"reluctant" meaning in All languages combined

See reluctant on Wiktionary

Adjective [English]

IPA: /ɹɪˈlʌktənt/ Audio: en-us-reluctant.ogg [US] Forms: more reluctant [comparative], most reluctant [superlative]
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin reluctāns, present participle of reluctor (“to struggle against, oppose, resist”), from re- (“back”) + luctor (“to struggle”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*lewg-}}, {{lbor|en|la|reluctāns}} Learned borrowing from Latin reluctāns, {{m|la|reluctor||to struggle against, oppose, resist}} reluctor (“to struggle against, oppose, resist”), {{m|la|re-||back}} re- (“back”), {{m|la|luctor||to struggle}} luctor (“to struggle”) Head templates: {{en-adj}} reluctant (comparative more reluctant, superlative most reluctant)
  1. Not wanting to take some action; unwilling to do something. Synonyms: disinclined Translations (not wanting to take some action): неахво́тны (njeaxvótny) (Belarusian), неохо́тен (neohóten) (Bulgarian), 不情願 (Chinese Mandarin), 不情愿 (bù qíngyuàn) (Chinese Mandarin), neochotný (Czech), zdráhající se (Czech), aarzelend (Dutch), schoorvoetend (Dutch), haluton (Finnish), vastahakoinen (Finnish), réticent (French), rétif (French), récalcitrant (French), réfractaire (French), zögernd (German), widerwillig (German), widerstrebend (German), kelletlen (Hungarian), vonakodó (Hungarian), enggan (Indonesian), reluctante (Interlingua), aimhleasc (Irish), aimhleisciúil (Irish), deacair (Irish), dochma (Irish), drogallach (Irish), iarmhartach (Irish), leasc (Irish), leisciúil (Irish), mífhonnmhar (Irish), náir (Irish), neamhfhonnmhar (Irish), neamhthoilteanach (Irish), támáilte (Irish), riluttante (Italian), 嫌がる (iyagaru) (alt: いやがる) (Japanese), 嫌な (iya na) (alt: いやな) (Japanese), រអាដៃ (rɔ’aa day) (Khmer), អល់អែក (ɑl-aek) (Khmer), 싫어하다 (sireohada) (Korean), invītus (Latin), neuarryltagh (Manx), neuwooiagh (Manx), whakawhēuaua (Maori), manauhea (Maori), whakakumu (Maori), horokukū (Maori), whakauaua (Maori), korongata (Maori), whakatohetohe (Maori), manawapā (Maori), kōroiroi (Maori), дургүй (durgüj) (Mongolian), motvillig (Norwegian Bokmål), motvillig (Norwegian Nynorsk), motviljug (Norwegian Nynorsk), بیمیل (bi-meyl) (Persian), looj (Plautdietsch), niechętny (Polish), relutante (Portuguese), reticent (Romanian), precaut (Romanian), prevăzător (Romanian), неохо́тный (neoxótnyj) (Russian), нежела́ющий (neželájuščij) (Russian), sweer (Scots), sweirt (Scots), laith (Scots), aindeònach (Scottish Gaelic), leisg (Scottish Gaelic), neochotný (Slovak), renuente (Spanish), reacio (Spanish), reluctante (Spanish), reticente (Spanish), motvillig (Swedish), vrång (Swedish), motsträvig (Swedish), isteksiz (Turkish), gönülsüz (Turkish), hevessiz (Turkish), неохо́чий (neoxóčyj) (Ukrainian), miễn cưỡng (Vietnamese)
    Sense id: en-reluctant-en-adj-Zw2MsA9t Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 41 16 43 Disambiguation of 'not wanting to take some action': 95 4 1
  2. (archaic) Contrary; defiant; refractory. Tags: archaic
    Sense id: en-reluctant-en-adj-hWLSdLc2 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 41 16 43
  3. (regular expressions) Tending to match as little text as possible. Categories (topical): Regular expressions
    Sense id: en-reluctant-en-adj-E~llOQib Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 41 16 43
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: reluctant dragon Related terms: reluctance, reluctantly

Download JSON data for reluctant meaning in All languages combined (15.0kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "reluctant dragon"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*lewg-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "reluctāns"
      },
      "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin reluctāns",
      "name": "lbor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "reluctor",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to struggle against, oppose, resist"
      },
      "expansion": "reluctor (“to struggle against, oppose, resist”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "re-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "back"
      },
      "expansion": "re- (“back”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "luctor",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to struggle"
      },
      "expansion": "luctor (“to struggle”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin reluctāns, present participle of reluctor (“to struggle against, oppose, resist”), from re- (“back”) + luctor (“to struggle”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more reluctant",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most reluctant",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "reluctant (comparative more reluctant, superlative most reluctant)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "reluctance"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "reluctantly"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "41 16 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "She was reluctant to lend him the money",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Surprisingly, our new dog is a reluctant ball-retriever.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2008, Kern Alexander et al., The World Trade Organization and Trade in Services, page 222",
          "text": "They are reluctant to the inclusion of a necessity test, especially of a horizontal nature, and emphasize, instead, the importance of procedural disciplines [...].",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Not wanting to take some action; unwilling to do something."
      ],
      "id": "en-reluctant-en-adj-Zw2MsA9t",
      "links": [
        [
          "wanting",
          "wanting"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ],
        [
          "unwilling",
          "unwilling"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "disinclined"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "njeaxvótny",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "неахво́тны"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "neohóten",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "неохо́тен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "不情願"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "bù qíngyuàn",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "不情愿"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "neochotný"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "zdráhající se"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "aarzelend"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "schoorvoetend"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "haluton"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "vastahakoinen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "réticent"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "rétif"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "récalcitrant"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "réfractaire"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "zögernd"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "widerwillig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "widerstrebend"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "kelletlen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "vonakodó"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "enggan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ia",
          "lang": "Interlingua",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "reluctante"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "aimhleasc"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "aimhleisciúil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "deacair"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "dochma"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "drogallach"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "iarmhartach"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "leasc"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "leisciúil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "mífhonnmhar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "náir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "neamhfhonnmhar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "neamhthoilteanach"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "támáilte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "riluttante"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "alt": "いやがる",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "iyagaru",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "嫌がる"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "alt": "いやな",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "iya na",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "嫌な"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "rɔ’aa day",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "រអាដៃ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "ɑl-aek",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "អល់អែក"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "sireohada",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "싫어하다"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "invītus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "gv",
          "lang": "Manx",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "neuarryltagh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "gv",
          "lang": "Manx",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "neuwooiagh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "whakawhēuaua"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "manauhea"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "whakakumu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "horokukū"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "whakauaua"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "korongata"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "whakatohetohe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "manawapā"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "kōroiroi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "durgüj",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "дургүй"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "motvillig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "motvillig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "motviljug"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "bi-meyl",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "بیمیل"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "pdt",
          "lang": "Plautdietsch",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "looj"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "niechętny"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "relutante"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "reticent"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "precaut"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "prevăzător"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "neoxótnyj",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "неохо́тный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "neželájuščij",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "нежела́ющий"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "sco",
          "lang": "Scots",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "sweer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "sco",
          "lang": "Scots",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "sweirt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "sco",
          "lang": "Scots",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "laith"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "aindeònach"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "leisg"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "neochotný"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "renuente"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "reacio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "reluctante"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "reticente"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "motvillig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "vrång"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "motsträvig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "isteksiz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "gönülsüz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "hevessiz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "neoxóčyj",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "неохо́чий"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 4 1",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
          "word": "miễn cưỡng"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "41 16 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1683 September 9, A Sermon of Thanksgiving for the Happy Delivery of Charles the Second […] Preached […] in Thomas-Town in the County of Kilkenny, published 1683, page 4",
          "text": "Whence we must infer, that the least stir of tumult or rebellion against the Prince is reluctant to all the Ordinances of Heaven, is an abortive product of Hell against the pure dictates of nature […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1782, John Brown, “Address to Students of Divinity”, in A Compendious View of Natural and Revealed Religion, page xiv",
          "text": "If pride be allowed to cause you to envy or wound the characters of such as differ from, or outshine you, or to make you reluctant to Christian reproof from your inferiors, how fearful is your guilt and danger!",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1866 February 15, H. Hjaltelin, “On the Treatment of Virulent and Zymotic Diseases”, in The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, volume 74, number 3, page 59",
          "text": "Many of the inhabitants were reluctant against the measure, and are still so obstinate that they must be compelled to do their duty.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Contrary; defiant; refractory."
      ],
      "id": "en-reluctant-en-adj-hWLSdLc2",
      "links": [
        [
          "Contrary",
          "contrary"
        ],
        [
          "defiant",
          "defiant"
        ],
        [
          "refractory",
          "refractory"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Contrary; defiant; refractory."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "greedy"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Regular expressions",
          "orig": "en:Regular expressions",
          "parents": [
            "Computing",
            "Programming",
            "Technology",
            "Software engineering",
            "All topics",
            "Computer science",
            "Engineering",
            "Software",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Media",
            "Communication"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 16 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Tending to match as little text as possible."
      ],
      "id": "en-reluctant-en-adj-E~llOQib",
      "links": [
        [
          "regular expression",
          "regular expression"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "regular expressions",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(regular expressions) Tending to match as little text as possible."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɹɪˈlʌktənt/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-reluctant.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/En-us-reluctant.ogg/En-us-reluctant.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/En-us-reluctant.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "reluctant"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 3-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English learned borrowings from Latin",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms borrowed from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewg-",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "reluctant dragon"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*lewg-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "reluctāns"
      },
      "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin reluctāns",
      "name": "lbor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "reluctor",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to struggle against, oppose, resist"
      },
      "expansion": "reluctor (“to struggle against, oppose, resist”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "re-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "back"
      },
      "expansion": "re- (“back”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "luctor",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to struggle"
      },
      "expansion": "luctor (“to struggle”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin reluctāns, present participle of reluctor (“to struggle against, oppose, resist”), from re- (“back”) + luctor (“to struggle”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more reluctant",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most reluctant",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "reluctant (comparative more reluctant, superlative most reluctant)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "reluctance"
    },
    {
      "word": "reluctantly"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "She was reluctant to lend him the money",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Surprisingly, our new dog is a reluctant ball-retriever.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2008, Kern Alexander et al., The World Trade Organization and Trade in Services, page 222",
          "text": "They are reluctant to the inclusion of a necessity test, especially of a horizontal nature, and emphasize, instead, the importance of procedural disciplines [...].",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Not wanting to take some action; unwilling to do something."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wanting",
          "wanting"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ],
        [
          "unwilling",
          "unwilling"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "disinclined"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1683 September 9, A Sermon of Thanksgiving for the Happy Delivery of Charles the Second […] Preached […] in Thomas-Town in the County of Kilkenny, published 1683, page 4",
          "text": "Whence we must infer, that the least stir of tumult or rebellion against the Prince is reluctant to all the Ordinances of Heaven, is an abortive product of Hell against the pure dictates of nature […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1782, John Brown, “Address to Students of Divinity”, in A Compendious View of Natural and Revealed Religion, page xiv",
          "text": "If pride be allowed to cause you to envy or wound the characters of such as differ from, or outshine you, or to make you reluctant to Christian reproof from your inferiors, how fearful is your guilt and danger!",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1866 February 15, H. Hjaltelin, “On the Treatment of Virulent and Zymotic Diseases”, in The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, volume 74, number 3, page 59",
          "text": "Many of the inhabitants were reluctant against the measure, and are still so obstinate that they must be compelled to do their duty.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Contrary; defiant; refractory."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Contrary",
          "contrary"
        ],
        [
          "defiant",
          "defiant"
        ],
        [
          "refractory",
          "refractory"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Contrary; defiant; refractory."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "greedy"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "en:Regular expressions"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Tending to match as little text as possible."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "regular expression",
          "regular expression"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "regular expressions",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(regular expressions) Tending to match as little text as possible."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɹɪˈlʌktənt/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-reluctant.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/En-us-reluctant.ogg/En-us-reluctant.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/En-us-reluctant.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "njeaxvótny",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "неахво́тны"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "neohóten",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "неохо́тен"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "不情願"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "bù qíngyuàn",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "不情愿"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "neochotný"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "zdráhající se"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "aarzelend"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "schoorvoetend"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "haluton"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "vastahakoinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "réticent"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "rétif"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "récalcitrant"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "réfractaire"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "zögernd"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "widerwillig"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "widerstrebend"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "kelletlen"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "vonakodó"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "enggan"
    },
    {
      "code": "ia",
      "lang": "Interlingua",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "reluctante"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "aimhleasc"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "aimhleisciúil"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "deacair"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "dochma"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "drogallach"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "iarmhartach"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "leasc"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "leisciúil"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "mífhonnmhar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "náir"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "neamhfhonnmhar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "neamhthoilteanach"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "támáilte"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "riluttante"
    },
    {
      "alt": "いやがる",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "iyagaru",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "嫌がる"
    },
    {
      "alt": "いやな",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "iya na",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "嫌な"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "rɔ’aa day",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "រអាដៃ"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "ɑl-aek",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "អល់អែក"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "sireohada",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "싫어하다"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "invītus"
    },
    {
      "code": "gv",
      "lang": "Manx",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "neuarryltagh"
    },
    {
      "code": "gv",
      "lang": "Manx",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "neuwooiagh"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "whakawhēuaua"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "manauhea"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "whakakumu"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "horokukū"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "whakauaua"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "korongata"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "whakatohetohe"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "manawapā"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "kōroiroi"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "durgüj",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "дургүй"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "motvillig"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "motvillig"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "motviljug"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "bi-meyl",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "بیمیل"
    },
    {
      "code": "pdt",
      "lang": "Plautdietsch",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "looj"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "niechętny"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "relutante"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "reticent"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "precaut"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "prevăzător"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "neoxótnyj",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "неохо́тный"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "neželájuščij",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "нежела́ющий"
    },
    {
      "code": "sco",
      "lang": "Scots",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "sweer"
    },
    {
      "code": "sco",
      "lang": "Scots",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "sweirt"
    },
    {
      "code": "sco",
      "lang": "Scots",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "laith"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "aindeònach"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "leisg"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "neochotný"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "renuente"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "reacio"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "reluctante"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "reticente"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "motvillig"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "vrång"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "motsträvig"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "isteksiz"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "gönülsüz"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "hevessiz"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "neoxóčyj",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "неохо́чий"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "not wanting to take some action",
      "word": "miễn cưỡng"
    }
  ],
  "word": "reluctant"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.