See restriction on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "field restriction"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "restriction enzyme"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "value restriction"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "width restriction"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "restriccioun"
},
"expansion": "Middle English restriccioun",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "restriction"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman restriction",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "restriction"
},
"expansion": "Middle French restriction",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "restrictiō"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin restrictiō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "restringō"
},
"expansion": "Latin restringō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "restrict",
"3": "ion"
},
"expansion": "restrict + -ion",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English restriccioun, from Anglo-Norman restriction, Middle French restriction, and their source, Late Latin restrictiō, from Latin restringō.\nMorphologically restrict + -ion.",
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{
"form": "restrictions",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "~"
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"expansion": "restriction (countable and uncountable, plural restrictions)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
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"re‧stric‧tion"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "restrict"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "restrain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "restraint"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "constriction"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
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{
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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],
"glosses": [
"The act of restricting, or the state of being restricted."
],
"id": "en-restriction-en-noun-PB3RmdJG",
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"restrict",
"restrict"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "act or state",
"word": "تقييد"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "abmježavannje",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "абмежаванне"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ograničavane",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ограничаване"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restricció"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiànzhì",
"sense": "act or state",
"word": "限制"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "omezení"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "beperking"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "act or state",
"word": "piiramine"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act or state",
"word": "rajoittaminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restriction"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Beschränkung"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Verbot"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "periorismós",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "περιορισμός"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "teorannú"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restrizione"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "act or state",
"word": "制限"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"alt": "制限",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jehan",
"sense": "act or state",
"word": "제한"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "apribojimas"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ograničuvanje",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ограничување"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ograničénije",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ограниче́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act or state",
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"feminine"
],
"word": "restricción"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "uk",
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"roman": "obmežennja",
"sense": "act or state",
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"neuter"
],
"word": "обмеження"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"alt": "限制",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "act or state",
"word": "hạn chế"
}
]
},
{
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"A regulation or limitation that restricts."
],
"id": "en-restriction-en-noun-3E60mjgh",
"links": [
[
"regulation",
"regulation"
],
[
"limitation",
"limitation"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"word": "قيد"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
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"sense": "regulation or limitation",
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"neuter"
],
"word": "абмежаванне"
},
{
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"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ograničenie",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ограничение"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "ca",
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"feminine"
],
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},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "omezení"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"word": "piirang"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"word": "rajoitus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"word": "rajoite"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Beschränkung"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Einschränkung"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restrizione"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "apribojimas"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ograničuvanje",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ограничување"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "restriksjon"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "restriksjon"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restrykcja"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "obostrzenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restricție"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ograničénije",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ограниче́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "avadhāraṇa",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "अवधारण"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restricción"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "restriktion"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "begränsning"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 94 4",
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"roman": "obmežennja",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
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],
"word": "обмеження"
}
]
},
{
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"name": "Biology",
"orig": "en:Biology",
"parents": [
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The mechanism by which a cell degrades foreign DNA material."
],
"id": "en-restriction-en-noun-oI1VneJw",
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology) The mechanism by which a cell degrades foreign DNA material."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "22 16 62",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "degradation of DNA",
"word": "restriction"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 16 62",
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"sense": "degradation of DNA",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restrizione"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 16 62",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "degradation of DNA",
"word": "restrição"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 16 62",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "degradation of DNA",
"word": "restricción"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈstɹɪkʃən/"
},
{
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪkʃən"
}
],
"word": "restriction"
}
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},
"expansion": "Middle French restriction",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French restriction",
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{
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"expansion": "Old French restriction",
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{
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"3": "restrictio",
"4": "restrictiōnem"
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"expansion": "Late Latin restrictiōnem",
"name": "bor"
},
{
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"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "restringō"
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"expansion": "Latin restringō",
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],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French restriction, from Old French restriction, borrowed from Late Latin restrictiōnem, from Latin restringō.",
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{
"form": "restrictions",
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]
}
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],
"glosses": [
"restriction (limitation; constraint)"
],
"id": "en-restriction-fr-noun-~vfK9eJt",
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[
"restriction",
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],
"related": [
{
"word": "restreindre"
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{
"word": "restreint"
}
],
"tags": [
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}
],
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],
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"form": "restriction oblique singular or",
"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "restrictions",
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},
{
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{
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"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
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"word": "field restriction"
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{
"word": "restriction enzyme"
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{
"word": "value restriction"
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{
"word": "width restriction"
}
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{
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[
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[
"state",
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],
"tags": [
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},
{
"glosses": [
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"regulation"
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[
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],
"tags": [
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},
{
"categories": [
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],
"glosses": [
"The mechanism by which a cell degrades foreign DNA material."
],
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[
"biology",
"biology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"tags": [
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"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
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}
],
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{
"code": "be",
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{
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"neuter"
],
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{
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"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restricció"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiànzhì",
"sense": "act or state",
"word": "限制"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "omezení"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "beperking"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "act or state",
"word": "piiramine"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act or state",
"word": "rajoittaminen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restriction"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Beschränkung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Verbot"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "periorismós",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "περιορισμός"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "teorannú"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restrizione"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "act or state",
"word": "制限"
},
{
"alt": "制限",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jehan",
"sense": "act or state",
"word": "제한"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "apribojimas"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ograničuvanje",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ограничување"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
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"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ограниче́ние"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restricción"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
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"sense": "act or state",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "обмеження"
},
{
"alt": "限制",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "act or state",
"word": "hạn chế"
},
{
"code": "ar",
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"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"word": "قيد"
},
{
"code": "be",
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"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "абмежаванне"
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"code": "bg",
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],
"word": "ограничение"
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{
"code": "ca",
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],
"word": "restricció"
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"code": "cs",
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],
"word": "omezení"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"word": "piirang"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"word": "rajoitus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"word": "rajoite"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Beschränkung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Einschränkung"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
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"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restrizione"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
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],
"word": "apribojimas"
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{
"code": "mk",
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"roman": "ograničuvanje",
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"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ограничување"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
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"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "restriksjon"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
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],
"word": "restriksjon"
},
{
"code": "pl",
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"feminine"
],
"word": "restrykcja"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "obostrzenie"
},
{
"code": "ro",
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"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restricție"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ograničénije",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ограниче́ние"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "avadhāraṇa",
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"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "अवधारण"
},
{
"code": "es",
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"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restricción"
},
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"code": "sv",
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],
"word": "restriktion"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "begränsning"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "obmežennja",
"sense": "regulation or limitation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "обмеження"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "degradation of DNA",
"word": "restriction"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "degradation of DNA",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "restrizione"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "degradation of DNA",
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},
{
"code": "es",
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],
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],
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"form": "restriction oblique singular or",
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},
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}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms borrowed from Late Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Late Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"restriction (limitation; constraint)"
],
"links": [
[
"restriction",
"restriction#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rɛstɾikˈt͡sjun/"
}
],
"word": "restriction"
}
Download raw JSONL data for restriction meaning in All languages combined (14.4kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'restriction oblique singular or', originally 'restriction oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"restriction"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "restriction",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'restriction oblique singular or', originally 'restriction oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"restriction"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "restriction",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['feminine', 'canonical']: 'restriction oblique singular or' in 'restriction oblique singular, f (oblique plural restrictions, nominative singular restriction, nominative plural restrictions)'",
"path": [
"restriction"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "restriction",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.