See beset on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "besetment"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "besetter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "besetting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "umbeset"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "unbeset"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "besetten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English besetten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "besettan",
"t": "to beset; set beside; set near; appoint; place; own; possess"
},
"expansion": "Old English besettan (“to beset; set beside; set near; appoint; place; own; possess”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bisatjaną",
"t": "to set near; set around"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bisatjaną (“to set near; set around”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "be",
"3": "set"
},
"expansion": "be- + set",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "besätte",
"t": "to occupy"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian besätte (“to occupy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "besette",
"t": "to occupy"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian besette (“to occupy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bezetten",
"t": "to sit in; occupy; fill"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bezetten (“to sit in; occupy; fill”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "besetten",
"t": "to occupy"
},
"expansion": "German Low German besetten (“to occupy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "besetzen",
"t": "to seize; occupy; garrison"
},
"expansion": "German besetzen (“to seize; occupy; garrison”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "besætte",
"t": "to occupy; obsess"
},
"expansion": "Danish besætte (“to occupy; obsess”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "besätta",
"t": "to fill; occupy; beset"
},
"expansion": "Swedish besätta (“to fill; occupy; beset”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English besetten, bisetten, from Old English besettan (“to beset; set beside; set near; appoint; place; own; possess”), from Proto-Germanic *bisatjaną (“to set near; set around”), equivalent to be- + set. Cognate with Saterland Frisian besätte (“to occupy”), West Frisian besette (“to occupy”), Dutch bezetten (“to sit in; occupy; fill”), German Low German besetten (“to occupy”), German besetzen (“to seize; occupy; garrison”), Danish besætte (“to occupy; obsess”), Swedish besätta (“to fill; occupy; beset”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "besets",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "besetting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "beset",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "beset",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "besets",
"2": "besetting",
"3": "beset"
},
"expansion": "beset (third-person singular simple present besets, present participle besetting, simple past and past participle beset)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "74 4 19 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 20 20 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with be-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 8 18 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English verb forms using redundant wikisyntax",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 4 19 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 68 4 16 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 70 3 18 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "64 6 24 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 7 20 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 7 20 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 7 20 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 6 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "65 9 19 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 6 24 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 5 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "64 7 23 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 6 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 7 20 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 7 20 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 6 20 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 6 22 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 6 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 7 20 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1985, Charles L. Scott, The Genus Haworthia (Liliaceae): A Taxonomic Revision, page 80:",
"text": "Vegetatively it is the nearest to H. translucens with its oblong-lanceolate leaves, with the margins and keel beset with pellucid teeth, but it differs and is characterised by the greyish-black quadrantly positioned globose flowers; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To surround or hem in."
],
"id": "en-beset-en-verb--vxK6yMg",
"links": [
[
"surround",
"surround"
],
[
"hem in",
"hem in"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To surround or hem in."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bebay"
},
{
"word": "beleaguer"
},
{
"word": "besiege"
},
{
"word": "encircle"
},
{
"word": "environ"
},
{
"word": "inbind"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "iktanafa",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "اِكْتَنَفَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obsaždam",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "обсаждам"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obkrǎžavam",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "обкръжавам"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "ümber piirama"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "circondare"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "circumsedeo"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ópkruži",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "о́пкружи"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ópkoli",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "о́пколи"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "mi",
"english": "by large numbers",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "pūrau"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "popoti"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "popoke"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "karapoti"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "cercar"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "împresura"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "okružátʹ",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "окружа́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tesnítʹ",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "тесни́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "cercar"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "sitiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "otóčuvaty",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ото́чувати"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 4 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "otočýty",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "оточи́ти"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "“Nay, for matter o’ that, he never doth any mischief,” said the woman; “but to be sure it is necessary he should keep some arms for his own safety; for his house hath been beset more than once; and it is not many nights ago that we thought we heard thieves about it […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 July 28, Paul Clifton, “£67 million Isle of Wight line extension submitted to DfT”, in RAIL, number 936, page 21:",
"text": "Track and platforms have been upgraded, but refurbished trains from Vivarail have been beset by software problems.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To attack or assail, especially from all sides."
],
"id": "en-beset-en-verb-nPRiUfDV",
"links": [
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"assail",
"assail"
],
[
"side",
"side"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, sometimes figurative) To attack or assail, especially from all sides."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "beleaguer"
},
{
"word": "besiege"
},
{
"word": "environ"
},
{
"word": "harry"
},
{
"word": "pester"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"sometimes",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "14 82 2 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "assetjar"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 82 2 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "assediare"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 82 2 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "assaltare"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 82 2 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ópsadi",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "о́псади"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 82 2 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "osaždátʹ",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "осажда́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 82 2 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tesnítʹ",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "тесни́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 82 2 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "asediar"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 82 2 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "ansätta"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 82 2 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "anfäkta"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 82 2 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "obljaháty",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "обляга́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 82 2 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "obsidáty",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "обсіда́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 82 2 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "otóčuvaty",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ото́чувати"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To decorate something with jewels etc."
],
"id": "en-beset-en-verb-3iuElJbP",
"links": [
[
"decorate",
"decorate"
],
[
"jewel",
"jewel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To decorate something with jewels etc."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bedazzle"
},
{
"word": "bejewel"
},
{
"word": "bespangle"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to decorate something with jewels, etc.",
"word": "incastonare"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "úkrasi",
"sense": "to decorate something with jewels, etc.",
"word": "у́краси"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ukrašátʹ",
"sense": "to decorate something with jewels, etc.",
"word": "украша́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prykrašáty",
"sense": "to decorate something with jewels, etc.",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прикраша́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 96 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ozdóbljuvaty",
"sense": "to decorate something with jewels, etc.",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "оздо́блювати"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "en:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a ship, to get trapped by ice."
],
"id": "en-beset-en-verb-CcofElfo",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) Of a ship, to get trapped by ice."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 3 2 88",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "get trapped by ice",
"word": "juuttua jäihin"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 3 2 88",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "get trapped by ice",
"word": "incagliare"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 3 2 88",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zámrzne",
"sense": "get trapped by ice",
"word": "за́мрзне"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 3 2 88",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zaledenétʹ",
"sense": "get trapped by ice",
"word": "заледене́ть"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɪˈsɛt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-beset.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-beset.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-beset.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-beset.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-beset.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛt"
}
],
"word": "beset"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "besetting"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "bezetten"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bezetten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "dum",
"3": "besetten"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch besetten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*bisetten"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *bisetten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bisatjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bisatjaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch bezetten, from Middle Dutch besetten, from Old Dutch *bisetten, from Proto-Germanic *bisatjaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "beset",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "besettende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "beset",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "besettende",
"2": "beset"
},
"expansion": "beset (present beset, present participle besettende, past participle beset)",
"name": "af-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "63 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to occupy, to fill"
],
"id": "en-beset-af-verb-FF35RyBJ",
"links": [
[
"occupy",
"occupy"
],
[
"fill",
"fill"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to occupy, to fill"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "af",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "af:Military",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to occupy militarily"
],
"id": "en-beset-af-verb-cpf7m0x4",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"occupy",
"occupy"
],
[
"militarily",
"militarily"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, military) to occupy militarily"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bəˈsɛt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛt"
}
],
"word": "beset"
}
{
"categories": [
"Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"Afrikaans lemmas",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Afrikaans verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Afrikaans/ɛt"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "besetting"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "bezetten"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bezetten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "dum",
"3": "besetten"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch besetten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*bisetten"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *bisetten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bisatjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bisatjaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch bezetten, from Middle Dutch besetten, from Old Dutch *bisetten, from Proto-Germanic *bisatjaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "beset",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "besettende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "beset",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "besettende",
"2": "beset"
},
"expansion": "beset (present beset, present participle besettende, past participle beset)",
"name": "af-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Afrikaans transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to occupy, to fill"
],
"links": [
[
"occupy",
"occupy"
],
[
"fill",
"fill"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to occupy, to fill"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Afrikaans transitive verbs",
"af:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"to occupy militarily"
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"occupy",
"occupy"
],
[
"militarily",
"militarily"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, military) to occupy militarily"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bəˈsɛt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛt"
}
],
"word": "beset"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English irregular past participles",
"English irregular simple past forms",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms prefixed with be-",
"English verb forms using redundant wikisyntax",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Irish translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɛt",
"Rhymes:English/ɛt/2 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "besetment"
},
{
"word": "besetter"
},
{
"word": "besetting"
},
{
"word": "umbeset"
},
{
"word": "unbeset"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "besetten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English besetten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "besettan",
"t": "to beset; set beside; set near; appoint; place; own; possess"
},
"expansion": "Old English besettan (“to beset; set beside; set near; appoint; place; own; possess”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bisatjaną",
"t": "to set near; set around"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bisatjaną (“to set near; set around”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "be",
"3": "set"
},
"expansion": "be- + set",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "besätte",
"t": "to occupy"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian besätte (“to occupy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "besette",
"t": "to occupy"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian besette (“to occupy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bezetten",
"t": "to sit in; occupy; fill"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bezetten (“to sit in; occupy; fill”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "besetten",
"t": "to occupy"
},
"expansion": "German Low German besetten (“to occupy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "besetzen",
"t": "to seize; occupy; garrison"
},
"expansion": "German besetzen (“to seize; occupy; garrison”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "besætte",
"t": "to occupy; obsess"
},
"expansion": "Danish besætte (“to occupy; obsess”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "besätta",
"t": "to fill; occupy; beset"
},
"expansion": "Swedish besätta (“to fill; occupy; beset”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English besetten, bisetten, from Old English besettan (“to beset; set beside; set near; appoint; place; own; possess”), from Proto-Germanic *bisatjaną (“to set near; set around”), equivalent to be- + set. Cognate with Saterland Frisian besätte (“to occupy”), West Frisian besette (“to occupy”), Dutch bezetten (“to sit in; occupy; fill”), German Low German besetten (“to occupy”), German besetzen (“to seize; occupy; garrison”), Danish besætte (“to occupy; obsess”), Swedish besätta (“to fill; occupy; beset”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "besets",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "besetting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "beset",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "beset",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "besets",
"2": "besetting",
"3": "beset"
},
"expansion": "beset (third-person singular simple present besets, present participle besetting, simple past and past participle beset)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1985, Charles L. Scott, The Genus Haworthia (Liliaceae): A Taxonomic Revision, page 80:",
"text": "Vegetatively it is the nearest to H. translucens with its oblong-lanceolate leaves, with the margins and keel beset with pellucid teeth, but it differs and is characterised by the greyish-black quadrantly positioned globose flowers; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To surround or hem in."
],
"links": [
[
"surround",
"surround"
],
[
"hem in",
"hem in"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To surround or hem in."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bebay"
},
{
"word": "beleaguer"
},
{
"word": "besiege"
},
{
"word": "encircle"
},
{
"word": "environ"
},
{
"word": "inbind"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "“Nay, for matter o’ that, he never doth any mischief,” said the woman; “but to be sure it is necessary he should keep some arms for his own safety; for his house hath been beset more than once; and it is not many nights ago that we thought we heard thieves about it […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 July 28, Paul Clifton, “£67 million Isle of Wight line extension submitted to DfT”, in RAIL, number 936, page 21:",
"text": "Track and platforms have been upgraded, but refurbished trains from Vivarail have been beset by software problems.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To attack or assail, especially from all sides."
],
"links": [
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"assail",
"assail"
],
[
"side",
"side"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, sometimes figurative) To attack or assail, especially from all sides."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "beleaguer"
},
{
"word": "besiege"
},
{
"word": "environ"
},
{
"word": "harry"
},
{
"word": "pester"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"sometimes",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To decorate something with jewels etc."
],
"links": [
[
"decorate",
"decorate"
],
[
"jewel",
"jewel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To decorate something with jewels etc."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bedazzle"
},
{
"word": "bejewel"
},
{
"word": "bespangle"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"Of a ship, to get trapped by ice."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) Of a ship, to get trapped by ice."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɪˈsɛt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-beset.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-beset.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-beset.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-beset.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-beset.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "iktanafa",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "اِكْتَنَفَ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obsaždam",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "обсаждам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obkrǎžavam",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "обкръжавам"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "ümber piirama"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "circondare"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "circumsedeo"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ópkruži",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "о́пкружи"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ópkoli",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "о́пколи"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "by large numbers",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "pūrau"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "popoti"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "popoke"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "karapoti"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "cercar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "împresura"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "okružátʹ",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "окружа́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tesnítʹ",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "тесни́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "cercar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"word": "sitiar"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "otóčuvaty",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ото́чувати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "otočýty",
"sense": "to surround or hem in",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "оточи́ти"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "assetjar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "assediare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "assaltare"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ópsadi",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "о́псади"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "osaždátʹ",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "осажда́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tesnítʹ",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "тесни́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "asediar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "ansätta"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"word": "anfäkta"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "obljaháty",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "обляга́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "obsidáty",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "обсіда́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "otóčuvaty",
"sense": "to attack, especially from all sides",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ото́чувати"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to decorate something with jewels, etc.",
"word": "incastonare"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "úkrasi",
"sense": "to decorate something with jewels, etc.",
"word": "у́краси"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ukrašátʹ",
"sense": "to decorate something with jewels, etc.",
"word": "украша́ть"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prykrašáty",
"sense": "to decorate something with jewels, etc.",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прикраша́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ozdóbljuvaty",
"sense": "to decorate something with jewels, etc.",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "оздо́блювати"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "get trapped by ice",
"word": "juuttua jäihin"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "get trapped by ice",
"word": "incagliare"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zámrzne",
"sense": "get trapped by ice",
"word": "за́мрзне"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zaledenétʹ",
"sense": "get trapped by ice",
"word": "заледене́ть"
}
],
"word": "beset"
}
Download raw JSONL data for beset meaning in All languages combined (14.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.