See dux on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for dux meaning in All languages combined (28.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dux",
"4": "",
"5": "leader"
},
"expansion": "Latin dux (“leader”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "doge",
"3": "duc",
"4": "duke"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of doge, duc, and duke",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin dux (“leader”). Doublet of doge, duc, and duke.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "duxes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+",
"2": "duces"
},
"expansion": "dux (plural duxes or duces)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dux bellorum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "doge"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Australian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "New Zealand English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "61 32 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 26 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 19 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 36 18",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1849, Wilhelm Steven, The History of the High School of Edinburgh, page 191",
"text": "[…]on the motion of Sir John Marjoribanks, Bart., Lord Provost, unanimously resolved, July 27, 1814, “that there be annually presented by the town of Edinburgh to the boy at the head of the Greek class, taught by the rector of the High School, a gold medal of the same value [five guineas] as that annually presented to the dux of the Latin class.”",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1999, Keith Scott, Gareth Evans, page 29",
"text": "He finished the year dux of Form III with an average 90 per cent over eight subjects. The school did not award end-of-year marks in fourth and fifth forms, but Evans′ report for those years shows he passed all subjects in both years and was again dux in Form V.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Roger K. A. Allen, Ballina Boy, page 28",
"text": "This school was where my father had been dux in his senior year in 1937 just as his father had been dux at the Rockhampton Grammar School²⁷ before the turn of the 19th century.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, A. Lydiard, Running to the Top, page 17",
"text": "Quite a few who became national athletic champions were also duxes or top academic pupils at their schools.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The top (male or female) academic student in a school, or in a year of school; the top student in a specified academic discipline."
],
"id": "en-dux-en-noun-MOMnYqV2",
"links": [
[
"school",
"school"
],
[
"year",
"year"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, Australia, New Zealand) The top (male or female) academic student in a school, or in a year of school; the top student in a specified academic discipline."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"North-America"
],
"word": "valedictorian"
}
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand",
"UK"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A high-ranking commander in the Roman army, responsible for more than one legion."
],
"id": "en-dux-en-noun-h9mNdPRs",
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A high-ranking commander in the Roman army, responsible for more than one legion."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "en:Music",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The subject of a fugue, answered by the comes."
],
"id": "en-dux-en-noun-0-u0yqjd",
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"subject",
"subject"
],
[
"fugue",
"fugue"
],
[
"comes",
"comes"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) The subject of a fugue, answered by the comes."
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌks/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌks"
},
{
"homophone": "ducks"
},
{
"audio": "EN-AU ck1 dux.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/EN-AU_ck1_dux.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_dux.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/EN-AU_ck1_dux.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:dux"
],
"word": "dux"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "ru",
"3": "дух"
},
"expansion": "Russian дух (dux)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Russian дух (dux).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "duxu",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dux",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duxu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duxa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duxda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duxdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duxun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "duxum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumuzu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunuzu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarınızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarıma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumuza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunuza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarınıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumuzda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunuzda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarınızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxundan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxundan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumuzdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunuzdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarınızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxundan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumuzun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunuzun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarınızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dux (definite accusative duxu, plural duxlar)",
"name": "az-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "x"
},
"name": "az-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "it takes courage to do this!",
"text": "bunu eləmək üçün dux lazımdır!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I lack the courage to do this",
"text": "buna duxum çatmır",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"courage"
],
"id": "en-dux-az-noun-RJKqvXM~",
"links": [
[
"courage",
"courage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, proscribed) courage"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"vulgar"
],
"word": "göt"
},
{
"word": "cəsarət"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"proscribed"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[duχ]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9292 (aze)-Zardabi Bakuvi-dux.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-dux.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-dux.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-dux.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-dux.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Baku"
],
"text": "Audio (Baku)"
}
],
"word": "dux"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Medieval"
],
"word": "archidux"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Medieval"
],
"word": "condux"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ducātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ēducō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trādux"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Inherited:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "dûs"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: dûs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: dûs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "dûxe",
"3": "Dûxe"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: dûxe, Dûxe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: dûxe, Dûxe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "Doze"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: Doze\n→ English: doge\n→ Italian: doge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: Doze\n→ English: doge\n→ Italian: doge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowed:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δούξ",
"3": "δούκα",
"bor": "1",
"gloss": "leader",
"pos2": "acc.sg."
},
"expansion": "→ Ancient Greek: δούξ (doúx, “leader”), δούκα (doúka, acc.sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ancient Greek: δούξ (doúx, “leader”), δούκα (doúka, acc.sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gkm",
"2": "δούξ",
"3": "δούκα",
"pos2": "acc.sg."
},
"expansion": "Byzantine Greek: δούξ (doúx), δούκα (doúka, acc.sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Byzantine Greek: δούξ (doúx), δούκα (doúka, acc.sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "δούκας",
"gloss": "duke"
},
"expansion": "Greek: δούκας (doúkas, “duke”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: δούκας (doúkas, “duke”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "duca",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: duca\n→ Ottoman Turkish: دوقه (duka)\nTurkish: duka",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: duca\n→ Ottoman Turkish: دوقه (duka)\nTurkish: duka"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "duche",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Friulian: duche",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Friulian: duche"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ducă",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: ducă",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "duce",
"der": "1",
"id": "duke",
"nolb": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? duce",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: ducă ⇒? duce"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "duca",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sicilian: duca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sicilian: duca"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "դուքս",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: դուքս (dukʻs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: դուքս (dukʻs)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "դուքս"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: դուքս (dukʻs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: դուքս (dukʻs)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dux",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: dux",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: dux"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "duce",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: duce",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: duce"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "duc",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Occitan: duc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Occitan: duc"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "duc",
"bor": "1",
"gloss": "duke"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: duc (“duke”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "duchesse",
"der": "1",
"g": "f",
"nolb": "1",
"t": "duchess"
},
"expansion": "⇒ duchesse f (“duchess”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: duc (“duke”) ⇒ duchesse f (“duchess”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "dux",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: dux",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: dux"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dūcō",
"3": "-s",
"pos1": "verb",
"pos2": "noun-forming suffix",
"t1": "lead"
},
"expansion": "dūcō (“lead”, verb) + -s (noun-forming suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From dūcō (“lead”, verb) + -s (noun-forming suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ducis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dux",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ducēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ducis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ducum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ducī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ducibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ducem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ducēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ducibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dux",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ducēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dux<3>",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "dux m or f (genitive ducis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dux<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "archiducātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dūcō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"leader, head"
],
"id": "en-dux-la-noun-Ze8Zrzi7",
"links": [
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 59 0 41 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "la:Military",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"commander, general, captain"
],
"id": "en-dux-la-noun-IJZPn77e",
"links": [
[
"commander",
"commander"
],
[
"general",
"general"
],
[
"captain",
"captain"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"prince, ruler"
],
"id": "en-dux-la-noun-4nr1Xb47",
"links": [
[
"prince",
"prince"
],
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"guide, cicerone, conductor"
],
"id": "en-dux-la-noun-NHmdPETN",
"links": [
[
"guide",
"guide"
],
[
"cicerone",
"cicerone"
],
[
"conductor",
"conductor"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Medieval Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 2 2 7 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 15 21 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 13 12 17 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 5 16 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -s",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 27 1 27 36",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Leaders",
"orig": "la:Leaders",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 14 2 14 69",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Nobility",
"orig": "la:Nobility",
"parents": [
"High society",
"People",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 28 0 28 43",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "People",
"orig": "la:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"duke"
],
"id": "en-dux-la-noun-9oBEYPUJ",
"links": [
[
"duke",
"duke"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin) duke"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/duks/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ʊks̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/duks/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪uks]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dux",
"la:dux"
],
"word": "dux"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "dux",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "duke",
"word": "duk"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Early Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of duk (“duke”)"
],
"id": "en-dux-enm-noun-akdFr8UV",
"links": [
[
"duk",
"duk#Middle_English:_duke"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Early Middle English) Alternative form of duk (“duke”)"
],
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "dux"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "dux",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin dux",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "dux"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin dux",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "duque"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of duque",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin dux. Doublet of duque.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dux",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "dux m (plural dux)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"dux"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"doge (chief magistrate in the republics of Venice and Genoa)"
],
"id": "en-dux-es-noun-b3~dt4aN",
"links": [
[
"doge",
"doge"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"es:dux"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduɡs/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪uɣ̞s]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uɡs"
}
],
"word": "dux"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "ru",
"3": "дух"
},
"expansion": "Russian дух (dux)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Russian дух (dux).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "duxu",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dux",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duxu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duxa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duxda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duxdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duxun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "duxum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumuzu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunuzu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarınızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarıma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumuza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunuza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarınıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumuzda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunuzda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarınızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxundan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxundan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumuzdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunuzdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarınızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxundan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxumuzun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarımızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunuzun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarınızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxunun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duxlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dux (definite accusative duxu, plural duxlar)",
"name": "az-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "x"
},
"name": "az-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Azerbaijani colloquialisms",
"Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"Azerbaijani lemmas",
"Azerbaijani nouns",
"Azerbaijani proscribed terms",
"Azerbaijani terms borrowed from Russian",
"Azerbaijani terms derived from Russian",
"Azerbaijani terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Azerbaijani terms with audio links",
"Azerbaijani terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "it takes courage to do this!",
"text": "bunu eləmək üçün dux lazımdır!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I lack the courage to do this",
"text": "buna duxum çatmır",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"courage"
],
"links": [
[
"courage",
"courage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, proscribed) courage"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"vulgar"
],
"word": "göt"
},
{
"word": "cəsarət"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"proscribed"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[duχ]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9292 (aze)-Zardabi Bakuvi-dux.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-dux.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-dux.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-dux.wav/LL-Q9292_%28aze%29-Zardabi_Bakuvi-dux.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Baku"
],
"text": "Audio (Baku)"
}
],
"word": "dux"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dewk-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:English/ʌks",
"Rhymes:English/ʌks/1 syllable",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dux",
"4": "",
"5": "leader"
},
"expansion": "Latin dux (“leader”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "doge",
"3": "duc",
"4": "duke"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of doge, duc, and duke",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin dux (“leader”). Doublet of doge, duc, and duke.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "duxes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+",
"2": "duces"
},
"expansion": "dux (plural duxes or duces)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "duke"
},
{
"word": "dux bellorum"
},
{
"word": "doge"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Australian English",
"British English",
"English terms with quotations",
"New Zealand English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1849, Wilhelm Steven, The History of the High School of Edinburgh, page 191",
"text": "[…]on the motion of Sir John Marjoribanks, Bart., Lord Provost, unanimously resolved, July 27, 1814, “that there be annually presented by the town of Edinburgh to the boy at the head of the Greek class, taught by the rector of the High School, a gold medal of the same value [five guineas] as that annually presented to the dux of the Latin class.”",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1999, Keith Scott, Gareth Evans, page 29",
"text": "He finished the year dux of Form III with an average 90 per cent over eight subjects. The school did not award end-of-year marks in fourth and fifth forms, but Evans′ report for those years shows he passed all subjects in both years and was again dux in Form V.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Roger K. A. Allen, Ballina Boy, page 28",
"text": "This school was where my father had been dux in his senior year in 1937 just as his father had been dux at the Rockhampton Grammar School²⁷ before the turn of the 19th century.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, A. Lydiard, Running to the Top, page 17",
"text": "Quite a few who became national athletic champions were also duxes or top academic pupils at their schools.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The top (male or female) academic student in a school, or in a year of school; the top student in a specified academic discipline."
],
"links": [
[
"school",
"school"
],
[
"year",
"year"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, Australia, New Zealand) The top (male or female) academic student in a school, or in a year of school; the top student in a specified academic discipline."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"North-America"
],
"word": "valedictorian"
}
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand",
"UK"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A high-ranking commander in the Roman army, responsible for more than one legion."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A high-ranking commander in the Roman army, responsible for more than one legion."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Music"
],
"glosses": [
"The subject of a fugue, answered by the comes."
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"subject",
"subject"
],
[
"fugue",
"fugue"
],
[
"comes",
"comes"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) The subject of a fugue, answered by the comes."
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌks/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌks"
},
{
"homophone": "ducks"
},
{
"audio": "EN-AU ck1 dux.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/EN-AU_ck1_dux.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_dux.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/EN-AU_ck1_dux.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:dux"
],
"word": "dux"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin nouns with multiple genders",
"Latin terms suffixed with -s",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"la:Leaders",
"la:Military",
"la:Nobility",
"la:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"Medieval"
],
"word": "archidux"
},
{
"tags": [
"Medieval"
],
"word": "condux"
},
{
"word": "ducātus"
},
{
"word": "ēducō"
},
{
"word": "trādux"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Inherited:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "dûs"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: dûs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: dûs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "dûxe",
"3": "Dûxe"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: dûxe, Dûxe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: dûxe, Dûxe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "Doze"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: Doze\n→ English: doge\n→ Italian: doge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: Doze\n→ English: doge\n→ Italian: doge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowed:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δούξ",
"3": "δούκα",
"bor": "1",
"gloss": "leader",
"pos2": "acc.sg."
},
"expansion": "→ Ancient Greek: δούξ (doúx, “leader”), δούκα (doúka, acc.sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ancient Greek: δούξ (doúx, “leader”), δούκα (doúka, acc.sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gkm",
"2": "δούξ",
"3": "δούκα",
"pos2": "acc.sg."
},
"expansion": "Byzantine Greek: δούξ (doúx), δούκα (doúka, acc.sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Byzantine Greek: δούξ (doúx), δούκα (doúka, acc.sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "δούκας",
"gloss": "duke"
},
"expansion": "Greek: δούκας (doúkas, “duke”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: δούκας (doúkas, “duke”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "duca",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: duca\n→ Ottoman Turkish: دوقه (duka)\nTurkish: duka",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: duca\n→ Ottoman Turkish: دوقه (duka)\nTurkish: duka"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "duche",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Friulian: duche",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Friulian: duche"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ducă",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: ducă",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "duce",
"der": "1",
"id": "duke",
"nolb": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? duce",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: ducă ⇒? duce"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "duca",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sicilian: duca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sicilian: duca"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "դուքս",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: դուքս (dukʻs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: դուքս (dukʻs)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "դուքս"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: դուքս (dukʻs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: դուքս (dukʻs)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dux",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: dux",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: dux"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "duce",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: duce",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: duce"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "duc",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Occitan: duc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Occitan: duc"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "duc",
"bor": "1",
"gloss": "duke"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: duc (“duke”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "duchesse",
"der": "1",
"g": "f",
"nolb": "1",
"t": "duchess"
},
"expansion": "⇒ duchesse f (“duchess”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: duc (“duke”) ⇒ duchesse f (“duchess”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "dux",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: dux",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: dux"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dūcō",
"3": "-s",
"pos1": "verb",
"pos2": "noun-forming suffix",
"t1": "lead"
},
"expansion": "dūcō (“lead”, verb) + -s (noun-forming suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From dūcō (“lead”, verb) + -s (noun-forming suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ducis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dux",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ducēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ducis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ducum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ducī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ducibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ducem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ducēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ducibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dux",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ducēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dux<3>",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "dux m or f (genitive ducis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dux<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "archiducātus"
},
{
"word": "dūcō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"leader, head"
],
"links": [
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"commander, general, captain"
],
"links": [
[
"commander",
"commander"
],
[
"general",
"general"
],
[
"captain",
"captain"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"prince, ruler"
],
"links": [
[
"prince",
"prince"
],
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"guide, cicerone, conductor"
],
"links": [
[
"guide",
"guide"
],
[
"cicerone",
"cicerone"
],
[
"conductor",
"conductor"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Medieval Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"duke"
],
"links": [
[
"duke",
"duke"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin) duke"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/duks/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ʊks̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/duks/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪uks]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dux",
"la:dux"
],
"word": "dux"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "dux",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "duke",
"word": "duk"
}
],
"categories": [
"Early Middle English",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of duk (“duke”)"
],
"links": [
[
"duk",
"duk#Middle_English:_duke"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Early Middle English) Alternative form of duk (“duke”)"
],
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "dux"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "dux",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin dux",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "dux"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin dux",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "duque"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of duque",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin dux. Doublet of duque.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dux",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "dux m (plural dux)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"dux"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Spanish/uɡs",
"Rhymes:Spanish/uɡs/1 syllable",
"Spanish 1-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish doublets",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"doge (chief magistrate in the republics of Venice and Genoa)"
],
"links": [
[
"doge",
"doge"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"es:dux"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduɡs/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪uɣ̞s]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uɡs"
}
],
"word": "dux"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.