See 肝 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 肝 meaning in All languages combined (33.9kB)
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Han char with multiple ids",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"肝 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 月一十 (BMJ), four-corner 7124₀, composition ⿰月干(GJKV) or ⿰⺼干(HT))"
],
"id": "en-肝-mul-character-RRuT7bmR",
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"月",
"月#Translingual"
],
[
"干",
"干#Translingual"
],
[
"⺼",
"⺼#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bǐnggān",
"word": "丙肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "互託肝膽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "互托肝胆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "全無心肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "全无心肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "剌心剌肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "剖心坼肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "剖心析肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "剖肝泣血"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "剖肝瀝膽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "剖肝沥胆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "動肝火"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "动肝火"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "壞心肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "坏心肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dàdònggānhuǒ",
"word": "大動肝火"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dàdònggānhuǒ",
"word": "大动肝火"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "夾肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "夹肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "心疼肝斷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "心疼肝断"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xīngān",
"word": "心肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xīngān bǎobèi",
"word": "心肝寶貝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xīngān bǎobèi",
"word": "心肝宝贝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "心肝肉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zhōnggānyìdǎn",
"word": "忠肝義膽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zhōnggānyìdǎn",
"word": "忠肝义胆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "感人肺肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "披瀝肝膽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "披沥肝胆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "披肝掛膽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "披肝挂胆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pīgānlìdǎn",
"word": "披肝瀝膽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pīgānlìdǎn",
"word": "披肝沥胆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "披露肝膽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "披露肝胆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "揪心扒肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "摧心剖肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "摘心去肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "摧胸破肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "有肝膽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "有肝胆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shāgānr",
"word": "沙肝兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shāgānr",
"word": "沙肝儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "瀝膽墮肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "沥胆堕肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "瀝膽披肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "沥胆披肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chǎogānr",
"word": "炒肝兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chǎogānr",
"word": "炒肝儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "玻璃心肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gāngōngnéng",
"word": "肝功能"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝吸蟲"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝吸虫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gānxiǎoyè",
"word": "肝小葉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gānxiǎoyè",
"word": "肝小叶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝帝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝橫膽乍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝横胆乍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝氣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝气"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝火"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝火上炎"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝火旺"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝火盛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gānyán",
"word": "肝炎"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gān'ái",
"word": "肝癌"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝硬化症"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gānzǒngguǎn",
"word": "肝總管"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gānzǒngguǎn",
"word": "肝总管"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gānyíhúfù",
"word": "肝胰壺腹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gānyíhúfù",
"word": "肝胰壶腹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝脾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gānnǎotúdì",
"word": "肝腦塗地"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gānnǎotúdì",
"word": "肝脑涂地"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝腫大"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝肿大"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gānchángcùnduàn",
"word": "肝腸寸斷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gānchángcùnduàn",
"word": "肝肠寸断"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝腸崩裂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝肠崩裂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gāndǎn",
"word": "肝膽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gāndǎn",
"word": "肝胆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝膽塗地"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝胆涂地"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝膽楚越"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝胆楚越"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝膽照人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝胆照人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gāndǎnxiāngzhào",
"word": "肝膽相照"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gāndǎnxiāngzhào",
"word": "肝胆相照"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝膽胡越"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝胆胡越"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gānzàng",
"word": "肝臟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gānzàng",
"word": "肝脏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝虛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝虚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gānzhì",
"word": "肝蛭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gāntáng",
"word": "肝醣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gāntáng",
"word": "肝糖"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝風"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝风"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝鬱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝郁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肝鬲"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fèigān",
"word": "肺肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "胗肝兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "胗肝儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "蝨脛蟣肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "虱胫虮肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "蟲臂鼠肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "虫臂鼠肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zhūgān",
"word": "豬肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zhūgān",
"word": "猪肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "赤膽忠肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "赤胆忠肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "輸肝剖膽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "输肝剖胆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "輸肝瀝膽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "输肝沥胆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "隳肝瀝膽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "隳肝沥胆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "雕肝琢腎"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "雕肝琢肾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "雕肝琢膂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "雕肝鏤腎"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "雕肝镂肾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "露膽披肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "露胆披肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "驢肝肺"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "驴肝肺"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yúgānyóu",
"word": "魚肝油"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yúgānyóu",
"word": "鱼肝油"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鰵魚肝油"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鳘鱼肝油"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鳳髓龍肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "凤髓龙肝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "麟肝鳳髓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "麟肝凤髓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鼠肝蟲臂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鼠肝虫臂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "龍肝豹胎"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "龙肝豹胎"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lónggānfèngsuǐ",
"word": "龍肝鳳髓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lónggānfèngsuǐ",
"word": "龙肝凤髓"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*b-ka-(n/m/ŋ)",
"4": "",
"5": "bitter; salty; bile; liver"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-ka-(n/m/ŋ) (“bitter; salty; bile; liver”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "苦",
"2": "bitter"
},
"expansion": "苦 (OC *kʰaːʔ, *kʰaːs, “bitter”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tbq-bdg-pro",
"2": "*bi-ka",
"3": "",
"4": "liver"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bodo-Garo *bi-ka (“liver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "brx",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "liver",
"tr": "bi-ka"
},
"expansion": "Bodo (India) [script needed] (bi-ka, “liver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grt",
"2": "bika",
"3": "",
"4": "liver"
},
"expansion": "Garo bika (“liver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler (2007)"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler (2007)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sit-pro",
"2": "*m-kal ~ *s-gal",
"3": "",
"4": "lower back; kidney"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-kal ~ *s-gal (“lower back; kidney”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "མཁལ་མ",
"3": "མཁལ་མ",
"4": "kidney"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan མཁལ་མ (mkhal ma, “kidney”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lus",
"2": "kal",
"3": "",
"4": "kidney"
},
"expansion": "Mizo kal (“kidney”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cdm",
"2": "गल्",
"3": "",
"4": "kidney"
},
"expansion": "Chepang गल् (“kidney”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "ခါး",
"3": "",
"4": "waist"
},
"expansion": "Burmese ခါး (hka:, “waist”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-ka-(n/m/ŋ) (“bitter; salty; bile; liver”), in which case it would be related to 苦 (OC *kʰaːʔ, *kʰaːs, “bitter”); also compare Proto-Bodo-Garo *bi-ka (“liver”), whence Bodo (India) [script needed] (bi-ka, “liver”), Garo bika (“liver”).\nAlternatively, Schuessler (2007) compares it with Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-kal ~ *s-gal (“lower back; kidney”), whence Tibetan མཁལ་མ (mkhal ma, “kidney”), Mizo kal (“kidney”), Chepang गल् (“kidney”), Burmese ခါး (hka:, “waist”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "肝",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese nouns classified by 個/个",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese nouns classified by 葉/叶",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 34 38 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 29 30 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Organs",
"orig": "zh:Organs",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I don't eat tripe or liver.",
"ref": "我不吃肚也不吃肝。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]",
"text": "Wǒ bù chī dǔ yě bù chī gān. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Most of the body's cholesterol is made in the liver and intestine from digested food.",
"ref": "身體的大部分膽固醇是在肝和腸內由消化的食物製成的。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "身体的大部分胆固醇是在肝和肠内由消化的食物制成的。 [MSC, simp.]\nShēntǐ de dàbùfēn dǎngùchún shì zài gān hé cháng nèi yóu xiāohuà de shíwù zhì chéng de. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"liver (Classifier: 葉／叶; 個／个)"
],
"id": "en-肝-zh-character-hON-mQf0",
"links": [
[
"liver",
"liver"
],
[
"葉",
"葉#Chinese"
],
[
"叶",
"叶#Chinese"
],
[
"個",
"個#Chinese"
],
[
"个",
"个#Chinese"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 34 38 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 29 30 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Organs",
"orig": "zh:Organs",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mind; thoughts"
],
"id": "en-肝-zh-character-nTcq48E4",
"links": [
[
"mind",
"mind"
],
[
"thought",
"thought"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) mind; thoughts"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese neologisms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Video games",
"orig": "zh:Video games",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Mass media",
"Software",
"Recreation",
"Culture",
"Media",
"Computing",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Communication",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 34 38 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 7 55 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 29 30 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Organs",
"orig": "zh:Organs",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This game is attractive, but I really can't grind anymore. It's too grindy.",
"ref": "這遊戲很吸引人，但我實在肝不動了。它太肝了。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "这游戏很吸引人，但我实在肝不动了。它太肝了。 [MSC, simp.]\nZhè yóuxì hěn xīyǐn rén, dàn wǒ shízài gān bù dòng le. Tā tài gān le. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grind; to repeat a task day and night, which may exhaust the liver, in order to achieve a specific goal"
],
"id": "en-肝-zh-character-dtQcMhcT",
"links": [
[
"video game",
"video game"
],
[
"grind",
"grind"
],
[
"day and night",
"day and night"
],
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(video games, neologism) to grind; to repeat a task day and night, which may exhaust the liver, in order to achieve a specific goal"
],
"tags": [
"neologism"
],
"topics": [
"video-games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese neologisms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Video games",
"orig": "zh:Video games",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Mass media",
"Software",
"Recreation",
"Culture",
"Media",
"Computing",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Communication",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 34 38 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 29 30 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Organs",
"orig": "zh:Organs",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grindy"
],
"id": "en-肝-zh-character-8LQ7KZRz",
"links": [
[
"video game",
"video game"
],
[
"grindy",
"grindy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(video games, neologism) grindy"
],
"tags": [
"neologism"
],
"topics": [
"video-games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "gan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kôn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gan¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "húing"
},
{
"zh-pron": "găng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "koaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "guan¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹koe"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "гань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ganʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gōn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kᵘɔn³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɵn⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kôn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gon´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kon²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔn⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kæ̃¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "húing"
},
{
"ipa": "/xuiŋ⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "găng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kuann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kvoaf"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kafn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kan³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kuaⁿ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kũã³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹koe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "koe^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/kø⁵³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "gan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan³³/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.kˤa[r]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*kaːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kän⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kᵘɔn³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɵn⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kon²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔn⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kæ̃¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xuiŋ⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kũã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kø⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan³³/"
},
{
"other": "[r]"
},
{
"other": "/*kaːn/"
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kan'en",
"ruby": [
[
"肝",
"かん"
],
[
"炎",
"えん"
]
],
"word": "肝炎"
}
],
"id": "en-肝-ja-character-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*kimo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *kimo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "肝",
"tr": "ちむ, chimu"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan 肝 (ちむ, chimu)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *kimo. Cognate with Okinawan 肝 (ちむ, chimu).\nFirst attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "肝",
"ruby": [
[
"肝",
"きも"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kimo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "きも"
},
"expansion": "肝(きも) • (kimo)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 32 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 37 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the liver"
],
"id": "en-肝-ja-noun-4YqOf1Jx",
"links": [
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 32 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 37 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"innards"
],
"id": "en-肝-ja-noun-UwZ1HFIP",
"links": [
[
"innards",
"innards"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 32 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 37 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"important part"
],
"id": "en-肝-ja-noun-CmrbiFPg",
"links": [
[
"important",
"important"
],
[
"part",
"part"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) important part"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "きも"
},
{
"ipa": "[kʲimo̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nihon Shoki"
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "かん"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "肝"
},
"expansion": "肝 (MC kan)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 肝 (MC kan).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "肝",
"ruby": [
[
"肝",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "affix",
"2": "かん"
},
"expansion": "肝(かん) • (kan)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "affix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"liver"
],
"id": "en-肝-ja-affix-669IqXJX",
"links": [
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 18 27 0 0 10 4 8 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"essential thing; important thing"
],
"id": "en-肝-ja-affix-lXU7ogIc",
"links": [
[
"essential",
"essential"
],
[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
"important",
"important"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) essential thing; important thing"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 28 42 0 0 11 0 10 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 18 27 0 0 10 4 8 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"courage; spirit"
],
"id": "en-肝-ja-affix-VVR9EzDR",
"links": [
[
"courage",
"courage"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) courage; spirit"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かん"
},
{
"ipa": "[kã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "かん"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "肝"
},
"expansion": "肝 (MC kan)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 肝 (MC kan).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "肝",
"ruby": [
[
"肝",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かん"
},
"expansion": "肝(かん) • (kan)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"liver"
],
"id": "en-肝-ja-noun-669IqXJX",
"links": [
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 15 14 0 0 4 2 4 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 12 0 0 4 2 4 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 18 27 0 0 10 4 8 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 10 0 0 4 2 3 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"heart; spirit"
],
"id": "en-肝-ja-noun-z1IU15dh",
"links": [
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, figuratively) heart; spirit"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かん"
},
{
"ipa": "[kã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "肝"
},
"expansion": "肝 (MC kan)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "간"
},
"expansion": "간 (kan)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "s:훈몽자회/身體#상27A",
"3": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"name": "lw"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "간",
"2": "kan",
"3": "身體#상27A"
},
"expansion": "Recorded as Middle Korean 간 (kan) (Yale: kan) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.",
"name": "hanja-hunmong"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 肝 (MC kan). Recorded as Middle Korean 간 (kan) (Yale: kan) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "간 간",
"roman": "gan gan",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "간",
"2": "간"
},
"expansion": "肝 (eumhun 간 간 (gan gan))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "liver",
"word": "간"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "肝臟",
"roman": "ganjang",
"word": "간장"
},
{
"alt": "肝炎",
"roman": "ganyeom",
"word": "간염"
},
{
"alt": "肝膽",
"roman": "gandam",
"word": "간담"
},
{
"alt": "肝癌",
"roman": "ganam",
"word": "간암"
},
{
"alt": "肝腸",
"roman": "ganjang",
"word": "간장"
},
{
"alt": "肝要",
"roman": "ganyo",
"word": "간요"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 간 (“liver”)."
],
"id": "en-肝-ko-character-GTKLHcvq",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"간",
"간#Korean"
],
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠n]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"other": "[간]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠(ː)n]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"other": "[간(ː)]"
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Okinawan",
"lang_code": "ryu",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Okinawan kanji with kun reading ちむ",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Okinawan kanji with on reading かん",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Okinawan terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"id": "en-肝-ryu-character-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "chimudondon",
"ruby": [
[
"肝",
"ちむ"
]
],
"word": "肝どんどん"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "chimugukuru",
"ruby": [
[
"肝",
"ちむ"
],
[
"心",
"ぐくる"
]
],
"word": "肝心"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ちむ",
"yomi": "kun"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ryu-kanjitab"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Ryukyuan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*kimo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *kimo",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Ryukyuan, from Proto-Japonic *kimo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chimu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ちむ",
"tags": [
"hiragana"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ちむ"
},
"expansion": "肝(ちむ) (chimu)",
"name": "ryu-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Okinawan",
"lang_code": "ryu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Okinawan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Okinawan terms read with kun'yomi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Okinawan terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Okinawan terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Okinawan terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Okinawan terms written with one Han script character",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ryu",
"name": "Organs",
"orig": "ryu:Organs",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the liver"
],
"id": "en-肝-ryu-noun-4YqOf1Jx",
"links": [
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"heart; spirit"
],
"id": "en-肝-ryu-noun-z1IU15dh",
"links": [
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ちむ"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕimɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"categories": [],
"forms": [
{
"form": "can",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "gan",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of can (“liver”)."
],
"id": "en-肝-vi-character-DzcZ8rCn",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"can",
"can#Vietnamese"
],
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Nom",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nôm form of gan (“liver”)."
],
"id": "en-肝-vi-character-hCmL3MaJ",
"links": [
[
"Nôm",
"chữ Nôm#Vietnamese"
],
[
"gan",
"gan#Vietnamese"
],
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Eastern Min verbs",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min adjectives",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min nouns",
"Northern Min verbs",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Requests for native script for Bodo (India) terms",
"zh:Organs"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "bǐnggān",
"word": "丙肝"
},
{
"word": "互託肝膽"
},
{
"word": "互托肝胆"
},
{
"word": "全無心肝"
},
{
"word": "全无心肝"
},
{
"word": "剌心剌肝"
},
{
"word": "剖心坼肝"
},
{
"word": "剖心析肝"
},
{
"word": "剖肝泣血"
},
{
"word": "剖肝瀝膽"
},
{
"word": "剖肝沥胆"
},
{
"word": "動肝火"
},
{
"word": "动肝火"
},
{
"word": "壞心肝"
},
{
"word": "坏心肝"
},
{
"roman": "dàdònggānhuǒ",
"word": "大動肝火"
},
{
"roman": "dàdònggānhuǒ",
"word": "大动肝火"
},
{
"word": "夾肝"
},
{
"word": "夹肝"
},
{
"word": "心疼肝斷"
},
{
"word": "心疼肝断"
},
{
"roman": "xīngān",
"word": "心肝"
},
{
"roman": "xīngān bǎobèi",
"word": "心肝寶貝"
},
{
"roman": "xīngān bǎobèi",
"word": "心肝宝贝"
},
{
"word": "心肝肉"
},
{
"roman": "zhōnggānyìdǎn",
"word": "忠肝義膽"
},
{
"roman": "zhōnggānyìdǎn",
"word": "忠肝义胆"
},
{
"word": "感人肺肝"
},
{
"word": "披瀝肝膽"
},
{
"word": "披沥肝胆"
},
{
"word": "披肝掛膽"
},
{
"word": "披肝挂胆"
},
{
"roman": "pīgānlìdǎn",
"word": "披肝瀝膽"
},
{
"roman": "pīgānlìdǎn",
"word": "披肝沥胆"
},
{
"word": "披露肝膽"
},
{
"word": "披露肝胆"
},
{
"word": "揪心扒肝"
},
{
"word": "摧心剖肝"
},
{
"word": "摘心去肝"
},
{
"word": "摧胸破肝"
},
{
"word": "有肝膽"
},
{
"word": "有肝胆"
},
{
"roman": "shāgānr",
"word": "沙肝兒"
},
{
"roman": "shāgānr",
"word": "沙肝儿"
},
{
"word": "瀝膽墮肝"
},
{
"word": "沥胆堕肝"
},
{
"word": "瀝膽披肝"
},
{
"word": "沥胆披肝"
},
{
"roman": "chǎogānr",
"word": "炒肝兒"
},
{
"roman": "chǎogānr",
"word": "炒肝儿"
},
{
"word": "玻璃心肝"
},
{
"roman": "gāngōngnéng",
"word": "肝功能"
},
{
"word": "肝吸蟲"
},
{
"word": "肝吸虫"
},
{
"roman": "gānxiǎoyè",
"word": "肝小葉"
},
{
"roman": "gānxiǎoyè",
"word": "肝小叶"
},
{
"word": "肝帝"
},
{
"word": "肝橫膽乍"
},
{
"word": "肝横胆乍"
},
{
"word": "肝氣"
},
{
"word": "肝气"
},
{
"word": "肝火"
},
{
"word": "肝火上炎"
},
{
"word": "肝火旺"
},
{
"word": "肝火盛"
},
{
"roman": "gānyán",
"word": "肝炎"
},
{
"roman": "gān'ái",
"word": "肝癌"
},
{
"word": "肝硬化症"
},
{
"roman": "gānzǒngguǎn",
"word": "肝總管"
},
{
"roman": "gānzǒngguǎn",
"word": "肝总管"
},
{
"roman": "gānyíhúfù",
"word": "肝胰壺腹"
},
{
"roman": "gānyíhúfù",
"word": "肝胰壶腹"
},
{
"word": "肝脾"
},
{
"roman": "gānnǎotúdì",
"word": "肝腦塗地"
},
{
"roman": "gānnǎotúdì",
"word": "肝脑涂地"
},
{
"word": "肝腫大"
},
{
"word": "肝肿大"
},
{
"roman": "gānchángcùnduàn",
"word": "肝腸寸斷"
},
{
"roman": "gānchángcùnduàn",
"word": "肝肠寸断"
},
{
"word": "肝腸崩裂"
},
{
"word": "肝肠崩裂"
},
{
"roman": "gāndǎn",
"word": "肝膽"
},
{
"roman": "gāndǎn",
"word": "肝胆"
},
{
"word": "肝膽塗地"
},
{
"word": "肝胆涂地"
},
{
"word": "肝膽楚越"
},
{
"word": "肝胆楚越"
},
{
"word": "肝膽照人"
},
{
"word": "肝胆照人"
},
{
"roman": "gāndǎnxiāngzhào",
"word": "肝膽相照"
},
{
"roman": "gāndǎnxiāngzhào",
"word": "肝胆相照"
},
{
"word": "肝膽胡越"
},
{
"word": "肝胆胡越"
},
{
"roman": "gānzàng",
"word": "肝臟"
},
{
"roman": "gānzàng",
"word": "肝脏"
},
{
"word": "肝虛"
},
{
"word": "肝虚"
},
{
"roman": "gānzhì",
"word": "肝蛭"
},
{
"roman": "gāntáng",
"word": "肝醣"
},
{
"roman": "gāntáng",
"word": "肝糖"
},
{
"word": "肝風"
},
{
"word": "肝风"
},
{
"word": "肝鬱"
},
{
"word": "肝郁"
},
{
"word": "肝鬲"
},
{
"roman": "fèigān",
"word": "肺肝"
},
{
"word": "胗肝兒"
},
{
"word": "胗肝儿"
},
{
"word": "蝨脛蟣肝"
},
{
"word": "虱胫虮肝"
},
{
"word": "蟲臂鼠肝"
},
{
"word": "虫臂鼠肝"
},
{
"roman": "zhūgān",
"word": "豬肝"
},
{
"roman": "zhūgān",
"word": "猪肝"
},
{
"word": "赤膽忠肝"
},
{
"word": "赤胆忠肝"
},
{
"word": "輸肝剖膽"
},
{
"word": "输肝剖胆"
},
{
"word": "輸肝瀝膽"
},
{
"word": "输肝沥胆"
},
{
"word": "隳肝瀝膽"
},
{
"word": "隳肝沥胆"
},
{
"word": "雕肝琢腎"
},
{
"word": "雕肝琢肾"
},
{
"word": "雕肝琢膂"
},
{
"word": "雕肝鏤腎"
},
{
"word": "雕肝镂肾"
},
{
"word": "露膽披肝"
},
{
"word": "露胆披肝"
},
{
"word": "驢肝肺"
},
{
"word": "驴肝肺"
},
{
"roman": "yúgānyóu",
"word": "魚肝油"
},
{
"roman": "yúgānyóu",
"word": "鱼肝油"
},
{
"word": "鰵魚肝油"
},
{
"word": "鳘鱼肝油"
},
{
"word": "鳳髓龍肝"
},
{
"word": "凤髓龙肝"
},
{
"word": "麟肝鳳髓"
},
{
"word": "麟肝凤髓"
},
{
"word": "鼠肝蟲臂"
},
{
"word": "鼠肝虫臂"
},
{
"word": "龍肝豹胎"
},
{
"word": "龙肝豹胎"
},
{
"roman": "lónggānfèngsuǐ",
"word": "龍肝鳳髓"
},
{
"roman": "lónggānfèngsuǐ",
"word": "龙肝凤髓"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*b-ka-(n/m/ŋ)",
"4": "",
"5": "bitter; salty; bile; liver"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-ka-(n/m/ŋ) (“bitter; salty; bile; liver”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "苦",
"2": "bitter"
},
"expansion": "苦 (OC *kʰaːʔ, *kʰaːs, “bitter”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tbq-bdg-pro",
"2": "*bi-ka",
"3": "",
"4": "liver"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bodo-Garo *bi-ka (“liver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "brx",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "liver",
"tr": "bi-ka"
},
"expansion": "Bodo (India) [script needed] (bi-ka, “liver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grt",
"2": "bika",
"3": "",
"4": "liver"
},
"expansion": "Garo bika (“liver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler (2007)"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler (2007)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sit-pro",
"2": "*m-kal ~ *s-gal",
"3": "",
"4": "lower back; kidney"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-kal ~ *s-gal (“lower back; kidney”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "མཁལ་མ",
"3": "མཁལ་མ",
"4": "kidney"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan མཁལ་མ (mkhal ma, “kidney”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lus",
"2": "kal",
"3": "",
"4": "kidney"
},
"expansion": "Mizo kal (“kidney”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cdm",
"2": "गल्",
"3": "",
"4": "kidney"
},
"expansion": "Chepang गल् (“kidney”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "ခါး",
"3": "",
"4": "waist"
},
"expansion": "Burmese ခါး (hka:, “waist”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-ka-(n/m/ŋ) (“bitter; salty; bile; liver”), in which case it would be related to 苦 (OC *kʰaːʔ, *kʰaːs, “bitter”); also compare Proto-Bodo-Garo *bi-ka (“liver”), whence Bodo (India) [script needed] (bi-ka, “liver”), Garo bika (“liver”).\nAlternatively, Schuessler (2007) compares it with Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-kal ~ *s-gal (“lower back; kidney”), whence Tibetan མཁལ་མ (mkhal ma, “kidney”), Mizo kal (“kidney”), Chepang गल् (“kidney”), Burmese ခါး (hka:, “waist”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "肝",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese nouns classified by 個/个",
"Chinese nouns classified by 葉/叶",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I don't eat tripe or liver.",
"ref": "我不吃肚也不吃肝。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]",
"text": "Wǒ bù chī dǔ yě bù chī gān. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Most of the body's cholesterol is made in the liver and intestine from digested food.",
"ref": "身體的大部分膽固醇是在肝和腸內由消化的食物製成的。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "身体的大部分胆固醇是在肝和肠内由消化的食物制成的。 [MSC, simp.]\nShēntǐ de dàbùfēn dǎngùchún shì zài gān hé cháng nèi yóu xiāohuà de shíwù zhì chéng de. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"liver (Classifier: 葉／叶; 個／个)"
],
"links": [
[
"liver",
"liver"
],
[
"葉",
"葉#Chinese"
],
[
"叶",
"叶#Chinese"
],
[
"個",
"個#Chinese"
],
[
"个",
"个#Chinese"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mind; thoughts"
],
"links": [
[
"mind",
"mind"
],
[
"thought",
"thought"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) mind; thoughts"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese neologisms",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples",
"zh:Video games"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This game is attractive, but I really can't grind anymore. It's too grindy.",
"ref": "這遊戲很吸引人，但我實在肝不動了。它太肝了。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "这游戏很吸引人，但我实在肝不动了。它太肝了。 [MSC, simp.]\nZhè yóuxì hěn xīyǐn rén, dàn wǒ shízài gān bù dòng le. Tā tài gān le. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grind; to repeat a task day and night, which may exhaust the liver, in order to achieve a specific goal"
],
"links": [
[
"video game",
"video game"
],
[
"grind",
"grind"
],
[
"day and night",
"day and night"
],
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(video games, neologism) to grind; to repeat a task day and night, which may exhaust the liver, in order to achieve a specific goal"
],
"tags": [
"neologism"
],
"topics": [
"video-games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese neologisms",
"zh:Video games"
],
"glosses": [
"grindy"
],
"links": [
[
"video game",
"video game"
],
[
"grindy",
"grindy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(video games, neologism) grindy"
],
"tags": [
"neologism"
],
"topics": [
"video-games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "gan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kôn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gan¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "húing"
},
{
"zh-pron": "găng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "koaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "guan¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹koe"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "гань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ganʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gōn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kᵘɔn³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɵn⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kôn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gon´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gon¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kon²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔn⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kæ̃¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "húing"
},
{
"ipa": "/xuiŋ⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "găng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kuann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kvoaf"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kafn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kan³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kuaⁿ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kũã³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹koe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "koe^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/kø⁵³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "gan¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan³³/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*s.kˤa[r]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*kaːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kän⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kᵘɔn³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɵn⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kon²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔn⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kæ̃¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xuiŋ⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kũã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kø⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kan³³/"
},
{
"other": "[r]"
},
{
"other": "/*kaːn/"
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"categories": [
"Common kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading かん",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading かん",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading きも",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 肝",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kan'en",
"ruby": [
[
"肝",
"かん"
],
[
"炎",
"えん"
]
],
"word": "肝炎"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 肝",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*kimo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *kimo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "肝",
"tr": "ちむ, chimu"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan 肝 (ちむ, chimu)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *kimo. Cognate with Okinawan 肝 (ちむ, chimu).\nFirst attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "肝",
"ruby": [
[
"肝",
"きも"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kimo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "きも"
},
"expansion": "肝(きも) • (kimo)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"the liver"
],
"links": [
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"innards"
],
"links": [
[
"innards",
"innards"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"important part"
],
"links": [
[
"important",
"important"
],
[
"part",
"part"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) important part"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "きも"
},
{
"ipa": "[kʲimo̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nihon Shoki"
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 肝",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "かん"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "肝"
},
"expansion": "肝 (MC kan)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 肝 (MC kan).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "肝",
"ruby": [
[
"肝",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "affix",
"2": "かん"
},
"expansion": "肝(かん) • (kan)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "affix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"liver"
],
"links": [
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"essential thing; important thing"
],
"links": [
[
"essential",
"essential"
],
[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
"important",
"important"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) essential thing; important thing"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"courage; spirit"
],
"links": [
[
"courage",
"courage"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) courage; spirit"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かん"
},
{
"ipa": "[kã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 肝",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "かん"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "肝"
},
"expansion": "肝 (MC kan)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 肝 (MC kan).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "肝",
"ruby": [
[
"肝",
"かん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かん"
},
"expansion": "肝(かん) • (kan)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"liver"
],
"links": [
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"heart; spirit"
],
"links": [
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, figuratively) heart; spirit"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かん"
},
{
"ipa": "[kã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"alt": "肝臟",
"roman": "ganjang",
"word": "간장"
},
{
"alt": "肝炎",
"roman": "ganyeom",
"word": "간염"
},
{
"alt": "肝膽",
"roman": "gandam",
"word": "간담"
},
{
"alt": "肝癌",
"roman": "ganam",
"word": "간암"
},
{
"alt": "肝腸",
"roman": "ganjang",
"word": "간장"
},
{
"alt": "肝要",
"roman": "ganyo",
"word": "간요"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "肝"
},
"expansion": "肝 (MC kan)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "간"
},
"expansion": "간 (kan)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "s:훈몽자회/身體#상27A",
"3": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회",
"name": "lw"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "간",
"2": "kan",
"3": "身體#상27A"
},
"expansion": "Recorded as Middle Korean 간 (kan) (Yale: kan) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.",
"name": "hanja-hunmong"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 肝 (MC kan). Recorded as Middle Korean 간 (kan) (Yale: kan) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "간 간",
"roman": "gan gan",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "간",
"2": "간"
},
"expansion": "肝 (eumhun 간 간 (gan gan))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "liver",
"word": "간"
}
],
"categories": [
"Korean Han characters",
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
"Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Middle Korean Han characters"
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 간 (“liver”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"간",
"간#Korean"
],
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠n]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"other": "[간]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠(ː)n]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"other": "[간(ː)]"
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"categories": [
"Common kanji",
"Okinawan Han characters",
"Okinawan entries with incorrect language header",
"Okinawan kanji with kun reading ちむ",
"Okinawan kanji with on reading かん",
"Okinawan lemmas",
"Okinawan nouns",
"Okinawan single-kanji terms",
"Okinawan terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Okinawan terms derived from Proto-Ryukyuan",
"Okinawan terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Okinawan terms inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan",
"Okinawan terms read with kun'yomi",
"Okinawan terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Okinawan terms spelled with 肝",
"Okinawan terms spelled with 肝 read as ちむ",
"Okinawan terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Okinawan terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Okinawan terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Okinawan terms with redundant transliterations",
"Okinawan terms written with one Han script character",
"ryu:Organs"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Okinawan",
"lang_code": "ryu",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"categories": [
"Okinawan entries with incorrect language header",
"Okinawan lemmas",
"Okinawan nouns",
"Okinawan single-kanji terms",
"Okinawan terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Okinawan terms derived from Proto-Ryukyuan",
"Okinawan terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Okinawan terms inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan",
"Okinawan terms read with kun'yomi",
"Okinawan terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Okinawan terms spelled with 肝",
"Okinawan terms spelled with 肝 read as ちむ",
"Okinawan terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Okinawan terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Okinawan terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Okinawan terms written with one Han script character",
"ryu:Organs"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "chimudondon",
"ruby": [
[
"肝",
"ちむ"
]
],
"word": "肝どんどん"
},
{
"roman": "chimugukuru",
"ruby": [
[
"肝",
"ちむ"
],
[
"心",
"ぐくる"
]
],
"word": "肝心"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ちむ",
"yomi": "kun"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ryu-kanjitab"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Ryukyuan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*kimo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *kimo",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Ryukyuan, from Proto-Japonic *kimo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chimu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ちむ",
"tags": [
"hiragana"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ちむ"
},
"expansion": "肝(ちむ) (chimu)",
"name": "ryu-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Okinawan",
"lang_code": "ryu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"the liver"
],
"links": [
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"heart; spirit"
],
"links": [
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ちむ"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕimɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Han char with multiple ids",
"Han script characters",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"肝 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 月一十 (BMJ), four-corner 7124₀, composition ⿰月干(GJKV) or ⿰⺼干(HT))"
],
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"月",
"月#Translingual"
],
[
"干",
"干#Translingual"
],
[
"⺼",
"⺼#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Han characters",
"Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings",
"Vietnamese lemmas"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "can",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "gan",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of can (“liver”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"can",
"can#Vietnamese"
],
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Nom"
],
"glosses": [
"Nôm form of gan (“liver”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Nôm",
"chữ Nôm#Vietnamese"
],
[
"gan",
"gan#Vietnamese"
],
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "肝"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "肝",
"trace": "started on line 89, detected on line 103"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min'",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary)'",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min (KCR)'",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "affix",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"肝"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "肝",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.