See darnel on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for darnel meaning in All languages combined (9.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "darnel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English darnel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dernel"
},
"expansion": "dernel",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro-nor",
"3": "darnelle"
},
"expansion": "Old Northern French darnelle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "dernelle"
},
"expansion": "French dernelle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "darnette"
},
"expansion": "darnette",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*darjan",
"4": "",
"5": "to harm, injure"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *darjan (“to harm, injure”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "darne"
},
"expansion": "Walloon darne",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "derne",
"t": "stunned, dazed, drunk"
},
"expansion": "derne (“stunned, dazed, drunk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verdarnt"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch verdarnt",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verdaernt",
"t": "stunned, dumbfounded, angry"
},
"expansion": "verdaernt (“stunned, dumbfounded, angry”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English darnel, dernel, from Old Northern French darnelle ( > dialectal French dernelle, darnette), of Germanic origin, possibly Proto-West Germanic *darjan (“to harm, injure”).\nRelated to Walloon darne, derne (“stunned, dazed, drunk”), Middle Dutch verdarnt, verdaernt (“stunned, dumbfounded, angry”). The association with being dazed or drunkenness is due to the well-known intoxicating effects of the plant.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "darnels",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "darnel (usually uncountable, plural darnels)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Darnell"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A species of ryegrass, Lolium temulentum, often found in wheat fields and often host to a fungus intoxicating to humans and animals."
],
"id": "en-darnel-en-noun-DoqYcuFe",
"links": [
[
"ryegrass",
"ryegrass"
],
[
"Lolium temulentum",
"Lolium temulentum#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "iraka"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "glušica",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "глушица"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jull"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zitzània"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "毒麥"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "dúmài",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "毒麦"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "giftig rajgræs"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dolik"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "lolo"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "myrkkyraiheinä"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ivraie enivrante"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xoio"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lerica"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tarela"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Taumel-Lolch"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Taumellolch"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Rauschgras"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "aîra",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αἶρα"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "zizánion",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ζιζάνιον"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "szédítő vadóc"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "konkolyperje"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zizzania"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "loglio"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "lolium"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "skjæraks"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "svimling"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "raigras"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "życica roczna"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "joio"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cizânia"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sălbăție"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "plével opʹjanjájuščij",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пле́вел опьяня́ющий"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "plével pʹjanjáščij",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пле́вел пьяня́щий"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "golovolóm",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "головоло́м"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cizaña"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cizaña forrajera"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "espantapájaros"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "dårrepe"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "lojo"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "logio"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "loi"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "efrau"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Poeae tribe grasses",
"orig": "en:Poeae tribe grasses",
"parents": [
"Grasses",
"Commelinids",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Various species of Lolium, especially as a weed in wheat fields."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "40 60",
"sense": "various species of ryegrass",
"word": "Persian darnel"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 60",
"sense": "various species of ryegrass",
"word": "white darnel"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 60",
"sense": "various species of ryegrass",
"word": "red darnel"
}
],
"id": "en-darnel-en-noun-IbXQuPO0",
"links": [
[
"Lolium",
"Lolium#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɑːnəɫ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"sense": "Lolium temulentum",
"word": "poison darnel"
}
],
"word": "darnel"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Northern French",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Poeae tribe grasses"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "darnel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English darnel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dernel"
},
"expansion": "dernel",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro-nor",
"3": "darnelle"
},
"expansion": "Old Northern French darnelle",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "dernelle"
},
"expansion": "French dernelle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "darnette"
},
"expansion": "darnette",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*darjan",
"4": "",
"5": "to harm, injure"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *darjan (“to harm, injure”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "darne"
},
"expansion": "Walloon darne",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "derne",
"t": "stunned, dazed, drunk"
},
"expansion": "derne (“stunned, dazed, drunk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verdarnt"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch verdarnt",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verdaernt",
"t": "stunned, dumbfounded, angry"
},
"expansion": "verdaernt (“stunned, dumbfounded, angry”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English darnel, dernel, from Old Northern French darnelle ( > dialectal French dernelle, darnette), of Germanic origin, possibly Proto-West Germanic *darjan (“to harm, injure”).\nRelated to Walloon darne, derne (“stunned, dazed, drunk”), Middle Dutch verdarnt, verdaernt (“stunned, dumbfounded, angry”). The association with being dazed or drunkenness is due to the well-known intoxicating effects of the plant.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "darnels",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "darnel (usually uncountable, plural darnels)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"sense": "various species of ryegrass",
"word": "Persian darnel"
},
{
"sense": "various species of ryegrass",
"word": "white darnel"
},
{
"sense": "various species of ryegrass",
"word": "red darnel"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "Darnell"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A species of ryegrass, Lolium temulentum, often found in wheat fields and often host to a fungus intoxicating to humans and animals."
],
"links": [
[
"ryegrass",
"ryegrass"
],
[
"Lolium temulentum",
"Lolium temulentum#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Various species of Lolium, especially as a weed in wheat fields."
],
"links": [
[
"Lolium",
"Lolium#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɑːnəɫ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "Lolium temulentum",
"word": "poison darnel"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "iraka"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "glušica",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "глушица"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jull"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zitzània"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "毒麥"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "dúmài",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "毒麦"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "giftig rajgræs"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dolik"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "lolo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "myrkkyraiheinä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ivraie enivrante"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xoio"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lerica"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tarela"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Taumel-Lolch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Taumellolch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Rauschgras"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "aîra",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αἶρα"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "zizánion",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ζιζάνιον"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "szédítő vadóc"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "konkolyperje"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zizzania"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "loglio"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "lolium"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "skjæraks"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "svimling"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "raigras"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "życica roczna"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "joio"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cizânia"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sălbăție"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "plével opʹjanjájuščij",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пле́вел опьяня́ющий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "plével pʹjanjáščij",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пле́вел пьяня́щий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "golovolóm",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "головоло́м"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cizaña"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cizaña forrajera"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "espantapájaros"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "dårrepe"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "lojo"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "logio"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "loi"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "type of ryegrass found in wheatfields",
"word": "efrau"
}
],
"word": "darnel"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.