"dux" meaning in English

See dux in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /dʌks/ Audio: EN-AU ck1 dux.ogg Forms: duxes [plural], duces [plural]
Rhymes: -ʌks Etymology: Borrowed from Latin dux (“leader”). Doublet of doge, duc, and duke. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*dewk-}}, {{bor|en|la|dux||leader}} Latin dux (“leader”), {{doublet|en|doge|duc|duke}} Doublet of doge, duc, and duke Head templates: {{en-noun|+|duces}} dux (plural duxes or duces)
  1. (UK, Australia, New Zealand) The top (male or female) academic student in a school, or in a year of school; the top student in a specified academic discipline. Tags: Australia, New-Zealand, UK Categories (topical): People Synonyms: valedictorian [North-America]
    Sense id: en-dux-en-noun-MOMnYqV2 Disambiguation of People: 46 36 18 Categories (other): Australian English, British English, New Zealand English, English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 70 23 7 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 56 15 5 2 3 2 10 8 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 66 11 4 2 2 2 7 6
  2. (historical) A high-ranking commander in the Roman army, responsible for more than one legion. Tags: historical
    Sense id: en-dux-en-noun-h9mNdPRs
  3. (music) The subject of a fugue, answered by the comes. Categories (topical): Music
    Sense id: en-dux-en-noun-0-u0yqjd Topics: entertainment, lifestyle, music
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: duke, dux bellorum, doge

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dewk-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "dux",
        "4": "",
        "5": "leader"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin dux (“leader”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "doge",
        "3": "duc",
        "4": "duke"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of doge, duc, and duke",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin dux (“leader”). Doublet of doge, duc, and duke.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "duxes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duces",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "+",
        "2": "duces"
      },
      "expansion": "dux (plural duxes or duces)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "duke"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "dux bellorum"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "doge"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Australian English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "British English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "New Zealand English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "70 23 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 15 5 2 3 2 10 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "66 11 4 2 2 2 7 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 36 18",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "en:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1849, Wilhelm Steven, The History of the High School of Edinburgh, page 191:",
          "text": "[…]on the motion of Sir John Marjoribanks, Bart., Lord Provost, unanimously resolved, July 27, 1814, “that there be annually presented by the town of Edinburgh to the boy at the head of the Greek class, taught by the rector of the High School, a gold medal of the same value [five guineas] as that annually presented to the dux of the Latin class.”",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1999, Keith Scott, Gareth Evans, page 29:",
          "text": "He finished the year dux of Form III with an average 90 per cent over eight subjects. The school did not award end-of-year marks in fourth and fifth forms, but Evans′ report for those years shows he passed all subjects in both years and was again dux in Form V.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2010, Roger K. A. Allen, Ballina Boy, page 28:",
          "text": "This school was where my father had been dux in his senior year in 1937 just as his father had been dux at the Rockhampton Grammar School²⁷ before the turn of the 19th century.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2011, A. Lydiard, Running to the Top, page 17:",
          "text": "Quite a few who became national athletic champions were also duxes or top academic pupils at their schools.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The top (male or female) academic student in a school, or in a year of school; the top student in a specified academic discipline."
      ],
      "id": "en-dux-en-noun-MOMnYqV2",
      "links": [
        [
          "school",
          "school"
        ],
        [
          "year",
          "year"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(UK, Australia, New Zealand) The top (male or female) academic student in a school, or in a year of school; the top student in a specified academic discipline."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "North-America"
          ],
          "word": "valedictorian"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Australia",
        "New-Zealand",
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "A high-ranking commander in the Roman army, responsible for more than one legion."
      ],
      "id": "en-dux-en-noun-h9mNdPRs",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) A high-ranking commander in the Roman army, responsible for more than one legion."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Music",
          "orig": "en:Music",
          "parents": [
            "Art",
            "Sound",
            "Culture",
            "Energy",
            "Society",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The subject of a fugue, answered by the comes."
      ],
      "id": "en-dux-en-noun-0-u0yqjd",
      "links": [
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ],
        [
          "subject",
          "subject"
        ],
        [
          "fugue",
          "fugue"
        ],
        [
          "comes",
          "comes"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(music) The subject of a fugue, answered by the comes."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dʌks/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "EN-AU ck1 dux.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/EN-AU_ck1_dux.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_dux.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/EN-AU_ck1_dux.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌks"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "ducks"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "en:dux"
  ],
  "word": "dux"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms borrowed from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dewk-",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌks",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌks/1 syllable",
    "en:People"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dewk-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "dux",
        "4": "",
        "5": "leader"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin dux (“leader”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "doge",
        "3": "duc",
        "4": "duke"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of doge, duc, and duke",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin dux (“leader”). Doublet of doge, duc, and duke.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "duxes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duces",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "+",
        "2": "duces"
      },
      "expansion": "dux (plural duxes or duces)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "duke"
    },
    {
      "word": "dux bellorum"
    },
    {
      "word": "doge"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Australian English",
        "British English",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "New Zealand English"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1849, Wilhelm Steven, The History of the High School of Edinburgh, page 191:",
          "text": "[…]on the motion of Sir John Marjoribanks, Bart., Lord Provost, unanimously resolved, July 27, 1814, “that there be annually presented by the town of Edinburgh to the boy at the head of the Greek class, taught by the rector of the High School, a gold medal of the same value [five guineas] as that annually presented to the dux of the Latin class.”",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1999, Keith Scott, Gareth Evans, page 29:",
          "text": "He finished the year dux of Form III with an average 90 per cent over eight subjects. The school did not award end-of-year marks in fourth and fifth forms, but Evans′ report for those years shows he passed all subjects in both years and was again dux in Form V.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2010, Roger K. A. Allen, Ballina Boy, page 28:",
          "text": "This school was where my father had been dux in his senior year in 1937 just as his father had been dux at the Rockhampton Grammar School²⁷ before the turn of the 19th century.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2011, A. Lydiard, Running to the Top, page 17:",
          "text": "Quite a few who became national athletic champions were also duxes or top academic pupils at their schools.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The top (male or female) academic student in a school, or in a year of school; the top student in a specified academic discipline."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "school",
          "school"
        ],
        [
          "year",
          "year"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(UK, Australia, New Zealand) The top (male or female) academic student in a school, or in a year of school; the top student in a specified academic discipline."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "North-America"
          ],
          "word": "valedictorian"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Australia",
        "New-Zealand",
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with historical senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A high-ranking commander in the Roman army, responsible for more than one legion."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) A high-ranking commander in the Roman army, responsible for more than one legion."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Music"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The subject of a fugue, answered by the comes."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ],
        [
          "subject",
          "subject"
        ],
        [
          "fugue",
          "fugue"
        ],
        [
          "comes",
          "comes"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(music) The subject of a fugue, answered by the comes."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dʌks/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "EN-AU ck1 dux.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/EN-AU_ck1_dux.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_dux.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/EN-AU_ck1_dux.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌks"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "ducks"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "en:dux"
  ],
  "word": "dux"
}

Download raw JSONL data for dux meaning in English (4.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.