See pró on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "para o"
},
"expansion": "Contraction of para o",
"name": "contraction"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Contraction of para o.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "prá",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "prós",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "prás",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "contraction",
"3": "feminine",
"4": "prá",
"5": "masculine plural",
"6": "prós",
"7": "feminine plural",
"8": "prás",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "pró m (feminine prá, masculine plural prós, feminine plural prás)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "contraction",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "39 10 31 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to the; for the"
],
"id": "en-pró-gl-contraction-HTGuaqgV",
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"the",
"the"
],
[
"for",
"for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) to the; for the"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "pelo"
}
],
"tags": [
"contraction",
"informal",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la",
"3": "prō"
},
"expansion": "Latin prō",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin prō. Compare with inherited por.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "pró",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pró"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 10 31 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 15 36 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 45 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pro; in favour of"
],
"id": "en-pró-pt-prep-NECTgvjE",
"links": [
[
"pro",
"pro"
],
[
"in favour of",
"in favour of"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la",
"3": "prō"
},
"expansion": "Latin prō",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin prō. Compare with inherited por.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "prós",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "pró m (plural prós)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pró"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pro (an advantageous aspect of something)"
],
"id": "en-pró-pt-noun-sFGqqtU8",
"links": [
[
"pro",
"pro"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "pró",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pró"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "pro"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "European Portuguese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "39 10 31 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 33 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Misspelling of pro."
],
"id": "en-pró-pt-prep-4S1MeTGT",
"links": [
[
"pro",
"pro#Portuguese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Portugal) Misspelling of pro."
],
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"alt-of",
"misspelling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": "*prṓ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *prṓ\nHittite: 𒉺𒊏𒀀 (pa-ra-a /prā/)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian: *prṓ\nHittite: 𒉺𒊏𒀀 (pa-ra-a /prā/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*pra"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pra"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "pra",
"3": "pro"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: pra, pro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: pra, pro"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *pro",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *pro (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*ɸro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *ɸro",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *ɸro (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*pró"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *pró",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *pró"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πρό"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: πρό (pró)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: πρό (pró) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*prá"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *prá",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *prá"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*prá"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *prá",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *prá"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्र",
"tr": "prá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: प्र (prá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: प्र (prá)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*frá"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *frá",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *frá"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae"
},
"expansion": "Avestan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-old",
"2": "𐬟𐬭𐬀",
"3": "𐬟𐬭𐬁"
},
"expansion": "Old Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀 (fra), 𐬟𐬭𐬁 (frā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀 (fra), 𐬟𐬭𐬁 (frā)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-yng",
"2": "𐬟𐬭𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Younger Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀 (fra)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀 (fra)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎳𐎼",
"ts": "fra"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎳𐎼 (f-r /fra/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎳𐎼 (f-r /fra/)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*per->before",
"id": "toward"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*per-",
"3": "*-o",
"pos2": "allative suffix",
"t1": "before"
},
"expansion": "*per- (“before”) + *-o (allative suffix)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *per- (“before”) + *-o (allative suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "adverb",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*pró",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pró",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *per- (before)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-o",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"prefix"
],
"word": "pro-"
},
{
"word": "pró-ti"
},
{
"word": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"word": "frawjô"
},
{
"word": "frawjǭ"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "frawjaz"
},
{
"alt": "if not from *pro-; with *H adopted from nouns with initial laryngeal",
"sense": ">? Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic"
],
"word": "pra-"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic; Proto-West Germanic",
"word": "frō"
},
{
"alt": "with locative -ι (-i)",
"roman": "prōḯ",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"word": "⇒ Ancient Greek: πρωΐ"
},
{
"english": "leader",
"roman": "prómos",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόμος"
},
{
"roman": "próka",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόκα"
},
{
"roman": "própro",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόπρο"
},
{
"roman": "próteros",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρότερος"
},
{
"roman": "prósō",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόσω"
},
{
"roman": "próssō",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόσσω"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"roman": "pr",
"sense": "*pró-o > *prṓ (with double suffix) or *pro-h₁ (with instrumental suffix)",
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "Proto-Italic: *prōLatin: prōOscan: 𐌐𐌓"
},
{
"sense": "*pró-o > *prṓ (with double suffix) or *pro-h₁ (with instrumental suffix)",
"word": "pr."
},
{
"sense": "*pró-o > *prṓ (with double suffix) or *pro-h₁ (with instrumental suffix)",
"tags": [
"unabbreviated"
],
"word": "pru"
},
{
"english": "early in the morning",
"roman": "prātár",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "प्रातर्"
},
{
"english": "further",
"roman": "pratarám",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit",
"adverb"
],
"word": "प्रतरम्"
},
{
"english": "before",
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"word": "pruter"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "procus"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "procer"
},
{
"sense": "Old Irish",
"tags": [
"Irish",
"Middle"
],
"word": "rom"
},
{
"english": "bold, valiant; firm",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic: *fram",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "fram"
},
{
"english": "forward",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic: *fram; Middle High German",
"word": "fram"
},
{
"english": "forward; prominent; superior",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic: *framaz (“forward; forthright”)",
"tags": [
"Old-Norse"
],
"word": "framr"
},
{
"english": "to perform, promote, further; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic: *fram (“forward, from, away”) (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *framjaną"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *promom",
"word": "promom"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *promom",
"word": "prumum"
},
{
"english": "firstly",
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *promom",
"word": "prumu"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic"
],
"word": "prokъ"
},
{
"english": "near",
"roman": "frakəm",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian; Younger Avestan",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬐𐬆𐬨"
},
{
"roman": "prápra",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *prápra",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "प्रप्र"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Oscan",
"word": "→ Latin: prope"
},
{
"sense": "⇒ Proto-Italic: *propsamos",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "proximus"
},
{
"alt": "fratara /fratara/",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *frataráh; Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬀"
},
{
"roman": "f-r-t-r",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *frataráh",
"tags": [
"Old-Persian"
],
"word": "𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎼"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"roman": "pʻartʻam",
"sense": "*pro-tm̥mós",
"word": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pratʰamásProto-Indo-Aryan: *pratʰamásSanskrit: प्रथमProto-Iranian: *fratamáhCentral Iranian:Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀Northeastern Iranian:Sogdian: [script needed]Western Iranian:Southwestern Iranian:Old Persian: 𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎶𐎠Middle Persian:Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫡𐫤𐫇𐫖Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed]Persian: فردم→ Old Armenian: փարթամArmenian: փարթամ"
},
{
"alt": "przze/i-",
"english": "most in front",
"sense": "Proto-Anatolian",
"word": "[script needed]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"toward, leading to"
],
"id": "en-pró-ine-pro-adv-BG7lty3a",
"links": [
[
"toward",
"toward"
],
[
"leading",
"leading"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "para o"
},
"expansion": "Contraction of para o",
"name": "contraction"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Contraction of para o.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "prá",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "prós",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "prás",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "contraction",
"3": "feminine",
"4": "prá",
"5": "masculine plural",
"6": "prós",
"7": "feminine plural",
"8": "prás",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "pró m (feminine prá, masculine plural prós, feminine plural prás)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "contraction",
"related": [
{
"word": "pelo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Galician contractions",
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician informal terms",
"Galician non-lemma forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to the; for the"
],
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"the",
"the"
],
[
"for",
"for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) to the; for the"
],
"tags": [
"contraction",
"informal",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 1-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese masculine nouns",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese prepositions",
"Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin",
"Portuguese terms derived from Latin",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la",
"3": "prō"
},
"expansion": "Latin prō",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin prō. Compare with inherited por.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "pró",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pró"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pro; in favour of"
],
"links": [
[
"pro",
"pro"
],
[
"in favour of",
"in favour of"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 1-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese masculine nouns",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese prepositions",
"Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin",
"Portuguese terms derived from Latin",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la",
"3": "prō"
},
"expansion": "Latin prō",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin prō. Compare with inherited por.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "prós",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "pró m (plural prós)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pró"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pro (an advantageous aspect of something)"
],
"links": [
[
"pro",
"pro"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 1-syllable words",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese prepositions",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "pró",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pró"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "pro"
}
],
"categories": [
"European Portuguese",
"Portuguese misspellings"
],
"glosses": [
"Misspelling of pro."
],
"links": [
[
"pro",
"pro#Portuguese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Portugal) Misspelling of pro."
],
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"alt-of",
"misspelling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"prefix"
],
"word": "pro-"
},
{
"word": "pró-ti"
},
{
"alt": "if not from *pro-; with *H adopted from nouns with initial laryngeal",
"sense": ">? Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic"
],
"word": "pra-"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic; Proto-West Germanic",
"word": "frō"
},
{
"alt": "with locative -ι (-i)",
"roman": "prōḯ",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"word": "⇒ Ancient Greek: πρωΐ"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"roman": "pr",
"sense": "*pró-o > *prṓ (with double suffix) or *pro-h₁ (with instrumental suffix)",
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "Proto-Italic: *prōLatin: prōOscan: 𐌐𐌓"
},
{
"sense": "*pró-o > *prṓ (with double suffix) or *pro-h₁ (with instrumental suffix)",
"word": "pr."
},
{
"sense": "*pró-o > *prṓ (with double suffix) or *pro-h₁ (with instrumental suffix)",
"tags": [
"unabbreviated"
],
"word": "pru"
},
{
"english": "early in the morning",
"roman": "prātár",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "प्रातर्"
},
{
"english": "before",
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"word": "pruter"
},
{
"sense": "Old Irish",
"tags": [
"Irish",
"Middle"
],
"word": "rom"
},
{
"english": "bold, valiant; firm",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic: *fram",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "fram"
},
{
"english": "forward",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic: *fram; Middle High German",
"word": "fram"
},
{
"english": "forward; prominent; superior",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic: *framaz (“forward; forthright”)",
"tags": [
"Old-Norse"
],
"word": "framr"
},
{
"english": "to perform, promote, further; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic: *fram (“forward, from, away”) (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *framjaną"
},
{
"english": "leader",
"roman": "prómos",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόμος"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *promom",
"word": "promom"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *promom",
"word": "prumum"
},
{
"english": "firstly",
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *promom",
"word": "prumu"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic"
],
"word": "prokъ"
},
{
"roman": "próka",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόκα"
},
{
"english": "near",
"roman": "frakəm",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian; Younger Avestan",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬐𐬆𐬨"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "procus"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "procer"
},
{
"roman": "própro",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόπρο"
},
{
"roman": "prápra",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *prápra",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "प्रप्र"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Oscan",
"word": "→ Latin: prope"
},
{
"sense": "⇒ Proto-Italic: *propsamos",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "proximus"
},
{
"roman": "próteros",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρότερος"
},
{
"english": "further",
"roman": "pratarám",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit",
"adverb"
],
"word": "प्रतरम्"
},
{
"alt": "fratara /fratara/",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *frataráh; Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬀"
},
{
"roman": "f-r-t-r",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *frataráh",
"tags": [
"Old-Persian"
],
"word": "𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎼"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"roman": "pʻartʻam",
"sense": "*pro-tm̥mós",
"word": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pratʰamásProto-Indo-Aryan: *pratʰamásSanskrit: प्रथमProto-Iranian: *fratamáhCentral Iranian:Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀Northeastern Iranian:Sogdian: [script needed]Western Iranian:Southwestern Iranian:Old Persian: 𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎶𐎠Middle Persian:Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫡𐫤𐫇𐫖Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed]Persian: فردم→ Old Armenian: փարթամArmenian: փարթամ"
},
{
"alt": "przze/i-",
"english": "most in front",
"sense": "Proto-Anatolian",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"roman": "prósō",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόσω"
},
{
"roman": "próssō",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόσσω"
},
{
"word": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"word": "frawjô"
},
{
"word": "frawjǭ"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "frawjaz"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": "*prṓ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *prṓ\nHittite: 𒉺𒊏𒀀 (pa-ra-a /prā/)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian: *prṓ\nHittite: 𒉺𒊏𒀀 (pa-ra-a /prā/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*pra"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pra"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "pra",
"3": "pro"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: pra, pro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: pra, pro"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *pro",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *pro (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*ɸro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *ɸro",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *ɸro (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*pró"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *pró",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *pró"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πρό"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: πρό (pró)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: πρό (pró) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*prá"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *prá",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *prá"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*prá"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *prá",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *prá"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्र",
"tr": "prá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: प्र (prá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: प्र (prá)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*frá"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *frá",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *frá"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae"
},
"expansion": "Avestan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-old",
"2": "𐬟𐬭𐬀",
"3": "𐬟𐬭𐬁"
},
"expansion": "Old Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀 (fra), 𐬟𐬭𐬁 (frā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀 (fra), 𐬟𐬭𐬁 (frā)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-yng",
"2": "𐬟𐬭𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Younger Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀 (fra)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀 (fra)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎳𐎼",
"ts": "fra"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎳𐎼 (f-r /fra/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎳𐎼 (f-r /fra/)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*per->before",
"id": "toward"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*per-",
"3": "*-o",
"pos2": "allative suffix",
"t1": "before"
},
"expansion": "*per- (“before”) + *-o (allative suffix)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *per- (“before”) + *-o (allative suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "adverb",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*pró",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pró",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European adverbs",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *per- (before)",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-o"
],
"glosses": [
"toward, leading to"
],
"links": [
[
"toward",
"toward"
],
[
"leading",
"leading"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pró meaning in All languages combined (12.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (85b9f46 and 1b6da77). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.