See brenin in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "queen",
"word": "brenhines"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "kingdom",
"word": "brenhiniaeth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "dynasty",
"word": "brenhinllin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "royal",
"word": "brenhinol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "royalist",
"word": "brenhinwr, brenhinwraig"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "brenhin"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh brenhin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*brɨɣėntin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėntin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*brigantīnos",
"4": "",
"5": "(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *brigantīnos (“(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh brenhin, from Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėntin, from Proto-Celtic *brigantīnos (“(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brenhinoedd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brenhines",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "frenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "mrenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "brenhinoedd",
"f": "brenhines"
},
"expansion": "brenin m (plural brenhinoedd, feminine brenhines)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "brenhines"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "castell"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "esgob"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "marchog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "gwerinwr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "as"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dau"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tri"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pedwar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pump"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "chwech"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "saith"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "wyth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "naw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "deg"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "jac"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "milwr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "jocer"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 22 34",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Card games",
"orig": "cy:Card games",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 16 16",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Male",
"orig": "cy:Male",
"parents": [
"Gender",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 10 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Monarchy",
"orig": "cy:Monarchy",
"parents": [
"Forms of government",
"High society",
"Government",
"Society",
"Politics",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"king, monarch, sovereign (abbrev. bre)"
],
"id": "en-brenin-cy-noun-Yc6AgCTp",
"links": [
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"monarch",
"monarch"
],
[
"sovereign",
"sovereign"
],
[
"bre",
"bre"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "cy:Chess",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "35 46 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "cy:Chess",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"king"
],
"id": "en-brenin-cy-noun-6B3-aYQa",
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"king",
"king"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) king"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Card games",
"orig": "cy:Card games",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 27 73",
"sense": "card game",
"word": "joker"
}
],
"glosses": [
"king"
],
"id": "en-brenin-cy-noun-6B3-aYQa1",
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
],
[
"king",
"king"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(card games) king"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛnɪn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbreːnɪn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛnɪn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rhi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pennaeth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tywysog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "teyrn"
}
],
"word": "brenin"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰerǵʰ-",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"cy:Card games",
"cy:Chess",
"cy:Male",
"cy:Monarchy"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "queen",
"word": "brenhines"
},
{
"english": "kingdom",
"word": "brenhiniaeth"
},
{
"english": "dynasty",
"word": "brenhinllin"
},
{
"english": "royal",
"word": "brenhinol"
},
{
"english": "royalist",
"word": "brenhinwr, brenhinwraig"
},
{
"sense": "card game",
"word": "joker"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "brenhin"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh brenhin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*brɨɣėntin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėntin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*brigantīnos",
"4": "",
"5": "(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *brigantīnos (“(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh brenhin, from Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėntin, from Proto-Celtic *brigantīnos (“(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brenhinoedd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brenhines",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "frenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "mrenin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "brenhinoedd",
"f": "brenhines"
},
"expansion": "brenin m (plural brenhinoedd, feminine brenhines)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "brenhines"
},
{
"word": "castell"
},
{
"word": "esgob"
},
{
"word": "marchog"
},
{
"word": "gwerinwr"
},
{
"word": "as"
},
{
"word": "dau"
},
{
"word": "tri"
},
{
"word": "pedwar"
},
{
"word": "pump"
},
{
"word": "chwech"
},
{
"word": "saith"
},
{
"word": "wyth"
},
{
"word": "naw"
},
{
"word": "deg"
},
{
"word": "jac"
},
{
"word": "milwr"
},
{
"word": "jocer"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"king, monarch, sovereign (abbrev. bre)"
],
"links": [
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"monarch",
"monarch"
],
[
"sovereign",
"sovereign"
],
[
"bre",
"bre"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"cy:Chess"
],
"glosses": [
"king"
],
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"king",
"king"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) king"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"cy:Card games"
],
"glosses": [
"king"
],
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
],
[
"king",
"king"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(card games) king"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛnɪn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbreːnɪn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛnɪn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rhi"
},
{
"word": "pennaeth"
},
{
"word": "tywysog"
},
{
"word": "teyrn"
}
],
"word": "brenin"
}
Download raw JSONL data for brenin meaning in Welsh (3.7kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2522",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: frenin, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"brenin"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brenin",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2522",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: mrenin, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"brenin"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brenin",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2530",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: unchanged, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"brenin"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brenin",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'unchanged'",
"path": [
"brenin"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brenin",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.