See -b on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "fiu-pro",
"3": "*-mp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Ugric *-mp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-mpi"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -mpi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finno-Ugric *-mp. In the Proto-Hungarian period it became -b due to regular phonetic change, then later lengthened to -bb. Cognates include Finnish -mpi.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-b",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian suffixes with archaic senses",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 39 8 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "idős (“old”) + -b → idősb (“older, senior”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "külön (“separate”) + -b → különb (“superior”, split from the original)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "súlyos (“serious, grave”) + -b → súlyosbodik (“to become graver”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "súlyos (“serious, grave”) + -b → súlyosbít (“to make graver, aggravate”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "öreg (“old (archaic: grand, great)”) + -b → öregbít (“to enhance, bolster [reputation], literally “to make greater””)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "helyes (“correct, right”) + -b → helyesbít (“to rectify”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kevés (“few, little [in quantity]”) + -b → kevésbé (“less [to less extent/degree]”), kevesbít (“to lessen”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "utol (“at the end”, obsolete) + -b → utóbb (“later”, originally utolb)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-er, more (still used in compound verb-forming suffixes)"
],
"id": "en--b-hu-suffix-oUfpUer2",
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er"
],
[
"more",
"more"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(comparative suffix, somewhat archaic) -er, more (still used in compound verb-forming suffixes)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"comparative",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-b"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lut",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-b",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Lushootseed",
"lang_code": "lut",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lushootseed entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 39 8 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 53 3 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 49 3 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix involved in formation of agent-oriented intransitive verb stems"
],
"id": "en--b-lut-suffix-8lwWuGJ7",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-b"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-pi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-pi",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-pi.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-b",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Suffix of the third-person singular."
],
"id": "en--b-vep-suffix-QDjcW5~c",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-b"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-pa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-pa",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-pa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "vep-decl-kuva",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-b",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ban",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ban",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-biden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-bad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ban",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive-instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive-instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-baks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-bikš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-bas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-biš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-baspäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bišpäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-baha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bihe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-bal",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-balpäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bilpäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-bale",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bile",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-bata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-banke",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bidenke",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-badme",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"prolative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bidme",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prolative"
]
},
{
"form": "-banno",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"approximative-i",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bidenno",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"approximative-i",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-bannoks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"approximative-ii",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bidennoks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"approximative-ii",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-bannopäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bidennopäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-bahasai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative",
"terminative-i"
]
},
{
"form": "-bihesai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative",
"terminative-i"
]
},
{
"form": "-balesai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative",
"terminative-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "-bilesai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative",
"terminative-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "-bassai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative",
"terminative-iii"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative",
"terminative-iii"
]
},
{
"form": "-bahapäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"additive",
"additive-i",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bihepäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"additive",
"additive-i",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-balepäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"additive",
"additive-ii",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bilepäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"additive",
"additive-ii",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "kaikiš",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-b",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-b",
"name": "vep-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ba"
},
"name": "vep-decl-kuva"
}
],
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 39 8 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Veps entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Veps kuva-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-dab"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ing; forms a secondary present active participle of a few verbs."
],
"id": "en--b-vep-suffix-l8NPVKaz",
"links": [
[
"-ing",
"-ing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(no longer productive) -ing; forms a secondary present active participle of a few verbs."
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-b"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nsz",
"2": "-bene",
"3": "-by",
"qq1": "2nd-person singular persuasive",
"qq2": "prohobitive"
},
"expansion": "Nisenan: -bene (2nd-person singular persuasive), -by (prohobitive)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nisenan: -bene (2nd-person singular persuasive), -by (prohobitive)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nmu",
"2": "-bene",
"3": "-by",
"qq1": "2nd-person singular hortatory",
"qq2": "cavetive"
},
"expansion": "Northeast Maidu: -bene (2nd-person singular hortatory), -by (cavetive)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northeast Maidu: -bene (2nd-person singular hortatory), -by (cavetive)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mjd",
"2": "-be",
"3": "-by",
"qq1": "2nd-person singular hortatory",
"qq2": "cavetive"
},
"expansion": "Northwest Maidu: -be (2nd-person singular hortatory), -by (cavetive)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northwest Maidu: -be (2nd-person singular hortatory), -by (cavetive)"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "nai-mdu-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-b",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Maidun",
"lang_code": "nai-mdu-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Maidun/-b",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Maidun entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"optative suffix"
],
"id": "en--b-nai-mdu-pro-suffix-ohMOYxr4",
"links": [
[
"optative",
"optative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"optative",
"reconstruction",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-b"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Semitic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Akkadian: -b-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Semitic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Semitic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwest Semitic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Canaanite:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hebrew: -ב (-v)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Phoenician: -𐤁 (-b)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ugaritic: -𐎁 (-b)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ethiopian Semitic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Amharic: -ብ (-b)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ge'ez: -ብ (-b)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-pro",
"2": "afa-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "afa-pro",
"2": "*ǯiʔib-",
"t": "beast of prey"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic *ǯiʔib- (“beast of prey”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Perhaps from Proto-Afroasiatic. Compare Proto-Afroasiatic *ǯiʔib- (“beast of prey”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-b",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Semitic",
"lang_code": "sem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/-b",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Semitic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "scorpion",
"word": "ʕaḳrab-"
},
{
"english": "spider",
"word": "ʕankab(īṯ)-"
},
{
"english": "hare",
"word": "ʔarnab-"
},
{
"english": "wolf",
"word": "ḏiʔb-"
},
{
"english": "bear",
"word": "dubb-"
},
{
"english": "lion",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"word": "labiʔ-"
},
{
"english": "dog",
"word": "kalb-"
},
{
"english": "fox",
"word": "ṯaʕlab-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nominal class suffix pertaining to harmful animals"
],
"id": "en--b-sem-pro-suffix-H0COy5Uf",
"links": [
[
"nominal",
"nominal"
],
[
"class",
"class"
],
[
"harmful",
"harmful"
],
[
"animals",
"animals"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-b"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "fiu-pro",
"3": "*-mp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Ugric *-mp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-mpi"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -mpi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finno-Ugric *-mp. In the Proto-Hungarian period it became -b due to regular phonetic change, then later lengthened to -bb. Cognates include Finnish -mpi.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-b",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian suffixes",
"Hungarian suffixes with archaic senses",
"Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric",
"Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "idős (“old”) + -b → idősb (“older, senior”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "külön (“separate”) + -b → különb (“superior”, split from the original)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "súlyos (“serious, grave”) + -b → súlyosbodik (“to become graver”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "súlyos (“serious, grave”) + -b → súlyosbít (“to make graver, aggravate”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "öreg (“old (archaic: grand, great)”) + -b → öregbít (“to enhance, bolster [reputation], literally “to make greater””)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "helyes (“correct, right”) + -b → helyesbít (“to rectify”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kevés (“few, little [in quantity]”) + -b → kevésbé (“less [to less extent/degree]”), kevesbít (“to lessen”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "utol (“at the end”, obsolete) + -b → utóbb (“later”, originally utolb)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-er, more (still used in compound verb-forming suffixes)"
],
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er"
],
[
"more",
"more"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(comparative suffix, somewhat archaic) -er, more (still used in compound verb-forming suffixes)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"comparative",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-b"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lut",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-b",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Lushootseed",
"lang_code": "lut",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Lushootseed entries with incorrect language header",
"Lushootseed lemmas",
"Lushootseed suffixes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix involved in formation of agent-oriented intransitive verb stems"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-b"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nsz",
"2": "-bene",
"3": "-by",
"qq1": "2nd-person singular persuasive",
"qq2": "prohobitive"
},
"expansion": "Nisenan: -bene (2nd-person singular persuasive), -by (prohobitive)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nisenan: -bene (2nd-person singular persuasive), -by (prohobitive)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nmu",
"2": "-bene",
"3": "-by",
"qq1": "2nd-person singular hortatory",
"qq2": "cavetive"
},
"expansion": "Northeast Maidu: -bene (2nd-person singular hortatory), -by (cavetive)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northeast Maidu: -bene (2nd-person singular hortatory), -by (cavetive)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mjd",
"2": "-be",
"3": "-by",
"qq1": "2nd-person singular hortatory",
"qq2": "cavetive"
},
"expansion": "Northwest Maidu: -be (2nd-person singular hortatory), -by (cavetive)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northwest Maidu: -be (2nd-person singular hortatory), -by (cavetive)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nai-mdu-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-b",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Maidun",
"lang_code": "nai-mdu-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Maidun/-b",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Maidun entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Maidun lemmas",
"Proto-Maidun suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"optative suffix"
],
"links": [
[
"optative",
"optative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"optative",
"reconstruction",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-b"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "scorpion",
"word": "ʕaḳrab-"
},
{
"english": "spider",
"word": "ʕankab(īṯ)-"
},
{
"english": "hare",
"word": "ʔarnab-"
},
{
"english": "wolf",
"word": "ḏiʔb-"
},
{
"english": "bear",
"word": "dubb-"
},
{
"english": "lion",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"word": "labiʔ-"
},
{
"english": "dog",
"word": "kalb-"
},
{
"english": "fox",
"word": "ṯaʕlab-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Semitic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Akkadian: -b-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Semitic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Semitic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwest Semitic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Canaanite:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hebrew: -ב (-v)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Phoenician: -𐤁 (-b)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ugaritic: -𐎁 (-b)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ethiopian Semitic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Amharic: -ብ (-b)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ge'ez: -ብ (-b)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-pro",
"2": "afa-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "afa-pro",
"2": "*ǯiʔib-",
"t": "beast of prey"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic *ǯiʔib- (“beast of prey”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Perhaps from Proto-Afroasiatic. Compare Proto-Afroasiatic *ǯiʔib- (“beast of prey”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-b",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Semitic",
"lang_code": "sem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/-b",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Semitic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Semitic lemmas",
"Proto-Semitic suffixes",
"Proto-Semitic terms derived from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"Proto-Semitic terms inherited from Proto-Afroasiatic"
],
"glosses": [
"nominal class suffix pertaining to harmful animals"
],
"links": [
[
"nominal",
"nominal"
],
[
"class",
"class"
],
[
"harmful",
"harmful"
],
[
"animals",
"animals"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-b"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Veps adjective-forming suffixes",
"Veps entries with incorrect language header",
"Veps inflectional suffixes",
"Veps kuva-type nominals",
"Veps lemmas",
"Veps suffixes",
"Veps terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Veps terms inherited from Proto-Finnic"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-pi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-pi",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-pi.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-b",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Suffix of the third-person singular."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-b"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Veps adjective-forming suffixes",
"Veps entries with incorrect language header",
"Veps kuva-type nominals",
"Veps lemmas",
"Veps suffixes",
"Veps terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Veps terms inherited from Proto-Finnic"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-dab"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-pa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-pa",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-pa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "vep-decl-kuva",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-b",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ban",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ban",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-biden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-bad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ban",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive-instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive-instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-baks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-bikš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-bas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-biš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-baspäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bišpäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-baha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bihe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-bal",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-balpäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bilpäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-bale",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bile",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-bata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-banke",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bidenke",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-badme",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"prolative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bidme",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prolative"
]
},
{
"form": "-banno",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"approximative-i",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bidenno",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"approximative-i",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-bannoks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"approximative-ii",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bidennoks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"approximative-ii",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-bannopäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bidennopäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-bahasai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative",
"terminative-i"
]
},
{
"form": "-bihesai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative",
"terminative-i"
]
},
{
"form": "-balesai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative",
"terminative-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "-bilesai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative",
"terminative-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "-bassai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative",
"terminative-iii"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative",
"terminative-iii"
]
},
{
"form": "-bahapäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"additive",
"additive-i",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bihepäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"additive",
"additive-i",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-balepäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"additive",
"additive-ii",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-bilepäi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"additive",
"additive-ii",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "kaikiš",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-b",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-b",
"name": "vep-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ba"
},
"name": "vep-decl-kuva"
}
],
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"-ing; forms a secondary present active participle of a few verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"-ing",
"-ing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(no longer productive) -ing; forms a secondary present active participle of a few verbs."
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-b"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -b meaning in All languages combined (12.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (f889f65 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.