See ob- on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "ob-"
},
"expansion": "Latin ob-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin ob-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "56 21 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 17 3 4 0 0 20 5 5 5 5 0 0 1 0 11 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 3 4 0 0 17 5 6 6 6 0 0 1 0 14 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Against; facing; a combining prefix found in verbs of Latin origin."
],
"id": "en-ob--en-prefix-KDK7MjVX",
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) Against; facing; a combining prefix found in verbs of Latin origin."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "against",
"word": "anti-"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "against",
"word": "counter-"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "against",
"word": "contra-"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "against",
"word": "dys-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a reversed shape."
],
"id": "en-ob--en-prefix-YWQPPxap",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) Of a reversed shape."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "obligatory"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of obligatory",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of obligatory.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Internet",
"orig": "en:Internet",
"parents": [
"Computing",
"Networking",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1998, Haydn Black, “lesbian goths”, in alt.gothic (Usenet):",
"text": "ObGoth: Uh, well, it's like this you see, <searches in random file o' obgoth things> anyone out there got the new CoX album on Tess? If so which album is it *most* like?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Peter Thomas, “FAQ: more info request”, in comp.sys.sinclair (Usenet):",
"text": "Aren't Newcastle's chairman Sunderland supporters? (From the way they acted?) Erm...obspeccy? Tynesoft, eh? What happened to them?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, Dan Glover, “Introduction to Linux article for commentary”, in alt.linux (Usenet):",
"text": "ObLinux: SAP were giving away a free development environment for use with RedHat v6.1 recently, a distinctly non-free complete system has been available for a while. This offers another example of a commercial application where the vendors now have sufficient confidence in Linux to release a port (even if it is distribution-specific).",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obligatory; prepended to the name of a topic being mentioned to avoid accusations of being off-topic."
],
"id": "en-ob--en-prefix-YbLv3fhN",
"links": [
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"Obligatory",
"obligatory"
],
[
"off-topic",
"off-topic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Internet, informal, humorous) Obligatory; prepended to the name of a topic being mentioned to avoid accusations of being off-topic."
],
"tags": [
"Internet",
"humorous",
"informal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ob",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ob",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ob"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ob",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃ebʰi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ob, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi. See o.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 17 3 4 0 0 20 5 5 5 5 0 0 1 0 11 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 3 4 0 0 17 5 6 6 6 0 0 1 0 14 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "objet"
},
{
"word": "objevit"
},
{
"word": "obsílka"
},
{
"word": "obšťastnit"
},
{
"word": "obvinit"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "omission (obden = ob + den (day) = every other day)"
},
{
"text": "surrounding (objet = ob + jet (drive) = to drive around)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a prefix with various functions, e.g. expressing"
],
"id": "en-ob--cs-prefix-6ccuFGP~",
"links": [
[
"prefix",
"prefix#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"a prefix with various functions, e.g. expressing:"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "obe-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "From ob (“over, above”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"over-, super-"
],
"id": "en-ob--de-prefix-3YiaV7j8",
"links": [
[
"over-",
"over-"
],
[
"super-",
"super-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "ob-"
},
"expansion": "Latin ob-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin ob-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ob-"
],
"id": "en-ob--de-prefix-c5RBo0Kt",
"links": [
[
"ob-",
"#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
{
"etymology_text": "Prefixation of preposition ob (“towards; against”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "obs-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "os-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 18 3 3 0 0 25 4 4 4 4 0 0 1 0 8 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 17 3 4 0 0 20 5 5 5 5 0 0 1 0 11 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 3 4 0 0 17 5 6 6 6 0 0 1 0 14 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"towards; against"
],
"id": "en-ob--la-prefix-u6ButGaH",
"links": [
[
"towards",
"towards"
],
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "sla-pro>*o(b)->around",
"id": "around",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *o(b)-\nOld Polish ob-",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*o(b)-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *o(b)-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*o(b)-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *o(b)-",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *o(b)-\nOld Polish ob-\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *o(b)-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "o"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology trees",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ob- + ić → obić",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prefix added to verbs to mean surrounding, around"
],
"id": "en-ob--zlw-opl-prefix-LoNdVFxR",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology trees",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ob- + mówić → obmówić",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prefix added to verbs with various meanings"
],
"id": "en-ob--zlw-opl-prefix-wyDmSwMJ",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔb/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɔb/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "zlw-opl>ob->around",
"id": "around",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *o(b)-\nOld Polish ob-\nPolish ob-",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "ob-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish ob-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "ob-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish ob-",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "o-"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of o-",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *o(b)-\nOld Polish ob-\nPolish ob-\nInherited from Old Polish ob-. Doublet of o-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "obe-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 49 51",
"word": "o"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology trees",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ob- + jechać → objechać",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prefix added to verbs to mean surrounding, around"
],
"id": "en-ob--pl-prefix-LoNdVFxR",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "o-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology trees",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ob- + jeść (“to eat”) → objeść się (“to eat and be overstuffed”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prefix added to verbs meaning entirely"
],
"id": "en-ob--pl-prefix-uhoVwzgM",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ob- + źrzeć → obejrzeć"
],
"id": "en-ob--pl-prefix-mrmXZKwq",
"links": [
[
"źrzeć",
"źrzeć#Polish"
],
[
"obejrzeć",
"obejrzeć#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ob- + walić → obalić"
],
"id": "en-ob--pl-prefix-f1FtkpCp",
"links": [
[
"walić",
"walić#Polish"
],
[
"obalić",
"obalić#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔb/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔb"
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ob",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ob",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ob"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ob",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃ebʰi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ob, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi. See o.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "об-",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "op-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "oba-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ob- (Cyrillic spelling об-)",
"name": "sh-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "jahati → objahati"
},
{
"text": "grliti → obgrliti"
},
{
"text": "kružiti → okružiti"
}
],
"glosses": [
"around, enclosing, surrounding"
],
"id": "en-ob--sh-prefix-Fy6MDBBK",
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"enclosing",
"enclosing"
],
[
"surrounding",
"surrounding"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "javiti → objaviti"
},
{
"text": "uzeti → obuzeti"
},
{
"text": "lizati → oblizati"
}
],
"glosses": [
"around, throughout, wholly"
],
"id": "en-ob--sh-prefix-P79lULG1",
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"throughout",
"throughout"
],
[
"wholly",
"wholly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 17 3 4 0 0 20 5 5 5 5 0 0 1 0 11 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 3 4 0 0 17 5 6 6 6 0 0 1 0 14 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 44 24 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "grepsti → ogrepsti"
}
],
"glosses": [
"on the surface or top of something"
],
"id": "en-ob--sh-prefix-V~O9Rme5",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "hrabriti → ohrabriti"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms perfective verbs from imperfectives"
],
"id": "en-ob--sh-prefix-NmezQpJ-",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "malen → omalen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"quite, -ish"
],
"id": "en-ob--sh-prefix-nDrh8o0n",
"links": [
[
"quite",
"quite"
],
[
"-ish",
"-ish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ob/"
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "objet"
},
{
"word": "objevit"
},
{
"word": "obsílka"
},
{
"word": "obšťastnit"
},
{
"word": "obvinit"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ob",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ob",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ob"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ob",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃ebʰi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ob, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi. See o.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "obe-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech prefixes",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "omission (obden = ob + den (day) = every other day)"
},
{
"text": "surrounding (objet = ob + jet (drive) = to drive around)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a prefix with various functions, e.g. expressing"
],
"links": [
[
"prefix",
"prefix#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"a prefix with various functions, e.g. expressing:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English Usenet slang",
"English clippings",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English unproductive prefixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "ob-"
},
"expansion": "Latin ob-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin ob-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Against; facing; a combining prefix found in verbs of Latin origin."
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) Against; facing; a combining prefix found in verbs of Latin origin."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"Of a reversed shape."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) Of a reversed shape."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "against",
"word": "anti-"
},
{
"sense": "against",
"word": "counter-"
},
{
"sense": "against",
"word": "contra-"
},
{
"sense": "against",
"word": "dys-"
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English Usenet slang",
"English clippings",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English unproductive prefixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "obligatory"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of obligatory",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of obligatory.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English humorous terms",
"English informal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Internet"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1998, Haydn Black, “lesbian goths”, in alt.gothic (Usenet):",
"text": "ObGoth: Uh, well, it's like this you see, <searches in random file o' obgoth things> anyone out there got the new CoX album on Tess? If so which album is it *most* like?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Peter Thomas, “FAQ: more info request”, in comp.sys.sinclair (Usenet):",
"text": "Aren't Newcastle's chairman Sunderland supporters? (From the way they acted?) Erm...obspeccy? Tynesoft, eh? What happened to them?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, Dan Glover, “Introduction to Linux article for commentary”, in alt.linux (Usenet):",
"text": "ObLinux: SAP were giving away a free development environment for use with RedHat v6.1 recently, a distinctly non-free complete system has been available for a while. This offers another example of a commercial application where the vendors now have sufficient confidence in Linux to release a port (even if it is distribution-specific).",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obligatory; prepended to the name of a topic being mentioned to avoid accusations of being off-topic."
],
"links": [
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"Obligatory",
"obligatory"
],
[
"off-topic",
"off-topic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Internet, informal, humorous) Obligatory; prepended to the name of a topic being mentioned to avoid accusations of being off-topic."
],
"tags": [
"Internet",
"humorous",
"informal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German prefixes",
"German terms derived from Latin",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "From ob (“over, above”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"over-, super-"
],
"links": [
[
"over-",
"over-"
],
[
"super-",
"super-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German prefixes",
"German terms derived from Latin",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "ob-"
},
"expansion": "Latin ob-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin ob-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ob-"
],
"links": [
[
"ob-",
"#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_text": "Prefixation of preposition ob (“towards; against”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "obs-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "os-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin prefixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"towards; against"
],
"links": [
[
"towards",
"towards"
],
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish prefixes",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "sla-pro>*o(b)->around",
"id": "around",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *o(b)-\nOld Polish ob-",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*o(b)-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *o(b)-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*o(b)-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *o(b)-",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *o(b)-\nOld Polish ob-\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *o(b)-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "o"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ob- + ić → obić",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prefix added to verbs to mean surrounding, around"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ob- + mówić → obmówić",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prefix added to verbs with various meanings"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔb/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɔb/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish prefixes",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔb",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔb/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "zlw-opl>ob->around",
"id": "around",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *o(b)-\nOld Polish ob-\nPolish ob-",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "ob-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish ob-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "ob-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish ob-",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "o-"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of o-",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *o(b)-\nOld Polish ob-\nPolish ob-\nInherited from Old Polish ob-. Doublet of o-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "obe-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ob-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "o"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ob- + jechać → objechać",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prefix added to verbs to mean surrounding, around"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "o-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ob- + jeść (“to eat”) → objeść się (“to eat and be overstuffed”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prefix added to verbs meaning entirely"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ob- + źrzeć → obejrzeć"
],
"links": [
[
"źrzeć",
"źrzeć#Polish"
],
[
"obejrzeć",
"obejrzeć#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ob- + walić → obalić"
],
"links": [
[
"walić",
"walić#Polish"
],
[
"obalić",
"obalić#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔb/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔb"
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian prefixes",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ob",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ob",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ob"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ob",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃ebʰi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ob, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi. See o.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "об-",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "o-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "op-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "oba-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ob- (Cyrillic spelling об-)",
"name": "sh-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "jahati → objahati"
},
{
"text": "grliti → obgrliti"
},
{
"text": "kružiti → okružiti"
}
],
"glosses": [
"around, enclosing, surrounding"
],
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"enclosing",
"enclosing"
],
[
"surrounding",
"surrounding"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "javiti → objaviti"
},
{
"text": "uzeti → obuzeti"
},
{
"text": "lizati → oblizati"
}
],
"glosses": [
"around, throughout, wholly"
],
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"throughout",
"throughout"
],
[
"wholly",
"wholly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "grepsti → ogrepsti"
}
],
"glosses": [
"on the surface or top of something"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "hrabriti → ohrabriti"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms perfective verbs from imperfectives"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "malen → omalen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"quite, -ish"
],
"links": [
[
"quite",
"quite"
],
[
"-ish",
"-ish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ob/"
}
],
"word": "ob-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ob- meaning in All languages combined (13.5kB)
{
"called_from": "extractor.en.page.sense_template_fn/1415",
"msg": "Example template is used for gloss text",
"path": [
"ob-",
"Template:prefixusex",
"TEMPLATE_FN"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "ob-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "extractor.en.page.sense_template_fn/1415",
"msg": "Example template is used for gloss text",
"path": [
"ob-",
"Template:prefixusex",
"TEMPLATE_FN"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "ob-",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.