See cockle on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for cockle meaning in All languages combined (28.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "blood cockle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cockle-bread"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cockleshell"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "common cockle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "corn cockle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "corncockle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ear cockle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "moulding of cockle bread"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "warm the cockles of one's heart"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cokel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cokel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cokkel"
},
"expansion": "cokkel",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "kokkel"
},
"expansion": "kokkel",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cocle"
},
"expansion": "cocle",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cokke",
"id": "cockle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cokke",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cok",
"id": "cockle",
"t": "cockle"
},
"expansion": "cok (“cockle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cocc"
},
"expansion": "Old English cocc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sǣcocc",
"t": "cockle"
},
"expansion": "sǣcocc (“cockle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "le"
},
"expansion": "+ -le",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "coquille"
},
"expansion": "Old French coquille",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*cocchilia"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *cocchilia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "conchylia"
},
"expansion": "conchylia",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κογχύλιον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κογχύλιον (konkhúlion)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κογχύλη",
"3": "",
"4": "mussel"
},
"expansion": "κογχύλη (konkhúlē, “mussel”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qsb-grc"
},
"expansion": "Pre-Greek",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cokel, cokkel, kokkel, cocle, of uncertain origin. Perhaps a diminutive of Middle English cokke, cok (“cockle”), from Old English cocc (found in sǣcocc (“cockle”)) + -le; or perhaps from Old French coquille, from Vulgar Latin *cocchilia, from conchylia, from Ancient Greek κογχύλιον (konkhúlion), diminutive of κογχύλη (konkhúlē, “mussel”), of Pre-Greek substrate origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cockles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cockle (plural cockles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scallop"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 6 7 8 10 16 10 11 10 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -le",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 5 7 4 7 14 4 6 5 11 1 16 9",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Carnation family plants",
"orig": "en:Carnation family plants",
"parents": [
"Caryophyllales order plants",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 11 9 1 5 12 2 4 2 7 1 7 5",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Venerida order mollusks",
"orig": "en:Venerida order mollusks",
"parents": [
"Bivalves",
"Mollusks",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1990, Dido Davies, Andrew Davies, William Gerhardie: A Biography, page 164",
"text": "His wife, a small woman who walked always on high heels, borrowed Gerhardie's primus stove several times a day to cook her husband gargantuan meals of cockles, mussels, snails, and other such unpalatables.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various edible European bivalve mollusks, of the family Cardiidae, having heart-shaped shells."
],
"id": "en-cockle-en-noun-JS4QTIc9",
"links": [
[
"edible",
"edible"
],
[
"European",
"European"
],
[
"bivalve",
"bivalve"
],
[
"mollusk",
"mollusk"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"Cardiidae",
"Cardiidae#Translingual"
],
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"shaped",
"shaped"
],
[
"shell",
"shell"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎrcevidna mida",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сърцевидна мида"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escopinya"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "níhān",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "泥蚶"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kokkel"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kokhaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "hartschelp"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "sydänsimpukka"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coque"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "berberecho"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "croque"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Herzmuschel"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "streídi",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "στρείδι"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "kagyló"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "szívkagyló"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruacan"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gruán"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sruán"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "zarugai",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "ザルガイ"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "kkomak",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "꼬막"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "kerang"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "tuangi"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "chʼosh bitsʼaʼí dijoolígíí"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chuchette"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hjertemusling"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hjerteskjell"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "tarak",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "طراق"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sercówka"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "berbigão"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "serdcevídka",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сердцеви́дка"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coilleag"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "srùban"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "berberecho"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 5 3 1 2 5 1 2 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sercevýdka",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "серцеви́дка"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The shell of such a mollusk."
],
"id": "en-cockle-en-noun-LNNz~udY",
"links": [
[
"shell",
"shell"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 83 8 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escopinya"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 83 8 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kokkel"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 83 8 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"word": "hartschelp"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 83 8 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"word": "sydänsimpukan kuori"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 83 8 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kochýli",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κοχύλι"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 83 8 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sliogán ruacain"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 83 8 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "báisín"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 83 8 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "arzella"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 83 8 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coilleag"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 83 8 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "srùban"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"One’s innermost feelings (only in the expression “the cockles of one’s heart”)."
],
"id": "en-cockle-en-noun-6dXctKL8",
"links": [
[
"innermost",
"innermost"
],
[
"feeling",
"feeling"
],
[
"the cockles of one’s heart",
"warm the cockles of one's heart"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) One’s innermost feelings (only in the expression “the cockles of one’s heart”)."
],
"tags": [
"in-plural"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 5 64 1 5 12 2 5 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "one’s innermost feelings",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "zieleroerselen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 4 5 23 9 13 2 5 2 7 1 11 12",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Skin",
"orig": "en:Skin",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A wrinkle, pucker"
],
"id": "en-cockle-en-noun-0180mjEu",
"links": [
[
"wrinkle",
"wrinkle"
],
[
"pucker",
"pucker"
]
],
"qualifier": "directly from French coquille",
"raw_glosses": [
"(directly from French coquille) A wrinkle, pucker"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A defect in sheepskin; firm dark nodules caused by the bites of keds on live sheep"
],
"id": "en-cockle-en-noun-MSMC4bnY",
"links": [
[
"sheepskin",
"sheepskin"
],
[
"nodule",
"nodule"
],
[
"ked",
"ked"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) A defect in sheepskin; firm dark nodules caused by the bites of keds on live sheep"
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cornish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mining",
"orig": "en:Mining",
"parents": [
"Industries",
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 7 9 2 8 19 4 8 5 9 0 12 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 6 7 8 10 16 10 11 10 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -le",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 5 7 4 7 14 4 6 5 11 1 16 9",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Carnation family plants",
"orig": "en:Carnation family plants",
"parents": [
"Caryophyllales order plants",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 7 8 10 8 17 2 6 2 9 1 11 10",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Veterinary medicine",
"orig": "en:Veterinary medicine",
"parents": [
"Animals",
"Medicine",
"Lifeforms",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 6 8 10 7 16 2 5 4 11 2 9 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Conchology",
"orig": "en:Conchology",
"parents": [
"Malacology",
"Zoology",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 6 7 8 10 18 2 6 2 8 1 12 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "en:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 5 5 5 31 4 5 8 7 2 9 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Minerals",
"orig": "en:Minerals",
"parents": [
"Matter",
"Mineralogy",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Geology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Earth sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The mineral black tourmaline or schorl."
],
"id": "en-cockle-en-noun-O5gp6Caw",
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"mineral",
"mineral"
],
[
"schorl",
"schorl"
],
[
"Rossiter W[orthington] Raymond",
"w:Rossiter W. Raymond"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining, UK, Cornwall) The mineral black tourmaline or schorl."
],
"tags": [
"Cornwall",
"UK"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The fire chamber of a furnace."
],
"id": "en-cockle-en-noun-kYyo1FJj",
"links": [
[
"furnace",
"furnace"
],
[
"Edward H[enry] Knight",
"w:Edward H. Knight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) The fire chamber of a furnace."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 6 7 8 10 16 10 11 10 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -le",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 7 7 4 11 6 18 13 7 4 8 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Combustion",
"orig": "en:Combustion",
"parents": [
"Chemical processes",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A kiln for drying hops; an oast."
],
"id": "en-cockle-en-noun-wdy57MXh",
"links": [
[
"kiln",
"kiln"
],
[
"hops",
"hops"
],
[
"oast",
"oast"
],
[
"Edward H[enry] Knight",
"w:Edward H. Knight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) A kiln for drying hops; an oast."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The dome of a heating furnace."
],
"id": "en-cockle-en-noun-dchtz-i5",
"links": [
[
"Edward H[enry] Knight",
"w:Edward H. Knight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) The dome of a heating furnace."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɒkl̩/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒkəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cockle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cockle"
],
"word": "cockle"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cokel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cokel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cokkel"
},
"expansion": "cokkel",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "kokkel"
},
"expansion": "kokkel",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cocle"
},
"expansion": "cocle",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cokke",
"id": "cockle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cokke",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cok",
"id": "cockle",
"t": "cockle"
},
"expansion": "cok (“cockle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cocc"
},
"expansion": "Old English cocc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sǣcocc",
"t": "cockle"
},
"expansion": "sǣcocc (“cockle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "le"
},
"expansion": "+ -le",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "coquille"
},
"expansion": "Old French coquille",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*cocchilia"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *cocchilia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "conchylia"
},
"expansion": "conchylia",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κογχύλιον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κογχύλιον (konkhúlion)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κογχύλη",
"3": "",
"4": "mussel"
},
"expansion": "κογχύλη (konkhúlē, “mussel”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qsb-grc"
},
"expansion": "Pre-Greek",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cokel, cokkel, kokkel, cocle, of uncertain origin. Perhaps a diminutive of Middle English cokke, cok (“cockle”), from Old English cocc (found in sǣcocc (“cockle”)) + -le; or perhaps from Old French coquille, from Vulgar Latin *cocchilia, from conchylia, from Ancient Greek κογχύλιον (konkhúlion), diminutive of κογχύλη (konkhúlē, “mussel”), of Pre-Greek substrate origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cockles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cockling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cockled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cockled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cockle (third-person singular simple present cockles, present participle cockling, simple past and past participle cockled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 6 7 8 10 16 10 11 10 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -le",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 5 7 4 7 14 4 6 5 11 1 16 9",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Carnation family plants",
"orig": "en:Carnation family plants",
"parents": [
"Caryophyllales order plants",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause to contract into wrinkles or ridges, as some kinds of cloth after a wetting; to pucker."
],
"id": "en-cockle-en-verb-QGIXNB2e",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"contract",
"contract"
],
[
"wrinkle",
"wrinkle"
],
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"pucker",
"pucker"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause to contract into wrinkles or ridges, as some kinds of cloth after a wetting; to pucker."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɒkl̩/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒkəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cockle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "cockle"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Lolium temulentum"
},
"expansion": "Wikispecies",
"name": "wikispecies"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Agrostemma githago"
},
"expansion": "Wikispecies",
"name": "wikispecies"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cockil"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cockil",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cokil"
},
"expansion": "cokil",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cokylle"
},
"expansion": "cokylle",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "coccel",
"t": "darnel"
},
"expansion": "Old English coccel (“darnel”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "coccus",
"4": "",
"5": "berry"
},
"expansion": "Latin coccus (“berry”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Wikispecies\nWikispecies\nFrom Middle English cockil, cokil, cokylle, from Old English coccel (“darnel”), of unknown origin, perhaps from a diminutive of Latin coccus (“berry”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cockles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cockle (plural cockles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 5 7 4 7 14 4 6 5 11 1 16 9",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Carnation family plants",
"orig": "en:Carnation family plants",
"parents": [
"Caryophyllales order plants",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 4 6 5 7 12 4 6 4 23 1 10 9",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Poeae tribe grasses",
"orig": "en:Poeae tribe grasses",
"parents": [
"Grasses",
"Commelinids",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1855, Robert Browning, Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came, section X",
"text": "But cockle, spurge, according to their law / Might propagate their kind, with none to awe, / You'd think; a burr had been a treasure trove.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of several field weeds, such as the common corncockle (Agrostemma githago) and darnel ryegrass (Lolium temulentum)."
],
"id": "en-cockle-en-noun-TIdHPLUZ",
"links": [
[
"weed",
"weed"
],
[
"Agrostemma githago",
"Agrostemma githago#Translingual"
],
[
"Lolium temulentum",
"Lolium temulentum#Translingual"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "aquatic cockle"
},
{
"word": "cocklebur"
},
{
"word": "corncockle"
},
{
"word": "cheat"
},
{
"word": "ryegrass"
},
{
"word": "tare"
},
{
"word": "vetch"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "Lolium temulentum",
"word": "darnel"
},
{
"sense": "Lolium temulentum",
"word": "false wheat"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kǎklica",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "къклица"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "niella"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kokkelboon"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kokhaan"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"word": "hartschelp"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ivraie enivrante"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cogal"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "loglio"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "dokumugi",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"word": "ドクムギ"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "joio"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cizaña"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɒkl̩/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒkəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cockle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Agrostemma githago",
"Lolium temulentum"
],
"word": "cockle"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cockles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cockling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cockled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cockled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cockle (third-person singular simple present cockles, present participle cockling, simple past and past participle cockled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Midlands English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern England English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, Benjamin Myers, The Gallows Pole, Bloomsbury, published 2019, page 32",
"text": "Israel Wilde arrived last, his ankle swollen and already berry-blue after cockling at the top of Hatherself Scout.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To wobble, shake; to be unsteady."
],
"id": "en-cockle-en-verb-BMB6Mjdt",
"links": [
[
"wobble",
"wobble"
],
[
"shake",
"shake"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, Northern England, Midlands) To wobble, shake; to be unsteady."
],
"tags": [
"Midlands",
"Northern-England",
"Scotland"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɒkl̩/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒkəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cockle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "cockle"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ten"
},
"expansion": "ten",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Rhyming slang, from cock and hen for ten.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cockles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cockle (plural cockles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A £10 note; a tenner."
],
"id": "en-cockle-en-noun-HRWlrA53",
"links": [
[
"Cockney rhyming slang",
"Cockney rhyming slang"
],
[
"tenner",
"tenner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Cockney rhyming slang) A £10 note; a tenner."
],
"tags": [
"Cockney",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɒkl̩/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒkəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cockle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "cockle"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
"English terms derived from substrate languages",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -le",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Requests for gender in Lithuanian entries",
"Requests for review of Galician translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Lithuanian translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɒkəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɒkəl/2 syllables",
"en:Carnation family plants",
"en:Combustion",
"en:Conchology",
"en:Emotions",
"en:Minerals",
"en:Poeae tribe grasses",
"en:Skin",
"en:Venerida order mollusks",
"en:Veterinary medicine"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "blood cockle"
},
{
"word": "cockle-bread"
},
{
"word": "cockleshell"
},
{
"word": "common cockle"
},
{
"word": "corn cockle"
},
{
"word": "corncockle"
},
{
"word": "ear cockle"
},
{
"word": "moulding of cockle bread"
},
{
"word": "warm the cockles of one's heart"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cokel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cokel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cokkel"
},
"expansion": "cokkel",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "kokkel"
},
"expansion": "kokkel",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cocle"
},
"expansion": "cocle",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cokke",
"id": "cockle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cokke",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cok",
"id": "cockle",
"t": "cockle"
},
"expansion": "cok (“cockle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cocc"
},
"expansion": "Old English cocc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sǣcocc",
"t": "cockle"
},
"expansion": "sǣcocc (“cockle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "le"
},
"expansion": "+ -le",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "coquille"
},
"expansion": "Old French coquille",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*cocchilia"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *cocchilia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "conchylia"
},
"expansion": "conchylia",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κογχύλιον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κογχύλιον (konkhúlion)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κογχύλη",
"3": "",
"4": "mussel"
},
"expansion": "κογχύλη (konkhúlē, “mussel”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qsb-grc"
},
"expansion": "Pre-Greek",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cokel, cokkel, kokkel, cocle, of uncertain origin. Perhaps a diminutive of Middle English cokke, cok (“cockle”), from Old English cocc (found in sǣcocc (“cockle”)) + -le; or perhaps from Old French coquille, from Vulgar Latin *cocchilia, from conchylia, from Ancient Greek κογχύλιον (konkhúlion), diminutive of κογχύλη (konkhúlē, “mussel”), of Pre-Greek substrate origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cockles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cockle (plural cockles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "scallop"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1990, Dido Davies, Andrew Davies, William Gerhardie: A Biography, page 164",
"text": "His wife, a small woman who walked always on high heels, borrowed Gerhardie's primus stove several times a day to cook her husband gargantuan meals of cockles, mussels, snails, and other such unpalatables.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various edible European bivalve mollusks, of the family Cardiidae, having heart-shaped shells."
],
"links": [
[
"edible",
"edible"
],
[
"European",
"European"
],
[
"bivalve",
"bivalve"
],
[
"mollusk",
"mollusk"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"Cardiidae",
"Cardiidae#Translingual"
],
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"shaped",
"shaped"
],
[
"shell",
"shell"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The shell of such a mollusk."
],
"links": [
[
"shell",
"shell"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"One’s innermost feelings (only in the expression “the cockles of one’s heart”)."
],
"links": [
[
"innermost",
"innermost"
],
[
"feeling",
"feeling"
],
[
"the cockles of one’s heart",
"warm the cockles of one's heart"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) One’s innermost feelings (only in the expression “the cockles of one’s heart”)."
],
"tags": [
"in-plural"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A wrinkle, pucker"
],
"links": [
[
"wrinkle",
"wrinkle"
],
[
"pucker",
"pucker"
]
],
"qualifier": "directly from French coquille",
"raw_glosses": [
"(directly from French coquille) A wrinkle, pucker"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A defect in sheepskin; firm dark nodules caused by the bites of keds on live sheep"
],
"links": [
[
"sheepskin",
"sheepskin"
],
[
"nodule",
"nodule"
],
[
"ked",
"ked"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) A defect in sheepskin; firm dark nodules caused by the bites of keds on live sheep"
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"Cornish English",
"en:Mining"
],
"glosses": [
"The mineral black tourmaline or schorl."
],
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"mineral",
"mineral"
],
[
"schorl",
"schorl"
],
[
"Rossiter W[orthington] Raymond",
"w:Rossiter W. Raymond"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining, UK, Cornwall) The mineral black tourmaline or schorl."
],
"tags": [
"Cornwall",
"UK"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English"
],
"glosses": [
"The fire chamber of a furnace."
],
"links": [
[
"furnace",
"furnace"
],
[
"Edward H[enry] Knight",
"w:Edward H. Knight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) The fire chamber of a furnace."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English"
],
"glosses": [
"A kiln for drying hops; an oast."
],
"links": [
[
"kiln",
"kiln"
],
[
"hops",
"hops"
],
[
"oast",
"oast"
],
[
"Edward H[enry] Knight",
"w:Edward H. Knight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) A kiln for drying hops; an oast."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English"
],
"glosses": [
"The dome of a heating furnace."
],
"links": [
[
"Edward H[enry] Knight",
"w:Edward H. Knight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) The dome of a heating furnace."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɒkl̩/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒkəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cockle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎrcevidna mida",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сърцевидна мида"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escopinya"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "níhān",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "泥蚶"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kokkel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kokhaan"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "hartschelp"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "sydänsimpukka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coque"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "berberecho"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "croque"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Herzmuschel"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "streídi",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "στρείδι"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "kagyló"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "szívkagyló"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruacan"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gruán"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sruán"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "zarugai",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "ザルガイ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "kkomak",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "꼬막"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "kerang"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "tuangi"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "chʼosh bitsʼaʼí dijoolígíí"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chuchette"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hjertemusling"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hjerteskjell"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "tarak",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"word": "طراق"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sercówka"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "berbigão"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "serdcevídka",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сердцеви́дка"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coilleag"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "srùban"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "berberecho"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sercevýdka",
"sense": "any of various edible European bivalve mollusks",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "серцеви́дка"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escopinya"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kokkel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"word": "hartschelp"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"word": "sydänsimpukan kuori"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kochýli",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κοχύλι"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sliogán ruacain"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "báisín"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "arzella"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coilleag"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "the shell of the cockle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "srùban"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "one’s innermost feelings",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "zieleroerselen"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cockle"
],
"word": "cockle"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
"English terms derived from substrate languages",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -le",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Requests for gender in Lithuanian entries",
"Requests for review of Galician translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Lithuanian translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɒkəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɒkəl/2 syllables",
"en:Carnation family plants",
"en:Combustion",
"en:Conchology",
"en:Emotions",
"en:Minerals",
"en:Poeae tribe grasses",
"en:Skin",
"en:Venerida order mollusks",
"en:Veterinary medicine"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cokel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cokel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cokkel"
},
"expansion": "cokkel",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "kokkel"
},
"expansion": "kokkel",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cocle"
},
"expansion": "cocle",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cokke",
"id": "cockle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cokke",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cok",
"id": "cockle",
"t": "cockle"
},
"expansion": "cok (“cockle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cocc"
},
"expansion": "Old English cocc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sǣcocc",
"t": "cockle"
},
"expansion": "sǣcocc (“cockle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "le"
},
"expansion": "+ -le",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "coquille"
},
"expansion": "Old French coquille",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*cocchilia"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *cocchilia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "conchylia"
},
"expansion": "conchylia",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κογχύλιον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κογχύλιον (konkhúlion)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κογχύλη",
"3": "",
"4": "mussel"
},
"expansion": "κογχύλη (konkhúlē, “mussel”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qsb-grc"
},
"expansion": "Pre-Greek",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cokel, cokkel, kokkel, cocle, of uncertain origin. Perhaps a diminutive of Middle English cokke, cok (“cockle”), from Old English cocc (found in sǣcocc (“cockle”)) + -le; or perhaps from Old French coquille, from Vulgar Latin *cocchilia, from conchylia, from Ancient Greek κογχύλιον (konkhúlion), diminutive of κογχύλη (konkhúlē, “mussel”), of Pre-Greek substrate origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cockles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cockling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cockled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cockled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cockle (third-person singular simple present cockles, present participle cockling, simple past and past participle cockled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To cause to contract into wrinkles or ridges, as some kinds of cloth after a wetting; to pucker."
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"contract",
"contract"
],
[
"wrinkle",
"wrinkle"
],
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"pucker",
"pucker"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause to contract into wrinkles or ridges, as some kinds of cloth after a wetting; to pucker."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɒkl̩/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒkəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cockle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "cockle"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Rhymes:English/ɒkəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɒkəl/2 syllables",
"en:Carnation family plants",
"en:Combustion",
"en:Conchology",
"en:Emotions",
"en:Minerals",
"en:Poeae tribe grasses",
"en:Skin",
"en:Venerida order mollusks",
"en:Veterinary medicine"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Lolium temulentum"
},
"expansion": "Wikispecies",
"name": "wikispecies"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Agrostemma githago"
},
"expansion": "Wikispecies",
"name": "wikispecies"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cockil"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cockil",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cokil"
},
"expansion": "cokil",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cokylle"
},
"expansion": "cokylle",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "coccel",
"t": "darnel"
},
"expansion": "Old English coccel (“darnel”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "coccus",
"4": "",
"5": "berry"
},
"expansion": "Latin coccus (“berry”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Wikispecies\nWikispecies\nFrom Middle English cockil, cokil, cokylle, from Old English coccel (“darnel”), of unknown origin, perhaps from a diminutive of Latin coccus (“berry”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cockles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cockle (plural cockles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "aquatic cockle"
},
{
"word": "cocklebur"
},
{
"word": "corncockle"
},
{
"word": "cheat"
},
{
"word": "ryegrass"
},
{
"word": "tare"
},
{
"word": "vetch"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1855, Robert Browning, Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came, section X",
"text": "But cockle, spurge, according to their law / Might propagate their kind, with none to awe, / You'd think; a burr had been a treasure trove.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of several field weeds, such as the common corncockle (Agrostemma githago) and darnel ryegrass (Lolium temulentum)."
],
"links": [
[
"weed",
"weed"
],
[
"Agrostemma githago",
"Agrostemma githago#Translingual"
],
[
"Lolium temulentum",
"Lolium temulentum#Translingual"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɒkl̩/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒkəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cockle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "Lolium temulentum",
"word": "darnel"
},
{
"sense": "Lolium temulentum",
"word": "false wheat"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kǎklica",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "къклица"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "niella"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kokkelboon"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kokhaan"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"word": "hartschelp"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ivraie enivrante"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cogal"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "loglio"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "dokumugi",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"word": "ドクムギ"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "joio"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any of several weeds, such as the corn cockle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cizaña"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Agrostemma githago",
"Lolium temulentum"
],
"word": "cockle"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒkəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɒkəl/2 syllables",
"en:Carnation family plants",
"en:Combustion",
"en:Conchology",
"en:Emotions",
"en:Minerals",
"en:Poeae tribe grasses",
"en:Skin",
"en:Venerida order mollusks",
"en:Veterinary medicine"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cockles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cockling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cockled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cockled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cockle (third-person singular simple present cockles, present participle cockling, simple past and past participle cockled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Midlands English",
"Northern England English",
"Scottish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, Benjamin Myers, The Gallows Pole, Bloomsbury, published 2019, page 32",
"text": "Israel Wilde arrived last, his ankle swollen and already berry-blue after cockling at the top of Hatherself Scout.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To wobble, shake; to be unsteady."
],
"links": [
[
"wobble",
"wobble"
],
[
"shake",
"shake"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, Northern England, Midlands) To wobble, shake; to be unsteady."
],
"tags": [
"Midlands",
"Northern-England",
"Scotland"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɒkl̩/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒkəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cockle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "cockle"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ɒkəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɒkəl/2 syllables",
"en:Carnation family plants",
"en:Combustion",
"en:Conchology",
"en:Emotions",
"en:Minerals",
"en:Poeae tribe grasses",
"en:Skin",
"en:Venerida order mollusks",
"en:Veterinary medicine"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ten"
},
"expansion": "ten",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Rhyming slang, from cock and hen for ten.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cockles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cockle (plural cockles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cockney rhyming slang"
],
"glosses": [
"A £10 note; a tenner."
],
"links": [
[
"Cockney rhyming slang",
"Cockney rhyming slang"
],
[
"tenner",
"tenner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Cockney rhyming slang) A £10 note; a tenner."
],
"tags": [
"Cockney",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɒkl̩/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒkəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cockle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cockle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "cockle"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.