See przyczyna on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zła przyczyna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "śmierć kromie przyczyny"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "przyczyna"
},
"expansion": "Polish: przyczyna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: przyczyna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "prziczyna"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: prziczyna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: prziczyna"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pričina",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pričina",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pričina"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pričina",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+deverbal",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "przyczynić"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from przyczynić",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th cenetury"
},
"expansion": "the 15th cenetury",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th cenetury"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 15th cenetury",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pričina. By surface analysis, deverbal from przyczynić. First attested in the 15th cenetury.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "przyczyna f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "przyczynek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "przyczynienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "przyczyńca"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "czynić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przyczynić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przyczyniać"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [End of the 15th century], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume III, page 179:",
"text": "Yzem do cziebie malo pisal, nyemocz przicziną tego bila quominus ad te scripserim, morbus fuit in causa",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 91r:",
"text": "Occasio id est mala vel iniusta causa eyn vrsach oder gluck przyczyną",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reason, cause, motive; favorable conditions"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-zlw-opl-noun-AlnpnU~p",
"links": [
[
"reason",
"reason"
],
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"motive",
"motive"
],
[
"favorable",
"favorable"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) reason, cause, motive; favorable conditions"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [Middle of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 154:",
"text": "Przyczyna sprawyayacza causa efficiens",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 25r:",
"text": "Causa efficiens ein wirckende sach przyczyną",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reason, cause, motive; favorable conditions",
"one of the four ontological causes in Aristotle's understanding"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-zlw-opl-noun-d3u1MG~2",
"links": [
[
"reason",
"reason"
],
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"motive",
"motive"
],
[
"favorable",
"favorable"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
],
[
"philosophy",
"philosophy"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) reason, cause, motive; favorable conditions",
"(attested in Greater Poland, philosophy) one of the four ontological causes in Aristotle's understanding"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1887 [Fifteenth century], Wacław Ubogi z Brodni, edited by Lucjan Malinowski, Modlitwy Wacława. Zabytek języka polskiego z wieku XV odkryty i skopjowany przez Aleksandra Przezdzieckiego wydał i objaśnił Lucyjan Malinowski, Krakow, Brodnia, page 77a:",
"text": "Przesz Anny szwyathey y panny Mariey przyczyna day nam, myly panye, grzechom odpvsczenye",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"intercession, advocacy"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-zlw-opl-noun-YgA3vBD6",
"links": [
[
"intercession",
"intercession"
],
[
"advocacy",
"advocacy"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Sieradz-Łęczyca) intercession, advocacy"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1950 [1471], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 3047, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jako... Malgorzatha nye str[z]aczila dzedzacza (pro dzeczącza) w moyem domv sz moya przicziną",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cooperation, help"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-zlw-opl-noun-VLu9Tbvw",
"links": [
[
"cooperation",
"cooperation"
],
[
"help",
"help"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia) cooperation, help"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1950 [1464], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 1239, Warsaw:",
"text": "Ysze Andrzey nye gesth przyczina ku smyerczy Pyothrowey",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"causer, perpetrator; reason"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-zlw-opl-noun-tfbykYst",
"links": [
[
"causer",
"causer"
],
[
"perpetrator",
"perpetrator"
],
[
"reason",
"reason"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia) causer, perpetrator; reason"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 37, 24:",
"text": "Szwyeczydlnyk se wszøø swoyø przyczynøø (cum omnibus vasis suis) waszyl gest grzywnøø zlota",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"addition, supplement (part of a larger whole)"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-zlw-opl-noun-K8-GtYZ7",
"links": [
[
"addition",
"addition"
],
[
"supplement",
"supplement"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895 [1452], Archiwum Komisji Prawniczej. Collectanea ex Archivo Collegii Iuridici, volume II, page 542:",
"text": "Prohibemus omnino, quod filie in hereditatibus, quod vlg. przyczyna dicitur, non succedant",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"addition, supplement (part of a larger whole)",
"annex (piece of added land)"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-zlw-opl-noun-tHBquHcS",
"links": [
[
"addition",
"addition"
],
[
"supplement",
"supplement"
],
[
"annex",
"annex"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I, Lesser Poland, page 20:",
"text": "Aczlyby zastawa nye stala za thy pyenyądze, w ktorych by byla zastawyona, a powod... nye vczynyl szadney wymowy, ... tedy ma ymyecz dosycz na tey zastawie, ale acz sobie wymowy ktorą przyczyną (sed si condicionem creditor apposuerit)..., tedy gemv sądzą przysądzy pyenyadzi dopelnycz",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stipulation, condition"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-zlw-opl-noun-oVwY33Om",
"links": [
[
"stipulation",
"stipulation"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) stipulation, condition"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1892 [1484], Hieronim Łopaciński, editor, Reguła trzeciego zakonu św. Franciszka i drobniejsze zabytki języka polskiego z końca w. XV i początku XVI, Krakow, page 708:",
"text": "A zadnym ynakym obyczayem nye ma byczy thaki przyąth, vyąwschy nyzlyby syą ynako... mynisthrom... zvydzyalo podlug przyczyny persony (conditione personae)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"condition, place, status"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-zlw-opl-noun-VrzmOKdq",
"links": [
[
"condition",
"condition"
],
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"status",
"status"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) condition, place, status"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [End of the 15th century], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume I, page 204:",
"text": "Igitur, tegodla, habuerit hos mores parvulorum, de quibus jam dictum est, vel has proprietates przyczyny dzedzynne",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"property (attribute or abstract quality associated with an object, individual or concept)"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-zlw-opl-noun-zc-D1QaA",
"links": [
[
"property",
"property"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [c. 1420], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIV, page 86:",
"text": "Humilitas est origo omnium virtutum, mors viciorum, instumentum iusticie prziczina szprawedliwoszczy",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"instrument, means"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-zlw-opl-noun-gZ1prD80",
"links": [
[
"instrument",
"instrument"
],
[
"means",
"means"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 1 1 5 3 4 2 2 2 2 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish deverbals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 6 2 2 6 4 4 3 2 3 3 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 1 3 2 3 1 1 1 1 12 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 2 0 2 1 2 2 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 0 0 4 2 3 1 1 1 1 13 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 2 0 1 1 1 1 4 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 67:",
"text": "Kv przyczinye in obscuro (prope viam domus illius graditur in obscuro, ... in noctis tenebris et caligine Prov 7, 9)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"possibly a mistranslation of Old Czech přitmí or a corruption of Old Polish przyćmie"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-zlw-opl-noun-6tkNKhs-",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pr̝iːt͡ʃʲɨna/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/pr̝it͡ʃʲɨna/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "przyczyna"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "przyczyna",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish przyczyna",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "przyczyna"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish przyczyna",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+deverbal",
"2": "pl",
"3": "przyczynić"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from przyczynić",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish przyczyna. By surface analysis, deverbal from przyczynić.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "przyczynowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczyna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczyny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczyny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczyn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczynie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczynom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczynę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczyny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczyną",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczynami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczynie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczynach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczyno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczyny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"adj": "przyczynowy"
},
"expansion": "przyczyna f (related adjective przyczynowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"przy‧czy‧na"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bezprzyczynowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bezprzyczynowość"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 2 3 3 4 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 8 8 8 10 8 3 0 5 5 7 4 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 3 4 3 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 2 4 3 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"condition (requirement for something to happen, especially of physical nature; that from which something arises)"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-pl-noun-Z6aXcjiM",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"(Middle Polish) condition (requirement for something to happen, especially of physical nature; that from which something arises)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "warunek"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 2 3 3 4 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 8 8 8 10 8 3 0 5 5 7 4 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 3 4 3 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 2 4 3 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"impulse, incentive, motivator (that which causes one to act)"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-pl-noun-YkJ66COv",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"impulse",
"impulse"
],
[
"incentive",
"incentive"
],
[
"motivator",
"motivator"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"(Middle Polish) impulse, incentive, motivator (that which causes one to act)"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 2 3 3 4 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 8 8 8 10 8 3 0 5 5 7 4 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 3 4 3 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 2 4 3 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"excuse, pretext (reason for an enemy to attack someone; especially an unreal one)"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-pl-noun-ko8pRX-y",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"excuse",
"excuse"
],
[
"pretext",
"pretext"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"(Middle Polish) excuse, pretext (reason for an enemy to attack someone; especially an unreal one)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pretekst"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 2 3 3 4 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 8 8 8 10 8 3 0 5 5 7 4 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 3 4 3 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 2 4 3 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"blame, guilt (basis of accusation)"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-pl-noun-81bTmgAE",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"blame",
"blame"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"(Middle Polish) blame, guilt (basis of accusation)"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 2 3 3 4 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 8 8 8 10 8 3 0 5 5 7 4 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 3 4 3 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 2 4 3 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"argument, justification"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-pl-noun-qnDLql7V",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"argument",
"argument"
],
[
"justification",
"justification"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"(Middle Polish) argument, justification"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "argument"
},
{
"word": "uzasadnienie"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 2 3 3 4 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 8 8 8 10 8 3 0 5 5 7 4 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 3 4 3 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 2 4 3 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"opportunity (that which makes something easier or possible)"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-pl-noun-ePKK1eEr",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"opportunity",
"opportunity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"(Middle Polish) opportunity (that which makes something easier or possible)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "możliwość"
},
{
"word": "okazja"
},
{
"word": "sposobność"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 11 9 3 0 4 2 3 2 4 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish deverbals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 2 3 3 4 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 8 8 8 10 8 3 0 5 5 7 4 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 3 4 3 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 2 4 3 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 3 3 3 26 17 0 0 8 0 22 0 2 2 7",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "People",
"orig": "pl:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"causer (one who causes)",
"author, instigator, originator, progenitor"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-pl-noun-XjAFFEGx",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"causer",
"causer"
],
[
"author",
"author"
],
[
"instigator",
"instigator"
],
[
"originator",
"originator"
],
[
"progenitor",
"progenitor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"(Middle Polish) causer (one who causes)",
"(Middle Polish) author, instigator, originator, progenitor"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sprawca"
},
{
"word": "autor"
},
{
"word": "pomysłodawca"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 2 3 3 4 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 8 8 8 10 8 3 0 5 5 7 4 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 3 4 3 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 3 0 4 2 4 3 3 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 3 3 3 26 17 0 0 8 0 22 0 2 2 7",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "People",
"orig": "pl:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"causer (one who causes)",
"executor, performer, agent, doer, causer"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-pl-noun-J73gi0BH",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"causer",
"causer"
],
[
"executor",
"executor"
],
[
"performer",
"performer"
],
[
"agent",
"agent"
],
[
"doer",
"doer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"(Middle Polish) causer (one who causes)",
"(Middle Polish) executor, performer, agent, doer, causer"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sprawca"
},
{
"word": "wykonawca"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonyms: motyw, pobudka, powód, racja, tytuł, wzgląd, źródło"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-pl-noun-R4gICFuV",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"intercession, advocacy"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-pl-noun-YgA3vBD6",
"links": [
[
"intercession",
"intercession"
],
[
"advocacy",
"advocacy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) intercession, advocacy"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "orędownictwo"
},
{
"word": "wstawiennictwo"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"cause for feud or altercation"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-pl-noun-81WVfCRb",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"feud",
"feud"
],
[
"altercation",
"altercation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) cause for feud or altercation"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"aid; means; participation"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-pl-noun-Sl94C-o8",
"links": [
[
"aid",
"aid"
],
[
"means",
"means"
],
[
"participation",
"participation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) aid; means; participation"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Occult",
"orig": "pl:Occult",
"parents": [
"Forteana",
"Supernatural",
"Pseudoscience",
"Folklore",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 3 3 3 26 17 0 0 8 0 22 0 2 2 7",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "People",
"orig": "pl:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spells"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-pl-noun-oP0ZPtlF",
"links": [
[
"occult",
"occult"
],
[
"spell",
"spell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, occult) spells"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "czar"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"occult",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"adventure"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-pl-noun-RzYLjF9Y",
"links": [
[
"adventure",
"adventure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) adventure"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przygoda"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"way (method or manner of doing something)"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-pl-noun-8d~xRnXK",
"links": [
[
"way",
"way"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) way (method or manner of doing something)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sposób"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"addition (that which was added)"
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-pl-noun-E-ag-FcJ",
"links": [
[
"addition",
"addition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) addition (that which was added)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dodatek"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon, page 353a:",
"text": "Res, Rzecz/ Wſzeláká Spráwá/ przicziná/ potrzebá/ máyetność/ mienie/ bogáctwo.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"id": "en-przyczyna-pl-noun-xvbE2kAR",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʂɘˈt͡ʂɘ.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʂɨˈt͡ʂɨ.na/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɨˈt͡ʂɨ.na/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘna"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "przyczyna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish deverbals",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish feminine nouns",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"pl:People",
"zlw-opl:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "zła przyczyna"
},
{
"word": "śmierć kromie przyczyny"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "przyczyna"
},
"expansion": "Polish: przyczyna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: przyczyna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "prziczyna"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: prziczyna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: prziczyna"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pričina",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pričina",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pričina"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pričina",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+deverbal",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "przyczynić"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from przyczynić",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th cenetury"
},
"expansion": "the 15th cenetury",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th cenetury"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 15th cenetury",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pričina. By surface analysis, deverbal from przyczynić. First attested in the 15th cenetury.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "przyczyna f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "przyczynek"
},
{
"word": "przyczynienie"
},
{
"word": "przyczyńca"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "czynić"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przyczynić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przyczyniać"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [End of the 15th century], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume III, page 179:",
"text": "Yzem do cziebie malo pisal, nyemocz przicziną tego bila quominus ad te scripserim, morbus fuit in causa",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 91r:",
"text": "Occasio id est mala vel iniusta causa eyn vrsach oder gluck przyczyną",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reason, cause, motive; favorable conditions"
],
"links": [
[
"reason",
"reason"
],
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"motive",
"motive"
],
[
"favorable",
"favorable"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) reason, cause, motive; favorable conditions"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"zlw-opl:Philosophy"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [Middle of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 154:",
"text": "Przyczyna sprawyayacza causa efficiens",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 25r:",
"text": "Causa efficiens ein wirckende sach przyczyną",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reason, cause, motive; favorable conditions",
"one of the four ontological causes in Aristotle's understanding"
],
"links": [
[
"reason",
"reason"
],
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"motive",
"motive"
],
[
"favorable",
"favorable"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
],
[
"philosophy",
"philosophy"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) reason, cause, motive; favorable conditions",
"(attested in Greater Poland, philosophy) one of the four ontological causes in Aristotle's understanding"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1887 [Fifteenth century], Wacław Ubogi z Brodni, edited by Lucjan Malinowski, Modlitwy Wacława. Zabytek języka polskiego z wieku XV odkryty i skopjowany przez Aleksandra Przezdzieckiego wydał i objaśnił Lucyjan Malinowski, Krakow, Brodnia, page 77a:",
"text": "Przesz Anny szwyathey y panny Mariey przyczyna day nam, myly panye, grzechom odpvsczenye",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"intercession, advocacy"
],
"links": [
[
"intercession",
"intercession"
],
[
"advocacy",
"advocacy"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Sieradz-Łęczyca) intercession, advocacy"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1950 [1471], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 3047, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jako... Malgorzatha nye str[z]aczila dzedzacza (pro dzeczącza) w moyem domv sz moya przicziną",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cooperation, help"
],
"links": [
[
"cooperation",
"cooperation"
],
[
"help",
"help"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia) cooperation, help"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1950 [1464], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 1239, Warsaw:",
"text": "Ysze Andrzey nye gesth przyczina ku smyerczy Pyothrowey",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"causer, perpetrator; reason"
],
"links": [
[
"causer",
"causer"
],
[
"perpetrator",
"perpetrator"
],
[
"reason",
"reason"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia) causer, perpetrator; reason"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 37, 24:",
"text": "Szwyeczydlnyk se wszøø swoyø przyczynøø (cum omnibus vasis suis) waszyl gest grzywnøø zlota",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"addition, supplement (part of a larger whole)"
],
"links": [
[
"addition",
"addition"
],
[
"supplement",
"supplement"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895 [1452], Archiwum Komisji Prawniczej. Collectanea ex Archivo Collegii Iuridici, volume II, page 542:",
"text": "Prohibemus omnino, quod filie in hereditatibus, quod vlg. przyczyna dicitur, non succedant",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"addition, supplement (part of a larger whole)",
"annex (piece of added land)"
],
"links": [
[
"addition",
"addition"
],
[
"supplement",
"supplement"
],
[
"annex",
"annex"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I, Lesser Poland, page 20:",
"text": "Aczlyby zastawa nye stala za thy pyenyądze, w ktorych by byla zastawyona, a powod... nye vczynyl szadney wymowy, ... tedy ma ymyecz dosycz na tey zastawie, ale acz sobie wymowy ktorą przyczyną (sed si condicionem creditor apposuerit)..., tedy gemv sądzą przysądzy pyenyadzi dopelnycz",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stipulation, condition"
],
"links": [
[
"stipulation",
"stipulation"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) stipulation, condition"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1892 [1484], Hieronim Łopaciński, editor, Reguła trzeciego zakonu św. Franciszka i drobniejsze zabytki języka polskiego z końca w. XV i początku XVI, Krakow, page 708:",
"text": "A zadnym ynakym obyczayem nye ma byczy thaki przyąth, vyąwschy nyzlyby syą ynako... mynisthrom... zvydzyalo podlug przyczyny persony (conditione personae)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"condition, place, status"
],
"links": [
[
"condition",
"condition"
],
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"status",
"status"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) condition, place, status"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [End of the 15th century], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume I, page 204:",
"text": "Igitur, tegodla, habuerit hos mores parvulorum, de quibus jam dictum est, vel has proprietates przyczyny dzedzynne",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"property (attribute or abstract quality associated with an object, individual or concept)"
],
"links": [
[
"property",
"property"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [c. 1420], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIV, page 86:",
"text": "Humilitas est origo omnium virtutum, mors viciorum, instumentum iusticie prziczina szprawedliwoszczy",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"instrument, means"
],
"links": [
[
"instrument",
"instrument"
],
[
"means",
"means"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 67:",
"text": "Kv przyczinye in obscuro (prope viam domus illius graditur in obscuro, ... in noctis tenebris et caligine Prov 7, 9)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"possibly a mistranslation of Old Czech přitmí or a corruption of Old Polish przyćmie"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pr̝iːt͡ʃʲɨna/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/pr̝it͡ʃʲɨna/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "przyczyna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish deverbals",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘna",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘna/3 syllables",
"pl:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "przyczyna",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish przyczyna",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "przyczyna"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish przyczyna",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+deverbal",
"2": "pl",
"3": "przyczynić"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from przyczynić",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish przyczyna. By surface analysis, deverbal from przyczynić.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "przyczynowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczyna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczyny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczyny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczyn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczynie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczynom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczynę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczyny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczyną",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczynami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczynie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczynach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczyno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "przyczyny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"adj": "przyczynowy"
},
"expansion": "przyczyna f (related adjective przyczynowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"przy‧czy‧na"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "bezprzyczynowy"
},
{
"word": "bezprzyczynowość"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"condition (requirement for something to happen, especially of physical nature; that from which something arises)"
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"(Middle Polish) condition (requirement for something to happen, especially of physical nature; that from which something arises)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "warunek"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"impulse, incentive, motivator (that which causes one to act)"
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"impulse",
"impulse"
],
[
"incentive",
"incentive"
],
[
"motivator",
"motivator"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"(Middle Polish) impulse, incentive, motivator (that which causes one to act)"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"excuse, pretext (reason for an enemy to attack someone; especially an unreal one)"
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"excuse",
"excuse"
],
[
"pretext",
"pretext"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"(Middle Polish) excuse, pretext (reason for an enemy to attack someone; especially an unreal one)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pretekst"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"blame, guilt (basis of accusation)"
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"blame",
"blame"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"(Middle Polish) blame, guilt (basis of accusation)"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"argument, justification"
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"argument",
"argument"
],
[
"justification",
"justification"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"(Middle Polish) argument, justification"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "argument"
},
{
"word": "uzasadnienie"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"opportunity (that which makes something easier or possible)"
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"opportunity",
"opportunity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"(Middle Polish) opportunity (that which makes something easier or possible)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "możliwość"
},
{
"word": "okazja"
},
{
"word": "sposobność"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"causer (one who causes)",
"author, instigator, originator, progenitor"
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"causer",
"causer"
],
[
"author",
"author"
],
[
"instigator",
"instigator"
],
[
"originator",
"originator"
],
[
"progenitor",
"progenitor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"(Middle Polish) causer (one who causes)",
"(Middle Polish) author, instigator, originator, progenitor"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sprawca"
},
{
"word": "autor"
},
{
"word": "pomysłodawca"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"causer (one who causes)",
"executor, performer, agent, doer, causer"
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"causer",
"causer"
],
[
"executor",
"executor"
],
[
"performer",
"performer"
],
[
"agent",
"agent"
],
[
"doer",
"doer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)",
"(Middle Polish) causer (one who causes)",
"(Middle Polish) executor, performer, agent, doer, causer"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sprawca"
},
{
"word": "wykonawca"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonyms: motyw, pobudka, powód, racja, tytuł, wzgląd, źródło"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause (source of, or reason for, an event or action; that which produces or effects a result)"
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"intercession, advocacy"
],
"links": [
[
"intercession",
"intercession"
],
[
"advocacy",
"advocacy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) intercession, advocacy"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "orędownictwo"
},
{
"word": "wstawiennictwo"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"cause for feud or altercation"
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"feud",
"feud"
],
[
"altercation",
"altercation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) cause for feud or altercation"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"aid; means; participation"
],
"links": [
[
"aid",
"aid"
],
[
"means",
"means"
],
[
"participation",
"participation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) aid; means; participation"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"pl:Occult"
],
"glosses": [
"spells"
],
"links": [
[
"occult",
"occult"
],
[
"spell",
"spell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, occult) spells"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "czar"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"occult",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"adventure"
],
"links": [
[
"adventure",
"adventure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) adventure"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przygoda"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"way (method or manner of doing something)"
],
"links": [
[
"way",
"way"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) way (method or manner of doing something)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sposób"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"addition (that which was added)"
],
"links": [
[
"addition",
"addition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) addition (that which was added)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dodatek"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Polish terms with quotations",
"Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon, page 353a:",
"text": "Res, Rzecz/ Wſzeláká Spráwá/ przicziná/ potrzebá/ máyetność/ mienie/ bogáctwo.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʂɘˈt͡ʂɘ.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʂɨˈt͡ʂɨ.na/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɨˈt͡ʂɨ.na/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘna"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "przyczyna"
}
Download raw JSONL data for przyczyna meaning in All languages combined (21.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Lesser Poland, Sieradz-Łęczyca",
"path": [
"przyczyna"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "przyczyna",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Lesser Poland, Sieradz-Łęczyca",
"path": [
"przyczyna"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "przyczyna",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''cause (source of, or reason fo'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"przyczyna"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "przyczyna",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.