See kloof on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kloof meaning in All languages combined (11.5kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "kloof",
"4": "",
"5": "ravine"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kloof (“ravine”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clove"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of clove",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dutch kloof (“ravine”) (South Africa). Doublet of clove.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kloofs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kloof (plural kloofs)",
"name": "en-noun"
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],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
{
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"Entry maintenance"
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"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "South African English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "en:Landforms",
"parents": [
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"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kloofing"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1901, William Thomas Black, The Fish River bush, South Africa, and its wild animals",
"text": "Forming the south boundary of the valley is a range of disrupted bushy hills, with intervening deep and rugged kloofs and ravines, which constituted the retreat of Jan Pockbaas and his rebel banditti.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1948, Alan Paton, chapter 1, in Cry, the Beloved Country, New York: Scribner, published 1987",
"text": "The grass is rich and matted, you cannot see the soil. It holds the rain and the mist, and they seep into the ground, feeding the streams in every kloof.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1978, André Brink, Rumours of Rain, Vintage, published 2000, page 172",
"text": "Occasionally the narrow dirt road rose above the mist on the slopes of the high round hills, from where one looked down on the silver clouds in the valleys and kloofs below, a magical, incredible sight.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A deep glen or ravine."
],
"id": "en-kloof-en-noun-ZT8vnF98",
"links": [
[
"glen",
"glen"
],
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(South Africa) A deep glen or ravine."
],
"tags": [
"South-Africa"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kluf/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-kloof.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kloof.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kloof.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kloof.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kloof.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "kloof"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "kloof"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kloof",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "dum",
"3": "clove"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch clove",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch kloof, from Middle Dutch clove.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "klowe",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "klowe",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f2request": "1",
"f5accel-form": "diminutive",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kloof (plural klowe)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "klowe"
},
"expansion": "kloof (plural klowe)",
"name": "af-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"gap, split"
],
"id": "en-kloof-af-noun-4VrzHsre",
"links": [
[
"gap",
"gap"
],
[
"split",
"split"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 79 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
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"_dis": "3 86 11",
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"Nature",
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"Lemmas"
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}
],
"glosses": [
"ravine, gorge, glen"
],
"id": "en-kloof-af-noun-Gk3JhP44",
"links": [
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
],
[
"gorge",
"gorge"
],
[
"glen",
"glen"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kluəf/"
}
],
"word": "kloof"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "kloven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kloven",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch kloven.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kloof",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "klowende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gekloof",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klowende"
},
"expansion": "kloof (present kloof, present participle klowende, past participle gekloof)",
"name": "af-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to split, to cleave"
],
"id": "en-kloof-af-verb-QqjU7WGM",
"links": [
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"cleave",
"cleave"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kluəf/"
}
],
"word": "kloof"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "kloof"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: kloof",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: kloof"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kloof",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: kloof",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: kloof"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "kloof",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: kloof",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dated"
},
"expansion": "(dated)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: kloof (dated)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "clove"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch clove",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*klubō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *klubō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*klubô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *klubô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kleubaną",
"3": "",
"4": "to split, cleave"
},
"expansion": "*kleubaną (“to split, cleave”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Klobe"
},
"expansion": "German Klobe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kloben"
},
"expansion": "Kloben",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "khlóop"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian khlóop",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch clove, from Proto-West Germanic *klubō, from Proto-Germanic *klubô, related to *kleubaną (“to split, cleave”). Cognate with German Klobe, Kloben, Cimbrian khlóop.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kloven",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kloofje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-ven",
"3": "kloofje"
},
"expansion": "kloof f (plural kloven, diminutive kloofje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "kloofdal"
},
{
"word": "taalkloof"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gap, gorge, ravine"
],
"id": "en-kloof-nl-noun-0xf~PLZk",
"links": [
[
"gap",
"gap"
],
[
"gorge",
"gorge"
],
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "klieven"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kloːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kloof.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/Nl-kloof.ogg/Nl-kloof.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Nl-kloof.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:kloof"
],
"word": "kloof"
}
{
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
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"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "kloof",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 56 26 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 40 19 6 6",
"kind": "place",
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}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kloven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of kloven:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-kloof-nl-verb-VvANqMQD",
"links": [
[
"kloven",
"kloven#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of kloven:\n"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kloven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of kloven:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
"imperative"
],
"id": "en-kloof-nl-verb-ejtSEg6P",
"links": [
[
"kloven",
"kloven#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of kloven:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kloːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kloof.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/Nl-kloof.ogg/Nl-kloof.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Nl-kloof.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
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],
"word": "kloof"
}
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
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"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "kloof",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "klieven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular past indicative of klieven"
],
"id": "en-kloof-nl-verb-O7m6DHec",
"links": [
[
"klieven",
"klieven#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kloːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kloof.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/Nl-kloof.ogg/Nl-kloof.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Nl-kloof.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
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],
"word": "kloof"
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"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
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],
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"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "kloof",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kluiven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular past indicative of kluiven"
],
"id": "en-kloof-nl-verb-3p1e2ezf",
"links": [
[
"kluiven",
"kluiven#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kloːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kloof.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/Nl-kloof.ogg/Nl-kloof.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Nl-kloof.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:kloof"
],
"word": "kloof"
}
{
"categories": [
"Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"Afrikaans lemmas",
"Afrikaans nouns",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Afrikaans terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *glewbʰ-",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms with IPA pronunciation",
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},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "kloof"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kloof",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "dum",
"3": "clove"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch clove",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch kloof, from Middle Dutch clove.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "klowe",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "klowe",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f2request": "1",
"f5accel-form": "diminutive",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kloof (plural klowe)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "klowe"
},
"expansion": "kloof (plural klowe)",
"name": "af-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"gap, split"
],
"links": [
[
"gap",
"gap"
],
[
"split",
"split"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ravine, gorge, glen"
],
"links": [
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
],
[
"gorge",
"gorge"
],
[
"glen",
"glen"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kluəf/"
}
],
"word": "kloof"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Afrikaans lemmas",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Afrikaans verbs",
"af:Landforms",
"nl:Landforms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "kloven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kloven",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch kloven.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kloof",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "klowende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gekloof",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klowende"
},
"expansion": "kloof (present kloof, present participle klowende, past participle gekloof)",
"name": "af-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to split, to cleave"
],
"links": [
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"cleave",
"cleave"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kluəf/"
}
],
"word": "kloof"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Dutch feminine nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *glewbʰ-",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːf",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːf/1 syllable",
"nl:Landforms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kloofdal"
},
{
"word": "taalkloof"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "kloof"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: kloof",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: kloof"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kloof",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: kloof",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: kloof"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "kloof",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: kloof",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dated"
},
"expansion": "(dated)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: kloof (dated)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "clove"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch clove",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*klubō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *klubō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*klubô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *klubô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kleubaną",
"3": "",
"4": "to split, cleave"
},
"expansion": "*kleubaną (“to split, cleave”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Klobe"
},
"expansion": "German Klobe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kloben"
},
"expansion": "Kloben",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "khlóop"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian khlóop",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch clove, from Proto-West Germanic *klubō, from Proto-Germanic *klubô, related to *kleubaną (“to split, cleave”). Cognate with German Klobe, Kloben, Cimbrian khlóop.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kloven",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kloofje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-ven",
"3": "kloofje"
},
"expansion": "kloof f (plural kloven, diminutive kloofje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "klieven"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"gap, gorge, ravine"
],
"links": [
[
"gap",
"gap"
],
[
"gorge",
"gorge"
],
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kloːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kloof.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/Nl-kloof.ogg/Nl-kloof.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Nl-kloof.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:kloof"
],
"word": "kloof"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːf",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːf/1 syllable",
"nl:Landforms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "kloof",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kloven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of kloven:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"kloven",
"kloven#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of kloven:\n"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kloven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of kloven:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
"imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"kloven",
"kloven#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of kloven:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kloːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kloof.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/Nl-kloof.ogg/Nl-kloof.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Nl-kloof.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:kloof"
],
"word": "kloof"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːf",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːf/1 syllable",
"nl:Landforms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "kloof",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "klieven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular past indicative of klieven"
],
"links": [
[
"klieven",
"klieven#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kloːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kloof.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/Nl-kloof.ogg/Nl-kloof.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Nl-kloof.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:kloof"
],
"word": "kloof"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːf",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːf/1 syllable",
"nl:Landforms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "kloof",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kluiven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular past indicative of kluiven"
],
"links": [
[
"kluiven",
"kluiven#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kloːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kloof.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/Nl-kloof.ogg/Nl-kloof.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Nl-kloof.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:kloof"
],
"word": "kloof"
}
{
"categories": [
"nl:Landforms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kloofing"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "kloof",
"4": "",
"5": "ravine"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kloof (“ravine”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clove"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of clove",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dutch kloof (“ravine”) (South Africa). Doublet of clove.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kloofs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kloof (plural kloofs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *glewbʰ-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"South African English",
"en:Landforms"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1901, William Thomas Black, The Fish River bush, South Africa, and its wild animals",
"text": "Forming the south boundary of the valley is a range of disrupted bushy hills, with intervening deep and rugged kloofs and ravines, which constituted the retreat of Jan Pockbaas and his rebel banditti.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1948, Alan Paton, chapter 1, in Cry, the Beloved Country, New York: Scribner, published 1987",
"text": "The grass is rich and matted, you cannot see the soil. It holds the rain and the mist, and they seep into the ground, feeding the streams in every kloof.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1978, André Brink, Rumours of Rain, Vintage, published 2000, page 172",
"text": "Occasionally the narrow dirt road rose above the mist on the slopes of the high round hills, from where one looked down on the silver clouds in the valleys and kloofs below, a magical, incredible sight.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A deep glen or ravine."
],
"links": [
[
"glen",
"glen"
],
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(South Africa) A deep glen or ravine."
],
"tags": [
"South-Africa"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kluf/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-kloof.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kloof.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kloof.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kloof.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kloof.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "kloof"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.