See loath on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for loath meaning in All languages combined (15.1kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "averse",
"sense": "eager, fain (archaic), keen, inclined, raring",
"word": "antonym(s) of"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loathful"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loathly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loathsome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loathsomely"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loathsomeness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loathy"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂leyt-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lōth",
"t": "loath; averse, hateful"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lōth (“loath; averse, hateful”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lāð"
},
"expansion": "Old English lāð",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "lāþ",
"t": "evil; loathsome"
},
"expansion": "lāþ (“evil; loathsome”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "leið"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse leið",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "leiðr",
"t": "uncomfortable; tired"
},
"expansion": "leiðr (“uncomfortable; tired”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*laiþaz",
"t": "loath; hostile; sad, sorry"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laiþaz (“loath; hostile; sad, sorry”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂leyt-",
"t": "to do something abhorrent or hateful"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyt- (“to do something abhorrent or hateful”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "led",
"t": "disgusting, loathsome; nasty"
},
"expansion": "Danish led (“disgusting, loathsome; nasty”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "leed",
"t": "sad; (Belgium) angry"
},
"expansion": "Dutch leed (“sad; (Belgium) angry”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "laid",
"t": "ugly; morally corrupt"
},
"expansion": "French laid (“ugly; morally corrupt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "lleig",
"t": "ugly"
},
"expansion": "Catalan lleig (“ugly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "leiður",
"t": "annoyed, vexed; sad; (archaic or poetic) annoying, wearisome"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic leiður (“annoyed, vexed; sad; (archaic or poetic) annoying, wearisome”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "laido",
"t": "filthy, foul; obscene"
},
"expansion": "Italian laido (“filthy, foul; obscene”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "leed"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian leed",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "leid"
},
"expansion": "Old High German leid",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "leit"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German leit",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "leid",
"t": "uncomfortable"
},
"expansion": "German leid (“uncomfortable”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Leid",
"t": "grief, sorrow, woe; affliction, suffering; harm, injury; wrong"
},
"expansion": "Leid (“grief, sorrow, woe; affliction, suffering; harm, injury; wrong”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "lêð"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon lêð",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "lēth",
"t": "evil person or thing"
},
"expansion": "lēth (“evil person or thing”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "led",
"t": "bored; tired; (archaic) disgusting, loathsome; evil"
},
"expansion": "Swedish led (“bored; tired; (archaic) disgusting, loathsome; evil”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lōth (“loath; averse, hateful”), from Old English lāð, lāþ (“evil; loathsome”), or Old Norse leið, leiðr (“uncomfortable; tired”) from Proto-Germanic *laiþaz (“loath; hostile; sad, sorry”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyt- (“to do something abhorrent or hateful”).\nThe word is cognate with Danish led (“disgusting, loathsome; nasty”), Dutch leed (“sad; (Belgium) angry”), French laid (“ugly; morally corrupt”), Catalan lleig (“ugly”), Icelandic leiður (“annoyed, vexed; sad; (archaic or poetic) annoying, wearisome”), Italian laido (“filthy, foul; obscene”), Old Frisian leed, Old High German leid (Middle High German leit, modern German leid (“uncomfortable”), Leid (“grief, sorrow, woe; affliction, suffering; harm, injury; wrong”)), Old Saxon lêð, lēth (“evil person or thing”), Swedish led (“bored; tired; (archaic) disgusting, loathsome; evil”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "loather",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "loathest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "loath (comparative loather, superlative loathest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loathe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loather"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loathe-worthy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "loathing"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I was loath to return to the office without the Henderson file.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1722, [Eliza] Haywood, Love in Excess: Or, The Fatal Enquiry. A Novel. The Third and Last Part, 4th corrected edition, volume III, London: Printed for W[illiam Rufus] Chetwood, J. Woodman, D. Brown, and S. Chapman, →OCLC, page 199",
"text": "Frankville, whoſe only Fault was raſhneſs, grew almoſt wild at the Recital of ſo unexpected a Misfortune, he knew not for a good while what to believe, loath he was to ſuſpect the Count, but loather to ſuſpect Camilla, yet flew into extremities of Rage againſt both, by turns: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1868, [John Blaikie], “Schools and Schoolmaster, Churches and Parsons, Universities and Professors”, in The Old Times and the New, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, page 58",
"text": "Of all the people in the world our countrymen are the loathest to give away their money without some reasonable quid pro quo; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1875, Arthur Sullivan (music), W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert (lyrics), Trial by Jury. A Novel and Original Dramatic Cantata, London: Walter Smith, […], →OCLC, page 15",
"text": "If I to wed the girl am loth / A breach 'twill surely be",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1905 June 1, A[lberto] Santos-Dumont, “The Pleasures of Ballooning”, in [Henry Chandler Bowen], editor, The Independent, volume LVIII, number 2948, New York, N.Y.: The Independent […], →OCLC, page 1228, column 1",
"text": "When the dawn comes, red and gold and purple one is almost loath to seek the cheery, busy earth again, altho the novelty of landing in who knows what part of Europe affords still another unique pleasure. For many the greatest charm of spherical ballooning lies here.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling."
],
"id": "en-loath-en-adj-VMHAihZ-",
"links": [
[
"Averse",
"averse"
],
[
"disinclined",
"disinclined"
],
[
"reluctant",
"reluctant"
],
[
"unwilling",
"unwilling"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neohoten",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "неохотен"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "aarzelend"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "afkerig"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "weifelend"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "weigerachtig"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "hezitema"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "haluton"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "vastahakoinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "hésitant"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "réticent"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "abgeneigt"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "kelletlen"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "vonakodik"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "átall"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "leisciúil"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "leasc"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "restio"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "riluttante"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "ritroso"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "koto"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "relutante"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "hesitante"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "reticente"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reticent"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ezitant"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neoxotnyj",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "неохотный"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neželajuščij",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "нежелающий"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "laith"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "sweirt"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "leisg"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "poco dispuesto"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "reticente"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 10",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "isteksiz"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Angry, hostile."
],
"id": "en-loath-en-adj-QhunTn5-",
"links": [
[
"Angry",
"angry"
],
[
"hostile",
"hostile#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Angry, hostile."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 1 60 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Loathsome, unpleasant."
],
"id": "en-loath-en-adj-TioZV1ks",
"links": [
[
"Loathsome",
"loathsome"
],
[
"unpleasant",
"unpleasant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Loathsome, unpleasant."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ləʊθ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/loʊθ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊθ"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-loath.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-au-loath.ogg/En-au-loath.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-au-loath.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Britain"
],
"word": "loth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"nonstandard"
],
"word": "loathed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "averse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "disinclined"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "reluctant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "unwilling"
}
],
"word": "loath"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "loaths",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "loathing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "loathed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "loathed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "loath (third-person singular simple present loaths, present participle loathing, simple past and past participle loathed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "loathe"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1736, Andrew Gray, “Sermon VI. Acts xxvi. 18. […]”, in Great and Precious Promises: or, Some Sermons Concerning the Promises, and the Right Application thereof. […], Glasgow: Printed by William Duncan, […], →OCLC, page 115",
"text": "[…] O Hypocrites! ye hope for Enjoyment of Chriſt, but be perſwaded of it, Chriſt ſhall eternally loath you, and ye ſhall eternally loath Chriſt: […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete spelling of loathe"
],
"id": "en-loath-en-verb-WRCq7eb8",
"links": [
[
"loathe",
"loathe#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ləʊθ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/loʊθ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊθ"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-loath.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-au-loath.ogg/En-au-loath.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-au-loath.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "loath"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "averse",
"sense": "eager, fain (archaic), keen, inclined, raring",
"word": "antonym(s) of"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂leyt-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/əʊθ",
"Rhymes:English/əʊθ/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "loathful"
},
{
"word": "loathly"
},
{
"word": "loathsome"
},
{
"word": "loathsomely"
},
{
"word": "loathsomeness"
},
{
"word": "loathy"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂leyt-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lōth",
"t": "loath; averse, hateful"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lōth (“loath; averse, hateful”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lāð"
},
"expansion": "Old English lāð",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "lāþ",
"t": "evil; loathsome"
},
"expansion": "lāþ (“evil; loathsome”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "leið"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse leið",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "leiðr",
"t": "uncomfortable; tired"
},
"expansion": "leiðr (“uncomfortable; tired”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*laiþaz",
"t": "loath; hostile; sad, sorry"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laiþaz (“loath; hostile; sad, sorry”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂leyt-",
"t": "to do something abhorrent or hateful"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyt- (“to do something abhorrent or hateful”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "led",
"t": "disgusting, loathsome; nasty"
},
"expansion": "Danish led (“disgusting, loathsome; nasty”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "leed",
"t": "sad; (Belgium) angry"
},
"expansion": "Dutch leed (“sad; (Belgium) angry”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "laid",
"t": "ugly; morally corrupt"
},
"expansion": "French laid (“ugly; morally corrupt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "lleig",
"t": "ugly"
},
"expansion": "Catalan lleig (“ugly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "leiður",
"t": "annoyed, vexed; sad; (archaic or poetic) annoying, wearisome"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic leiður (“annoyed, vexed; sad; (archaic or poetic) annoying, wearisome”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "laido",
"t": "filthy, foul; obscene"
},
"expansion": "Italian laido (“filthy, foul; obscene”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "leed"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian leed",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "leid"
},
"expansion": "Old High German leid",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "leit"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German leit",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "leid",
"t": "uncomfortable"
},
"expansion": "German leid (“uncomfortable”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Leid",
"t": "grief, sorrow, woe; affliction, suffering; harm, injury; wrong"
},
"expansion": "Leid (“grief, sorrow, woe; affliction, suffering; harm, injury; wrong”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "lêð"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon lêð",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "lēth",
"t": "evil person or thing"
},
"expansion": "lēth (“evil person or thing”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "led",
"t": "bored; tired; (archaic) disgusting, loathsome; evil"
},
"expansion": "Swedish led (“bored; tired; (archaic) disgusting, loathsome; evil”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lōth (“loath; averse, hateful”), from Old English lāð, lāþ (“evil; loathsome”), or Old Norse leið, leiðr (“uncomfortable; tired”) from Proto-Germanic *laiþaz (“loath; hostile; sad, sorry”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyt- (“to do something abhorrent or hateful”).\nThe word is cognate with Danish led (“disgusting, loathsome; nasty”), Dutch leed (“sad; (Belgium) angry”), French laid (“ugly; morally corrupt”), Catalan lleig (“ugly”), Icelandic leiður (“annoyed, vexed; sad; (archaic or poetic) annoying, wearisome”), Italian laido (“filthy, foul; obscene”), Old Frisian leed, Old High German leid (Middle High German leit, modern German leid (“uncomfortable”), Leid (“grief, sorrow, woe; affliction, suffering; harm, injury; wrong”)), Old Saxon lêð, lēth (“evil person or thing”), Swedish led (“bored; tired; (archaic) disgusting, loathsome; evil”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "loather",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "loathest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "loath (comparative loather, superlative loathest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "loathe"
},
{
"word": "loather"
},
{
"word": "loathe-worthy"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "loathing"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I was loath to return to the office without the Henderson file.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1722, [Eliza] Haywood, Love in Excess: Or, The Fatal Enquiry. A Novel. The Third and Last Part, 4th corrected edition, volume III, London: Printed for W[illiam Rufus] Chetwood, J. Woodman, D. Brown, and S. Chapman, →OCLC, page 199",
"text": "Frankville, whoſe only Fault was raſhneſs, grew almoſt wild at the Recital of ſo unexpected a Misfortune, he knew not for a good while what to believe, loath he was to ſuſpect the Count, but loather to ſuſpect Camilla, yet flew into extremities of Rage againſt both, by turns: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1868, [John Blaikie], “Schools and Schoolmaster, Churches and Parsons, Universities and Professors”, in The Old Times and the New, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, page 58",
"text": "Of all the people in the world our countrymen are the loathest to give away their money without some reasonable quid pro quo; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1875, Arthur Sullivan (music), W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert (lyrics), Trial by Jury. A Novel and Original Dramatic Cantata, London: Walter Smith, […], →OCLC, page 15",
"text": "If I to wed the girl am loth / A breach 'twill surely be",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1905 June 1, A[lberto] Santos-Dumont, “The Pleasures of Ballooning”, in [Henry Chandler Bowen], editor, The Independent, volume LVIII, number 2948, New York, N.Y.: The Independent […], →OCLC, page 1228, column 1",
"text": "When the dawn comes, red and gold and purple one is almost loath to seek the cheery, busy earth again, altho the novelty of landing in who knows what part of Europe affords still another unique pleasure. For many the greatest charm of spherical ballooning lies here.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling."
],
"links": [
[
"Averse",
"averse"
],
[
"disinclined",
"disinclined"
],
[
"reluctant",
"reluctant"
],
[
"unwilling",
"unwilling"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Angry, hostile."
],
"links": [
[
"Angry",
"angry"
],
[
"hostile",
"hostile#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Angry, hostile."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Loathsome, unpleasant."
],
"links": [
[
"Loathsome",
"loathsome"
],
[
"unpleasant",
"unpleasant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Loathsome, unpleasant."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ləʊθ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/loʊθ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊθ"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-loath.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-au-loath.ogg/En-au-loath.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-au-loath.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Britain"
],
"word": "loth"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonstandard"
],
"word": "loathed"
},
{
"word": "averse"
},
{
"word": "disinclined"
},
{
"word": "reluctant"
},
{
"word": "unwilling"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neohoten",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "неохотен"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "aarzelend"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "afkerig"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "weifelend"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "weigerachtig"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "hezitema"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "haluton"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "vastahakoinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "hésitant"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "réticent"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "abgeneigt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "kelletlen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "vonakodik"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "átall"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "leisciúil"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "leasc"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "restio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "riluttante"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "ritroso"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "koto"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "relutante"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "hesitante"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "reticente"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reticent"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ezitant"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neoxotnyj",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "неохотный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neželajuščij",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "нежелающий"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "laith"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "sweirt"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "leisg"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "poco dispuesto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "reticente"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "isteksiz"
}
],
"word": "loath"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/əʊθ",
"Rhymes:English/əʊθ/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "loaths",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "loathing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "loathed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "loathed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "loath (third-person singular simple present loaths, present participle loathing, simple past and past participle loathed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "loathe"
}
],
"categories": [
"English obsolete forms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1736, Andrew Gray, “Sermon VI. Acts xxvi. 18. […]”, in Great and Precious Promises: or, Some Sermons Concerning the Promises, and the Right Application thereof. […], Glasgow: Printed by William Duncan, […], →OCLC, page 115",
"text": "[…] O Hypocrites! ye hope for Enjoyment of Chriſt, but be perſwaded of it, Chriſt ſhall eternally loath you, and ye ſhall eternally loath Chriſt: […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete spelling of loathe"
],
"links": [
[
"loathe",
"loathe#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ləʊθ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/loʊθ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊθ"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-loath.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-au-loath.ogg/En-au-loath.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-au-loath.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "loath"
}
{
"called_from": "linkages/371",
"msg": "unrecognized linkage prefix: (averse): averse, disinclined, reluctant, unwilling desc=averse rest=averse, disinclined, reluctant, unwilling cls=romanization cls2=romanization e1=True e2=False",
"path": [
"loath"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "loath",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.