See kopiti on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "копя́",
"der": "1",
"t": "to castrate"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Bulgarian: копя́ (kopjá, “to castrate”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly",
"2": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(possibly, archaic)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Bulgarian: копя́ (kopjá, “to castrate”) (possibly, archaic)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kep-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*kа́ptei",
"4": "*kа́p(je)tei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kа́p(je)tei",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kep-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kàpti",
"3": "",
"4": "to chop"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kàpti (“to chop”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κόπτω",
"3": "",
"4": "to beat, to hit"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κόπτω (kóptō, “to beat, to hit”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kopati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kopati",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Pre-Slavic, reflecting Proto-Balto-Slavic *kа́p(je)tei, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep-. Cognate with Lithuanian kàpti (“to chop”), Ancient Greek κόπτω (kóptō, “to beat, to hit”). Superseded by Proto-Slavic *kopati by time of Late Common Slavic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľenьje",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "kopiti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kopitъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "kopilъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"l-participle"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľenъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kopimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kopę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kopixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopiši",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopitь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopixově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kopita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopixomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kopiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopišę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kopite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopętь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaxově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaašeta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kopita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaxomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaxǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kopite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "-1",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kopiti",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "skopiti"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-iti",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of *skopiti"
],
"id": "en-kopiti-sla-pro-verb-JdIwKvZq",
"links": [
[
"*skopiti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/skopiti"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"imperfective",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kopiti"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "копити"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: копити (kopiti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: копити (kopiti)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "капі́ць"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: капі́ць (kapícʹ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: капі́ць (kapícʹ) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "копи́ть"
},
"expansion": "Russian: копи́ть (kopítʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: копи́ть (kopítʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "копи́ти"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: копи́ти (kopýty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: копи́ти (kopýty)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "копя́",
"qq": "dialectal",
"t": "to amass"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: копя́ (kopjá, “to amass”) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: копя́ (kopjá, “to amass”) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ко̀пити",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ко̀пити",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ко̀пити"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kòpiti",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: kòpiti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: kòpiti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "kopiti"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: kopiti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: kopiti (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kopiti"
},
"expansion": "Czech: kopiti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: kopiti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kopić"
},
"expansion": "Polish: kopić",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Polish: kopić (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "kôpic"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: kôpic",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: kôpic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "kopiť"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: kopiť",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: kopiť"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kopić"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kopić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: kopić"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "kopiś"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kopiś",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: kopiś"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kep-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kopa",
"3": "*-iti",
"t1": "pile, bulk"
},
"expansion": "*kopa (“pile, bulk”) + *-iti",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kep-",
"4": "",
"5": "to grave, to strike"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep- (“to grave, to strike”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Denominal causative from *kopa (“pile, bulk”) + *-iti, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep- (“to grave, to strike”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "?",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľenьje",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "kopiti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kopitъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "kopilъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"l-participle"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "?",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľenъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kopimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kopę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "?",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kopixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopiši",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopitь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopixově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kopita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopixomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kopiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopišę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kopite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopętь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaxově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaašeta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kopita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaxomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaxǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kopite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "-1"
},
"name": "sla-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kopiti",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to stack, to pile"
],
"id": "en-kopiti-sla-pro-verb-yUrQtXsL",
"links": [
[
"stack",
"stack"
],
[
"pile",
"pile"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "nub, tab",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"word": "čepъ"
},
{
"word": "kopti"
},
{
"english": "to dig",
"word": "kopati"
},
{
"english": "spear",
"word": "kopьje"
},
{
"english": "stack",
"word": "kopьna"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*kupiti"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kopiti"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tkl",
"2": "poz-pnp-pro",
"3": "*kopi-ti",
"4": "",
"5": "to be narrow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *kopi-ti (“to be narrow”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "haw",
"2": "ʻōpiki",
"3": "",
"4": "trap"
},
"expansion": "Hawaiian ʻōpiki (“trap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mi",
"2": "kopiti",
"3": "",
"4": "to be closed"
},
"expansion": "Maori kopiti (“to be closed”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *kopi-ti (“to be narrow”). Cognates include Hawaiian ʻōpiki (“trap”) and Maori kopiti (“to be closed”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tkl",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kopiti",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ko‧pi‧ti"
],
"lang": "Tokelauan",
"lang_code": "tkl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tokelauan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "tkl",
"name": "Architecture",
"orig": "tkl:Architecture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"corner"
],
"id": "en-kopiti-tkl-noun-RdInxLKX",
"links": [
[
"corner",
"corner"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko.ˈpi.ti]"
}
],
"word": "kopiti"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kep-",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-iti",
"Proto-Slavic terms with redundant head parameter",
"Proto-Slavic verbs",
"Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-",
"Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm a",
"sla-conj with extra parameters/ap",
"sla-conj with extra parameters/n"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "копя́",
"der": "1",
"t": "to castrate"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Bulgarian: копя́ (kopjá, “to castrate”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly",
"2": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(possibly, archaic)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Bulgarian: копя́ (kopjá, “to castrate”) (possibly, archaic)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kep-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*kа́ptei",
"4": "*kа́p(je)tei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kа́p(je)tei",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kep-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kàpti",
"3": "",
"4": "to chop"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kàpti (“to chop”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κόπτω",
"3": "",
"4": "to beat, to hit"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κόπτω (kóptō, “to beat, to hit”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kopati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kopati",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Pre-Slavic, reflecting Proto-Balto-Slavic *kа́p(je)tei, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep-. Cognate with Lithuanian kàpti (“to chop”), Ancient Greek κόπτω (kóptō, “to beat, to hit”). Superseded by Proto-Slavic *kopati by time of Late Common Slavic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľenьje",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "kopiti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kopitъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "kopilъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"l-participle"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľenъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kopimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kopę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kopixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopiši",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopitь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopixově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kopita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopixomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kopiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopišę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kopite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopętь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaxově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaašeta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kopita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaxomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaxǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kopite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "-1",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kopiti",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "skopiti"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of *skopiti"
],
"links": [
[
"*skopiti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/skopiti"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"imperfective",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kopiti"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kep-",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-iti",
"Proto-Slavic terms with redundant head parameter",
"Proto-Slavic verbs",
"Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-",
"sla-conj with extra parameters/n"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "копити"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: копити (kopiti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: копити (kopiti)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "капі́ць"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: капі́ць (kapícʹ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: капі́ць (kapícʹ) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "копи́ть"
},
"expansion": "Russian: копи́ть (kopítʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: копи́ть (kopítʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "копи́ти"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: копи́ти (kopýty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: копи́ти (kopýty)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "копя́",
"qq": "dialectal",
"t": "to amass"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: копя́ (kopjá, “to amass”) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: копя́ (kopjá, “to amass”) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ко̀пити",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ко̀пити",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ко̀пити"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kòpiti",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: kòpiti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: kòpiti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "kopiti"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: kopiti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: kopiti (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kopiti"
},
"expansion": "Czech: kopiti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: kopiti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kopić"
},
"expansion": "Polish: kopić",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Polish: kopić (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "kôpic"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: kôpic",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: kôpic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "kopiť"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: kopiť",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: kopiť"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kopić"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kopić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: kopić"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "kopiś"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kopiś",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: kopiś"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kep-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kopa",
"3": "*-iti",
"t1": "pile, bulk"
},
"expansion": "*kopa (“pile, bulk”) + *-iti",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kep-",
"4": "",
"5": "to grave, to strike"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep- (“to grave, to strike”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Denominal causative from *kopa (“pile, bulk”) + *-iti, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep- (“to grave, to strike”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "?",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľenьje",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "kopiti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kopitъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "kopilъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"l-participle"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "?",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľenъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kopimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kopę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "?",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kopixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopiši",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopitь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopixově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kopita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopixomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kopiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopišę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kopite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopętь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kopi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaxově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaašeta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kopita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaxomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopľaaxǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kopimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kopite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "-1"
},
"name": "sla-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kopiti",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"english": "nub, tab",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"word": "čepъ"
},
{
"word": "kopti"
},
{
"english": "to dig",
"word": "kopati"
},
{
"english": "spear",
"word": "kopьje"
},
{
"english": "stack",
"word": "kopьna"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to stack, to pile"
],
"links": [
[
"stack",
"stack"
],
[
"pile",
"pile"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*kupiti"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kopiti"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tkl",
"2": "poz-pnp-pro",
"3": "*kopi-ti",
"4": "",
"5": "to be narrow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *kopi-ti (“to be narrow”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "haw",
"2": "ʻōpiki",
"3": "",
"4": "trap"
},
"expansion": "Hawaiian ʻōpiki (“trap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mi",
"2": "kopiti",
"3": "",
"4": "to be closed"
},
"expansion": "Maori kopiti (“to be closed”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *kopi-ti (“to be narrow”). Cognates include Hawaiian ʻōpiki (“trap”) and Maori kopiti (“to be closed”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tkl",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kopiti",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ko‧pi‧ti"
],
"lang": "Tokelauan",
"lang_code": "tkl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Tokelauan entries with incorrect language header",
"Tokelauan lemmas",
"Tokelauan nouns",
"Tokelauan terms derived from Proto-Nuclear Polynesian",
"Tokelauan terms inherited from Proto-Nuclear Polynesian",
"Tokelauan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"tkl:Architecture"
],
"glosses": [
"corner"
],
"links": [
[
"corner",
"corner"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko.ˈpi.ti]"
}
],
"word": "kopiti"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kopiti meaning in All languages combined (17.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (4ba5975 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.