See brenin on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "queen",
"word": "brenhines"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "kingdom",
"word": "brenhiniaeth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "dynasty",
"word": "brenhinllin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "royal",
"word": "brenhinol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "royalist",
"word": "brenhinwr, brenhinwraig"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "henbane",
"word": "crys y brenin"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "brenhin"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh brenhin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*brɨɣėntin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėntin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*brigantīnos",
"4": "",
"5": "(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *brigantīnos (“(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh brenhin, from Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėntin, from Proto-Celtic *brigantīnos (“(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brenhinoedd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brenhines",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "frenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "mrenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "brenhinoedd",
"f": "brenhines"
},
"expansion": "brenin m (plural brenhinoedd, feminine brenhines)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "brenhines"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "castell"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "esgob"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "marchog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "gwerinwr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "as"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dau"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tri"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pedwar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pump"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "chwech"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "saith"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "wyth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "naw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "deg"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "jac"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "milwr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "jocer"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "77 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Monarchy",
"orig": "cy:Monarchy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"king, monarch, sovereign (abbrev. bre)"
],
"id": "en-brenin-cy-noun-Yc6AgCTp",
"links": [
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"monarch",
"monarch"
],
[
"sovereign",
"sovereign"
],
[
"bre",
"bre"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "cy:Chess",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 99 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "cy:Chess",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"king"
],
"id": "en-brenin-cy-noun-6B3-aYQa",
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"king",
"king"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) king"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Card games",
"orig": "cy:Card games",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "30 25 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 22 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 25 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 24 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 15 76",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Card games",
"orig": "cy:Card games",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 32 52",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Male",
"orig": "cy:Male",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"king"
],
"id": "en-brenin-cy-noun-6B3-aYQa1",
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
],
[
"king",
"king"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(card games) king"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛnɪn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbreːnɪn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛnɪn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rhi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pennaeth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tywysog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "teyrn"
}
],
"word": "brenin"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh links with redundant wikilinks",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰerǵʰ-",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"cy:Card games",
"cy:Chess",
"cy:Male",
"cy:Monarchy"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "queen",
"word": "brenhines"
},
{
"english": "kingdom",
"word": "brenhiniaeth"
},
{
"english": "dynasty",
"word": "brenhinllin"
},
{
"english": "royal",
"word": "brenhinol"
},
{
"english": "royalist",
"word": "brenhinwr, brenhinwraig"
},
{
"english": "henbane",
"word": "crys y brenin"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "brenhin"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh brenhin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*brɨɣėntin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėntin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*brigantīnos",
"4": "",
"5": "(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *brigantīnos (“(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh brenhin, from Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėntin, from Proto-Celtic *brigantīnos (“(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brenhinoedd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brenhines",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "frenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "mrenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "brenhinoedd",
"f": "brenhines"
},
"expansion": "brenin m (plural brenhinoedd, feminine brenhines)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "brenhines"
},
{
"word": "castell"
},
{
"word": "esgob"
},
{
"word": "marchog"
},
{
"word": "gwerinwr"
},
{
"word": "as"
},
{
"word": "dau"
},
{
"word": "tri"
},
{
"word": "pedwar"
},
{
"word": "pump"
},
{
"word": "chwech"
},
{
"word": "saith"
},
{
"word": "wyth"
},
{
"word": "naw"
},
{
"word": "deg"
},
{
"word": "jac"
},
{
"word": "milwr"
},
{
"word": "jocer"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"king, monarch, sovereign (abbrev. bre)"
],
"links": [
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"monarch",
"monarch"
],
[
"sovereign",
"sovereign"
],
[
"bre",
"bre"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"cy:Chess"
],
"glosses": [
"king"
],
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"king",
"king"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) king"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"cy:Card games"
],
"glosses": [
"king"
],
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
],
[
"king",
"king"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(card games) king"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛnɪn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbreːnɪn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛnɪn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rhi"
},
{
"word": "pennaeth"
},
{
"word": "tywysog"
},
{
"word": "teyrn"
}
],
"word": "brenin"
}
Download raw JSONL data for brenin meaning in All languages combined (3.7kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: brenin/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"brenin"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brenin",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: brenin/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"brenin"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brenin",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: brenin/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"brenin"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brenin",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.