See arduous on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for arduous meaning in All languages combined (13.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "arduously"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "arduousness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "unarduous"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃erdʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "arduus",
"4": "",
"5": "lofty, high, steep, hard to reach, difficult, laborious"
},
"expansion": "Latin arduus (“lofty, high, steep, hard to reach, difficult, laborious”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ard",
"3": "",
"4": "high"
},
"expansion": "ard (“high”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin arduus (“lofty, high, steep, hard to reach, difficult, laborious”), akin to Irish ard (“high”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more arduous",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most arduous",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "arduous (comparative more arduous, superlative most arduous)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "arduity"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "90 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "76 17 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The movement towards a peaceful settlement has been a long and arduous political struggle.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2012 May 5, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea 2-1 Liverpool”, in BBC Sport",
"text": "Chelsea survived and can now turn their attentions to the Champions League final against Bayern Munich in Germany later this month as they face an increasingly arduous task to finish in the Premier League's top four.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Needing or using up much energy; testing powers of endurance."
],
"id": "en-arduous-en-adj-nX8udkRt",
"links": [
[
"energy",
"energy"
],
[
"endurance",
"endurance"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šāq",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "شَاق"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "truden",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "труден"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "usilen",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "усилен"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mǎčen",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "мъчен"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "ardu"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gaan¹ fu²",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "艱巨"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gaan¹ geoi⁶",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "艰巨"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "艱巨"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiānjù",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "艰巨"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "anstrengende"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "besværlig"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "uitputtend"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "zwaar"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "moeizaam"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "vaivalloinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "työläs"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "uuvuttava"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "rasittava"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "ankara"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "ardu"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "mühsam"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "anstrengend"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "beschwerlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "erschöpfend"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "megerőltető"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "fárasztó"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "fáradságos"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "arduo"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"alt": "くるしい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kurushii",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "苦しい"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"alt": "なんぎな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nangi-na",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "難儀な"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gonan-ui",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "고난의"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "himdeuneun",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "힘드는"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "slitsom"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "vanskelig"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "uciążliwy"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "arcytrudny"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "árduo"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naprjažónnyj",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "напряжённый"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trúdnyj",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "тру́дный"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tjažólyj",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "тяжёлый"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "mukotrpan"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "arduo"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "riguroso"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "arbetsam"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "besvärlig"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "jobbig"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "ansträngande"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "avancerad"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "krånglig"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "svår"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "ağır"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "çetin"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "gayretli"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "güç"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "zor"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "strǎmen",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "стръмен"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nedostǎpen",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "недостъпен"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "ardu"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "uitputtend"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "zwaar"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "steil"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "moeilijk te beklimmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "jyrkkä"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "vaativa"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "steil"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "meredek"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "arduo"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "vanskelig"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "árduo"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krutój",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "круто́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trudnodostúpnyj",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "труднодосту́пный"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "arduo"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "brant"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "besvärlig"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "sarp"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 23 34",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "çetin"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1805-1814, Dante, Henry Francis Cary (translator), The Divine Comedy\nWhere flames the arduous Spirit of Isidore.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"burning; ardent"
],
"id": "en-arduous-en-adj-vkw-kWKT",
"links": [
[
"burning",
"burning"
],
[
"ardent",
"ardent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) burning; ardent"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1974, Sue Bowder, The American biking atlas & touring guide, page 77",
"text": "Beyond the river, an arduous slope rises 3286 feet in 13 miles.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1999, Scott Ciencin, Mike Fredericks, Dinoverse",
"text": "Mike looked up from the arduous mountain trail. They'd been climbing for five hours and he was beginning to feel irritable.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Jack W. Plunkett, Plunkett's Entertainment & Media Industry Almanac 2006",
"text": "Survivor reaches as many as 28 million viewers who watch contestants win a new Pontiac or guzzle Mountain Dew after scaling an arduous cliff.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Difficult or exhausting to traverse."
],
"id": "en-arduous-en-adj-Jy0CrXab",
"links": [
[
"Difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"exhausting",
"exhausting"
],
[
"traverse",
"traverse"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑː.djuː.əs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑː.d͡ʒuː.əs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑɹ.d͡ʒu.əs/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-arduous.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/En-us-arduous.ogg/En-us-arduous.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/En-us-arduous.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "burdensome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "demanding"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "exhausting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "fatiguing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "laborious"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "onerous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "strenuous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "strugglesome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "wearisome"
}
],
"word": "arduous"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃erdʰ-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English undefined derivations",
"Requests for review of Bengali translations",
"Requests for review of Ido translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "arduously"
},
{
"word": "arduousness"
},
{
"word": "unarduous"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃erdʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "arduus",
"4": "",
"5": "lofty, high, steep, hard to reach, difficult, laborious"
},
"expansion": "Latin arduus (“lofty, high, steep, hard to reach, difficult, laborious”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ard",
"3": "",
"4": "high"
},
"expansion": "ard (“high”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin arduus (“lofty, high, steep, hard to reach, difficult, laborious”), akin to Irish ard (“high”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more arduous",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most arduous",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "arduous (comparative more arduous, superlative most arduous)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "arduity"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The movement towards a peaceful settlement has been a long and arduous political struggle.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2012 May 5, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea 2-1 Liverpool”, in BBC Sport",
"text": "Chelsea survived and can now turn their attentions to the Champions League final against Bayern Munich in Germany later this month as they face an increasingly arduous task to finish in the Premier League's top four.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Needing or using up much energy; testing powers of endurance."
],
"links": [
[
"energy",
"energy"
],
[
"endurance",
"endurance"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1805-1814, Dante, Henry Francis Cary (translator), The Divine Comedy\nWhere flames the arduous Spirit of Isidore.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"burning; ardent"
],
"links": [
[
"burning",
"burning"
],
[
"ardent",
"ardent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) burning; ardent"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1974, Sue Bowder, The American biking atlas & touring guide, page 77",
"text": "Beyond the river, an arduous slope rises 3286 feet in 13 miles.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1999, Scott Ciencin, Mike Fredericks, Dinoverse",
"text": "Mike looked up from the arduous mountain trail. They'd been climbing for five hours and he was beginning to feel irritable.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Jack W. Plunkett, Plunkett's Entertainment & Media Industry Almanac 2006",
"text": "Survivor reaches as many as 28 million viewers who watch contestants win a new Pontiac or guzzle Mountain Dew after scaling an arduous cliff.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Difficult or exhausting to traverse."
],
"links": [
[
"Difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"exhausting",
"exhausting"
],
[
"traverse",
"traverse"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑː.djuː.əs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑː.d͡ʒuː.əs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑɹ.d͡ʒu.əs/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-arduous.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/En-us-arduous.ogg/En-us-arduous.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/En-us-arduous.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "burdensome"
},
{
"word": "demanding"
},
{
"word": "exhausting"
},
{
"word": "fatiguing"
},
{
"word": "laborious"
},
{
"word": "onerous"
},
{
"word": "strenuous"
},
{
"word": "strugglesome"
},
{
"word": "wearisome"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šāq",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "شَاق"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "truden",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "труден"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "usilen",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "усилен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mǎčen",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "мъчен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "ardu"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gaan¹ fu²",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "艱巨"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gaan¹ geoi⁶",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "艰巨"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "艱苦"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "艰苦"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "艱巨"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiānjù",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "艰巨"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "anstrengende"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "besværlig"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "uitputtend"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "zwaar"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "moeizaam"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "vaivalloinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "työläs"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "uuvuttava"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "rasittava"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "ankara"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "ardu"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "mühsam"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "anstrengend"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "beschwerlich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "erschöpfend"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "megerőltető"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "fárasztó"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "fáradságos"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "arduo"
},
{
"alt": "くるしい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kurushii",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "苦しい"
},
{
"alt": "なんぎな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nangi-na",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "難儀な"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gonan-ui",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "고난의"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "himdeuneun",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "힘드는"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "slitsom"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "vanskelig"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "uciążliwy"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "arcytrudny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "árduo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naprjažónnyj",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "напряжённый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trúdnyj",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "тру́дный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tjažólyj",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "тяжёлый"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "mukotrpan"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "arduo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "riguroso"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "arbetsam"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "besvärlig"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "jobbig"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "ansträngande"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "avancerad"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "krånglig"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "svår"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "ağır"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "çetin"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "gayretli"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "güç"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "needing or using up much energy",
"word": "zor"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "strǎmen",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "стръмен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nedostǎpen",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "недостъпен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "ardu"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "uitputtend"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "zwaar"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "steil"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "moeilijk te beklimmen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "jyrkkä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "vaativa"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "steil"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "meredek"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "arduo"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "vanskelig"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "árduo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krutój",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "круто́й"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trudnodostúpnyj",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "труднодосту́пный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "arduo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "brant"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "besvärlig"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "sarp"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "hard to climb",
"word": "çetin"
}
],
"word": "arduous"
}
{
"called_from": "translations/324",
"msg": "possible sense number in translation item: Ido: __IGNORE__ (1), __IGNORE__ (2)",
"path": [
"arduous"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "arduous",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.