See brenin in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "kingfish",
"translation": "kingfish",
"word": "brenhinbysg"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "queen",
"translation": "queen",
"word": "brenhines"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "kingdom",
"translation": "kingdom",
"word": "brenhiniaeth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "dynasty",
"translation": "dynasty",
"word": "brenhinllin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "royal",
"translation": "royal",
"word": "brenhinol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "royalist",
"translation": "royalist",
"word": "brenhinwr, brenhinwraig"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "short-crested blue monarch",
"translation": "short-crested blue monarch",
"word": "brenin byrgrib"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "celestial monarch",
"translation": "celestial monarch",
"word": "brenin goleulas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "black-naped monarch",
"translation": "black-naped monarch",
"word": "brenin gwarddu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "henbane",
"translation": "henbane",
"word": "crys y brenin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "human excrement; king's balm",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"translation": "human excrement; king's balm",
"word": "eli'r brenin"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "brenhin"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh brenhin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*brɨɣėntin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėntin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*brigantīnos",
"4": "",
"5": "(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *brigantīnos (“(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh brenhin, from Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėntin, from Proto-Celtic *brigantīnos (“(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brenhinoedd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brenhines",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "frenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "mrenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "brenhinoedd",
"f": "brenhines"
},
"expansion": "brenin m (plural brenhinoedd, feminine brenhines)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 5 5 49",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Monarchy",
"orig": "cy:Monarchy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"king, monarch, sovereign (abbrev. bre)"
],
"id": "en-brenin-cy-noun-Yc6AgCTp",
"links": [
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"monarch",
"monarch"
],
[
"sovereign",
"sovereign"
],
[
"bre",
"bre"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rhi"
},
{
"word": "teyrn"
},
{
"word": "pennaeth"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "cy:Chess",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 94 0 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "cy:Chess",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 47 10 34",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Male",
"orig": "cy:Male",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"king"
],
"id": "en-brenin-cy-noun-6B3-aYQa",
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"king",
"king"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) king"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Card games",
"orig": "cy:Card games",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 17 52 24",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Card games",
"orig": "cy:Card games",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"king"
],
"id": "en-brenin-cy-noun-6B3-aYQa1",
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
],
[
"king",
"king"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(card games) king"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Ornithology",
"orig": "cy:Ornithology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 24 26 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 22 25 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 22 22 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 21 18 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 20 52",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Corvoid birds",
"orig": "cy:Corvoid birds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 5 5 49",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Monarchy",
"orig": "cy:Monarchy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"monarch (Hypothymis)"
],
"id": "en-brenin-cy-noun-RFQLSx8h",
"links": [
[
"ornithology",
"ornithology"
],
[
"monarch",
"monarch"
],
[
"Hypothymis",
"Hypothymis#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ornithology) monarch (Hypothymis)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"ornithology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛnɪn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbreːnɪn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛnɪn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "brenin"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh links with redundant wikilinks",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰerǵʰ-",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"cy:Card games",
"cy:Chess",
"cy:Corvoid birds",
"cy:Male",
"cy:Monarchy"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "kingfish",
"translation": "kingfish",
"word": "brenhinbysg"
},
{
"english": "queen",
"translation": "queen",
"word": "brenhines"
},
{
"english": "kingdom",
"translation": "kingdom",
"word": "brenhiniaeth"
},
{
"english": "dynasty",
"translation": "dynasty",
"word": "brenhinllin"
},
{
"english": "royal",
"translation": "royal",
"word": "brenhinol"
},
{
"english": "royalist",
"translation": "royalist",
"word": "brenhinwr, brenhinwraig"
},
{
"english": "short-crested blue monarch",
"translation": "short-crested blue monarch",
"word": "brenin byrgrib"
},
{
"english": "celestial monarch",
"translation": "celestial monarch",
"word": "brenin goleulas"
},
{
"english": "black-naped monarch",
"translation": "black-naped monarch",
"word": "brenin gwarddu"
},
{
"english": "henbane",
"translation": "henbane",
"word": "crys y brenin"
},
{
"english": "human excrement; king's balm",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"translation": "human excrement; king's balm",
"word": "eli'r brenin"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "brenhin"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh brenhin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*brɨɣėntin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėntin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*brigantīnos",
"4": "",
"5": "(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *brigantīnos (“(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh brenhin, from Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėntin, from Proto-Celtic *brigantīnos (“(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brenhinoedd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brenhines",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "frenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "mrenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "brenhinoedd",
"f": "brenhines"
},
"expansion": "brenin m (plural brenhinoedd, feminine brenhines)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"king, monarch, sovereign (abbrev. bre)"
],
"links": [
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"monarch",
"monarch"
],
[
"sovereign",
"sovereign"
],
[
"bre",
"bre"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rhi"
},
{
"word": "teyrn"
},
{
"word": "pennaeth"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"cy:Chess"
],
"glosses": [
"king"
],
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"king",
"king"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) king"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"cy:Card games"
],
"glosses": [
"king"
],
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
],
[
"king",
"king"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(card games) king"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"cy:Ornithology"
],
"glosses": [
"monarch (Hypothymis)"
],
"links": [
[
"ornithology",
"ornithology"
],
[
"monarch",
"monarch"
],
[
"Hypothymis",
"Hypothymis#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ornithology) monarch (Hypothymis)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"ornithology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛnɪn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbreːnɪn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛnɪn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "brenin"
}
Download raw JSONL data for brenin meaning in Welsh (4.3kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: brenin/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"brenin"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brenin",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: brenin/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"brenin"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brenin",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: brenin/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"brenin"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brenin",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.