See robin on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Australasian robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cock-robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cock-robin shop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "eastern yellow robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "forest robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Japanese robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "magpie-robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "mangrove robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Natal robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Peking robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Pekin robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ragged robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "robin-breast"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "robin-chat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "robin dipper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "robin egg blue"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "robin redbreast"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "robin-run-in-the-grass"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "robin-run-in-the-hedge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "robin-run-the-hedge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "robin snipe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "robin snow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rose robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "round robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "round-robin story"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rufous bush robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rufous scrub robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rufous-tailed scrub robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "scrub robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "sea robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "wake robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "wake-robin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "white-throated robin"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "robynet"
},
"expansion": "Middle English robynet",
"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
"1": "Erithacus rubecula",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Erithacus rubecula",
"name": "taxfmt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Turdus migratorius",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Turdus migratorius",
"name": "taxfmt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Short for robin redbreast. Also from Middle English robynet, robynett (“robin (bird)”), from the Middle English name Robynett, a diminutive of the Middle English name Robyn (“Robin”).\n]\n]",
"forms": [
{
"form": "robins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "robin (plural robins)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rob‧in"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
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},
{
"_dis": "33 33 2 32",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Australasian robins",
"orig": "en:Australasian robins",
"parents": [
"Perching birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 2 31",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Muscicapids",
"orig": "en:Muscicapids",
"parents": [
"Perching birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 34 2 30",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Thrushes",
"orig": "en:Thrushes",
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"Perching birds",
"Birds",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922, Michael Arlen, “Ep./4/2”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days:",
"text": "As they turned into Hertford Street they startled a robin from the poet's head on a barren fountain, and he fled away with a cameo note.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various passerine birds (about 100 species) of the families Muscicapidae, Turdidae and Petroicidae (formerly Eopsaltriidae), typically with a red breast.",
"A European robin, Erithacus rubecula."
],
"id": "en-robin-en-noun-lZVR-d3f",
"links": [
[
"passerine",
"passerine"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"Muscicapidae",
"Muscicapidae#Translingual"
],
[
"Turdidae",
"Turdidae#Translingual"
],
[
"Petroicidae",
"Petroicidae#Translingual"
],
[
"European robin",
"European robin"
],
[
"Erithacus rubecula",
"Erithacus rubecula#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"sense": "the European robin",
"word": "ruddock"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "aršalusik",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "արշալուսիկ"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "raitán"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "şəfəq bülbülü"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "txantxangorri"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "malinaŭka",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "малінаўка"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "boc'hruz"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "červenošijka",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "червеношийка"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pit-roig"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "tsisquoquo",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "ᏥᏍᏉᏉ"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhīgēngniǎo",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "知更鳥 /知更鸟"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "ōuyàqú",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "歐亞鴝 /欧亚鸲"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "rudhek"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "červenka"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "rødhals"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "roodborstje"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "ruĝgorĝulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "rubekolo"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "punarind"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bringureyði"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "punarinta"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rouge-gorge"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rouge-gorge familier"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "paporrubio"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "paporroibo"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "pisco"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paifoco"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gulc̣itela",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "გულწითელა"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Rotkehlchen"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kokkinolaímis",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κοκκινολαίμης"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "eríthakos",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ἐρίθακος"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "adom-hekhazé",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "אֲדֹם-הֶחָזֶה"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "vörösbegy"
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{
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[
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[
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[
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{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 44 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Volapük translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 45 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 42 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A trimming in front of a dress."
],
"id": "en-robin-en-noun-C6UPcYvG",
"links": [
[
"trimming",
"trimming"
],
[
"dress",
"dress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A trimming in front of a dress."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɒ.bɪn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɑː.bɪn/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-robin.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-robin.ogg/En-us-robin.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-robin.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒbɪn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "41 41 19",
"sense": "all senses",
"word": "redbreast"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 41 19",
"sense": "all senses",
"word": "robin redbreast"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "45 45 11",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "tsisquoquo",
"sense": "any bird called robin in English",
"word": "ᏥᏍᏉᏉ"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 45 11",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhīgēngniǎo",
"sense": "any bird called robin in English",
"word": "知更鳥 /知更鸟"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 45 11",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any bird called robin in English",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grive"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 45 11",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "any bird called robin in English",
"word": "pītoitoi"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 45 11",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any bird called robin in English",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tordo"
}
],
"word": "robin"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "robin (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Organic compounds",
"orig": "en:Organic compounds",
"parents": [
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "28 27 2 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 2 32",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Australasian robins",
"orig": "en:Australasian robins",
"parents": [
"Perching birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 2 31",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Muscicapids",
"orig": "en:Muscicapids",
"parents": [
"Perching birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 34 2 30",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Thrushes",
"orig": "en:Thrushes",
"parents": [
"Perching birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "antirobin"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A toxalbumin obtained from the locust tree."
],
"id": "en-robin-en-noun-Up1UmiQn",
"links": [
[
"organic chemistry",
"organic chemistry"
],
[
"toxalbumin",
"toxalbumin"
],
[
"locust tree",
"locust tree"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) A toxalbumin obtained from the locust tree."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "robinin"
},
{
"word": "round-robin"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"organic-chemistry",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "robin"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "robin",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "42 4 13 13 3 21 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 3 13 13 2 20 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "robar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of robar:",
"third-person plural present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-robin-ca-verb-6OA4xC-8",
"links": [
[
"robar",
"robar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "robar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of robar:",
"third-person plural imperative"
],
"id": "en-robin-ca-verb-pwqR0CM7",
"links": [
[
"robar",
"robar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈrɔ.βin]",
"tags": [
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrɔ.bin]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "robin"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Familiar form of Robert.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "robins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "robin m (plural robins)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French terms suffixed with -in",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "robinet"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sheep, calf"
],
"id": "en-robin-fr-noun-aP18fsX1",
"links": [
[
"sheep",
"sheep"
],
[
"calf",
"calf"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) sheep, calf"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʁɔ.bɛ̃/"
}
],
"word": "robin"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "robe",
"3": "in"
},
"expansion": "robe + -in",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derivative of robe, in the phrase homme de robe (“man of the gown”). robe + -in.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "robins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "robin m (plural robins)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"lawyer"
],
"id": "en-robin-fr-noun-g6cAUlBH",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"lawyer",
"lawyer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, derogatory) lawyer"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"derogatory",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʁɔ.bɛ̃/"
}
],
"word": "robin"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan non-lemma forms",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Catalan verb forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "robin",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "robar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of robar:",
"third-person plural present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"robar",
"robar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "robar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of robar:",
"third-person plural imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"robar",
"robar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈrɔ.βin]",
"tags": [
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrɔ.bin]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "robin"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Albanian translations",
"Requests for review of Belarusian translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Friulian translations",
"Requests for review of Icelandic translations",
"Requests for review of Ladin translations",
"Requests for review of Low German translations",
"Requests for review of Macedonian translations",
"Requests for review of Maltese translations",
"Requests for review of Occitan translations",
"Requests for review of Romani translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Requests for review of Sardinian translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Requests for review of Slovak translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Requests for review of Ukrainian translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɒbɪn",
"Rhymes:English/ɒbɪn/2 syllables",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cherokee translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Ladin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Low German translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romani translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Romansch translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sardinian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Upper Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with West Frisian translations",
"en:Australasian robins",
"en:Muscicapids",
"en:Thrushes"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Australasian robin"
},
{
"word": "cock-robin"
},
{
"word": "cock-robin shop"
},
{
"word": "eastern yellow robin"
},
{
"word": "forest robin"
},
{
"word": "Japanese robin"
},
{
"word": "magpie-robin"
},
{
"word": "mangrove robin"
},
{
"word": "Natal robin"
},
{
"word": "Peking robin"
},
{
"word": "Pekin robin"
},
{
"word": "ragged robin"
},
{
"word": "robin-breast"
},
{
"word": "robin-chat"
},
{
"word": "robin dipper"
},
{
"word": "robin egg blue"
},
{
"word": "robin redbreast"
},
{
"word": "robin-run-in-the-grass"
},
{
"word": "robin-run-in-the-hedge"
},
{
"word": "robin-run-the-hedge"
},
{
"word": "robin snipe"
},
{
"word": "robin snow"
},
{
"word": "rose robin"
},
{
"word": "round robin"
},
{
"word": "round-robin story"
},
{
"word": "rufous bush robin"
},
{
"word": "rufous scrub robin"
},
{
"word": "rufous-tailed scrub robin"
},
{
"word": "scrub robin"
},
{
"word": "sea robin"
},
{
"word": "wake robin"
},
{
"word": "wake-robin"
},
{
"word": "white-throated robin"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "robynet"
},
"expansion": "Middle English robynet",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Erithacus rubecula",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Erithacus rubecula",
"name": "taxfmt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Turdus migratorius",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Turdus migratorius",
"name": "taxfmt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Short for robin redbreast. Also from Middle English robynet, robynett (“robin (bird)”), from the Middle English name Robynett, a diminutive of the Middle English name Robyn (“Robin”).\n]\n]",
"forms": [
{
"form": "robins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "robin (plural robins)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rob‧in"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (family)"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922, Michael Arlen, “Ep./4/2”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days:",
"text": "As they turned into Hertford Street they startled a robin from the poet's head on a barren fountain, and he fled away with a cameo note.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various passerine birds (about 100 species) of the families Muscicapidae, Turdidae and Petroicidae (formerly Eopsaltriidae), typically with a red breast.",
"A European robin, Erithacus rubecula."
],
"links": [
[
"passerine",
"passerine"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"Muscicapidae",
"Muscicapidae#Translingual"
],
[
"Turdidae",
"Turdidae#Translingual"
],
[
"Petroicidae",
"Petroicidae#Translingual"
],
[
"European robin",
"European robin"
],
[
"Erithacus rubecula",
"Erithacus rubecula#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (family)"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various passerine birds (about 100 species) of the families Muscicapidae, Turdidae and Petroicidae (formerly Eopsaltriidae), typically with a red breast.",
"An American robin, Turdus migratorius."
],
"links": [
[
"passerine",
"passerine"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"Muscicapidae",
"Muscicapidae#Translingual"
],
[
"Turdidae",
"Turdidae#Translingual"
],
[
"Petroicidae",
"Petroicidae#Translingual"
],
[
"American robin",
"American robin"
],
[
"Turdus migratorius",
"Turdus migratorius#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A trimming in front of a dress."
],
"links": [
[
"trimming",
"trimming"
],
[
"dress",
"dress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A trimming in front of a dress."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɒ.bɪn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɑː.bɪn/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-robin.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-robin.ogg/En-us-robin.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-robin.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒbɪn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "all senses",
"word": "redbreast"
},
{
"sense": "all senses",
"word": "robin redbreast"
},
{
"sense": "the European robin",
"word": "ruddock"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "tsisquoquo",
"sense": "any bird called robin in English",
"word": "ᏥᏍᏉᏉ"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhīgēngniǎo",
"sense": "any bird called robin in English",
"word": "知更鳥 /知更鸟"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any bird called robin in English",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grive"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "any bird called robin in English",
"word": "pītoitoi"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any bird called robin in English",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tordo"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "aršalusik",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "արշալուսիկ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "raitán"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "şəfəq bülbülü"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "txantxangorri"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "malinaŭka",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "малінаўка"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "boc'hruz"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "červenošijka",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "червеношийка"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pit-roig"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "tsisquoquo",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "ᏥᏍᏉᏉ"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhīgēngniǎo",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "知更鳥 /知更鸟"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "ōuyàqú",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "歐亞鴝 /欧亚鸲"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "rudhek"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "červenka"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "rødhals"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "roodborstje"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "ruĝgorĝulo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "rubekolo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "punarind"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bringureyði"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "punarinta"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rouge-gorge"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rouge-gorge familier"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "paporrubio"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "paporroibo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "pisco"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paifoco"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gulc̣itela",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "გულწითელა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Rotkehlchen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kokkinolaímis",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κοκκινολαίμης"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "eríthakos",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ἐρίθακος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "adom-hekhazé",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "אֲדֹם-הֶחָזֶה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "vörösbegy"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glóbrystingur"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spideog"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pettirosso"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "Yōroppa komadori",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "ヨーロッパコマドリ"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "sarkanrīklīte"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "liepsnelė"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "pitirross"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rouoge-gorge"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "rødstrupe"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "raudstrupe"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "papach-rós"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "barbarós"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "rigal"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rudduc"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rudzik"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "raszka"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rudzik zwyczajny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pisco-de-peito-ruivo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gușă-roșie"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "măcăleandru"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"Rumantsch-Grischun",
"masculine"
],
"word": "puppen cotschen"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"Sursilvan",
"masculine"
],
"word": "puppen tgietschen"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"Sutsilvan",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pupencotschen"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"Surmiran",
"masculine"
],
"word": "poppen cotschen"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"Puter",
"Vallander",
"masculine"
],
"word": "gulacotschen"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zarjánka",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "заря́нка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "malínovka",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мали́новка"
},
{
"code": "smi",
"lang": "Sami",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "guovssoloddi"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "brù-dhearg"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "crvendać"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "červienka"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "taščica"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sprjosk"
},
{
"code": "hsb",
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ročk"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "petirrojo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "rödhake"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "kızılgerdan"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "oanh"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "oanh châu Âu"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "redablötareitak"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"english": "Erithacus",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "reitak"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rodje-goidje"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "loudene"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "robin goch"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "Erithacus rubecula",
"word": "readboarstke"
}
],
"word": "robin"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Australasian robins",
"en:Muscicapids",
"en:Thrushes"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "antirobin"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "robin (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "robinin"
},
{
"word": "round-robin"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Organic compounds"
],
"glosses": [
"A toxalbumin obtained from the locust tree."
],
"links": [
[
"organic chemistry",
"organic chemistry"
],
[
"toxalbumin",
"toxalbumin"
],
[
"locust tree",
"locust tree"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) A toxalbumin obtained from the locust tree."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"organic-chemistry",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "robin"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms suffixed with -in",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "robinet"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Familiar form of Robert.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "robins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "robin m (plural robins)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"sheep, calf"
],
"links": [
[
"sheep",
"sheep"
],
[
"calf",
"calf"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) sheep, calf"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʁɔ.bɛ̃/"
}
],
"word": "robin"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms suffixed with -in",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "robe",
"3": "in"
},
"expansion": "robe + -in",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derivative of robe, in the phrase homme de robe (“man of the gown”). robe + -in.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "robins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "robin m (plural robins)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French derogatory terms",
"French terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"lawyer"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"lawyer",
"lawyer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, derogatory) lawyer"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"derogatory",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʁɔ.bɛ̃/"
}
],
"word": "robin"
}
Download raw JSONL data for robin meaning in All languages combined (20.0kB)
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "robin/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Albanian translations\", \"Requests for review of Belarusian translations\", \"Requests for review of French translations\", \"Requests for review of Friulian translations\", \"Requests for review of Icelandic translations\", \"Requests for review of Ladin translations\", \"Requests for review of Low German translations\", \"Requests for review of Macedonian translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Occitan translations\", \"Requests for review of Romani translations\", \"Requests for review of Romanian translations\", \"Requests for review of Sardinian translations\", \"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Requests for review of Slovak translations\", \"Requests for review of Spanish translations\", \"Requests for review of Ukrainian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒbɪn\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒbɪn/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cherokee translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Ladin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Low German translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romani translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sardinian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Upper Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with West Frisian translations\", \"en:Australasian robins\", \"en:Muscicapids\", \"en:Thrushes\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"Australasian robin\"}, {\"word\": \"cock-robin\"}, {\"word\": \"cock-robin shop\"}, {\"word\": \"eastern yellow robin\"}, {\"word\": \"forest robin\"}, {\"word\": \"Japanese robin\"}, {\"word\": \"magpie-robin\"}, {\"word\": \"mangrove robin\"}, {\"word\": \"Natal robin\"}, {\"word\": \"Peking robin\"}, {\"word\": \"Pekin robin\"}, {\"word\": \"ragged robin\"}, {\"word\": \"robin-breast\"}, {\"word\": \"robin-chat\"}, {\"word\": \"robin dipper\"}, {\"word\": \"robin egg blue\"}, {\"word\": \"robin redbreast\"}, {\"word\": \"robin-run-in-the-grass\"}, {\"word\": \"robin-run-in-the-hedge\"}, {\"word\": \"robin-run-the-hedge\"}, {\"word\": \"robin snipe\"}, {\"word\": \"robin snow\"}, {\"word\": \"rose robin\"}, {\"word\": \"round robin\"}, {\"word\": \"round-robin story\"}, {\"word\": \"rufous bush robin\"}, {\"word\": \"rufous scrub robin\"}, {\"word\": \"rufous-tailed scrub robin\"}, {\"word\": \"scrub robin\"}, {\"word\": \"sea robin\"}, {\"word\": \"wake robin\"}, {\"word\": \"wake-robin\"}, {\"word\": \"white-throated robin\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"robynet\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English robynet\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"2\": \"species\"}, \"expansion\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"name\": \"taxfmt\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Turdus migratorius\", \"2\": \"species\"}, \"expansion\": \"Turdus migratorius\", \"name\": \"taxfmt\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Short for robin redbreast. Also from Middle English robynet, robynett (“robin (bird)”), from the Middle English name Robynett, a diminutive of the Middle English name Robyn (“Robin”).\\n]\\n]\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"robins\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"robin (plural robins)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"rob‧in\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (family)\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1922, Michael Arlen, “Ep./4/2”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days:\", \"text\": \"As they turned into Hertford Street they startled a robin from the poet's head on a barren fountain, and he fled away with a cameo note.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any of various passerine birds (about 100 species) of the families Muscicapidae, Turdidae and Petroicidae (formerly Eopsaltriidae), typically with a red breast.\", \"A European robin, Erithacus rubecula.\"], \"links\": [[\"passerine\", \"passerine\"], [\"bird\", \"bird\"], [\"Muscicapidae\", \"Muscicapidae#Translingual\"], [\"Turdidae\", \"Turdidae#Translingual\"], [\"Petroicidae\", \"Petroicidae#Translingual\"], [\"European robin\", \"European robin\"], [\"Erithacus rubecula\", \"Erithacus rubecula#Translingual\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Entries using missing taxonomic name (family)\"], \"glosses\": [\"Any of various passerine birds (about 100 species) of the families Muscicapidae, Turdidae and Petroicidae (formerly Eopsaltriidae), typically with a red breast.\", \"An American robin, Turdus migratorius.\"], \"links\": [[\"passerine\", \"passerine\"], [\"bird\", \"bird\"], [\"Muscicapidae\", \"Muscicapidae#Translingual\"], [\"Turdidae\", \"Turdidae#Translingual\"], [\"Petroicidae\", \"Petroicidae#Translingual\"], [\"American robin\", \"American robin\"], [\"Turdus migratorius\", \"Turdus migratorius#Translingual\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with historical senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"A trimming in front of a dress.\"], \"links\": [[\"trimming\", \"trimming\"], [\"dress\", \"dress\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(historical) A trimming in front of a dress.\"], \"tags\": [\"historical\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹɒ.bɪn/\", \"tags\": [\"UK\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹɑː.bɪn/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-robin.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-robin.ogg/En-us-robin.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-robin.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒbɪn\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"all senses\", \"word\": \"redbreast\"}, {\"sense\": \"all senses\", \"word\": \"robin redbreast\"}, {\"sense\": \"the European robin\", \"word\": \"ruddock\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"tsisquoquo\", \"sense\": \"any bird called robin in English\", \"word\": \"ᏥᏍᏉᏉ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhīgēngniǎo\", \"sense\": \"any bird called robin in English\", \"word\": \"知更鳥 /知更鸟\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"any bird called robin in English\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"grive\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"any bird called robin in English\", \"word\": \"pītoitoi\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"any bird called robin in English\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tordo\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"aršalusik\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"արշալուսիկ\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"raitán\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"şəfəq bülbülü\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"txantxangorri\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"malinaŭka\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"малінаўка\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"boc'hruz\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"červenošijka\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"червеношийка\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pit-roig\"}, {\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"tsisquoquo\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"ᏥᏍᏉᏉ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhīgēngniǎo\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"知更鳥 /知更鸟\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"ōuyàqú\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"歐亞鴝 /欧亚鸲\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"rudhek\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"červenka\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"rødhals\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"roodborstje\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"ruĝgorĝulo\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"rubekolo\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"punarind\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bringureyði\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"punarinta\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rouge-gorge\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rouge-gorge familier\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"paporrubio\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"paporroibo\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"pisco\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"paifoco\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"gulc̣itela\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"გულწითელა\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rotkehlchen\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kokkinolaímis\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κοκκινολαίμης\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"eríthakos\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ἐρίθακος\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"adom-hekhazé\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"אֲדֹם-הֶחָזֶה\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"vörösbegy\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"glóbrystingur\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"spideog\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pettirosso\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"Yōroppa komadori\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"ヨーロッパコマドリ\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"sarkanrīklīte\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"liepsnelė\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"pitirross\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rouoge-gorge\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"rødstrupe\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"raudstrupe\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"papach-rós\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"barbarós\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"rigal\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rudduc\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rudzik\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"raszka\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rudzik zwyczajny\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pisco-de-peito-ruivo\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"gușă-roșie\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"măcăleandru\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"Rumantsch-Grischun\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"puppen cotschen\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"Sursilvan\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"puppen tgietschen\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"Sutsilvan\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pupencotschen\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"Surmiran\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"poppen cotschen\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"Puter\", \"Vallander\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"gulacotschen\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zarjánka\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"заря́нка\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"malínovka\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"мали́новка\"}, {\"code\": \"smi\", \"lang\": \"Sami\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"guovssoloddi\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"brù-dhearg\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"crvendać\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"červienka\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"taščica\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sprjosk\"}, {\"code\": \"hsb\", \"lang\": \"Upper Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ročk\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"petirrojo\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"rödhake\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"kızılgerdan\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"oanh\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"oanh châu Âu\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"redablötareitak\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"english\": \"Erithacus\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"reitak\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rodje-goidje\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"loudene\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"robin goch\"}, {\"code\": \"fy\", \"lang\": \"West Frisian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"readboarstke\"}], \"word\": \"robin\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "robin",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "robin/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Rumantsch-Grischun not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Albanian translations\", \"Requests for review of Belarusian translations\", \"Requests for review of French translations\", \"Requests for review of Friulian translations\", \"Requests for review of Icelandic translations\", \"Requests for review of Ladin translations\", \"Requests for review of Low German translations\", \"Requests for review of Macedonian translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Occitan translations\", \"Requests for review of Romani translations\", \"Requests for review of Romanian translations\", \"Requests for review of Sardinian translations\", \"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Requests for review of Slovak translations\", \"Requests for review of Spanish translations\", \"Requests for review of Ukrainian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒbɪn\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒbɪn/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cherokee translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Ladin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Low German translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romani translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sardinian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Upper Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with West Frisian translations\", \"en:Australasian robins\", \"en:Muscicapids\", \"en:Thrushes\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"Australasian robin\"}, {\"word\": \"cock-robin\"}, {\"word\": \"cock-robin shop\"}, {\"word\": \"eastern yellow robin\"}, {\"word\": \"forest robin\"}, {\"word\": \"Japanese robin\"}, {\"word\": \"magpie-robin\"}, {\"word\": \"mangrove robin\"}, {\"word\": \"Natal robin\"}, {\"word\": \"Peking robin\"}, {\"word\": \"Pekin robin\"}, {\"word\": \"ragged robin\"}, {\"word\": \"robin-breast\"}, {\"word\": \"robin-chat\"}, {\"word\": \"robin dipper\"}, {\"word\": \"robin egg blue\"}, {\"word\": \"robin redbreast\"}, {\"word\": \"robin-run-in-the-grass\"}, {\"word\": \"robin-run-in-the-hedge\"}, {\"word\": \"robin-run-the-hedge\"}, {\"word\": \"robin snipe\"}, {\"word\": \"robin snow\"}, {\"word\": \"rose robin\"}, {\"word\": \"round robin\"}, {\"word\": \"round-robin story\"}, {\"word\": \"rufous bush robin\"}, {\"word\": \"rufous scrub robin\"}, {\"word\": \"rufous-tailed scrub robin\"}, {\"word\": \"scrub robin\"}, {\"word\": \"sea robin\"}, {\"word\": \"wake robin\"}, {\"word\": \"wake-robin\"}, {\"word\": \"white-throated robin\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"robynet\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English robynet\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"2\": \"species\"}, \"expansion\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"name\": \"taxfmt\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Turdus migratorius\", \"2\": \"species\"}, \"expansion\": \"Turdus migratorius\", \"name\": \"taxfmt\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Short for robin redbreast. Also from Middle English robynet, robynett (“robin (bird)”), from the Middle English name Robynett, a diminutive of the Middle English name Robyn (“Robin”).\\n]\\n]\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"robins\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"robin (plural robins)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"rob‧in\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (family)\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1922, Michael Arlen, “Ep./4/2”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days:\", \"text\": \"As they turned into Hertford Street they startled a robin from the poet's head on a barren fountain, and he fled away with a cameo note.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any of various passerine birds (about 100 species) of the families Muscicapidae, Turdidae and Petroicidae (formerly Eopsaltriidae), typically with a red breast.\", \"A European robin, Erithacus rubecula.\"], \"links\": [[\"passerine\", \"passerine\"], [\"bird\", \"bird\"], [\"Muscicapidae\", \"Muscicapidae#Translingual\"], [\"Turdidae\", \"Turdidae#Translingual\"], [\"Petroicidae\", \"Petroicidae#Translingual\"], [\"European robin\", \"European robin\"], [\"Erithacus rubecula\", \"Erithacus rubecula#Translingual\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Entries using missing taxonomic name (family)\"], \"glosses\": [\"Any of various passerine birds (about 100 species) of the families Muscicapidae, Turdidae and Petroicidae (formerly Eopsaltriidae), typically with a red breast.\", \"An American robin, Turdus migratorius.\"], \"links\": [[\"passerine\", \"passerine\"], [\"bird\", \"bird\"], [\"Muscicapidae\", \"Muscicapidae#Translingual\"], [\"Turdidae\", \"Turdidae#Translingual\"], [\"Petroicidae\", \"Petroicidae#Translingual\"], [\"American robin\", \"American robin\"], [\"Turdus migratorius\", \"Turdus migratorius#Translingual\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with historical senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"A trimming in front of a dress.\"], \"links\": [[\"trimming\", \"trimming\"], [\"dress\", \"dress\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(historical) A trimming in front of a dress.\"], \"tags\": [\"historical\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹɒ.bɪn/\", \"tags\": [\"UK\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹɑː.bɪn/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-robin.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-robin.ogg/En-us-robin.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-robin.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒbɪn\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"all senses\", \"word\": \"redbreast\"}, {\"sense\": \"all senses\", \"word\": \"robin redbreast\"}, {\"sense\": \"the European robin\", \"word\": \"ruddock\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"tsisquoquo\", \"sense\": \"any bird called robin in English\", \"word\": \"ᏥᏍᏉᏉ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhīgēngniǎo\", \"sense\": \"any bird called robin in English\", \"word\": \"知更鳥 /知更鸟\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"any bird called robin in English\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"grive\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"any bird called robin in English\", \"word\": \"pītoitoi\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"any bird called robin in English\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tordo\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"aršalusik\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"արշալուսիկ\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"raitán\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"şəfəq bülbülü\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"txantxangorri\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"malinaŭka\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"малінаўка\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"boc'hruz\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"červenošijka\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"червеношийка\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pit-roig\"}, {\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"tsisquoquo\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"ᏥᏍᏉᏉ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhīgēngniǎo\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"知更鳥 /知更鸟\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"ōuyàqú\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"歐亞鴝 /欧亚鸲\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"rudhek\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"červenka\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"rødhals\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"roodborstje\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"ruĝgorĝulo\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"rubekolo\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"punarind\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bringureyði\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"punarinta\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rouge-gorge\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rouge-gorge familier\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"paporrubio\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"paporroibo\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"pisco\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"paifoco\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"gulc̣itela\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"გულწითელა\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rotkehlchen\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kokkinolaímis\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κοκκινολαίμης\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"eríthakos\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ἐρίθακος\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"adom-hekhazé\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"אֲדֹם-הֶחָזֶה\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"vörösbegy\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"glóbrystingur\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"spideog\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pettirosso\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"Yōroppa komadori\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"ヨーロッパコマドリ\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"sarkanrīklīte\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"liepsnelė\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"pitirross\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rouoge-gorge\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"rødstrupe\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"raudstrupe\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"papach-rós\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"barbarós\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"rigal\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rudduc\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rudzik\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"raszka\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rudzik zwyczajny\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pisco-de-peito-ruivo\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"gușă-roșie\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"măcăleandru\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"Rumantsch-Grischun\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"puppen cotschen\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"Sursilvan\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"puppen tgietschen\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"Sutsilvan\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pupencotschen\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"Surmiran\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"poppen cotschen\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"Puter\", \"Vallander\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"gulacotschen\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zarjánka\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"заря́нка\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"malínovka\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"мали́новка\"}, {\"code\": \"smi\", \"lang\": \"Sami\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"guovssoloddi\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"brù-dhearg\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"crvendać\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"červienka\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"taščica\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sprjosk\"}, {\"code\": \"hsb\", \"lang\": \"Upper Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ročk\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"petirrojo\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"rödhake\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"kızılgerdan\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"oanh\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"oanh châu Âu\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"redablötareitak\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"english\": \"Erithacus\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"reitak\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rodje-goidje\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"loudene\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"robin goch\"}, {\"code\": \"fy\", \"lang\": \"West Frisian\", \"sense\": \"Erithacus rubecula\", \"word\": \"readboarstke\"}], \"word\": \"robin\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "robin",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.