See Pest on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for Pest meaning in All languages combined (18.5kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hu",
"3": "Pest"
},
"expansion": "Hungarian Pest",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cu",
"3": "пещь",
"4": "",
"5": "furnace, oven"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Ofen",
"3": "",
"4": "Buda",
"lit": "oven"
},
"expansion": "German Ofen (“Buda”, literally “oven”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Hungarian Pest, ultimately from Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”). Compare German Ofen (“Buda”, literally “oven”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Pest",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "71 16 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest."
],
"id": "en-Pest-en-name-vAHGtMIJ",
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"cities",
"city"
],
[
"Hungarian",
"Hungarian"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
],
[
"Budapest",
"Budapest"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Budapest",
"orig": "en:Places in Budapest",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Hungary",
"orig": "en:Places in Hungary",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: Buda"
},
{
"ref": "2014 January 30, Seth Kugel, “Wintertime Bargains in Budapest”, in The New York Times",
"text": "On a drizzly mid-January evening, I stood at the arches of the wall of Buda Castle, overlooking the Danube and the 19th-century Chain Bridge that links Buda with Pest.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The corresponding part of the current-day city of Budapest, on the eastern side of the Danube."
],
"id": "en-Pest-en-name-vLjKa4Eq",
"links": [
[
"Budapest",
"Budapest#English"
],
[
"Danube",
"Danube"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "20 48 31",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
"word": "Pest"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 48 31",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
"word": "Pest"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 48 31",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "Peşte",
"sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
"word": "پشته"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 48 31",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
"word": "Peşte"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Counties of Hungary",
"orig": "en:Counties of Hungary",
"parents": [
"Counties",
"Places",
"Political subdivisions",
"Names",
"Polities",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Hungary",
"orig": "en:Places in Hungary",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A county in central Hungary, surrounding Budapest."
],
"id": "en-Pest-en-name-wqPKaBCf",
"links": [
[
"Hungary",
"Hungary#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "37 14 48",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Pesth"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɛst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pɛʃt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛʃt"
},
{
"homophone": "pest"
}
],
"word": "Pest"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "pestis"
},
"expansion": "Latin pestis",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "frm",
"3": "peste"
},
"expansion": "Middle French peste",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "pestilencie"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German pestilencie",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pestilentia"
},
"expansion": "Latin pestilentia",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "16th century, from Latin pestis, in part through Middle French peste. Popular shortening of Middle High German pestilencie (14th c.), from related Latin pestilentia, may also have contributed (though this is impossible to prove).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Pest",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesten",
"tags": [
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Pest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f,enrare"
},
"expansion": "Pest f (genitive Pest, plural (rare) Pesten)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f,enrare"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 10 11 13 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5 0",
"word": "Beulenpest"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5 0",
"word": "Geflügelpest"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5 0",
"word": "Hühnerpest"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5 0",
"word": "Lungenpest"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5 0",
"word": "Ölpest"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5 0",
"word": "pestartig"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5 0",
"word": "Pestbeule"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5 0",
"word": "Pestepidemie"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5 0",
"word": "Rinderpest"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5 0",
"word": "Schweinepest"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5 0",
"word": "verpesten"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The plague devastated especially towns and cities.",
"text": "Die Pest wütete besonders in den Städten.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bubonic plague, the plague"
],
"id": "en-Pest-de-noun-QJP59sL5",
"links": [
[
"bubonic plague",
"bubonic plague"
],
[
"plague",
"plague"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually definite) bubonic plague, the plague"
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5 0",
"word": "Pestilenz"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Beulenpest"
},
{
"word": "Schwarzer Tod"
}
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"any of various unrelated epidemic diseases affecting animals"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "Geflügelpest"
},
{
"word": "Hasenpest"
},
{
"word": "Rinderpest"
},
{
"word": "Schweinepest"
}
],
"id": "en-Pest-de-noun-oZNOnbyl",
"links": [
[
"epidemic",
"epidemic"
],
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in compounds) any of various unrelated epidemic diseases affecting animals"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"in-compounds"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "oil spill",
"text": "Ölpest",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "drug plague",
"text": "Drogenpest",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"anything that negatively affects vast areas, especially a natural disaster"
],
"id": "en-Pest-de-noun-rcUK2QcB",
"links": [
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"disaster",
"disaster"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) anything that negatively affects vast areas, especially a natural disaster"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Seuche"
},
{
"word": "Plage"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(literally, “between the plague and cholera”)",
"roman": "a choice between the devil and the deep blue sea",
"text": "die Wahl zwischen Pest und Cholera",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "(literally, “something I hate like the plague.”)",
"roman": "That’s something I really loathe.",
"text": "Sowas hasse ich wie die Pest.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"anything terrible or odious"
],
"id": "en-Pest-de-noun-snez6wC4",
"links": [
[
"terrible",
"terrible"
],
[
"odious",
"odious"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative, informal) anything terrible or odious"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
},
{
"audio": "De-Pest.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/De-Pest.ogg/De-Pest.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/De-Pest.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "Pest"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "Pests",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Pest",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"with-article"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "toponym"
},
"expansion": "Pest n (proper noun, genitive Pests or (optionally with an article) Pest)",
"name": "de-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Places in Hungary",
"orig": "de:Places in Hungary",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pest (a quarter of Budapest, Hungary)"
],
"id": "en-Pest-de-noun-aZbis9wz",
"links": [
[
"Pest",
"Pest#English"
],
[
"Budapest",
"Budapest#English"
],
[
"Hungary",
"Hungary#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"proper-noun"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɛst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pɛʃt/"
}
],
"word": "Pest"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "33 13 17 37",
"word": "pesti"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 13 17 37",
"word": "Újpest"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hu-infl-nom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "front unrounded harmony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-e-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Pest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestnek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesttel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestért",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestté",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestként",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestben",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestnél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesthez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestből",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestről",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesttől",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesté",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestéi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hu-pos-etek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Pested",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestünk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestetek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestjük",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "Pest",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Pest"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Peste",
"2": "e",
"n": "sg"
},
"name": "hu-infl-nom"
},
{
"args": {
"1pl_pl": "Pestjeink",
"1pl_sg": "Pestünk",
"1sg_pl": "Pestjeim",
"1sg_sg": "Pestem",
"2pl_pl": "Pestjeitek",
"2pl_sg": "Pestetek",
"2sg_pl": "Pestjeid",
"2sg_sg": "Pested",
"3pl_pl": "Pestjeik",
"3pl_sg": "Pestjük",
"3sg_pl": "Pestjei",
"3sg_sg": "Pestje",
"n": "sg",
"perspron": ""
},
"name": "hu-infl-pos-table"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 3 3 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 3 4 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest."
],
"id": "en-Pest-hu-name-vAHGtMIJ",
"links": [
[
"Budapest",
"Budapest"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "hu",
"name": "Places in Budapest",
"orig": "hu:Places in Budapest",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "hu",
"name": "Places in Hungary",
"orig": "hu:Places in Hungary",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: Buda"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The corresponding part of current-day Budapest, on the eastern side of the Danube."
],
"id": "en-Pest-hu-name-UeLmXZOT",
"links": [
[
"Budapest",
"Budapest#English"
],
[
"Danube",
"Danube"
]
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "Budapest"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian ellipses",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ellipsis of Budapest."
],
"id": "en-Pest-hu-name-68dE8VHO",
"links": [
[
"Budapest",
"Budapest#Hungarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, loosely) Ellipsis of Budapest."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"broadly",
"ellipsis",
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "hu",
"name": "Places in Hungary",
"orig": "hu:Places in Hungary",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 5 4 74",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "hu",
"name": "Counties of Hungary",
"orig": "hu:Counties of Hungary",
"parents": [
"Counties",
"Places",
"Political subdivisions",
"Names",
"Polities",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An administrative county in central Hungary, surrounding Budapest, often meant to exclude the capital itself."
],
"id": "en-Pest-hu-name-DIRIF6cI",
"links": [
[
"Hungary",
"Hungary#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɛʃt]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛʃt"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"hu:Pest megye"
],
"word": "Pest"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Pest f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hunsrik entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plague"
],
"id": "en-Pest-hrx-noun-KvPexLJp",
"links": [
[
"plague",
"plague"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʰeʃt/"
}
],
"word": "Pest"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Hungarian",
"English terms derived from Hungarian",
"English terms derived from Old Church Slavonic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɛʃt",
"Rhymes:English/ɛʃt/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hu",
"3": "Pest"
},
"expansion": "Hungarian Pest",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cu",
"3": "пещь",
"4": "",
"5": "furnace, oven"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Ofen",
"3": "",
"4": "Buda",
"lit": "oven"
},
"expansion": "German Ofen (“Buda”, literally “oven”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Hungarian Pest, ultimately from Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”). Compare German Ofen (“Buda”, literally “oven”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Pest",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest."
],
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"cities",
"city"
],
[
"Hungarian",
"Hungarian"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
],
[
"Budapest",
"Budapest"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Places in Budapest",
"en:Places in Hungary"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: Buda"
},
{
"ref": "2014 January 30, Seth Kugel, “Wintertime Bargains in Budapest”, in The New York Times",
"text": "On a drizzly mid-January evening, I stood at the arches of the wall of Buda Castle, overlooking the Danube and the 19th-century Chain Bridge that links Buda with Pest.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The corresponding part of the current-day city of Budapest, on the eastern side of the Danube."
],
"links": [
[
"Budapest",
"Budapest#English"
],
[
"Danube",
"Danube"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Counties of Hungary",
"en:Places in Hungary"
],
"glosses": [
"A county in central Hungary, surrounding Budapest."
],
"links": [
[
"Hungary",
"Hungary#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɛst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pɛʃt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛʃt"
},
{
"homophone": "pest"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Pesth"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
"word": "Pest"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
"word": "Pest"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "Peşte",
"sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
"word": "پشته"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
"word": "Peşte"
}
],
"word": "Pest"
}
{
"categories": [
"German 1-syllable words",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German feminine nouns",
"German lemmas",
"German neuter nouns",
"German nouns",
"German proper nouns",
"German terms borrowed from Latin",
"German terms derived from Latin",
"German terms derived from Middle French",
"German terms with IPA pronunciation",
"German terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:German/ɛst",
"Rhymes:German/ɛst/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Beulenpest"
},
{
"word": "Geflügelpest"
},
{
"word": "Hühnerpest"
},
{
"word": "Lungenpest"
},
{
"word": "Ölpest"
},
{
"word": "pestartig"
},
{
"word": "Pestbeule"
},
{
"word": "Pestepidemie"
},
{
"word": "Rinderpest"
},
{
"word": "Schweinepest"
},
{
"word": "verpesten"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "pestis"
},
"expansion": "Latin pestis",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "frm",
"3": "peste"
},
"expansion": "Middle French peste",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "pestilencie"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German pestilencie",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pestilentia"
},
"expansion": "Latin pestilentia",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "16th century, from Latin pestis, in part through Middle French peste. Popular shortening of Middle High German pestilencie (14th c.), from related Latin pestilentia, may also have contributed (though this is impossible to prove).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Pest",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesten",
"tags": [
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Pest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f,enrare"
},
"expansion": "Pest f (genitive Pest, plural (rare) Pesten)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f,enrare"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "Pestilenz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The plague devastated especially towns and cities.",
"text": "Die Pest wütete besonders in den Städten.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bubonic plague, the plague"
],
"links": [
[
"bubonic plague",
"bubonic plague"
],
[
"plague",
"plague"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually definite) bubonic plague, the plague"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Beulenpest"
},
{
"word": "Schwarzer Tod"
}
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"any of various unrelated epidemic diseases affecting animals"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "Geflügelpest"
},
{
"word": "Hasenpest"
},
{
"word": "Rinderpest"
},
{
"word": "Schweinepest"
}
],
"links": [
[
"epidemic",
"epidemic"
],
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in compounds) any of various unrelated epidemic diseases affecting animals"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"in-compounds"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "oil spill",
"text": "Ölpest",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "drug plague",
"text": "Drogenpest",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"anything that negatively affects vast areas, especially a natural disaster"
],
"links": [
[
"natural",
"natural"
],
[
"disaster",
"disaster"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) anything that negatively affects vast areas, especially a natural disaster"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Seuche"
},
{
"word": "Plage"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German informal terms",
"German terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(literally, “between the plague and cholera”)",
"roman": "a choice between the devil and the deep blue sea",
"text": "die Wahl zwischen Pest und Cholera",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "(literally, “something I hate like the plague.”)",
"roman": "That’s something I really loathe.",
"text": "Sowas hasse ich wie die Pest.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"anything terrible or odious"
],
"links": [
[
"terrible",
"terrible"
],
[
"odious",
"odious"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative, informal) anything terrible or odious"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
},
{
"audio": "De-Pest.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/De-Pest.ogg/De-Pest.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/De-Pest.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "Pest"
}
{
"categories": [
"German 1-syllable words",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German neuter nouns",
"German proper nouns",
"German terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "Pests",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Pest",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"with-article"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "toponym"
},
"expansion": "Pest n (proper noun, genitive Pests or (optionally with an article) Pest)",
"name": "de-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"de:Places in Hungary"
],
"glosses": [
"Pest (a quarter of Budapest, Hungary)"
],
"links": [
[
"Pest",
"Pest#English"
],
[
"Budapest",
"Budapest#English"
],
[
"Hungary",
"Hungary#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"proper-noun"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɛst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pɛʃt/"
}
],
"word": "Pest"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Hungarian proper nouns",
"Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛʃt",
"Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛʃt/1 syllable",
"hu:Counties of Hungary"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pesti"
},
{
"word": "Újpest"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hu-infl-nom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "front unrounded harmony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-e-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Pest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestnek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesttel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestért",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestté",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestként",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestben",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestnél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesthez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestből",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestről",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesttől",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Pesté",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestéi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hu-pos-etek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Pested",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestünk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestetek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "Pestjük",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "Pest",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Pest"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Peste",
"2": "e",
"n": "sg"
},
"name": "hu-infl-nom"
},
{
"args": {
"1pl_pl": "Pestjeink",
"1pl_sg": "Pestünk",
"1sg_pl": "Pestjeim",
"1sg_sg": "Pestem",
"2pl_pl": "Pestjeitek",
"2pl_sg": "Pestetek",
"2sg_pl": "Pestjeid",
"2sg_sg": "Pested",
"3pl_pl": "Pestjeik",
"3pl_sg": "Pestjük",
"3sg_pl": "Pestjei",
"3sg_sg": "Pestje",
"n": "sg",
"perspron": ""
},
"name": "hu-infl-pos-table"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest."
],
"links": [
[
"Budapest",
"Budapest"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"hu:Places in Budapest",
"hu:Places in Hungary"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: Buda"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The corresponding part of current-day Budapest, on the eastern side of the Danube."
],
"links": [
[
"Budapest",
"Budapest#English"
],
[
"Danube",
"Danube"
]
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "Budapest"
}
],
"categories": [
"Hungarian ellipses",
"Hungarian informal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Ellipsis of Budapest."
],
"links": [
[
"Budapest",
"Budapest#Hungarian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, loosely) Ellipsis of Budapest."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"broadly",
"ellipsis",
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"hu:Places in Hungary"
],
"glosses": [
"An administrative county in central Hungary, surrounding Budapest, often meant to exclude the capital itself."
],
"links": [
[
"Hungary",
"Hungary#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɛʃt]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛʃt"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"hu:Pest megye"
],
"word": "Pest"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Pest f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hunsrik 1-syllable words",
"Hunsrik entries with incorrect language header",
"Hunsrik feminine nouns",
"Hunsrik lemmas",
"Hunsrik nouns",
"Hunsrik terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"plague"
],
"links": [
[
"plague",
"plague"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʰeʃt/"
}
],
"word": "Pest"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.