See nudge on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for nudge meaning in All languages combined (27.2kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nudge theory"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nudgy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "wink wink nudge nudge"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "nugge"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian nugge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "nyggje",
"t": "to push, rub, shove"
},
"expansion": "nyggje (“to push, rub, shove”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "nugga",
"t": "to rub, massage"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic nugga (“to rub, massage”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hnōjaną",
"t": "to smooth, join together"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hnōjaną (“to smooth, join together”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kneh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kneh₂-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κνάω",
"t": "to scratch, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κνάω (knáō, “to scratch, scrape”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "acnestis"
},
"expansion": "English acnestis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "nodge",
"t": "to push, poke, nudge"
},
"expansion": "Scots nodge (“to push, poke, nudge”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "knidge",
"t": "to push, squeeze"
},
"expansion": "knidge (“to push, squeeze”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gnidge",
"t": "to rub, press, squeeze, bruise"
},
"expansion": "gnidge (“to rub, press, squeeze, bruise”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "knudge",
"t": "to squeeze, press down with the knuckles"
},
"expansion": "knudge (“to squeeze, press down with the knuckles”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Nukke"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Nukke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Nuk",
"t": "a sudden push"
},
"expansion": "Nuk (“a sudden push”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "nucke"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German nucke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "nücke"
},
"expansion": "nücke",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gnücke",
"t": "a sudden push, shock, impetus"
},
"expansion": "gnücke (“a sudden push, shock, impetus”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nuch",
"t": "to tremble"
},
"expansion": "nuch (“to tremble”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nuchen",
"t": "to tremble"
},
"expansion": "Middle English nuchen (“to tremble”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Circa 17th century, perhaps of North Germanic origin, related to Norwegian nugge, nyggje (“to push, rub, shove”), Icelandic nugga (“to rub, massage”), from the root of Proto-Germanic *hnōjaną (“to smooth, join together”), from Proto-Indo-European *kneh₂- (compare Ancient Greek κνάω (knáō, “to scratch, scrape”), source of English acnestis).\nCompare also Scots nodge (“to push, poke, nudge”), knidge (“to push, squeeze”), gnidge (“to rub, press, squeeze, bruise”), and knudge (“to squeeze, press down with the knuckles”), Saterland Frisian Nukke, Nuk (“a sudden push”), Middle Low German nucke, nücke, gnücke (“a sudden push, shock, impetus”). Compare also dialectal nuch (“to tremble”), Middle English nuchen (“to tremble”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nudges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nudge (plural nudges)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "give someone a nudge",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A gentle push."
],
"id": "en-nudge-en-noun-XN7PKaBb",
"links": [
[
"gentle",
"gentle"
],
[
"push",
"push"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smuškvane",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "смушкване"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "empenta suau"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cop de colze"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "postrčení"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "zetje"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "por"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "tönäisy"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "työntö"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "petit coup de coude"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "petite tape amicale"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "Stups (leise oder heimlich)"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schubs"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Stoß"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Stupser"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Knuff"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Puff"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rippenstoß"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "skoúntima",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σκούντημα"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "megbökés"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "oldalba bökés"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "lökés"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spintarella"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "piebikstīšana"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "tuke"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bucks"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cutucão"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ljóxkij",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лёгкий толчо́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "gurkanje"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "nukanje"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "pequeño empujón"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "empujoncito"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 3 3 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "dürtme"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Internet",
"orig": "en:Internet",
"parents": [
"Computing",
"Networking",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 29 11 26 2 22 4 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A feature of instant messaging software used to get the attention of another user, as by shaking the conversation window or playing a sound."
],
"id": "en-nudge-en-noun-TTWqzf7q",
"links": [
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"feature",
"feature"
],
[
"instant messaging",
"instant messaging"
],
[
"software",
"software"
],
[
"conversation",
"conversation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Internet) A feature of instant messaging software used to get the attention of another user, as by shaking the conversation window or playing a sound."
],
"tags": [
"Internet"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 29 11 26 2 22 4 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Since the machine was showing two lemons and a cherry, I decided to try a nudge.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The rotation by one step of a fruit machine reel of the player's choice."
],
"id": "en-nudge-en-noun-DsU727zC",
"links": [
[
"rotation",
"rotation"
],
[
"step",
"step"
],
[
"fruit machine",
"fruit machine"
],
[
"reel",
"reel"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Economics",
"orig": "en:Economics",
"parents": [
"Social sciences",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 29 11 26 2 22 4 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 March 24, “Nudge nudge, think think”, in The Economist",
"text": "All this experimentation is yielding insights into which nudges give the biggest shove. One question is whether nudges can be designed to harness existing social norms. In Copenhagen Pelle Guldborg Hansen, founder of the Danish Nudging Network, a non-profit organisation, tested two potential “social nudges” in partnership with the local government, both using symbols to try to influence choices.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 December 7, Kathrin Bennhold, “Britain’s Ministry of Nudges”, in New York Times",
"text": "Manipulating behavior is old hat in the private sector, where advertisers and companies have been nudging consumers for decades. Just think of strategically placed chocolate bars at the checkout counter. But in public policy, nudge proponents study human behavior to try to figure out why people sometimes make choices that they themselves would consider poor. Then they test small changes in how those choices are presented, to see whether people can be steered toward better decisions — like putting apples, not chocolate bars, at eye level in school cafeterias. […] It is tricky to run perfectly controlled experiments in real-life situations, but proving the worth of nudges is a central principle of the program, Mr. Halpern said.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The use of positive reinforcement and indirect suggestions as ways to influence."
],
"id": "en-nudge-en-noun-zx4x0O3M",
"links": [
[
"economics",
"economics"
],
[
"positive reinforcement",
"positive reinforcement"
],
[
"suggestion",
"suggestion"
]
],
"qualifier": "behavioral economics",
"raw_glosses": [
"(behavioral economics) The use of positive reinforcement and indirect suggestions as ways to influence."
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 15 5 78",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "behavioral economics: the use of positive reinforcement and indirect suggestions as ways to influence",
"word": "tuuppaaminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 15 5 78",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "behavioral economics: the use of positive reinforcement and indirect suggestions as ways to influence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nudge"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 15 5 78",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "behavioral economics: the use of positive reinforcement and indirect suggestions as ways to influence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "incoraggiamento"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nʌd͡ʒ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌd͡ʒ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-nudge.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nudge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nudge.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nudge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nudge.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "nug"
}
],
"word": "nudge"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "nudge out"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "nudger"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "nugge"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian nugge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "nyggje",
"t": "to push, rub, shove"
},
"expansion": "nyggje (“to push, rub, shove”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "nugga",
"t": "to rub, massage"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic nugga (“to rub, massage”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hnōjaną",
"t": "to smooth, join together"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hnōjaną (“to smooth, join together”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kneh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kneh₂-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κνάω",
"t": "to scratch, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κνάω (knáō, “to scratch, scrape”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "acnestis"
},
"expansion": "English acnestis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "nodge",
"t": "to push, poke, nudge"
},
"expansion": "Scots nodge (“to push, poke, nudge”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "knidge",
"t": "to push, squeeze"
},
"expansion": "knidge (“to push, squeeze”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gnidge",
"t": "to rub, press, squeeze, bruise"
},
"expansion": "gnidge (“to rub, press, squeeze, bruise”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "knudge",
"t": "to squeeze, press down with the knuckles"
},
"expansion": "knudge (“to squeeze, press down with the knuckles”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Nukke"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Nukke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Nuk",
"t": "a sudden push"
},
"expansion": "Nuk (“a sudden push”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "nucke"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German nucke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "nücke"
},
"expansion": "nücke",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gnücke",
"t": "a sudden push, shock, impetus"
},
"expansion": "gnücke (“a sudden push, shock, impetus”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nuch",
"t": "to tremble"
},
"expansion": "nuch (“to tremble”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nuchen",
"t": "to tremble"
},
"expansion": "Middle English nuchen (“to tremble”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Circa 17th century, perhaps of North Germanic origin, related to Norwegian nugge, nyggje (“to push, rub, shove”), Icelandic nugga (“to rub, massage”), from the root of Proto-Germanic *hnōjaną (“to smooth, join together”), from Proto-Indo-European *kneh₂- (compare Ancient Greek κνάω (knáō, “to scratch, scrape”), source of English acnestis).\nCompare also Scots nodge (“to push, poke, nudge”), knidge (“to push, squeeze”), gnidge (“to rub, press, squeeze, bruise”), and knudge (“to squeeze, press down with the knuckles”), Saterland Frisian Nukke, Nuk (“a sudden push”), Middle Low German nucke, nücke, gnücke (“a sudden push, shock, impetus”). Compare also dialectal nuch (“to tremble”), Middle English nuchen (“to tremble”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nudges",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nudging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "nudged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "nudged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nudge (third-person singular simple present nudges, present participle nudging, simple past and past participle nudged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "nudge nudge wink wink"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 29 11 26 2 22 4 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 January 2, Steven Sloman, “The Battle Between Intuition and Deliberation”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 2012-01-08, page 74",
"text": "Libertarian paternalism is the view that, because the way options are presented to citizens affects what they choose, society should present options in a way that “nudges” our intuitive selves to make choices that are more consistent with what our more deliberative selves would have chosen if they were in control.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal."
],
"id": "en-nudge-en-verb-smOn1yBe",
"links": [
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"gently",
"gently"
],
[
"attention",
"attention"
],
[
"signal",
"signal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smuškvam",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "смушквам"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "butam s lakǎt",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "бутам с лакът"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "empentar suaument"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "fer un cop de colze"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "strčit"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "postrčit"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "duw geven"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "aanstoten"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "porren"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "tönäistä"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "donner un petit coup de coude"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "donner une petite tape amicale"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "anstoßen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "anschubsen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "anstupsen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "schubsen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "stupsen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "schupfen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "knuffen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "skountó",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "σκουντώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "skountáo",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "σκουντάω"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "oldalba bök"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "megbök"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"english": "to urge, positively reinforce",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "noszogat"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "sospingere"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "piebikstīt"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "tute"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "tuke"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "tuketuke"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "szturchać"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "szturchnąć"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podtalkivatʹ",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "подталкивать"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "gurkati"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "nukati"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "dürtmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "yi",
"english": "a tore ton",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "אַ טאָרע טאָן"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "a shturkh ton",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "אַ שטורך טאָן"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To near or come close to something."
],
"id": "en-nudge-en-verb-MgI-v4nq",
"links": [
[
"near",
"near"
],
[
"close",
"close"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To near or come close to something."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 94 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "přiblížit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 94 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "přibližovat se"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 94 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"word": "lähestyä"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 94 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"word": "sich annähern"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 94 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"word": "sich nähern"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 94 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"word": "megközelít"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 94 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"word": "csaknem elér"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 94 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"word": "lambire"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 94 2",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"word": "tuvoties"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021 February 2, Katharine Murphy, The Guardian",
"text": "But a serious public health and economic crisis, and the responses to it from commonwealth and state governments, seems to have nudged some “protest” voters back into the major party fold.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To move slightly."
],
"id": "en-nudge-en-verb-1A5BDvdL",
"links": [
[
"move",
"move"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To move slightly."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 3 95",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to move slightly",
"word": "lök"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 95",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to move slightly",
"word": "lökdös"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 95",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to move slightly",
"word": "taszigál"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nʌd͡ʒ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌd͡ʒ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-nudge.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nudge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nudge.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nudge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nudge.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "nug"
}
],
"word": "nudge"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "nudges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nudge (plural nudges)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "nudzh"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1988 April 16, Monica Hileman, “Women On Stage”, in Gay Community News, page 8",
"text": "Grace is portrayed as an overly neurotic nudge who recites her own poetry, loves complicated situations, and is in the process of coming out to her liberal, middle class, Jewish parents.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of nudzh"
],
"id": "en-nudge-en-noun-9Lc7HWdt",
"links": [
[
"nudzh",
"nudzh#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "nudge"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from North Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Danish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌd͡ʒ",
"Rhymes:English/ʌd͡ʒ/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "nudge theory"
},
{
"word": "nudgy"
},
{
"word": "wink wink nudge nudge"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "nugge"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian nugge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "nyggje",
"t": "to push, rub, shove"
},
"expansion": "nyggje (“to push, rub, shove”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "nugga",
"t": "to rub, massage"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic nugga (“to rub, massage”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hnōjaną",
"t": "to smooth, join together"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hnōjaną (“to smooth, join together”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kneh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kneh₂-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κνάω",
"t": "to scratch, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κνάω (knáō, “to scratch, scrape”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "acnestis"
},
"expansion": "English acnestis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "nodge",
"t": "to push, poke, nudge"
},
"expansion": "Scots nodge (“to push, poke, nudge”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "knidge",
"t": "to push, squeeze"
},
"expansion": "knidge (“to push, squeeze”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gnidge",
"t": "to rub, press, squeeze, bruise"
},
"expansion": "gnidge (“to rub, press, squeeze, bruise”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "knudge",
"t": "to squeeze, press down with the knuckles"
},
"expansion": "knudge (“to squeeze, press down with the knuckles”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Nukke"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Nukke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Nuk",
"t": "a sudden push"
},
"expansion": "Nuk (“a sudden push”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "nucke"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German nucke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "nücke"
},
"expansion": "nücke",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gnücke",
"t": "a sudden push, shock, impetus"
},
"expansion": "gnücke (“a sudden push, shock, impetus”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nuch",
"t": "to tremble"
},
"expansion": "nuch (“to tremble”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nuchen",
"t": "to tremble"
},
"expansion": "Middle English nuchen (“to tremble”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Circa 17th century, perhaps of North Germanic origin, related to Norwegian nugge, nyggje (“to push, rub, shove”), Icelandic nugga (“to rub, massage”), from the root of Proto-Germanic *hnōjaną (“to smooth, join together”), from Proto-Indo-European *kneh₂- (compare Ancient Greek κνάω (knáō, “to scratch, scrape”), source of English acnestis).\nCompare also Scots nodge (“to push, poke, nudge”), knidge (“to push, squeeze”), gnidge (“to rub, press, squeeze, bruise”), and knudge (“to squeeze, press down with the knuckles”), Saterland Frisian Nukke, Nuk (“a sudden push”), Middle Low German nucke, nücke, gnücke (“a sudden push, shock, impetus”). Compare also dialectal nuch (“to tremble”), Middle English nuchen (“to tremble”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nudges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nudge (plural nudges)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "give someone a nudge",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A gentle push."
],
"links": [
[
"gentle",
"gentle"
],
[
"push",
"push"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Internet"
],
"glosses": [
"A feature of instant messaging software used to get the attention of another user, as by shaking the conversation window or playing a sound."
],
"links": [
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"feature",
"feature"
],
[
"instant messaging",
"instant messaging"
],
[
"software",
"software"
],
[
"conversation",
"conversation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Internet) A feature of instant messaging software used to get the attention of another user, as by shaking the conversation window or playing a sound."
],
"tags": [
"Internet"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Since the machine was showing two lemons and a cherry, I decided to try a nudge.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The rotation by one step of a fruit machine reel of the player's choice."
],
"links": [
[
"rotation",
"rotation"
],
[
"step",
"step"
],
[
"fruit machine",
"fruit machine"
],
[
"reel",
"reel"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Economics"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 March 24, “Nudge nudge, think think”, in The Economist",
"text": "All this experimentation is yielding insights into which nudges give the biggest shove. One question is whether nudges can be designed to harness existing social norms. In Copenhagen Pelle Guldborg Hansen, founder of the Danish Nudging Network, a non-profit organisation, tested two potential “social nudges” in partnership with the local government, both using symbols to try to influence choices.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 December 7, Kathrin Bennhold, “Britain’s Ministry of Nudges”, in New York Times",
"text": "Manipulating behavior is old hat in the private sector, where advertisers and companies have been nudging consumers for decades. Just think of strategically placed chocolate bars at the checkout counter. But in public policy, nudge proponents study human behavior to try to figure out why people sometimes make choices that they themselves would consider poor. Then they test small changes in how those choices are presented, to see whether people can be steered toward better decisions — like putting apples, not chocolate bars, at eye level in school cafeterias. […] It is tricky to run perfectly controlled experiments in real-life situations, but proving the worth of nudges is a central principle of the program, Mr. Halpern said.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The use of positive reinforcement and indirect suggestions as ways to influence."
],
"links": [
[
"economics",
"economics"
],
[
"positive reinforcement",
"positive reinforcement"
],
[
"suggestion",
"suggestion"
]
],
"qualifier": "behavioral economics",
"raw_glosses": [
"(behavioral economics) The use of positive reinforcement and indirect suggestions as ways to influence."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nʌd͡ʒ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌd͡ʒ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-nudge.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nudge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nudge.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nudge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nudge.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "nug"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smuškvane",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "смушкване"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "empenta suau"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cop de colze"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "postrčení"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "zetje"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "por"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "tönäisy"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "työntö"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "petit coup de coude"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "petite tape amicale"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "Stups (leise oder heimlich)"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schubs"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Stoß"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Stupser"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Knuff"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Puff"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rippenstoß"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "skoúntima",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σκούντημα"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "megbökés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "oldalba bökés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "lökés"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spintarella"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "piebikstīšana"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "tuke"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bucks"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cutucão"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ljóxkij",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лёгкий толчо́к"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "gurkanje"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "nukanje"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "pequeño empujón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "empujoncito"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a gentle push",
"word": "dürtme"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "behavioral economics: the use of positive reinforcement and indirect suggestions as ways to influence",
"word": "tuuppaaminen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "behavioral economics: the use of positive reinforcement and indirect suggestions as ways to influence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nudge"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "behavioral economics: the use of positive reinforcement and indirect suggestions as ways to influence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "incoraggiamento"
}
],
"word": "nudge"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from North Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Danish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌd͡ʒ",
"Rhymes:English/ʌd͡ʒ/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "nudge out"
},
{
"word": "nudger"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "nugge"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian nugge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "nyggje",
"t": "to push, rub, shove"
},
"expansion": "nyggje (“to push, rub, shove”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "nugga",
"t": "to rub, massage"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic nugga (“to rub, massage”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hnōjaną",
"t": "to smooth, join together"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hnōjaną (“to smooth, join together”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kneh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kneh₂-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κνάω",
"t": "to scratch, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κνάω (knáō, “to scratch, scrape”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "acnestis"
},
"expansion": "English acnestis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "nodge",
"t": "to push, poke, nudge"
},
"expansion": "Scots nodge (“to push, poke, nudge”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "knidge",
"t": "to push, squeeze"
},
"expansion": "knidge (“to push, squeeze”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gnidge",
"t": "to rub, press, squeeze, bruise"
},
"expansion": "gnidge (“to rub, press, squeeze, bruise”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "knudge",
"t": "to squeeze, press down with the knuckles"
},
"expansion": "knudge (“to squeeze, press down with the knuckles”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Nukke"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Nukke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Nuk",
"t": "a sudden push"
},
"expansion": "Nuk (“a sudden push”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "nucke"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German nucke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "nücke"
},
"expansion": "nücke",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "gnücke",
"t": "a sudden push, shock, impetus"
},
"expansion": "gnücke (“a sudden push, shock, impetus”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nuch",
"t": "to tremble"
},
"expansion": "nuch (“to tremble”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nuchen",
"t": "to tremble"
},
"expansion": "Middle English nuchen (“to tremble”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Circa 17th century, perhaps of North Germanic origin, related to Norwegian nugge, nyggje (“to push, rub, shove”), Icelandic nugga (“to rub, massage”), from the root of Proto-Germanic *hnōjaną (“to smooth, join together”), from Proto-Indo-European *kneh₂- (compare Ancient Greek κνάω (knáō, “to scratch, scrape”), source of English acnestis).\nCompare also Scots nodge (“to push, poke, nudge”), knidge (“to push, squeeze”), gnidge (“to rub, press, squeeze, bruise”), and knudge (“to squeeze, press down with the knuckles”), Saterland Frisian Nukke, Nuk (“a sudden push”), Middle Low German nucke, nücke, gnücke (“a sudden push, shock, impetus”). Compare also dialectal nuch (“to tremble”), Middle English nuchen (“to tremble”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nudges",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nudging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "nudged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "nudged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nudge (third-person singular simple present nudges, present participle nudging, simple past and past participle nudged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "nudge nudge wink wink"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 January 2, Steven Sloman, “The Battle Between Intuition and Deliberation”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 2012-01-08, page 74",
"text": "Libertarian paternalism is the view that, because the way options are presented to citizens affects what they choose, society should present options in a way that “nudges” our intuitive selves to make choices that are more consistent with what our more deliberative selves would have chosen if they were in control.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal."
],
"links": [
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"gently",
"gently"
],
[
"attention",
"attention"
],
[
"signal",
"signal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To near or come close to something."
],
"links": [
[
"near",
"near"
],
[
"close",
"close"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To near or come close to something."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021 February 2, Katharine Murphy, The Guardian",
"text": "But a serious public health and economic crisis, and the responses to it from commonwealth and state governments, seems to have nudged some “protest” voters back into the major party fold.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To move slightly."
],
"links": [
[
"move",
"move"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To move slightly."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nʌd͡ʒ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌd͡ʒ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-nudge.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nudge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nudge.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nudge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-nudge.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "nug"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smuškvam",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "смушквам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "butam s lakǎt",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "бутам с лакът"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "empentar suaument"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "fer un cop de colze"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "strčit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "postrčit"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "duw geven"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "aanstoten"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "porren"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "tönäistä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "donner un petit coup de coude"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "donner une petite tape amicale"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "anstoßen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "anschubsen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "anstupsen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "schubsen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "stupsen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "schupfen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "knuffen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "skountó",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "σκουντώ"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "skountáo",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "σκουντάω"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "oldalba bök"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "megbök"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "to urge, positively reinforce",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "noszogat"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "sospingere"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "piebikstīt"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "tute"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "tuke"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "tuketuke"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "szturchać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "szturchnąć"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podtalkivatʹ",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "подталкивать"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "gurkati"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "nukati"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "dürtmek"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"english": "a tore ton",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "אַ טאָרע טאָן"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "a shturkh ton",
"sense": "to push against gently, especially in order to gain attention or give a signal",
"word": "אַ שטורך טאָן"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "přiblížit se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "přibližovat se"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"word": "lähestyä"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"word": "sich annähern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"word": "sich nähern"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"word": "megközelít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"word": "csaknem elér"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"word": "lambire"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to near or come close to something",
"word": "tuvoties"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to move slightly",
"word": "lök"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to move slightly",
"word": "lökdös"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to move slightly",
"word": "taszigál"
}
],
"word": "nudge"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "nudges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nudge (plural nudges)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "nudzh"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1988 April 16, Monica Hileman, “Women On Stage”, in Gay Community News, page 8",
"text": "Grace is portrayed as an overly neurotic nudge who recites her own poetry, loves complicated situations, and is in the process of coming out to her liberal, middle class, Jewish parents.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of nudzh"
],
"links": [
[
"nudzh",
"nudzh#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "nudge"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": tolčók vs. ljóxkij",
"path": [
"nudge"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "nudge",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.