See guna on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "गुण",
"4": "",
"5": "quality",
"tr": "guṇá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गुण (guṇá, “quality”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit गुण (guṇá, “quality”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gunas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "guna (countable and uncountable, plural gunas)",
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}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "en:Linguistics",
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"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
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}
],
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"A lengthening of the simple vowels a, i, u, by prefixing an a element."
],
"id": "en-guna-en-noun-0JoQq35Z",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
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[
"lengthen",
"lengthen"
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[
"vowel",
"vowel"
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[
"prefix",
"prefix"
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[
"element",
"element"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Sanskrit linguistics) A lengthening of the simple vowels a, i, u, by prefixing an a element."
],
"tags": [
"Sanskrit",
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
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{
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"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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],
"glosses": [
"In Hindu philosophy, any of the three fundamental operating principles or tendencies of prakṛti (universal nature): sattva, rajas, and tamas."
],
"id": "en-guna-en-noun-dAinguGJ",
"links": [
[
"Hindu",
"Hindu"
],
[
"philosophy",
"philosophy"
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[
"sattva",
"sattva"
],
[
"rajas",
"rajas"
],
[
"tamas",
"tamas"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) In Hindu philosophy, any of the three fundamental operating principles or tendencies of prakṛti (universal nature): sattva, rajas, and tamas."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡʊnə/"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rop",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Australian Kriol",
"lang_code": "rop",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 38 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Australian Kriol entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 2 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "rop",
"name": "Feces",
"orig": "rop:Feces",
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"Body",
"Toilet (room)",
"All topics",
"Hygiene",
"Rooms",
"Fundamental",
"Health",
"Buildings and structures",
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"Society"
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feces"
],
"id": "en-guna-rop-noun-R7Zz4IEX",
"links": [
[
"feces",
"feces"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 38 24",
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"name": "Australian Kriol entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"anus"
],
"id": "en-guna-rop-noun-c33RvKId",
"links": [
[
"anus",
"anus"
]
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rop",
"2": "verb"
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"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
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],
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"lang_code": "rop",
"pos": "verb",
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 38 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Australian Kriol entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to defecate"
],
"id": "en-guna-rop-verb--7oC01Ui",
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[
"defecate",
"defecate"
]
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ban",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "ban-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Balinese",
"lang_code": "ban",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ᬕᬸᬡ"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Balinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Balinese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Balinese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 18 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of ᬕᬸᬡ"
],
"id": "en-guna-ban-romanization-f21y1WbX",
"links": [
[
"ᬕᬸᬡ",
"ᬕᬸᬡ#Balinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gunâ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gunâ",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "gunâ (Basahan spelling ᜄᜓᜈ)",
"name": "bcl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gu‧na"
],
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bikol Central entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bikol Central terms with Basahan script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bikol Central terms with missing Basahan script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Naga Bikol Central",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 18 entries",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hen"
],
"id": "en-guna-bcl-noun-1EoI3jmB",
"links": [
[
"hen",
"hen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Naga) hen"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "dumaraga"
},
{
"word": "lalong"
},
{
"word": "manok"
},
{
"word": "siwo"
},
{
"word": "siyo"
},
{
"word": "sulog"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gunakan"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡuˈnaʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡuˈn̪aʔ]"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
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],
"hyphenation": [
"gu‧na"
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 37",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ceb",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "ceb:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a type of bolo knife, shorter and smaller than a sundang and with a blunt point, primarily used for weeding, digging and loosening the soil around plants"
],
"id": "en-guna-ceb-noun-n-1CZ1eJ",
"links": [
[
"bolo",
"bolo"
],
[
"knife",
"knife"
],
[
"sundang",
"sundang"
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[
"blunt",
"blunt"
],
[
"weeding",
"weeding"
],
[
"digging",
"digging"
],
[
"loosening",
"loosening"
],
[
"soil",
"soil"
],
[
"plants",
"plants"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡuna/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡu.n̪ɐ]"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "verb"
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"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
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"gu‧na"
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to weed, dig or loosen the soil using a guna"
],
"id": "en-guna-ceb-verb-3TMkIR8O",
"links": [
[
"weed",
"weed"
],
[
"dig",
"dig"
],
[
"loosen",
"loosen"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡuna/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡu.n̪ɐ]"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "滾啊",
"2": "gǔn a",
"3": "go away, go to hell"
},
"expansion": "滾啊 (gǔn a, “go away, go to hell”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pinyin transcription of the phrase 滾啊 (gǔn a, “go away, go to hell”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "intj",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese euphemisms",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 18 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"go away; get lost; GTFO"
],
"id": "en-guna-zh-intj-gdQhwz7L",
"links": [
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"go away",
"go away"
],
[
"get lost",
"get lost"
],
[
"GTFO",
"GTFO"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Mandarin, Internet slang, humorous, euphemistic) go away; get lost; GTFO"
],
"tags": [
"Internet",
"Mandarin",
"euphemistic",
"humorous"
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kld",
"2": "aus-cww-pro",
"3": "*gunang"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Central New South Wales *gunang",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kld",
"2": "aus-pam-pro",
"3": "*kuna"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Pama-Nyungan *kuna",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Central New South Wales *gunang, from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *kuna.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kld",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Gamilaraay",
"lang_code": "kld",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gamilaraay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"excrement, faeces, shit"
],
"id": "en-guna-kld-noun-uTL-C2gk",
"links": [
[
"excrement",
"excrement"
],
[
"faeces",
"faeces"
],
[
"shit",
"shit"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡuna/"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gute Nacht"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 18 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Abbreviation of gute Nacht."
],
"id": "en-guna-de-intj-NYTIh7In",
"links": [
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"text messaging",
"text messaging"
],
[
"gute Nacht",
"gute Nacht#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of gute Nacht."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "gumo"
}
],
"tags": [
"Internet",
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gunā̀",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "gunōnī",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunàr̃",
"tags": [
"possessed-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "gunā̀",
"3": "gunōnī"
},
"expansion": "gunā̀ f (plural gunōnī, possessed form gunàr̃)",
"name": "ha-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Hausa",
"lang_code": "ha",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "77 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hausa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "70 15 16",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ha",
"name": "Fruits",
"orig": "ha:Fruits",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Plants",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Lifeforms",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tsamma (a bitter melon, Citrullus lanatus)"
],
"id": "en-guna-ha-noun-bVTQt1FE",
"links": [
[
"tsamma",
"tsamma"
],
[
"Citrullus lanatus",
"Citrullus lanatus#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An epithet for someone who is not as strong as expected."
],
"id": "en-guna-ha-noun-yeoeqDFB"
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A girl who is physically mature with developed breasts."
],
"id": "en-guna-ha-noun-6R30~~3m",
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) A girl who is physically mature with developed breasts."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡú.nàː/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʷʊ́.nàː]",
"note": "Standard Kano Hausa"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iba",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Iban",
"lang_code": "iba",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"usage"
],
"id": "en-guna-iba-noun-Ck5MKUMu",
"links": [
[
"usage",
"usage"
]
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iba",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Iban",
"lang_code": "iba",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 5 2 9 12 12 2 2 1 28 1 2 1 8 1 2 1 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 18 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 5 1 9 10 12 1 1 1 32 0 2 1 10 0 1 1 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 99",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Iban entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "..., many jobs need digital skillfulness.",
"text": "..., mayuh pengawa begunaka pengelandik dalam digital.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"of use, wanted, needed, of benefit."
],
"id": "en-guna-iba-verb-SfI~d~3w"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "berguna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "berkegunaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kegunaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ketergunaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "mempergunakan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "menggunakan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pengguna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "penggunaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "seguna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tergunakan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "guna",
"t": "usage"
},
"expansion": "Malay guna (“usage”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms-cla",
"3": "guna"
},
"expansion": "Classical Malay guna",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "sa",
"3": "गुण",
"t": "use"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “use”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay guna (“usage”), from Classical Malay guna, from Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “use”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gunaku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "gunamu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gunanya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "guna (first-person possessive gunaku, second-person possessive gunamu, third-person possessive gunanya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gu‧na"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "mandraguna"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"benefit"
],
"id": "en-guna-id-noun-6XRpYZwN",
"links": [
[
"benefit",
"benefit"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"sense": "benefit",
"word": "faedah"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"sense": "benefit",
"word": "manfaat"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"sense": "benefit",
"word": "maslahat"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"purpose, function"
],
"id": "en-guna-id-noun-tGYMGsbu",
"links": [
[
"purpose",
"purpose"
],
[
"function",
"function"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"sense": "function",
"word": "fungsi"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"goodness"
],
"id": "en-guna-id-noun-cVNux7N1",
"links": [
[
"goodness",
"goodness"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 99",
"sense": "goodness",
"word": "budi baik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 99",
"sense": "goodness",
"word": "kebaikan"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡuna/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-na"
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "pre-1947",
"word": "goena"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "guna",
"t": "usage"
},
"expansion": "Malay guna (“usage”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms-cla",
"3": "guna"
},
"expansion": "Classical Malay guna",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "sa",
"3": "गुण",
"t": "use"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “use”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay guna (“usage”), from Classical Malay guna, from Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “use”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gu‧na"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 11 4 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 34 10 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 17 6 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"for"
],
"id": "en-guna-id-prep-EMIrz0x2",
"links": [
[
"for",
"for"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bagi"
},
{
"word": "untuk"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡuna/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-na"
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "jv-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Javanese",
"lang_code": "jv",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ꦒꦸꦤ"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 18 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of ꦒꦸꦤ"
],
"id": "en-guna-jv-romanization-uuqNR3rt",
"links": [
[
"ꦒꦸꦤ",
"ꦒꦸꦤ#Javanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klw",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Lindu",
"lang_code": "klw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lindu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 18 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"use; purpose"
],
"id": "en-guna-klw-noun-BhNY6xkQ",
"links": [
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"purpose",
"purpose"
]
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "berguna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "gunaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kebergunaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kegunaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kepenggunaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "mempergunakan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "menggunakan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pengguna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "penggunaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pergunaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "seguna"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "guna"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: guna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: guna"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "sa",
"3": "गुण",
"t": "use"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “use”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “use”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ݢونا",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "guna-guna",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunaku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"informal",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "gunamu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gunanya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ݢونا"
},
"expansion": "guna (Jawi spelling ݢونا, plural guna-guna, informal 1st possessive gunaku, 2nd possessive gunamu, 3rd possessive gunanya)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"benefit"
],
"id": "en-guna-ms-noun-6XRpYZwN",
"links": [
[
"benefit",
"benefit"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "faedah"
},
{
"word": "manfaat"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 30 17 13 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"function, use"
],
"id": "en-guna-ms-noun-yhzBt1ep",
"links": [
[
"function",
"function"
],
[
"use",
"use"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fungsi"
},
{
"word": "peranan"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 30 17 13 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"goodness, kindness"
],
"id": "en-guna-ms-noun-xKOkrENv",
"links": [
[
"goodness",
"goodness"
],
[
"kindness",
"kindness"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "budi baik"
},
{
"word": "kebaikan"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡuna/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡunə]",
"note": "Johor-Riau"
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "sa",
"3": "गुण",
"t": "use"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “use”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “use”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ݢونا",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ݢونا"
},
"expansion": "guna (Jawi spelling ݢونا)",
"name": "ms-prep"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 9 3 74 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 33 9 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 30 17 13 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"for"
],
"id": "en-guna-ms-prep-EMIrz0x2",
"links": [
[
"for",
"for"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bagi"
},
{
"word": "untuk"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡuna/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡunə]",
"note": "Johor-Riau"
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "menggunakan"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of menggunakan",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of menggunakan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ݢونا",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ݢونا"
},
"expansion": "guna (Jawi spelling ݢونا)",
"name": "ms-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 30 17 13 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I usually use my phone here just to call my parents.",
"text": "Aku guna fon aku ni hanya untuk menelefon mak ayah aku selalunya.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to use"
],
"id": "en-guna-ms-verb-1sSLc2ib",
"links": [
[
"use",
"use"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) to use"
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡuna/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡunə]",
"note": "Johor-Riau"
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "en",
"3": "goon"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English goon",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English goon.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gunas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "guna m (plural gunas)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gu‧na"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "European Portuguese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 18 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese nouns with irregular gender",
"parents": [
"Nouns with irregular gender",
"Irregular nouns",
"Nouns by inflection type",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "andar à guna"
},
{
"word": "gunada"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a chav (relating to a youth from a working class background, aggressive with poor education)"
],
"id": "en-guna-pt-noun-E1rC7ptb",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"chav",
"chav"
]
],
"qualifier": "Porto",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Portugal, Porto, colloquial, derogatory) a chav (relating to a youth from a working class background, aggressive with poor education)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mitra"
}
],
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"colloquial",
"derogatory",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡũ.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡũ.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡu.na/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡu.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gunas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "guna f (plural gunas)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gu‧na"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 18 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Hinduism",
"orig": "es:Hinduism",
"parents": [
"India",
"Religion",
"Asia",
"Culture",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"guna"
],
"id": "en-guna-es-noun-tlTzcmpB",
"links": [
[
"Hinduism",
"Hinduism"
],
[
"guna",
"guna#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Hinduism) guna"
],
"tags": [
"Hinduism",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡuna/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡu.na]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-una"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-guna",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kuguna",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kuguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kutoguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "guna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guneni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "huguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -liguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -kuguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ninaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "naguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tunaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "unaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mnaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "anaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wanaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -naguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "siguni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hatuguni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "huguni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hamguni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "haguni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hawaguni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -guni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -taguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -taguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nigune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tugune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ugune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mgune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "agune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wagune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -gune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -sigune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngeguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singeguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngaliguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singaliguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "naguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mwaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "laguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vyaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "paguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mwaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -meguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -meshaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"already-form"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -jaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"not-yet-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kiguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-when-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -sipoguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-not-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kaguna / positive subject concord + -kaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kagune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-niguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kuguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-waguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kuguneni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-waguneni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-mguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-waguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-iguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-liguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-yaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kiguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-viguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-iguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ziguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kuguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-paguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-muguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -guna- + relative marker)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunaye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunacho",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunavyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunazo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunako",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunapo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunamo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -guna)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yeguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-oguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-oguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yoguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-loguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yoguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-choguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-vyoguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yoguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-zoguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-oguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-koguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-poguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-moguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-guna (infinitive kuguna)",
"name": "sw-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sw-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 18 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to moan, grunt"
],
"id": "en-guna-sw-verb-KU8vHw5f",
"links": [
[
"moan",
"moan"
],
[
"grunt",
"grunt"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-guna.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3d/Sw-ke-guna.flac/Sw-ke-guna.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3d/Sw-ke-guna.flac/Sw-ke-guna.flac.ogg"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"etymology_text": "From Persian گناه (gonâh).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{pl}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1sc": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "zza-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Zazaki",
"lang_code": "zza",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 18 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zazaki entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sin"
],
"id": "en-guna-zza-noun-zMxox5KO",
"links": [
[
"sin",
"sin"
]
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "гуня"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: гуня (hunja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: гуня (hunja)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "гу́на",
"3": "гу́ня"
},
"expansion": "Russian: гу́на (gúna), гу́ня (gúnja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: гу́на (gúna), гу́ня (gúnja)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "гу́ня"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: гу́ня (húnja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: гу́ня (húnja)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "гу́на",
"3": "гу́ня"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: гу́на (gúna), гу́ня (gúnja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: гу́на (gúna), гу́ня (gúnja)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "гуна",
"3": "гуња"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: гуна (guna), гуња (gunja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: гуна (guna), гуња (gunja)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "gȗnj//гу̑њ",
"3": "gȕnja//гу̏ња"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: gȗnj／гу̑њ, gȕnja／гу̏ња",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian: gȗnj／гу̑њ, gȕnja／гу̏ња"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "gúnj"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: gúnj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: gúnj"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "húně"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: húně",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: húně"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "houně",
"3": "houň",
"4": "huňa",
"5": "guňa",
"q3": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Czech: houně, houň, (dialectal) huňa, guňa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: houně, houň, (dialectal) huňa, guňa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gunia"
},
"expansion": "Polish: gunia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: gunia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "gunia"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: gunia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: gunia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "huňa"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: huňa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: huňa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "huňa"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: huňa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: huňa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "gunë",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: gunë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: gunë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "gunã",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aromanian: gunã",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aromanian: gunã"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "gúnya",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: gúnya",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: gúnya"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gkm",
"2": "γούνα",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Byzantine Greek: γούνα (goúna)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Byzantine Greek: γούνα (goúna) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "gunna",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Latin: gunna",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Latin: gunna (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*gawnám",
"t": "hair; colour"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *gawnám (“hair; colour”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "گون",
"t": "colour",
"tr": "gun"
},
"expansion": "Persian گون (gun, “colour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬔𐬀𐬊𐬥𐬀",
"t": "hair; colour",
"tr": "gaona"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊𐬥𐬀 (gaona, “hair; colour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "хъуын"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian хъуын (qwyn)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "գոյն",
"t": "colour"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian գոյն (goyn, “colour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "καυνάκης"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek καυνάκης (kaunákēs)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "Ἀλογουνη"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Ἀλογουνη (Alogounē)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gew-",
"t": "to bend, curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to bend, curve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kȫn",
"t": "leather, skin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kȫn (“leather, skin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "گون",
"tr": "gön"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish گون (gön)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "gön"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani gön",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "көн"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh көн (kön)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "күн"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir күн (kün)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "كۆن"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur كۆن (kön)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "гён"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk гён (gön)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "кӧн"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai кӧн (kön)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gunė",
"t": "coarse horse blanket"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gunė (“coarse horse blanket”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Iranian *gawnám (“hair; colour”), whence Persian گون (gun, “colour”), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊𐬥𐬀 (gaona, “hair; colour”), Ossetian хъуын (qwyn), гъун (ǧun, “hair”), Old Armenian գոյն (goyn, “colour”) and Ancient Greek καυνάκης (kaunákēs), γαυνάκης (gaunákēs, “thick fur cloack”) and ancient Iranian names Ancient Greek Ἀλογουνη (Alogounē), Ῥοδογουνη (Rhodogounē), Φραταγουνη (Phratagounē). Ultimately of unclear origin, though possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to bend, curve”).\nSimilarity with Proto-Turkic *kȫn (“leather, skin”), whence Ottoman Turkish گون (gön), Azerbaijani gön, Kazakh көн (kön), Bashkir күн (kün), Uyghur كۆن (kön), Kumyk гён (gön), Southern Altai кӧн (kön), is likely coincidental.\nAkin to Lithuanian gunė (“coarse horse blanket”), either a cognate or a descendant.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "guna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "guny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "guny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gunъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "guně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gunama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gunamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "guny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gunǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gunama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gunami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "guně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "gunasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "guno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "guně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "guny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "guna",
"g": "f"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/guna",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Avestan terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"coarse fur clothing"
],
"id": "en-guna-sla-pro-noun-oiMHY27W",
"links": [
[
"fur",
"fur"
],
[
"clothing",
"clothing"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "guňa"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Australian Kriol entries with incorrect language header",
"Australian Kriol lemmas",
"Australian Kriol nouns",
"Australian Kriol verbs",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"rop:Feces"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rop",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Australian Kriol",
"lang_code": "rop",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"feces"
],
"links": [
[
"feces",
"feces"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"anus"
],
"links": [
[
"anus",
"anus"
]
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Australian Kriol entries with incorrect language header",
"Australian Kriol lemmas",
"Australian Kriol nouns",
"Australian Kriol verbs",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"rop:Feces"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rop",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Australian Kriol",
"lang_code": "rop",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to defecate"
],
"links": [
[
"defecate",
"defecate"
]
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ban",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "ban-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Balinese",
"lang_code": "ban",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ᬕᬸᬡ"
}
],
"categories": [
"Balinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Balinese non-lemma forms",
"Balinese romanizations",
"Balinese terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of ᬕᬸᬡ"
],
"links": [
[
"ᬕᬸᬡ",
"ᬕᬸᬡ#Balinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gunâ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gunâ",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "gunâ (Basahan spelling ᜄᜓᜈ)",
"name": "bcl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gu‧na"
],
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "dumaraga"
},
{
"word": "lalong"
},
{
"word": "manok"
},
{
"word": "siwo"
},
{
"word": "siyo"
},
{
"word": "sulog"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bikol Central entries with incorrect language header",
"Bikol Central lemmas",
"Bikol Central nouns",
"Bikol Central terms with Basahan script",
"Bikol Central terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Bikol Central terms with missing Basahan script entries",
"Naga Bikol Central",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"hen"
],
"links": [
[
"hen",
"hen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Naga) hen"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gunakan"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡuˈnaʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡuˈn̪aʔ]"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"Cebuano lemmas",
"Cebuano nouns",
"Cebuano terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Cebuano verbs",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ceb:Tools"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gu‧na"
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a type of bolo knife, shorter and smaller than a sundang and with a blunt point, primarily used for weeding, digging and loosening the soil around plants"
],
"links": [
[
"bolo",
"bolo"
],
[
"knife",
"knife"
],
[
"sundang",
"sundang"
],
[
"blunt",
"blunt"
],
[
"weeding",
"weeding"
],
[
"digging",
"digging"
],
[
"loosening",
"loosening"
],
[
"soil",
"soil"
],
[
"plants",
"plants"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡuna/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡu.n̪ɐ]"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"Cebuano lemmas",
"Cebuano nouns",
"Cebuano terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Cebuano verbs",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ceb:Tools"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gu‧na"
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to weed, dig or loosen the soil using a guna"
],
"links": [
[
"weed",
"weed"
],
[
"dig",
"dig"
],
[
"loosen",
"loosen"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡuna/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡu.n̪ɐ]"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "滾啊",
"2": "gǔn a",
"3": "go away, go to hell"
},
"expansion": "滾啊 (gǔn a, “go away, go to hell”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pinyin transcription of the phrase 滾啊 (gǔn a, “go away, go to hell”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese euphemisms",
"Chinese humorous terms",
"Chinese interjections",
"Chinese internet slang",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Mandarin Chinese",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"go away; get lost; GTFO"
],
"links": [
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"go away",
"go away"
],
[
"get lost",
"get lost"
],
[
"GTFO",
"GTFO"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Mandarin, Internet slang, humorous, euphemistic) go away; get lost; GTFO"
],
"tags": [
"Internet",
"Mandarin",
"euphemistic",
"humorous"
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"English terms derived from Sanskrit",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "गुण",
"4": "",
"5": "quality",
"tr": "guṇá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गुण (guṇá, “quality”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
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}
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"linguistics"
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[
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"lengthen"
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[
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{
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"Hindu",
"Hindu"
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[
"philosophy",
"philosophy"
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"sattva",
"sattva"
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"rajas"
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[
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"tamas"
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"tags": [
"countable"
]
}
],
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],
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}
{
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{
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],
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{
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"2": "noun"
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"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
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"excrement"
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[
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"faeces"
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[
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"shit"
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],
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}
{
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"2": "interjection"
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],
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"pos": "intj",
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"word": "gumo"
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"Pages with entries"
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"Internet"
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[
"slang",
"slang"
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[
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"text messaging"
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[
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"gute Nacht#German"
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"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
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}
],
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}
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"Pages with entries",
"ha:Fruits"
],
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"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
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},
{
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"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunàr̃",
"tags": [
"possessed-form"
]
}
],
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],
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"pos": "noun",
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{
"glosses": [
"tsamma (a bitter melon, Citrullus lanatus)"
],
"links": [
[
"tsamma",
"tsamma"
],
[
"Citrullus lanatus",
"Citrullus lanatus#Translingual"
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An epithet for someone who is not as strong as expected."
]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
"glosses": [
"A girl who is physically mature with developed breasts."
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡú.nàː/"
},
{
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],
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}
{
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"Iban verbs",
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"Pages with entries"
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"2": "noun"
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{
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"usage"
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"links": [
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"usage"
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}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
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"Pages with entries"
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{
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"name": "head"
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{
"categories": [
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{
"english": "..., many jobs need digital skillfulness.",
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"type": "example"
}
],
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"of use, wanted, needed, of benefit."
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian prepositions",
"Indonesian terms derived from Classical Malay",
"Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
"Indonesian terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Classical Malay",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 18 entries",
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"Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/a",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/a/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/na",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/na/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "berguna"
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{
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{
"word": "kegunaan"
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{
"word": "ketergunaan"
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{
"word": "mempergunakan"
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{
"word": "menggunakan"
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{
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{
"word": "penggunaan"
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{
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{
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{
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}
],
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{
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"first-person",
"possessive"
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{
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"second-person"
]
},
{
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"third-person"
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}
],
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{
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{
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"benefit"
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]
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{
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"purpose"
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[
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"function"
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]
},
{
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"goodness"
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"links": [
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"goodness",
"goodness"
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]
}
],
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{
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{
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],
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"alt": "pre-1947",
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{
"sense": "benefit",
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{
"sense": "benefit",
"word": "manfaat"
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{
"sense": "benefit",
"word": "maslahat"
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{
"sense": "function",
"word": "fungsi"
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{
"sense": "goodness",
"word": "budi baik"
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{
"sense": "goodness",
"word": "kebaikan"
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"word": "guna"
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{
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"Indonesian terms derived from Sanskrit",
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],
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{
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],
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{
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"for"
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"for"
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],
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{
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{
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],
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{
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],
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{
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{
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{
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"ꦒꦸꦤ#Javanese"
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],
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}
{
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],
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"use",
"use"
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[
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"purpose"
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]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
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"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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"Rhymes:Malay/a/2 syllables"
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"derived": [
{
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{
"word": "gunaan"
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{
"word": "kebergunaan"
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{
"word": "kegunaan"
},
{
"word": "kepenggunaan"
},
{
"word": "mempergunakan"
},
{
"word": "menggunakan"
},
{
"word": "pengguna"
},
{
"word": "penggunaan"
},
{
"word": "pergunaan"
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{
"word": "seguna"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
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],
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],
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{
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"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “use”).",
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{
"form": "ݢونا",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "guna-guna",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunaku",
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"informal",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "gunamu",
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"possessive",
"second-person"
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},
{
"form": "gunanya",
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"possessive",
"third-person"
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}
],
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{
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],
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{
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"benefit"
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[
"benefit",
"benefit"
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],
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"word": "faedah"
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{
"word": "manfaat"
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
"function, use"
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"links": [
[
"function",
"function"
],
[
"use",
"use"
]
],
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{
"word": "fungsi"
},
{
"word": "peranan"
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
"goodness, kindness"
],
"links": [
[
"goodness",
"goodness"
],
[
"kindness",
"kindness"
]
],
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"word": "budi baik"
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{
"word": "kebaikan"
}
]
}
],
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{
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{
"rhymes": "-a"
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],
"word": "guna"
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"name": "der"
}
],
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}
],
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"for"
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{
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]
}
],
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{
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{
"rhymes": "-a"
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],
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}
{
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"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
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],
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{
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"Jawi"
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}
],
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{
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],
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{
"categories": [
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"Malay terms with usage examples"
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{
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"type": "example"
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],
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"to use"
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[
"use",
"use"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) to use"
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
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{
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{
"ipa": "[ɡunə]",
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{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
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}
{
"derived": [
{
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{
"word": "gunada"
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],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "en",
"3": "goon"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English goon",
"name": "bor+"
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],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English goon.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gunas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "guna m (plural gunas)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gu‧na"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"European Portuguese",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese colloquialisms",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese derogatory terms",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese masculine nouns",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese nouns with irregular gender",
"Portuguese terms borrowed from English",
"Portuguese terms derived from English",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"a chav (relating to a youth from a working class background, aggressive with poor education)"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"chav",
"chav"
]
],
"qualifier": "Porto",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Portugal, Porto, colloquial, derogatory) a chav (relating to a youth from a working class background, aggressive with poor education)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mitra"
}
],
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"colloquial",
"derogatory",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡũ.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡũ.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡu.na/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡu.nɐ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "гуня"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: гуня (hunja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: гуня (hunja)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "гу́на",
"3": "гу́ня"
},
"expansion": "Russian: гу́на (gúna), гу́ня (gúnja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: гу́на (gúna), гу́ня (gúnja)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "гу́ня"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: гу́ня (húnja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: гу́ня (húnja)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "гу́на",
"3": "гу́ня"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: гу́на (gúna), гу́ня (gúnja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: гу́на (gúna), гу́ня (gúnja)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "гуна",
"3": "гуња"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: гуна (guna), гуња (gunja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: гуна (guna), гуња (gunja)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "gȗnj//гу̑њ",
"3": "gȕnja//гу̏ња"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: gȗnj／гу̑њ, gȕnja／гу̏ња",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian: gȗnj／гу̑њ, gȕnja／гу̏ња"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "gúnj"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: gúnj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: gúnj"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "húně"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: húně",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: húně"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "houně",
"3": "houň",
"4": "huňa",
"5": "guňa",
"q3": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Czech: houně, houň, (dialectal) huňa, guňa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: houně, houň, (dialectal) huňa, guňa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gunia"
},
"expansion": "Polish: gunia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: gunia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "gunia"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: gunia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: gunia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "huňa"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: huňa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: huňa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "huňa"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: huňa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: huňa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "gunë",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: gunë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: gunë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "gunã",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aromanian: gunã",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aromanian: gunã"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "gúnya",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: gúnya",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: gúnya"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gkm",
"2": "γούνα",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Byzantine Greek: γούνα (goúna)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Byzantine Greek: γούνα (goúna) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "gunna",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Latin: gunna",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Latin: gunna (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*gawnám",
"t": "hair; colour"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *gawnám (“hair; colour”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "گون",
"t": "colour",
"tr": "gun"
},
"expansion": "Persian گون (gun, “colour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬔𐬀𐬊𐬥𐬀",
"t": "hair; colour",
"tr": "gaona"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊𐬥𐬀 (gaona, “hair; colour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "хъуын"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian хъуын (qwyn)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "գոյն",
"t": "colour"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian գոյն (goyn, “colour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "καυνάκης"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek καυνάκης (kaunákēs)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "Ἀλογουνη"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Ἀλογουνη (Alogounē)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gew-",
"t": "to bend, curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to bend, curve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kȫn",
"t": "leather, skin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kȫn (“leather, skin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "گون",
"tr": "gön"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish گون (gön)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "gön"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani gön",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "көн"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh көн (kön)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "күн"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir күн (kün)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "كۆن"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur كۆن (kön)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "гён"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk гён (gön)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "кӧн"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai кӧн (kön)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gunė",
"t": "coarse horse blanket"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gunė (“coarse horse blanket”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Iranian *gawnám (“hair; colour”), whence Persian گون (gun, “colour”), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊𐬥𐬀 (gaona, “hair; colour”), Ossetian хъуын (qwyn), гъун (ǧun, “hair”), Old Armenian գոյն (goyn, “colour”) and Ancient Greek καυνάκης (kaunákēs), γαυνάκης (gaunákēs, “thick fur cloack”) and ancient Iranian names Ancient Greek Ἀλογουνη (Alogounē), Ῥοδογουνη (Rhodogounē), Φραταγουνη (Phratagounē). Ultimately of unclear origin, though possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to bend, curve”).\nSimilarity with Proto-Turkic *kȫn (“leather, skin”), whence Ottoman Turkish گون (gön), Azerbaijani gön, Kazakh көн (kön), Bashkir күн (kün), Uyghur كۆن (kön), Kumyk гён (gön), Southern Altai кӧн (kön), is likely coincidental.\nAkin to Lithuanian gunė (“coarse horse blanket”), either a cognate or a descendant.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "guna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "guny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "guny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gunъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "guně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gunama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gunamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "guny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gunǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gunama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gunami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "guně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "gunasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "guno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "guně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "guny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "guna",
"g": "f"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/guna",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Avestan terms with redundant transliterations",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Iranian"
],
"glosses": [
"coarse fur clothing"
],
"links": [
[
"fur",
"fur"
],
[
"clothing",
"clothing"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "guňa"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gunas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "guna f (plural gunas)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gu‧na"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Spanish/una",
"Rhymes:Spanish/una/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish feminine nouns",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"es:Hinduism"
],
"glosses": [
"guna"
],
"links": [
[
"Hinduism",
"Hinduism"
],
[
"guna",
"guna#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Hinduism) guna"
],
"tags": [
"Hinduism",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡuna/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡu.na]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-una"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-guna",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kuguna",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kuguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kutoguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "guna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guneni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "huguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -liguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -kuguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ninaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "naguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tunaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "unaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mnaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "anaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wanaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -naguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "siguni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hatuguni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "huguni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hamguni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "haguni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hawaguni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -guni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -taguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -taguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nigune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tugune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ugune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mgune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "agune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wagune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -gune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -sigune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngeguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singeguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngaliguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singaliguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "naguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mwaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "laguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vyaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "waguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "paguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mwaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -meguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -meshaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"already-form"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -jaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"not-yet-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kiguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-when-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -sipoguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-not-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kaguna / positive subject concord + -kaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kagune",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-niguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tuguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kuguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-waguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kuguneni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-waguneni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-mguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-waguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-iguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-liguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-yaguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kiguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-viguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-iguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ziguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kuguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-paguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-muguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-jiguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -guna- + relative marker)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunaye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunacho",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunavyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunazo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunako",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunapo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-gunamo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -guna)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yeguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-oguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-oguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yoguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-loguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yoguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-choguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-vyoguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yoguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-zoguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-oguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-koguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-poguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-moguna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-guna (infinitive kuguna)",
"name": "sw-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sw-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili lemmas",
"Swahili verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to moan, grunt"
],
"links": [
[
"moan",
"moan"
],
[
"grunt",
"grunt"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-guna.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3d/Sw-ke-guna.flac/Sw-ke-guna.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3d/Sw-ke-guna.flac/Sw-ke-guna.flac.ogg"
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
{
"etymology_text": "From Persian گناه (gonâh).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{pl}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1sc": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "guna",
"name": "zza-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Zazaki",
"lang_code": "zza",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zazaki entries with incorrect language header",
"Zazaki lemmas",
"Zazaki nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"sin"
],
"links": [
[
"sin",
"sin"
]
]
}
],
"word": "guna"
}
Download raw JSONL data for guna meaning in All languages combined (47.6kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Basahan spelling ᜄᜓᜈ",
"path": [
"guna"
],
"section": "Bikol Central",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "guna",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Naga",
"path": [
"guna"
],
"section": "Bikol Central",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "guna",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Naga",
"path": [
"guna"
],
"section": "Bikol Central",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "guna",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Swahili is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information., style: background: #eff7ff; border: 1px solid #d0d0d0; text-align: center; line-height: 1.5em;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"guna"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "guna",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.