See łupek in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "łupać",
"3": "-ek"
},
"expansion": "łupać + -ek",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From łupać + -ek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "łupek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "łupki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "łupku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "łupków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "łupkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "łupkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "łupek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "łupki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "łupkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "łupkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "łupku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "łupkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "łupku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "łupki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "łupek m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"łu‧pek"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"gens": "łupku"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "iłołupek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "łupek ilasty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "łupkowy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "pl:Geology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "57 33 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Rocks",
"orig": "pl:Rocks",
"parents": [
"Geology",
"Natural materials",
"Earth sciences",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"slate, shale (metamorphic rock)"
],
"id": "en-łupek-pl-noun-i66tCSm4",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"slate",
"slate"
],
[
"shale",
"shale"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) slate, shale (metamorphic rock)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 60 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 62 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 56 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 59 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 56 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ek",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 52 20",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Building materials",
"orig": "pl:Building materials",
"parents": [
"Construction",
"Materials",
"Architecture",
"Engineering",
"Manufacturing",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Technology",
"Human activity",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Society",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 65 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Roofing",
"orig": "pl:Roofing",
"parents": [
"Construction",
"Architecture",
"Engineering",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Technology",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 60 27",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Hoopoes and hornbills",
"orig": "pl:Hoopoes and hornbills",
"parents": [
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"roofing material made of slate"
],
"id": "en-łupek-pl-noun-ZkCj3imF",
"links": [
[
"roofing",
"roofing"
],
[
"material",
"material"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwu.pɛk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwu.pɛk/",
"note": "Kuyavia"
},
{
"rhymes": "-upɛk"
}
],
"word": "łupek"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Onomatopoeic",
"name": "onom"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-ek"
},
"expansion": "-ek",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Onomatopoeic + -ek.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "łupek m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"łu‧pek"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kuyavian Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of dudek (“hoopoe”) (Upupa epops)"
],
"id": "en-łupek-pl-noun-6uq7yAoJ",
"links": [
[
"dudek",
"dudek#Polish"
],
[
"hoopoe",
"hoopoe"
],
[
"Upupa epops",
"Upupa epops#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Kuyavia) Synonym of dudek (“hoopoe”) (Upupa epops)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(“hoopoe”) (Upupa epops)",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "dudek"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwu.pɛk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwu.pɛk/",
"note": "Kuyavia"
},
{
"rhymes": "-upɛk"
}
],
"word": "łupek"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish onomatopoeias",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ek",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/upɛk",
"Rhymes:Polish/upɛk/2 syllables",
"pl:Building materials",
"pl:Hoopoes and hornbills",
"pl:Rocks",
"pl:Roofing"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "łupać",
"3": "-ek"
},
"expansion": "łupać + -ek",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From łupać + -ek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "łupek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "łupki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "łupku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "łupków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "łupkowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "łupkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "łupek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "łupki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "łupkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "łupkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "łupku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "łupkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "łupku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "łupki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "łupek m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"łu‧pek"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"gens": "łupku"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "iłołupek"
},
{
"word": "łupek ilasty"
},
{
"word": "łupkowy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pl:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"slate, shale (metamorphic rock)"
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"slate",
"slate"
],
[
"shale",
"shale"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) slate, shale (metamorphic rock)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"roofing material made of slate"
],
"links": [
[
"roofing",
"roofing"
],
[
"material",
"material"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwu.pɛk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwu.pɛk/",
"note": "Kuyavia"
},
{
"rhymes": "-upɛk"
}
],
"word": "łupek"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish onomatopoeias",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ek",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/upɛk",
"Rhymes:Polish/upɛk/2 syllables",
"pl:Building materials",
"pl:Hoopoes and hornbills",
"pl:Rocks",
"pl:Roofing"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Onomatopoeic",
"name": "onom"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-ek"
},
"expansion": "-ek",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Onomatopoeic + -ek.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "łupek m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"łu‧pek"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Kuyavian Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of dudek (“hoopoe”) (Upupa epops)"
],
"links": [
[
"dudek",
"dudek#Polish"
],
[
"hoopoe",
"hoopoe"
],
[
"Upupa epops",
"Upupa epops#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Kuyavia) Synonym of dudek (“hoopoe”) (Upupa epops)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(“hoopoe”) (Upupa epops)",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "dudek"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwu.pɛk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwu.pɛk/",
"note": "Kuyavia"
},
{
"rhymes": "-upɛk"
}
],
"word": "łupek"
}
Download raw JSONL data for łupek meaning in Polish (4.4kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Kuyavia",
"path": [
"łupek"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "łupek",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Kuyavia",
"path": [
"łupek"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "łupek",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.