See loath in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "averse",
"sense": "eager, fain (archaic), keen, inclined, raring",
"word": "antonym(s) of"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loathful"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loathly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loathsome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loathsomely"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loathsomeness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loathy"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂leyt-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lōth",
"t": "loath; averse, hateful"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lōth (“loath; averse, hateful”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lāð"
},
"expansion": "Old English lāð",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "leið"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse leið",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*laiþaz",
"t": "loath; hostile; sad, sorry"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laiþaz (“loath; hostile; sad, sorry”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂leyt-",
"t": "to do something abhorrent or hateful"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyt- (“to do something abhorrent or hateful”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "led",
"t": "disgusting, loathsome; nasty"
},
"expansion": "Danish led (“disgusting, loathsome; nasty”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "leed",
"t": "sad; (Belgium) angry"
},
"expansion": "Dutch leed (“sad; (Belgium) angry”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "laid",
"t": "ugly; morally corrupt"
},
"expansion": "French laid (“ugly; morally corrupt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "lleig",
"t": "ugly"
},
"expansion": "Catalan lleig (“ugly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "leiður",
"t": "annoyed, vexed; sad; (archaic or poetic) annoying, wearisome"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic leiður (“annoyed, vexed; sad; (archaic or poetic) annoying, wearisome”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "laido",
"t": "filthy, foul; obscene"
},
"expansion": "Italian laido (“filthy, foul; obscene”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "leed"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian leed",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "leid"
},
"expansion": "Old High German leid",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "leit"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German leit",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "leid",
"t": "uncomfortable"
},
"expansion": "German leid (“uncomfortable”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "lêð"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon lêð",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "led",
"t": "bored; tired; (archaic) disgusting, loathsome; evil"
},
"expansion": "Swedish led (“bored; tired; (archaic) disgusting, loathsome; evil”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lōth (“loath; averse, hateful”), from Old English lāð, lāþ (“evil; loathsome”), or Old Norse leið, leiðr (“uncomfortable; tired”) from Proto-Germanic *laiþaz (“loath; hostile; sad, sorry”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyt- (“to do something abhorrent or hateful”).\nThe word is cognate with Danish led (“disgusting, loathsome; nasty”), Dutch leed (“sad; (Belgium) angry”), French laid (“ugly; morally corrupt”), Catalan lleig (“ugly”), Icelandic leiður (“annoyed, vexed; sad; (archaic or poetic) annoying, wearisome”), Italian laido (“filthy, foul; obscene”), Old Frisian leed, Old High German leid (Middle High German leit, modern German leid (“uncomfortable”), Leid (“grief, sorrow, woe; affliction, suffering; harm, injury; wrong”)), Old Saxon lêð, lēth (“evil person or thing”), Swedish led (“bored; tired; (archaic) disgusting, loathsome; evil”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "loather",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "loathest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "loath (comparative loather, superlative loathest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loathe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loather"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loathe-worthy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "loathing"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "70 16 1 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 5 0 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 6 0 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 23 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 25 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 14 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 24 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 25 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 25 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "64 33 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 25 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 22 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scots translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 25 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 24 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I was loath to return to the office without the Henderson file.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1678, John Bunyan, The Pilgrim’s Progress from This World, to That which is to Come: […], London: […] Nath[aniel] Ponder […], →OCLC, page 166:",
"text": "Then ſaid Faint-heart, Deliver thy Purſe; but he making no haſte to do it (for he was loth to loſe his Money,) Miſtrust ran up to him, and thruſting his hand into his Pocket, pull'd out thence a bag of Silver.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1722, [Eliza] Haywood, Love in Excess: Or, The Fatal Enquiry. A Novel. The Third and Last Part, 4th corrected edition, volume III, London: Printed for W[illiam Rufus] Chetwood, J. Woodman, D. Brown, and S. Chapman, →OCLC, page 199:",
"text": "Frankville, whoſe only Fault was raſhneſs, grew almoſt wild at the Recital of ſo unexpected a Misfortune, he knew not for a good while what to believe, loath he was to ſuſpect the Count, but loather to ſuſpect Camilla, yet flew into extremities of Rage againſt both, by turns: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1822, [Walter Scott], chapter IV, in Peveril of the Peak. […], volume III, Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC, page 82:",
"text": "\"And thereupon I pledge thee,\" said the young nobleman, \"which on any other argument I were loth to do—thinking of Ned as somewhat the cut of a villain.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1868, [John Blaikie], “Schools and Schoolmaster, Churches and Parsons, Universities and Professors”, in The Old Times and the New, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, page 58:",
"text": "Of all the people in the world our countrymen are the loathest to give away their money without some reasonable quid pro quo; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1875, Arthur Sullivan (music), W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert (lyrics), Trial by Jury. A Novel and Original Dramatic Cantata, London: Walter Smith, […], →OCLC, page 15:",
"text": "If I to wed the girl am loth / A breach 'twill surely be—",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1881, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, “Alas, So Long!”, in Ballads and Sonnets, London: Ellis and White, […], →OCLC, stanza 2, pages 297–298, lines 9–13:",
"text": "Ah! dear one, I've been old so long, / It seems that age is loth to part, / Though days and years have never a song, / And, oh! have they still the art / That warmed the pulses of heart to heart?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1905 June 1, A[lberto] Santos-Dumont, “The Pleasures of Ballooning”, in [Henry Chandler Bowen], editor, The Independent, volume LVIII, number 2948, New York, N.Y.: The Independent […], →OCLC, page 1228, column 1:",
"text": "When the dawn comes, red and gold and purple one is almost loath to seek the cheery, busy earth again, altho the novelty of landing in who knows what part of Europe affords still another unique pleasure. For many the greatest charm of spherical ballooning lies here.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1909 December 29, Jack London, “The Whale Tooth”, in South Sea Tales, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, published October 1911, →OCLC, page 61:",
"text": "The frizzle-headed man-eaters were loath to leave their fleshpots so long as the harvest of human carcases was plentiful. Sometimes, when the harvest was too plentiful, they imposed on the missionaries by letting the word slip out that on such a day there would be a killing and a barbecue.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling. Always followed by a verbal phrase."
],
"id": "en-loath-en-adj-Y46UV-c0",
"links": [
[
"Averse",
"averse"
],
[
"disinclined",
"disinclined"
],
[
"reluctant",
"reluctant"
],
[
"unwilling",
"unwilling"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neohoten",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "неохотен"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "aarzelend"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "afkerig"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "weifelend"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "weigerachtig"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "hezitema"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "haluton"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "vastahakoinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "hésitant"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "réticent"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "abgeneigt"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "kelletlen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "vonakodik"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "átall"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "leisciúil"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "leasc"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "restio"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "riluttante"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "ritroso"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "koto"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "relutante"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "hesitante"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "reticente"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reticent"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ezitant"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neoxotnyj",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "неохотный"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neželajuščij",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "нежелающий"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "laith"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "sweirt"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "leisg"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "poco dispuesto"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "reticente"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "isteksiz"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Angry, hostile."
],
"id": "en-loath-en-adj-QhunTn5-",
"links": [
[
"Angry",
"angry"
],
[
"hostile",
"hostile#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Angry, hostile."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Loathsome, unpleasant."
],
"id": "en-loath-en-adj-TioZV1ks",
"links": [
[
"Loathsome",
"loathsome"
],
[
"unpleasant",
"unpleasant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Loathsome, unpleasant."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ləʊθ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/loʊθ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-au-loath.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-au-loath.ogg/En-au-loath.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-au-loath.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊθ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Britain"
],
"word": "loth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"nonstandard"
],
"word": "loathed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "averse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "disinclined"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "reluctant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "unwilling"
}
],
"word": "loath"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "loaths",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "loathing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "loathed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "loathed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "loath (third-person singular simple present loaths, present participle loathing, simple past and past participle loathed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "loathe"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1576, George Whetstone, “The Castle of Delight: […]”, in The Rocke of Regard, […], London: […] [H. Middleton] for Robert Waley, →OCLC; republished in J[ohn] P[ayne] Collier, editor, The Rocke of Regard, […] (Illustrations of Early English Poetry; vol. 2, no. 2), London: Privately printed, [1867?], →OCLC, page 20:",
"text": "To Scriptures read they muſt their leaſure frame, / Then loath they will both luſt and wanton love; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1736, Andrew Gray, “Sermon VI. Acts xxvi. 18. […]”, in Great and Precious Promises: or, Some Sermons Concerning the Promises, and the Right Application thereof. […], Glasgow: Printed by William Duncan, […], →OCLC, page 115:",
"text": "[…] O Hypocrites! ye hope for Enjoyment of Chriſt, but be perſwaded of it, Chriſt ſhall eternally loath you, and ye ſhall eternally loath Chriſt: […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete spelling of loathe."
],
"id": "en-loath-en-verb-mnW6eYQU",
"links": [
[
"loathe",
"loathe#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ləʊθ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/loʊθ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-au-loath.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-au-loath.ogg/En-au-loath.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-au-loath.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊθ"
}
],
"word": "loath"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "averse",
"sense": "eager, fain (archaic), keen, inclined, raring",
"word": "antonym(s) of"
}
],
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂leyt-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊθ",
"Rhymes:English/əʊθ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scots translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "loathful"
},
{
"word": "loathly"
},
{
"word": "loathsome"
},
{
"word": "loathsomely"
},
{
"word": "loathsomeness"
},
{
"word": "loathy"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂leyt-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lōth",
"t": "loath; averse, hateful"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lōth (“loath; averse, hateful”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lāð"
},
"expansion": "Old English lāð",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "leið"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse leið",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*laiþaz",
"t": "loath; hostile; sad, sorry"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laiþaz (“loath; hostile; sad, sorry”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂leyt-",
"t": "to do something abhorrent or hateful"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyt- (“to do something abhorrent or hateful”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "led",
"t": "disgusting, loathsome; nasty"
},
"expansion": "Danish led (“disgusting, loathsome; nasty”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "leed",
"t": "sad; (Belgium) angry"
},
"expansion": "Dutch leed (“sad; (Belgium) angry”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "laid",
"t": "ugly; morally corrupt"
},
"expansion": "French laid (“ugly; morally corrupt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "lleig",
"t": "ugly"
},
"expansion": "Catalan lleig (“ugly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "leiður",
"t": "annoyed, vexed; sad; (archaic or poetic) annoying, wearisome"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic leiður (“annoyed, vexed; sad; (archaic or poetic) annoying, wearisome”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "laido",
"t": "filthy, foul; obscene"
},
"expansion": "Italian laido (“filthy, foul; obscene”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "leed"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian leed",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "leid"
},
"expansion": "Old High German leid",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "leit"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German leit",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "leid",
"t": "uncomfortable"
},
"expansion": "German leid (“uncomfortable”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "lêð"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon lêð",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "led",
"t": "bored; tired; (archaic) disgusting, loathsome; evil"
},
"expansion": "Swedish led (“bored; tired; (archaic) disgusting, loathsome; evil”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lōth (“loath; averse, hateful”), from Old English lāð, lāþ (“evil; loathsome”), or Old Norse leið, leiðr (“uncomfortable; tired”) from Proto-Germanic *laiþaz (“loath; hostile; sad, sorry”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyt- (“to do something abhorrent or hateful”).\nThe word is cognate with Danish led (“disgusting, loathsome; nasty”), Dutch leed (“sad; (Belgium) angry”), French laid (“ugly; morally corrupt”), Catalan lleig (“ugly”), Icelandic leiður (“annoyed, vexed; sad; (archaic or poetic) annoying, wearisome”), Italian laido (“filthy, foul; obscene”), Old Frisian leed, Old High German leid (Middle High German leit, modern German leid (“uncomfortable”), Leid (“grief, sorrow, woe; affliction, suffering; harm, injury; wrong”)), Old Saxon lêð, lēth (“evil person or thing”), Swedish led (“bored; tired; (archaic) disgusting, loathsome; evil”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "loather",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "loathest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "loath (comparative loather, superlative loathest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "loathe"
},
{
"word": "loather"
},
{
"word": "loathe-worthy"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "loathing"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I was loath to return to the office without the Henderson file.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1678, John Bunyan, The Pilgrim’s Progress from This World, to That which is to Come: […], London: […] Nath[aniel] Ponder […], →OCLC, page 166:",
"text": "Then ſaid Faint-heart, Deliver thy Purſe; but he making no haſte to do it (for he was loth to loſe his Money,) Miſtrust ran up to him, and thruſting his hand into his Pocket, pull'd out thence a bag of Silver.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1722, [Eliza] Haywood, Love in Excess: Or, The Fatal Enquiry. A Novel. The Third and Last Part, 4th corrected edition, volume III, London: Printed for W[illiam Rufus] Chetwood, J. Woodman, D. Brown, and S. Chapman, →OCLC, page 199:",
"text": "Frankville, whoſe only Fault was raſhneſs, grew almoſt wild at the Recital of ſo unexpected a Misfortune, he knew not for a good while what to believe, loath he was to ſuſpect the Count, but loather to ſuſpect Camilla, yet flew into extremities of Rage againſt both, by turns: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1822, [Walter Scott], chapter IV, in Peveril of the Peak. […], volume III, Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC, page 82:",
"text": "\"And thereupon I pledge thee,\" said the young nobleman, \"which on any other argument I were loth to do—thinking of Ned as somewhat the cut of a villain.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1868, [John Blaikie], “Schools and Schoolmaster, Churches and Parsons, Universities and Professors”, in The Old Times and the New, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, page 58:",
"text": "Of all the people in the world our countrymen are the loathest to give away their money without some reasonable quid pro quo; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1875, Arthur Sullivan (music), W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert (lyrics), Trial by Jury. A Novel and Original Dramatic Cantata, London: Walter Smith, […], →OCLC, page 15:",
"text": "If I to wed the girl am loth / A breach 'twill surely be—",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1881, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, “Alas, So Long!”, in Ballads and Sonnets, London: Ellis and White, […], →OCLC, stanza 2, pages 297–298, lines 9–13:",
"text": "Ah! dear one, I've been old so long, / It seems that age is loth to part, / Though days and years have never a song, / And, oh! have they still the art / That warmed the pulses of heart to heart?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1905 June 1, A[lberto] Santos-Dumont, “The Pleasures of Ballooning”, in [Henry Chandler Bowen], editor, The Independent, volume LVIII, number 2948, New York, N.Y.: The Independent […], →OCLC, page 1228, column 1:",
"text": "When the dawn comes, red and gold and purple one is almost loath to seek the cheery, busy earth again, altho the novelty of landing in who knows what part of Europe affords still another unique pleasure. For many the greatest charm of spherical ballooning lies here.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1909 December 29, Jack London, “The Whale Tooth”, in South Sea Tales, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, published October 1911, →OCLC, page 61:",
"text": "The frizzle-headed man-eaters were loath to leave their fleshpots so long as the harvest of human carcases was plentiful. Sometimes, when the harvest was too plentiful, they imposed on the missionaries by letting the word slip out that on such a day there would be a killing and a barbecue.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling. Always followed by a verbal phrase."
],
"links": [
[
"Averse",
"averse"
],
[
"disinclined",
"disinclined"
],
[
"reluctant",
"reluctant"
],
[
"unwilling",
"unwilling"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Angry, hostile."
],
"links": [
[
"Angry",
"angry"
],
[
"hostile",
"hostile#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Angry, hostile."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Loathsome, unpleasant."
],
"links": [
[
"Loathsome",
"loathsome"
],
[
"unpleasant",
"unpleasant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Loathsome, unpleasant."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ləʊθ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/loʊθ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-au-loath.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-au-loath.ogg/En-au-loath.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-au-loath.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊθ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Britain"
],
"word": "loth"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonstandard"
],
"word": "loathed"
},
{
"word": "averse"
},
{
"word": "disinclined"
},
{
"word": "reluctant"
},
{
"word": "unwilling"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neohoten",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "неохотен"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "aarzelend"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "afkerig"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "weifelend"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "weigerachtig"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "hezitema"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "haluton"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "vastahakoinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "hésitant"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "réticent"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "abgeneigt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "kelletlen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "vonakodik"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "átall"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "leisciúil"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "leasc"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "restio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "riluttante"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "ritroso"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "koto"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "relutante"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "hesitante"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "reticente"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reticent"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ezitant"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neoxotnyj",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "неохотный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neželajuščij",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "нежелающий"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "laith"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "sweirt"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "leisg"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "poco dispuesto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "reticente"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "averse, disinclined; reluctant, unwilling — see also averse, reluctant",
"word": "isteksiz"
}
],
"word": "loath"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊθ",
"Rhymes:English/əʊθ/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "loaths",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "loathing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "loathed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "loathed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "loath (third-person singular simple present loaths, present participle loathing, simple past and past participle loathed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "loathe"
}
],
"categories": [
"English obsolete forms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1576, George Whetstone, “The Castle of Delight: […]”, in The Rocke of Regard, […], London: […] [H. Middleton] for Robert Waley, →OCLC; republished in J[ohn] P[ayne] Collier, editor, The Rocke of Regard, […] (Illustrations of Early English Poetry; vol. 2, no. 2), London: Privately printed, [1867?], →OCLC, page 20:",
"text": "To Scriptures read they muſt their leaſure frame, / Then loath they will both luſt and wanton love; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1736, Andrew Gray, “Sermon VI. Acts xxvi. 18. […]”, in Great and Precious Promises: or, Some Sermons Concerning the Promises, and the Right Application thereof. […], Glasgow: Printed by William Duncan, […], →OCLC, page 115:",
"text": "[…] O Hypocrites! ye hope for Enjoyment of Chriſt, but be perſwaded of it, Chriſt ſhall eternally loath you, and ye ſhall eternally loath Chriſt: […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete spelling of loathe."
],
"links": [
[
"loathe",
"loathe#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ləʊθ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/loʊθ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-au-loath.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-au-loath.ogg/En-au-loath.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-au-loath.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊθ"
}
],
"word": "loath"
}
Download raw JSONL data for loath meaning in English (17.0kB)
{
"called_from": "linkages/371",
"msg": "unrecognized linkage prefix: (averse): averse, disinclined, reluctant, unwilling desc=averse rest=averse, disinclined, reluctant, unwilling cls=romanization cls2=romanization e1=True e2=False",
"path": [
"loath"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "loath",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.