See carapace on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for carapace meaning in All languages combined (16.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qsb-ibe"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "carapace",
"t": "tortoise shell"
},
"expansion": "French carapace (“tortoise shell”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "es",
"3": "carapacho"
},
"expansion": "Spanish carapacho",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "carabassa"
},
"expansion": "Catalan carabassa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κάραβος",
"3": "",
"4": "beetle"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κάραβος (kárabos, “beetle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "scarabaeus"
},
"expansion": "Latin scarabaeus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "scarab"
},
"expansion": "scarab",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "galápago",
"t": "kind of turtle"
},
"expansion": "Spanish galápago (“kind of turtle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "calipash"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of calipash",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French carapace (“tortoise shell”), from Spanish carapacho, of unknown origin, but likely from an extinct Ibero-Mediterranean substrate language.\nCompare Catalan carabassa, Ancient Greek κάραβος (kárabos, “beetle”), Latin scarabaeus (the source of scarab); also Spanish galápago (“kind of turtle”). Doublet of calipash.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carapaces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "carapace (plural carapaces)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "carapaced"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "carapaceous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "carapacial"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "often holonymous",
"word": "exoskeleton"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Animal body parts",
"orig": "en:Animal body parts",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Animals",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Lifeforms",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hard protective covering of bone or chitin, especially one which covers the dorsal portion of an animal."
],
"id": "en-carapace-en-noun-en:animal_covering",
"links": [
[
"bone",
"bone"
],
[
"chitin",
"chitin"
],
[
"dorsal",
"dorsal"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:animal covering"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "rugdop"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "rugskild"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čerupka",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "черупка"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "closca"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clotxa"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "甲殼"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiǎké, jiǎqiào",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "甲壳"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štít"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "carapax"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "schild"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "karapaco"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "kilpi"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "selkäkilpi"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "panssari"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carapace"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Carapax"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "of turtles and tortoises",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rückenschild"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "of turtles and tortoises",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rückenpanzer"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "of crustaceans",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schale"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kélyfos",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κέλυφος"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "káfkalo",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "καύκαλο"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bakskjöldur"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"note": "of crustaceans",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "casóg"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carapace"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esoscheletro"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"alt": "こうら",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōra",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "甲羅"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "pam",
"lang": "Kapampangan",
"note": "of crabs and alike",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "talukab"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gapgak",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "갑각"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "karapas"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "کاراڤس"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "karapaks"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carapaça"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "mayt'una"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "carapace"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "karapáks",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "карапа́кс"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ščitók",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "щито́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ščit",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "щит"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "páncirʹ",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "па́нцирь"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carapacho"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caparazón"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "grà-dɔɔng",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "กระดอง"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1928, Edward A. Ross, World Drift, New York, London: The Century Co., page 12",
"text": "So, little by little, youth loosens the hard carapace of confining custom their elders have built over the human heart.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010 January 8, Simon Jenkins, “The proliferation of nuclear panic is politics at its most ghoulish”, in The Guardian, §: “Comment & Debate”, page 29, column 4",
"text": "This is all a massive failure of science to pierce the carapace of public ignorance.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in figurative use"
],
"id": "en-carapace-en-noun-QPWHBQff"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɛɹ.əˌpeɪs/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkæ.ɹəˌpeɪs/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-carapace.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carapace.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carapace.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:carapace"
],
"word": "carapace"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "carapace",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: carapace",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: carapace"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "calipash",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: calipash",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: calipash"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "carapace",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: carapace",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: carapace"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "carapaça",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: carapaça",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: carapaça"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "carapace",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: carapace",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: carapace"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "qsb-ibe"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
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{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "es",
"3": "carapacho",
"4": "",
"5": "carapace, shell",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Spanish carapacho (“carapace, shell”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "es",
"3": "carapacho",
"t": "carapace, shell"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Spanish carapacho (“carapace, shell”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Spanish carapacho (“carapace, shell”), of uncertain origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carapaces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "carapace f (plural carapaces)",
"name": "fr-noun"
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],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shell"
],
"id": "en-carapace-fr-noun-zmNcTqv~",
"links": [
[
"shell",
"shell"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Trésor de la langue française informatisé"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Mecanautes-carapace.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Mecanautes-carapace.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Mecanautes-carapace.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Mecanautes-carapace.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Mecanautes-carapace.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "carapace"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "es"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fr",
"3": "carapace",
"4": "",
"5": "tortoise shell",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French carapace (“tortoise shell”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fr",
"3": "carapace",
"t": "tortoise shell"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French carapace (“tortoise shell”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French carapace (“tortoise shell”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carapaci",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "carapace m (plural carapaci)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ca‧ra‧pà‧ce"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"carapace"
],
"id": "en-carapace-it-noun-HpGxaPYZ",
"links": [
[
"carapace",
"carapace#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
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]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.raˈpa.t͡ʃe/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-atʃe"
}
],
"word": "carapace"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
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{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "carapace",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French carapace",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "carapace"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French carapace",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French carapace.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carapace",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-f-e-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "o carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carapacea",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niște carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carapacele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "unei carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carapacei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "unor carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carapacelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carapaceo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carapacelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "carapace"
},
"expansion": "carapace f (plural carapace)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"gpd": "carapacelor",
"gpi": "carapace",
"gsd": "carapacei",
"gsi": "carapace",
"n": "",
"npd": "carapacele",
"npi": "carapace",
"nsd": "carapacea",
"nsi": "carapace",
"vp": "carapacelor",
"vs": "carapace",
"vs2": "carapaceo"
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shell (of a turtle)"
],
"id": "en-carapace-ro-noun-2523j5Pa",
"links": [
[
"shell",
"shell"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "carapace"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Spanish",
"English terms derived from a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia",
"English terms derived from substrate languages",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"en:Animal body parts"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qsb-ibe"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "carapace",
"t": "tortoise shell"
},
"expansion": "French carapace (“tortoise shell”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "es",
"3": "carapacho"
},
"expansion": "Spanish carapacho",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "carabassa"
},
"expansion": "Catalan carabassa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κάραβος",
"3": "",
"4": "beetle"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κάραβος (kárabos, “beetle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "scarabaeus"
},
"expansion": "Latin scarabaeus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "scarab"
},
"expansion": "scarab",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "galápago",
"t": "kind of turtle"
},
"expansion": "Spanish galápago (“kind of turtle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "calipash"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of calipash",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French carapace (“tortoise shell”), from Spanish carapacho, of unknown origin, but likely from an extinct Ibero-Mediterranean substrate language.\nCompare Catalan carabassa, Ancient Greek κάραβος (kárabos, “beetle”), Latin scarabaeus (the source of scarab); also Spanish galápago (“kind of turtle”). Doublet of calipash.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carapaces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "carapace (plural carapaces)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "carapaced"
},
{
"word": "carapaceous"
},
{
"word": "carapacial"
},
{
"english": "often holonymous",
"word": "exoskeleton"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A hard protective covering of bone or chitin, especially one which covers the dorsal portion of an animal."
],
"links": [
[
"bone",
"bone"
],
[
"chitin",
"chitin"
],
[
"dorsal",
"dorsal"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:animal covering"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1928, Edward A. Ross, World Drift, New York, London: The Century Co., page 12",
"text": "So, little by little, youth loosens the hard carapace of confining custom their elders have built over the human heart.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010 January 8, Simon Jenkins, “The proliferation of nuclear panic is politics at its most ghoulish”, in The Guardian, §: “Comment & Debate”, page 29, column 4",
"text": "This is all a massive failure of science to pierce the carapace of public ignorance.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in figurative use"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɛɹ.əˌpeɪs/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkæ.ɹəˌpeɪs/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-carapace.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carapace.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carapace.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carapace.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carapace.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "rugdop"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "rugskild"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čerupka",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "черупка"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "closca"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clotxa"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "甲殼"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiǎké, jiǎqiào",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "甲壳"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štít"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "carapax"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "schild"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "karapaco"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "kilpi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "selkäkilpi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "panssari"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carapace"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Carapax"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "of turtles and tortoises",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rückenschild"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "of turtles and tortoises",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rückenpanzer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "of crustaceans",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schale"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kélyfos",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κέλυφος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "káfkalo",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "καύκαλο"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bakskjöldur"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"note": "of crustaceans",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "casóg"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carapace"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esoscheletro"
},
{
"alt": "こうら",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōra",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "甲羅"
},
{
"code": "pam",
"lang": "Kapampangan",
"note": "of crabs and alike",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "talukab"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gapgak",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "갑각"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "karapas"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "کاراڤس"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "karapaks"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carapaça"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "mayt'una"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "carapace"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "karapáks",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "карапа́кс"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ščitók",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "щито́к"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ščit",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "щит"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "páncirʹ",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "па́нцирь"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carapacho"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caparazón"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "grà-dɔɔng",
"sense": "hard protective covering",
"word": "กระดอง"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:carapace"
],
"word": "carapace"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "carapace",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: carapace",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: carapace"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "calipash",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: calipash",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: calipash"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "carapace",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: carapace",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: carapace"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "carapaça",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: carapaça",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: carapaça"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "carapace",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: carapace",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: carapace"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "qsb-ibe"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "es",
"3": "carapacho",
"4": "",
"5": "carapace, shell",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Spanish carapacho (“carapace, shell”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "es",
"3": "carapacho",
"t": "carapace, shell"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Spanish carapacho (“carapace, shell”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Spanish carapacho (“carapace, shell”), of uncertain origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carapaces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "carapace f (plural carapaces)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine nouns",
"French lemmas",
"French nouns",
"French terms borrowed from Spanish",
"French terms derived from Spanish",
"French terms derived from a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia",
"French terms with audio links",
"French terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"glosses": [
"shell"
],
"links": [
[
"shell",
"shell"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Trésor de la langue française informatisé"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Mecanautes-carapace.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Mecanautes-carapace.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Mecanautes-carapace.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Mecanautes-carapace.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Mecanautes-carapace.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "carapace"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "es"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fr",
"3": "carapace",
"4": "",
"5": "tortoise shell",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French carapace (“tortoise shell”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fr",
"3": "carapace",
"t": "tortoise shell"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French carapace (“tortoise shell”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French carapace (“tortoise shell”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carapaci",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "carapace m (plural carapaci)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ca‧ra‧pà‧ce"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian 4-syllable words",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms borrowed from French",
"Italian terms derived from French",
"Italian terms derived from Spanish",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Italian/atʃe",
"Rhymes:Italian/atʃe/4 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"carapace"
],
"links": [
[
"carapace",
"carapace#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"it:carapace"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.raˈpa.t͡ʃe/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-atʃe"
}
],
"word": "carapace"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "carapace",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French carapace",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "carapace"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French carapace",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French carapace.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carapace",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-f-e-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "o carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carapacea",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niște carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carapacele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "unei carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carapacei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "unor carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carapacelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carapace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carapaceo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carapacelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "carapace"
},
"expansion": "carapace f (plural carapace)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"gpd": "carapacelor",
"gpi": "carapace",
"gsd": "carapacei",
"gsi": "carapace",
"n": "",
"npd": "carapacele",
"npi": "carapace",
"nsd": "carapacea",
"nsi": "carapace",
"vp": "carapacelor",
"vs": "carapace",
"vs2": "carapaceo"
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian feminine nouns",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms derived from French"
],
"glosses": [
"shell (of a turtle)"
],
"links": [
[
"shell",
"shell"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "carapace"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.