- (“to split, cleave”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "t": "to tear apart, slit open",
        "tr": "iškalla"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (iškalla, “to tear apart, slit open”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "skélti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to split"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian skélti (“to split”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "σκάλλω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hoe, harrow"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek σκάλλω (skállō, “to hoe, harrow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "scale"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of scale",
      "name": "doublet"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "shell"
      },
      "expansion": "shell",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English schale (“shell, husk; scale”), from Old English sċealu (“shell, husk, pod”), from Proto-Germanic *skalō (compare West Frisian skaal (“dish”), Dutch schaal (“shell”), schalie (“shale”), German Schale (“husk, pod”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split, cut”) (compare Lithuanian skalà (“splinter”), Old Church Slavonic скала (skala, “rock, stone”), Polish skała (“rock”), Albanian halë (“fish bone, splinter”), Sanskrit कल (kalá, “small part”)), from *(s)kel- (“to split, cleave”) (compare Hittite [script needed] (iškalla, “to tear apart, slit open”), Lithuanian skélti (“to split”), Ancient Greek σκάλλω (skállō, “to hoe, harrow”)). Doublet of scale. See also shell.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "shales",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "shale (countable and uncountable, plural shales)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "gneiss"
    },
    {
      "word": "schist"
    },
    {
      "word": "slate"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A shell or husk; a cod or pod."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Geology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2007 March 23, Patricia Leigh Brown, “The Window Box Gets Some Tough Competition”, in New York Times",
          "text": "As on all large green roofs, the soil is not dirt exactly but a gravel-like growing medium of granulated pumice, shales, clays and other minerals.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A fine-grained sedimentary rock of a thin, laminated, and often friable, structure."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "geology",
          "geology"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(geology) A fine-grained sedimentary rock of a thin, laminated, and often friable, structure."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "geography",
        "geology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ʃeɪl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eɪl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-shale.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shale.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shale.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "shell, husk, cod, pod",
      "word": "kuori"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "shell, husk, cod, pod",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cadorna"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "shell, husk, cod, pod",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "casca"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "shell, husk, cod, pod",
      "word": "cáscara"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "shell, husk, cod, pod",
      "word": "vaina"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "šista",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "шиста"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "esquist"
    },
    {
      "code": "yue",
      "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "頁岩"
    },
    {
      "code": "yue",
      "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
      "roman": "jip⁶ ngaam⁴",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "页岩"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "頁岩"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "yèyán",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "页岩"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lupek"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "jílovitá břidlice"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "skisto"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "savikivi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "liuske"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "schiste"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "rachón"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "fraga"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "tixiani pikali",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "თიხიანი ფიქალი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Tonschiefer"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "agyagpala"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "pala"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "leirsteinn"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "leirflögur"
    },
    {
      "code": "izh",
      "lang": "Ingrian",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "savislantsa"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "scisto"
    },
    {
      "alt": "けつがん",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "ketsugan",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "頁岩"
    },
    {
      "alt": "でいばんがん",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "deibangan",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "泥板岩"
    },
    {
      "alt": "頁岩",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "hyeoram",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "혈암"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "škrílec",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "шкри́лец"
    },
    {
      "code": "nrf",
      "lang": "Norman",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bliu-pièrre"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "leirskifer"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "skifer"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "leirskifer"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "skifer"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "šist",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "شیست"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "łupek"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "xisto"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "slánec",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "сла́нец"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "škriljac"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "škriljevac"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "esquisto"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "pizarra"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "lerskiffer"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "skiffer"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "eskuwisto"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "şeyl"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "sedimentary rock",
      "word": "şist"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "shale"
  ],
  "word": "shale"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Requests for native script for Hittite terms",
    "Rhymes:English/eɪl",
    "Rhymes:English/eɪl/1 syllable",
    "en:Rocks"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "schale",
        "4": "",
        "5": "shell, husk; scale"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English schale (“shell, husk; scale”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "sċealu",
        "4": "",
        "5": "shell, husk, pod"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English sċealu (“shell, husk, pod”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*skalō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skalō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "skaal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "dish"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian skaal (“dish”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "schaal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shell"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch schaal (“shell”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "schalie",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shale"
      },
      "expansion": "schalie (“shale”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Schale",
        "3": "",
        "4": "husk, pod"
      },
      "expansion": "German Schale (“husk, pod”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)kelH-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to split, cut"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split, cut”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "skalà",
        "3": "",
        "4": "splinter"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian skalà (“splinter”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "скала",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rock, stone"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic скала (skala, “rock, stone”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "skała",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rock"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish skała (“rock”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "halë",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fish bone, splinter"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian halë (“fish bone, splinter”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "कल",
        "3": "",
        "4": "small part",
        "tr": "kalá"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit कल (kalá, “small part”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*(s)kel-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to split, cleave"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)kel- (“to split, cleave”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "t": "to tear apart, slit open",
        "tr": "iškalla"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (iškalla, “to tear apart, slit open”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "skélti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to split"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian skélti (“to split”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "σκάλλω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hoe, harrow"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek σκάλλω (skállō, “to hoe, harrow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "scale"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of scale",
      "name": "doublet"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "shell"
      },
      "expansion": "shell",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English schale (“shell, husk; scale”), from Old English sċealu (“shell, husk, pod”), from Proto-Germanic *skalō (compare West Frisian skaal (“dish”), Dutch schaal (“shell”), schalie (“shale”), German Schale (“husk, pod”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split, cut”) (compare Lithuanian skalà (“splinter”), Old Church Slavonic скала (skala, “rock, stone”), Polish skała (“rock”), Albanian halë (“fish bone, splinter”), Sanskrit कल (kalá, “small part”)), from *(s)kel- (“to split, cleave”) (compare Hittite [script needed] (iškalla, “to tear apart, slit open”), Lithuanian skélti (“to split”), Ancient Greek σκάλλω (skállō, “to hoe, harrow”)). Doublet of scale. See also shell.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "shales",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shaling",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shaled",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shaled",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "shale (third-person singular simple present shales, present participle shaling, simple past and past participle shaled)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To take off the shell or coat of."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ʃeɪl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eɪl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-shale.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shale.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-shale.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "shell"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "obelvam",
      "sense": "to take off the shell, husk, cod, pod",
      "word": "обелвам"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to take off the shell, husk, cod, pod",
      "word": "kuoria"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to take off the shell, husk, cod, pod",
      "word": "écoquiller"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to take off the shell, husk, cod, pod",
      "word": "décoquiller"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to take off the shell, husk, cod, pod",
      "word": "écaler"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to take off the shell, husk, cod, pod",
      "word": "décortiquer"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "shale"
  ],
  "word": "shale"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.