See byrja on Wiktionary
{
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"form": "byrja",
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"form": "byrjandi",
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"participle",
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},
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"form": "byrjaður",
"source": "conjugation",
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"participle",
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"form": "byrja!",
"source": "conjugation",
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"form": "byrjaðar",
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"form": "byrjaðan",
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"form": "byrjuð",
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"form": "byrjuðum",
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"form": "byrjaðri",
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"dative",
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"form": "bydja",
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},
{
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{
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13,
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"form": "burde",
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{
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},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "byrjum",
"impr_2pl": "byrið",
"impr_2sg": "byrja",
"infinitive": "byrja",
"mp_impr_1pl": "byrjumsk",
"mp_impr_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_impr_2sg": "byrjask",
"mp_infinitive": "byrjask",
"mp_past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðumsk",
"mp_past_ind_1sg": "byrjuðumk",
"mp_past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuzk",
"mp_past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðusk",
"mp_past_ind_3sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_part": "byrjazk",
"mp_past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðimsk",
"mp_past_sub_1sg": "byrjuðumk",
"mp_past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðizk",
"mp_past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3pl": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_pres_ind_1pl": "byrjumsk",
"mp_pres_ind_1sg": "byrjumk",
"mp_pres_ind_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_pres_ind_2sg": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_ind_3pl": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_ind_3sg": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_part": "byrjandisk",
"mp_pres_sub_1pl": "byrimsk",
"mp_pres_sub_1sg": "byrjumk",
"mp_pres_sub_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_pres_sub_2sg": "byrisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3pl": "byrisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3sg": "byrisk",
"past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "byrjaði",
"past_part": "byrjaðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "byrjaði",
"past_sub_3sg": "byrjaði",
"personal": "no",
"pres_ind_1pl": "byrjum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_ind_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "byrjar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "byrja",
"pres_ind_3sg": "byrjar",
"pres_part": "byrjandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "byrim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_sub_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "byrir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "byri",
"pres_sub_3sg": "byrir",
"title1": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, active (weak class 2)",
"title2": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, mediopassive (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-blank-active"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "byrjum",
"impr_2pl": "byrið",
"impr_2sg": "byrja",
"infinitive": "byrja",
"mode": "act",
"past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "byrjaði",
"past_part": "byrjaðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "byrjaði",
"past_sub_3sg": "byrjaði",
"pres_ind_1pl": "byrjum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_ind_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "byrjar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "byrja",
"pres_ind_3sg": "byrjar",
"pres_part": "byrjandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "byrim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_sub_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "byrir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "byri",
"pres_sub_3sg": "byrir",
"title": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, active (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table-impers"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrja"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaðr"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjar"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaði"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrir"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaði"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
7
],
[
13,
17
]
],
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"english": "he gets fair wind",
"literal_meaning": "it blows well for him",
"text": "honum byrjar vel",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
7
],
[
13,
17
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"english": "he gets foul wind",
"text": "honum byrjar illa",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to blow (in a specified way)"
],
"id": "en-byrja-non-verb-AYkHmzg5",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dat<for someone>"
},
"expansion": "[with dative ‘for someone’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"dative",
"‘for",
"someone’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"blow",
"blow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(impersonal) to blow (in a specified way) [with dative ‘for someone’]"
],
"tags": [
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to blow, be windy"
],
"id": "en-byrja-non-verb-4tEXgDBg",
"links": [
[
"blow",
"blow"
],
[
"windy",
"windy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(impersonal, intransitive) to blow, be windy"
],
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"word": "byrja"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "byrja"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: byrja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: byrja"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "byrja"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: byrja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: byrja"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "byrja"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: byrja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: byrja"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "byria"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: byria\nSwedish: börja",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: byria\nSwedish: börja"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "byriæ"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: byriæ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: byriæ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "børje",
"3": "burde"
},
"expansion": "Danish: børje, burde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: børje, burde"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-scy",
"2": "børja"
},
"expansion": "Scanian: børja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scanian: børja"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-gut",
"2": "byre"
},
"expansion": "Gutnish: byre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gutnish: byre"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "begin"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burjaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *burjaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-weak2-j",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"10": "{{{ppast2}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{ppast3}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pp2}}}",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{spast2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{2}}}",
"9": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "byrja",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "byrja",
"name": "non-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "byr",
"voice": "active"
},
"name": "non-conj-weak2-j"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "byrjum",
"impr_2pl": "byrið",
"impr_2sg": "byrja",
"infinitive": "byrja",
"mp_impr_1pl": "byrjumsk",
"mp_impr_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_impr_2sg": "byrjask",
"mp_infinitive": "byrjask",
"mp_past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðumsk",
"mp_past_ind_1sg": "byrjuðumk",
"mp_past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuzk",
"mp_past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðusk",
"mp_past_ind_3sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_part": "byrjazk",
"mp_past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðimsk",
"mp_past_sub_1sg": "byrjuðumk",
"mp_past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðizk",
"mp_past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3pl": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_pres_ind_1pl": "byrjumsk",
"mp_pres_ind_1sg": "byrjumk",
"mp_pres_ind_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_pres_ind_2sg": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_ind_3pl": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_ind_3sg": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_part": "byrjandisk",
"mp_pres_sub_1pl": "byrimsk",
"mp_pres_sub_1sg": "byrjumk",
"mp_pres_sub_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_pres_sub_2sg": "byrisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3pl": "byrisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3sg": "byrisk",
"past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "byrjaði",
"past_part": "byrjaðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "byrjaði",
"past_sub_3sg": "byrjaði",
"personal": "",
"pres_ind_1pl": "byrjum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_ind_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "byrjar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "byrja",
"pres_ind_3sg": "byrjar",
"pres_part": "byrjandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "byrim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_sub_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "byrir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "byri",
"pres_sub_3sg": "byrir",
"title1": "Conjugation of byrja — active (weak class 2)",
"title2": "Conjugation of byrja — mediopassive (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-blank-active"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "byrjum",
"impr_2pl": "byrið",
"impr_2sg": "byrja",
"infinitive": "byrja",
"mode": "act",
"past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "byrjaði",
"past_part": "byrjaðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "byrjaði",
"past_sub_3sg": "byrjaði",
"pres_ind_1pl": "byrjum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_ind_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "byrjar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "byrja",
"pres_ind_3sg": "byrjar",
"pres_part": "byrjandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "byrim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_sub_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "byrir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "byri",
"pres_sub_3sg": "byrir",
"title": "Conjugation of byrja — active (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrja",
"2": "infinitive",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjandi",
"2": "pres_part",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaðr",
"2": "past_part",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrja",
"2": "pres_ind_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaða",
"2": "past_ind_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrja",
"2": "pres_sub_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaða",
"2": "past_sub_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjar",
"2": "pres_ind_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaðir",
"2": "past_ind_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrir",
"2": "pres_sub_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaðir",
"2": "past_sub_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjar",
"2": "pres_ind_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaði",
"2": "past_ind_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrir",
"2": "pres_sub_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaði",
"2": "past_sub_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjum",
"2": "pres_ind_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjuðum",
"2": "past_ind_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrim",
"2": "pres_sub_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaðim",
"2": "past_sub_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrið",
"2": "pres_ind_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjuðuð",
"2": "past_ind_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrið",
"2": "pres_sub_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaðið",
"2": "past_sub_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrja",
"2": "pres_ind_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjuðu",
"2": "past_ind_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byri",
"2": "pres_sub_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaði",
"2": "past_sub_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrja",
"2": "impr_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjum",
"2": "impr_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrið",
"2": "impr_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to originate"
],
"id": "en-byrja-non-verb-Qj1eyNQ3",
"links": [
[
"originate",
"originate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to originate"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to begin"
],
"id": "en-byrja-non-verb-DLs6TMLQ",
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to begin"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "byrja"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "burda",
"3": "burde",
"4": "byrja",
"5": "byrje",
"t4": "should"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: burda, burde, byrja, byrje (“should”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: burda, burde, byrja, byrje (“should”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "burde",
"t": "should"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: burde (“should”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: burde (“should”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "böra"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: böra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: böra"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "böra",
"t": "should"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: böra (“should”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: böra (“should”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "befit"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burjaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *burjaną, with senses possibly from *gaburjaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-weak1-short",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "burðr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "buriðr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "byrr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "burði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-weak2-j",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"10": "{{{ppast2}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{ppast3}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pp2}}}",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{spast2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{2}}}",
"9": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "byrja",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "byrja",
"name": "non-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "byr",
"2": "burð",
"3": "byrð",
"personal": "no",
"pp": "buri",
"voice": "active"
},
"name": "non-conj-weak1-short"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "byrjum",
"impr_2pl": "byrið",
"impr_2sg": "byr",
"infinitive": "byrja",
"mp_impr_1pl": "byrjumsk",
"mp_impr_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_impr_2sg": "byrsk",
"mp_infinitive": "byrjask",
"mp_past_ind_1pl": "burðumsk",
"mp_past_ind_1sg": "burðumk",
"mp_past_ind_2pl": "burðuzk",
"mp_past_ind_2sg": "burðisk",
"mp_past_ind_3pl": "burðusk",
"mp_past_ind_3sg": "burðisk",
"mp_past_part": "byrzk, burizk",
"mp_past_sub_1pl": "byrðimsk",
"mp_past_sub_1sg": "byrðumk",
"mp_past_sub_2pl": "byrðizk",
"mp_past_sub_2sg": "byrðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3pl": "byrðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3sg": "byrðisk",
"mp_pres_ind_1pl": "byrjumsk",
"mp_pres_ind_1sg": "byrjumk",
"mp_pres_ind_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_pres_ind_2sg": "byrsk",
"mp_pres_ind_3pl": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_ind_3sg": "byrsk",
"mp_pres_part": "byrjandisk",
"mp_pres_sub_1pl": "byrimsk",
"mp_pres_sub_1sg": "byrjumk",
"mp_pres_sub_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_pres_sub_2sg": "byrisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3pl": "byrisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3sg": "byrisk",
"past_ind_1pl": "burðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "burða",
"past_ind_2pl": "burðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "burðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "burðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "burði",
"past_part": "burðr, buriðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "byrðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "byrða",
"past_sub_2pl": "byrðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "byrðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "byrði",
"past_sub_3sg": "byrði",
"personal": "no",
"pres_ind_1pl": "byrjum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "byr",
"pres_ind_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "byrr",
"pres_ind_3pl": "byrja",
"pres_ind_3sg": "byrr",
"pres_part": "byrjandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "byrim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_sub_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "byrir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "byri",
"pres_sub_3sg": "byri",
"title1": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, active (weak class 1)",
"title2": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, mediopassive (weak class 1)"
},
"name": "non-conj-blank-active"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "byrjum",
"impr_2pl": "byrið",
"impr_2sg": "byr",
"infinitive": "byrja",
"mode": "act",
"past_ind_1pl": "burðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "burða",
"past_ind_2pl": "burðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "burðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "burðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "burði",
"past_part": "burðr, buriðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "byrðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "byrða",
"past_sub_2pl": "byrðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "byrðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "byrði",
"past_sub_3sg": "byrði",
"pres_ind_1pl": "byrjum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "byr",
"pres_ind_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "byrr",
"pres_ind_3pl": "byrja",
"pres_ind_3sg": "byrr",
"pres_part": "byrjandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "byrim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_sub_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "byrir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "byri",
"pres_sub_3sg": "byri",
"title": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, active (weak class 1)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table-impers"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrja"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "burðr, buriðr"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrr"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "burði"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byri"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrði"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byr",
"personal": "no",
"voice": "active"
},
"name": "non-conj-weak2-j"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "byrjum",
"impr_2pl": "byrið",
"impr_2sg": "byrja",
"infinitive": "byrja",
"mp_impr_1pl": "byrjumsk",
"mp_impr_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_impr_2sg": "byrjask",
"mp_infinitive": "byrjask",
"mp_past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðumsk",
"mp_past_ind_1sg": "byrjuðumk",
"mp_past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuzk",
"mp_past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðusk",
"mp_past_ind_3sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_part": "byrjazk",
"mp_past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðimsk",
"mp_past_sub_1sg": "byrjuðumk",
"mp_past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðizk",
"mp_past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3pl": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_pres_ind_1pl": "byrjumsk",
"mp_pres_ind_1sg": "byrjumk",
"mp_pres_ind_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_pres_ind_2sg": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_ind_3pl": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_ind_3sg": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_part": "byrjandisk",
"mp_pres_sub_1pl": "byrimsk",
"mp_pres_sub_1sg": "byrjumk",
"mp_pres_sub_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_pres_sub_2sg": "byrisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3pl": "byrisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3sg": "byrisk",
"past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "byrjaði",
"past_part": "byrjaðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "byrjaði",
"past_sub_3sg": "byrjaði",
"personal": "no",
"pres_ind_1pl": "byrjum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_ind_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "byrjar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "byrja",
"pres_ind_3sg": "byrjar",
"pres_part": "byrjandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "byrim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_sub_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "byrir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "byri",
"pres_sub_3sg": "byrir",
"title1": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, active (weak class 2)",
"title2": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, mediopassive (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-blank-active"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "byrjum",
"impr_2pl": "byrið",
"impr_2sg": "byrja",
"infinitive": "byrja",
"mode": "act",
"past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "byrjaði",
"past_part": "byrjaðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "byrjaði",
"past_sub_3sg": "byrjaði",
"pres_ind_1pl": "byrjum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_ind_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "byrjar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "byrja",
"pres_ind_3sg": "byrjar",
"pres_part": "byrjandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "byrim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_sub_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "byrir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "byri",
"pres_sub_3sg": "byrir",
"title": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, active (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table-impers"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrja"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaðr"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjar"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaði"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrir"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaði"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 3 9 2 8 3 3 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 37 2 3 2 3 2 3 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 36 2 3 1 2 1 2 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
10
]
],
"english": "as befits an obedient and humble son",
"text": "sem byrjar lyðnum syni oc litillatom",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to befit, to beseem"
],
"id": "en-byrja-non-verb-zIdStwE3",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dat<someone>"
},
"expansion": "[with dative ‘someone’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"dative",
"‘someone’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"befit",
"befit"
],
[
"beseem",
"beseem"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(impersonal) to befit, to beseem [with dative ‘someone’]"
],
"tags": [
"impersonal"
]
}
],
"word": "byrja"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse class 1 weak short-stem verbs",
"Old Norse class 2 weak verbs",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "non",
"3": "byrja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse byrja",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burjaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse byrja, from Proto-Germanic *burjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðu",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjað",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjað",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "byrji",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaður",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja!",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjið!",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"10": "byrjaðu",
"11": "supine",
"12": "byrjað",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "third person singular past indicative",
"8": "byrjaði",
"9": "third person plural past indicative",
"f3request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"f5request": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "byrja (third person singular past indicative byrjaði, third person plural past indicative byrjaðu, supine byrjað)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaði",
"2": "byrjaðu",
"3": "byrjað"
},
"expansion": "byrja (third person singular past indicative byrjaði, third person plural past indicative byrjaðu, supine byrjað)",
"name": "fo-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Faroese entries with incorrect language header",
"Faroese lemmas",
"Faroese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Faroese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Faroese terms derived from Old Norse",
"Faroese terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Faroese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Faroese terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer-",
"Faroese terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Faroese terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Faroese verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to begin"
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
]
}
],
"word": "byrja"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse class 1 weak short-stem verbs",
"Old Norse class 2 weak verbs",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "byrjandi"
},
{
"word": "byrjun"
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "non",
"3": "byrja"
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"expansion": "Old Norse byrja",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burjaną",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse byrja, from Proto-Germanic *burjaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjað",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaður",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjað",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjað",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðrar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðra",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðra",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðra",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"10": "byrjað",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{33}}}",
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"3": "weak verb",
"4": "",
"5": "third-person singular past indicative",
"6": "byrjaði",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{22}}}",
"9": "supine",
"cat2": "weak verbs",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "byrja (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative byrjaði, supine byrjað)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Icelandic transitive verbs",
"Icelandic verbs",
"Icelandic weak verbs",
"Most used Icelandic verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪrja",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪrja/2 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"to begin"
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to begin"
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"weak"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɪrja/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪrja"
}
],
"word": "byrja"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse class 1 weak short-stem verbs",
"Old Norse class 2 weak verbs",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "byrja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse byrja",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse byrja.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "byrjar",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjast",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjande",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "byrj",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "bydja",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "byrre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "børja",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "byrje",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
13,
18
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
14
]
],
"english": "When does it start?",
"text": "Kva tid byrjar det?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to begin, start"
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"start",
"start"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "begynne"
},
{
"word": "starte"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/²bʏrja/"
}
],
"word": "byrja"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse class 1 weak short-stem verbs",
"Old Norse class 2 weak verbs",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "byrja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse byrja",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse byrja.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bør",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "burde",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "burt",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bydja",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "byrre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "børja",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "byrje",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"5": "-",
"6": "-"
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"name": "nn-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "verb",
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{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "burda"
}
],
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk pre-2012 forms"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of burda"
],
"links": [
[
"burda",
"burda#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pre-2012) alternative form of burda"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/²bʏrja/"
}
],
"word": "byrja"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Old Norse class 2 weak verbs",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "wind"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the noun byrr (“fair wind”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-weak2-j",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"10": "{{{ppast2}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{ppast3}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pp2}}}",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{spast2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{2}}}",
"9": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "byrja",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "byrja",
"name": "non-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "byr",
"personal": "no",
"voice": "active"
},
"name": "non-conj-weak2-j"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "byrjum",
"impr_2pl": "byrið",
"impr_2sg": "byrja",
"infinitive": "byrja",
"mp_impr_1pl": "byrjumsk",
"mp_impr_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_impr_2sg": "byrjask",
"mp_infinitive": "byrjask",
"mp_past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðumsk",
"mp_past_ind_1sg": "byrjuðumk",
"mp_past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuzk",
"mp_past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðusk",
"mp_past_ind_3sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_part": "byrjazk",
"mp_past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðimsk",
"mp_past_sub_1sg": "byrjuðumk",
"mp_past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðizk",
"mp_past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3pl": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_pres_ind_1pl": "byrjumsk",
"mp_pres_ind_1sg": "byrjumk",
"mp_pres_ind_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_pres_ind_2sg": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_ind_3pl": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_ind_3sg": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_part": "byrjandisk",
"mp_pres_sub_1pl": "byrimsk",
"mp_pres_sub_1sg": "byrjumk",
"mp_pres_sub_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_pres_sub_2sg": "byrisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3pl": "byrisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3sg": "byrisk",
"past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "byrjaði",
"past_part": "byrjaðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "byrjaði",
"past_sub_3sg": "byrjaði",
"personal": "no",
"pres_ind_1pl": "byrjum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_ind_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "byrjar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "byrja",
"pres_ind_3sg": "byrjar",
"pres_part": "byrjandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "byrim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_sub_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "byrir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "byri",
"pres_sub_3sg": "byrir",
"title1": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, active (weak class 2)",
"title2": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, mediopassive (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-blank-active"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "byrjum",
"impr_2pl": "byrið",
"impr_2sg": "byrja",
"infinitive": "byrja",
"mode": "act",
"past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "byrjaði",
"past_part": "byrjaðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "byrjaði",
"past_sub_3sg": "byrjaði",
"pres_ind_1pl": "byrjum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_ind_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "byrjar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "byrja",
"pres_ind_3sg": "byrjar",
"pres_part": "byrjandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "byrim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_sub_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "byrir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "byri",
"pres_sub_3sg": "byrir",
"title": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, active (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table-impers"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrja"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaðr"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjar"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaði"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrir"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaði"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse impersonal verbs",
"Old Norse terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
7
],
[
13,
17
]
],
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"english": "he gets fair wind",
"literal_meaning": "it blows well for him",
"text": "honum byrjar vel",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
7
],
[
13,
17
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"english": "he gets foul wind",
"text": "honum byrjar illa",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to blow (in a specified way)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dat<for someone>"
},
"expansion": "[with dative ‘for someone’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"dative",
"‘for",
"someone’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"blow",
"blow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(impersonal) to blow (in a specified way) [with dative ‘for someone’]"
],
"tags": [
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse impersonal verbs",
"Old Norse intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to blow, be windy"
],
"links": [
[
"blow",
"blow"
],
[
"windy",
"windy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(impersonal, intransitive) to blow, be windy"
],
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"word": "byrja"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse class 1 weak short-stem verbs",
"Old Norse class 2 weak verbs",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "byrja"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: byrja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: byrja"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "byrja"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: byrja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: byrja"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "byrja"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: byrja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: byrja"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "byria"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: byria\nSwedish: börja",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: byria\nSwedish: börja"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "byriæ"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: byriæ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: byriæ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "børje",
"3": "burde"
},
"expansion": "Danish: børje, burde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: børje, burde"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-scy",
"2": "børja"
},
"expansion": "Scanian: børja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scanian: børja"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-gut",
"2": "byre"
},
"expansion": "Gutnish: byre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gutnish: byre"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "begin"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burjaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *burjaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-weak2-j",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byrir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byrim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"10": "{{{ppast2}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{ppast3}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pp2}}}",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{spast2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{2}}}",
"9": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "byrja",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "byrja",
"name": "non-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "byr",
"voice": "active"
},
"name": "non-conj-weak2-j"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "byrjum",
"impr_2pl": "byrið",
"impr_2sg": "byrja",
"infinitive": "byrja",
"mp_impr_1pl": "byrjumsk",
"mp_impr_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_impr_2sg": "byrjask",
"mp_infinitive": "byrjask",
"mp_past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðumsk",
"mp_past_ind_1sg": "byrjuðumk",
"mp_past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuzk",
"mp_past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðusk",
"mp_past_ind_3sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_part": "byrjazk",
"mp_past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðimsk",
"mp_past_sub_1sg": "byrjuðumk",
"mp_past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðizk",
"mp_past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3pl": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_pres_ind_1pl": "byrjumsk",
"mp_pres_ind_1sg": "byrjumk",
"mp_pres_ind_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_pres_ind_2sg": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_ind_3pl": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_ind_3sg": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_part": "byrjandisk",
"mp_pres_sub_1pl": "byrimsk",
"mp_pres_sub_1sg": "byrjumk",
"mp_pres_sub_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_pres_sub_2sg": "byrisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3pl": "byrisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3sg": "byrisk",
"past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "byrjaði",
"past_part": "byrjaðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "byrjaði",
"past_sub_3sg": "byrjaði",
"personal": "",
"pres_ind_1pl": "byrjum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_ind_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "byrjar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "byrja",
"pres_ind_3sg": "byrjar",
"pres_part": "byrjandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "byrim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_sub_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "byrir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "byri",
"pres_sub_3sg": "byrir",
"title1": "Conjugation of byrja — active (weak class 2)",
"title2": "Conjugation of byrja — mediopassive (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-blank-active"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "byrjum",
"impr_2pl": "byrið",
"impr_2sg": "byrja",
"infinitive": "byrja",
"mode": "act",
"past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "byrjaði",
"past_part": "byrjaðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "byrjaði",
"past_sub_3sg": "byrjaði",
"pres_ind_1pl": "byrjum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_ind_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "byrjar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "byrja",
"pres_ind_3sg": "byrjar",
"pres_part": "byrjandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "byrim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_sub_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "byrir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "byri",
"pres_sub_3sg": "byrir",
"title": "Conjugation of byrja — active (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrja",
"2": "infinitive",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjandi",
"2": "pres_part",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaðr",
"2": "past_part",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrja",
"2": "pres_ind_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaða",
"2": "past_ind_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrja",
"2": "pres_sub_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaða",
"2": "past_sub_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjar",
"2": "pres_ind_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaðir",
"2": "past_ind_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrir",
"2": "pres_sub_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaðir",
"2": "past_sub_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjar",
"2": "pres_ind_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaði",
"2": "past_ind_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrir",
"2": "pres_sub_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaði",
"2": "past_sub_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjum",
"2": "pres_ind_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjuðum",
"2": "past_ind_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrim",
"2": "pres_sub_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaðim",
"2": "past_sub_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrið",
"2": "pres_ind_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjuðuð",
"2": "past_ind_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrið",
"2": "pres_sub_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaðið",
"2": "past_sub_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrja",
"2": "pres_ind_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjuðu",
"2": "past_ind_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byri",
"2": "pres_sub_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaði",
"2": "past_sub_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrja",
"2": "impr_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjum",
"2": "impr_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrið",
"2": "impr_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to originate"
],
"links": [
[
"originate",
"originate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to originate"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to begin"
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to begin"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "byrja"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse class 1 weak short-stem verbs",
"Old Norse class 2 weak verbs",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "burda",
"3": "burde",
"4": "byrja",
"5": "byrje",
"t4": "should"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: burda, burde, byrja, byrje (“should”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: burda, burde, byrja, byrje (“should”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "burde",
"t": "should"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: burde (“should”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: burde (“should”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "böra"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: böra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: böra"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "böra",
"t": "should"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: böra (“should”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: böra (“should”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "befit"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burjaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *burjaną, with senses possibly from *gaburjaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-weak1-short",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "burðr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "buriðr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "byrr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "burði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-weak2-j",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "byrja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaðr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byrjaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"10": "{{{ppast2}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{ppast3}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pp2}}}",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{spast2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{2}}}",
"9": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "byrja",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "byrja",
"name": "non-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "byr",
"2": "burð",
"3": "byrð",
"personal": "no",
"pp": "buri",
"voice": "active"
},
"name": "non-conj-weak1-short"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "byrjum",
"impr_2pl": "byrið",
"impr_2sg": "byr",
"infinitive": "byrja",
"mp_impr_1pl": "byrjumsk",
"mp_impr_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_impr_2sg": "byrsk",
"mp_infinitive": "byrjask",
"mp_past_ind_1pl": "burðumsk",
"mp_past_ind_1sg": "burðumk",
"mp_past_ind_2pl": "burðuzk",
"mp_past_ind_2sg": "burðisk",
"mp_past_ind_3pl": "burðusk",
"mp_past_ind_3sg": "burðisk",
"mp_past_part": "byrzk, burizk",
"mp_past_sub_1pl": "byrðimsk",
"mp_past_sub_1sg": "byrðumk",
"mp_past_sub_2pl": "byrðizk",
"mp_past_sub_2sg": "byrðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3pl": "byrðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3sg": "byrðisk",
"mp_pres_ind_1pl": "byrjumsk",
"mp_pres_ind_1sg": "byrjumk",
"mp_pres_ind_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_pres_ind_2sg": "byrsk",
"mp_pres_ind_3pl": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_ind_3sg": "byrsk",
"mp_pres_part": "byrjandisk",
"mp_pres_sub_1pl": "byrimsk",
"mp_pres_sub_1sg": "byrjumk",
"mp_pres_sub_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_pres_sub_2sg": "byrisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3pl": "byrisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3sg": "byrisk",
"past_ind_1pl": "burðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "burða",
"past_ind_2pl": "burðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "burðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "burðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "burði",
"past_part": "burðr, buriðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "byrðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "byrða",
"past_sub_2pl": "byrðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "byrðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "byrði",
"past_sub_3sg": "byrði",
"personal": "no",
"pres_ind_1pl": "byrjum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "byr",
"pres_ind_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "byrr",
"pres_ind_3pl": "byrja",
"pres_ind_3sg": "byrr",
"pres_part": "byrjandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "byrim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_sub_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "byrir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "byri",
"pres_sub_3sg": "byri",
"title1": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, active (weak class 1)",
"title2": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, mediopassive (weak class 1)"
},
"name": "non-conj-blank-active"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "byrjum",
"impr_2pl": "byrið",
"impr_2sg": "byr",
"infinitive": "byrja",
"mode": "act",
"past_ind_1pl": "burðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "burða",
"past_ind_2pl": "burðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "burðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "burðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "burði",
"past_part": "burðr, buriðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "byrðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "byrða",
"past_sub_2pl": "byrðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "byrðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "byrði",
"past_sub_3sg": "byrði",
"pres_ind_1pl": "byrjum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "byr",
"pres_ind_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "byrr",
"pres_ind_3pl": "byrja",
"pres_ind_3sg": "byrr",
"pres_part": "byrjandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "byrim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_sub_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "byrir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "byri",
"pres_sub_3sg": "byri",
"title": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, active (weak class 1)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table-impers"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrja"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "burðr, buriðr"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrr"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "burði"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byri"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrði"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byr",
"personal": "no",
"voice": "active"
},
"name": "non-conj-weak2-j"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "byrjum",
"impr_2pl": "byrið",
"impr_2sg": "byrja",
"infinitive": "byrja",
"mp_impr_1pl": "byrjumsk",
"mp_impr_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_impr_2sg": "byrjask",
"mp_infinitive": "byrjask",
"mp_past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðumsk",
"mp_past_ind_1sg": "byrjuðumk",
"mp_past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuzk",
"mp_past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðusk",
"mp_past_ind_3sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_part": "byrjazk",
"mp_past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðimsk",
"mp_past_sub_1sg": "byrjuðumk",
"mp_past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðizk",
"mp_past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3pl": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3sg": "byrjaðisk",
"mp_pres_ind_1pl": "byrjumsk",
"mp_pres_ind_1sg": "byrjumk",
"mp_pres_ind_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_pres_ind_2sg": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_ind_3pl": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_ind_3sg": "byrjask",
"mp_pres_part": "byrjandisk",
"mp_pres_sub_1pl": "byrimsk",
"mp_pres_sub_1sg": "byrjumk",
"mp_pres_sub_2pl": "byrizk",
"mp_pres_sub_2sg": "byrisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3pl": "byrisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3sg": "byrisk",
"past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "byrjaði",
"past_part": "byrjaðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "byrjaði",
"past_sub_3sg": "byrjaði",
"personal": "no",
"pres_ind_1pl": "byrjum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_ind_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "byrjar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "byrja",
"pres_ind_3sg": "byrjar",
"pres_part": "byrjandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "byrim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_sub_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "byrir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "byri",
"pres_sub_3sg": "byrir",
"title1": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, active (weak class 2)",
"title2": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, mediopassive (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-blank-active"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "byrjum",
"impr_2pl": "byrið",
"impr_2sg": "byrja",
"infinitive": "byrja",
"mode": "act",
"past_ind_1pl": "byrjuðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_ind_2pl": "byrjuðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "byrjuðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "byrjaði",
"past_part": "byrjaðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "byrjaðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "byrjaða",
"past_sub_2pl": "byrjaðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "byrjaðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "byrjaði",
"past_sub_3sg": "byrjaði",
"pres_ind_1pl": "byrjum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_ind_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "byrjar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "byrja",
"pres_ind_3sg": "byrjar",
"pres_part": "byrjandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "byrim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "byrja",
"pres_sub_2pl": "byrið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "byrir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "byri",
"pres_sub_3sg": "byrir",
"title": "Conjugation of byrja — impersonal, active (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table-impers"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrja"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaðr"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjar"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaði"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrir"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "byrjaði"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse impersonal verbs",
"Old Norse terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
10
]
],
"english": "as befits an obedient and humble son",
"text": "sem byrjar lyðnum syni oc litillatom",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to befit, to beseem"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dat<someone>"
},
"expansion": "[with dative ‘someone’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"dative",
"‘someone’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"befit",
"befit"
],
[
"beseem",
"beseem"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(impersonal) to befit, to beseem [with dative ‘someone’]"
],
"tags": [
"impersonal"
]
}
],
"word": "byrja"
}
Download raw JSONL data for byrja meaning in All languages combined (40.2kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"byrja"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "byrja",
"trace": "started on line 4, detected on line 4"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"byrja"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "byrja",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 4"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"byrja"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "byrja",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: pre-2012",
"path": [
"byrja"
],
"section": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "byrja",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: pre-2012",
"path": [
"byrja"
],
"section": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "byrja",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (74c5344 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.