See 災難 on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "災難"
},
"expansion": "災難",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "災難",
"2": "さいなん",
"gloss": "",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "災難(さいなん) (sainan)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "재난(災難)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "災難",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"pos": "",
"pos2": "",
"pos3": "",
"pos4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 재난(災難) (jaenan)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "tai nạn",
"bor": "1",
"id": "災難",
"pos": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "災難"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tai nạn (災難)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "災難",
"2": "さいなん",
"3": "재난",
"4": "tai nạn",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "災難",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "災難",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "災難",
"v": "災難",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (災難):\n* → Japanese: 災難(さいなん) (sainan)\n* → Korean: 재난(災難) (jaenan)\n* → Vietnamese: tai nạn (災難)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "さいなん",
"3": "재난",
"4": "tai nạn"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (災難):\n* → Japanese: 災難(さいなん) (sainan)\n* → Korean: 재난(災難) (jaenan)\n* → Vietnamese: tai nạn (災難)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (災難):\n* → Japanese: 災難(さいなん) (sainan)\n* → Korean: 재난(災難) (jaenan)\n* → Vietnamese: tai nạn (災難)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "灾难",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "災難",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese nouns classified by 場/场",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese nouns classified by 次",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Intermediate Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "月亮有災難"
},
{
"word": "月亮有灾难"
},
{
"roman": "zāinànxìng",
"word": "災難性"
},
{
"roman": "zāinànxìng",
"word": "灾难性"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Literary Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " 648 CE, Fang Xuanling (lead editor), Book of Jin",
"roman": "Zāinàn yán yú zōngzǐ, quánbǐng lóng yú cháotíng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "災難延於宗子，權柄隆於朝廷。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Literary Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " 648 CE, Fang Xuanling (lead editor), Book of Jin",
"roman": "Zāinàn yán yú zōngzǐ, quánbǐng lóng yú cháotíng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "灾难延于宗子，权柄隆于朝廷。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"disaster; calamity; catastrophe (Classifier: 場／场; 次)"
],
"id": "en-災難-zh-noun-fQHotw2t",
"links": [
[
"disaster",
"disaster"
],
[
"calamity",
"calamity"
],
[
"catastrophe",
"catastrophe"
],
[
"場",
"場#Chinese"
],
[
"场",
"场#Chinese"
],
[
"次",
"次#Chinese"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "luànr",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "亂兒"
},
{
"roman": "luànr",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "乱儿"
},
{
"english": "man-made disaster",
"roman": "rénhuò",
"word": "人禍"
},
{
"english": "man-made disaster",
"roman": "rénhuò",
"word": "人祸"
},
{
"roman": "jié",
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"religion",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "劫"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "劫煞"
},
{
"roman": "jiénàn",
"word": "劫難"
},
{
"roman": "jiénàn",
"word": "劫难"
},
{
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "厄"
},
{
"english": "major catastrophe",
"roman": "dàhuò",
"word": "大禍"
},
{
"english": "major catastrophe",
"roman": "dàhuò",
"word": "大祸"
},
{
"english": "major catastrophe",
"roman": "dànàn",
"word": "大難"
},
{
"english": "major catastrophe",
"roman": "dànàn",
"word": "大难"
},
{
"english": "natural disaster",
"roman": "tiānzāi",
"word": "天災"
},
{
"english": "natural disaster",
"roman": "tiānzāi",
"word": "天灾"
},
{
"roman": "yāng'è",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "央厄"
},
{
"english": "unexpected disaster",
"roman": "qíhuò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "奇禍"
},
{
"english": "unexpected disaster",
"roman": "qíhuò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "奇祸"
},
{
"roman": "jùhuò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "巨禍"
},
{
"roman": "jùhuò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "巨祸"
},
{
"roman": "huàn",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "患"
},
{
"roman": "cǎnshì",
"word": "慘事"
},
{
"roman": "cǎnshì",
"word": "惨事"
},
{
"roman": "cǎnjù",
"word": "慘劇"
},
{
"roman": "cǎnjù",
"word": "惨剧"
},
{
"english": "tragic accident",
"roman": "cǎnhuò",
"word": "慘禍"
},
{
"english": "tragic accident",
"roman": "cǎnhuò",
"word": "惨祸"
},
{
"roman": "sua1 sab4",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "沙𧐔"
},
{
"roman": "hàojié",
"word": "浩劫"
},
{
"roman": "zāi",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "災"
},
{
"roman": "zāi",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "灾"
},
{
"roman": "zāijié",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "災劫"
},
{
"roman": "zāijié",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "灾劫"
},
{
"roman": "zāi'è",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "災厄"
},
{
"roman": "zāi'è",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "灾厄"
},
{
"roman": "zāihài",
"word": "災害"
},
{
"roman": "zāihài",
"word": "灾害"
},
{
"roman": "zāiyāng",
"word": "災殃"
},
{
"roman": "zāiyāng",
"word": "灾殃"
},
{
"roman": "zāihuò",
"word": "災禍"
},
{
"roman": "zāihuò",
"word": "灾祸"
},
{
"english": "natural disaster",
"roman": "zāibiàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "災變"
},
{
"english": "natural disaster",
"roman": "zāibiàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "灾变"
},
{
"roman": "yōngjū",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "癰疽"
},
{
"roman": "yōngjū",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "痈疽"
},
{
"roman": "shěnglì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "眚沴"
},
{
"roman": "huò",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "禍"
},
{
"roman": "huò",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "祸"
},
{
"roman": "huòshì",
"word": "禍事"
},
{
"roman": "huòshì",
"word": "祸事"
},
{
"roman": "huòhài",
"word": "禍害"
},
{
"roman": "huòhài",
"word": "祸害"
},
{
"roman": "ho5 si6",
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "禍息"
},
{
"roman": "ho5 si6",
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "祸息"
},
{
"roman": "huòhuàn",
"word": "禍患"
},
{
"roman": "huòhuàn",
"word": "祸患"
},
{
"roman": "huòyāng",
"word": "禍殃"
},
{
"roman": "huòyāng",
"word": "祸殃"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zāinàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗㄞ ㄋㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zoi¹ naan⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "châi-nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zai¹ nan³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cuói-nūing"
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "căi-nâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chai-lān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "zai¹ lang⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zāinàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗㄞ ㄋㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zainàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tsai¹-nan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dzāi-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzainann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзайнань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czajnanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡saɪ̯⁵⁵ nän⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jōi naahn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzoi¹ naan⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "zoi¹ nan⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɔːi̯⁵⁵ naːn²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "châi-nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "zai^ˊ nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "zai¹ nan⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai̯²⁴⁻¹¹ nan⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zai¹ nan³"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai¹¹ næ̃⁴⁵/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cuói-nūing"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡suɛ⁵⁴ nuiŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Min-Bei",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "căi-nâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁵⁵⁻⁵³ nˡɑŋ²⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsai-lān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zailan"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁴⁴⁻²² lan²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai³³ lan⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁴⁴⁻²² lan²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁴⁴⁻³³ lan³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁴⁴⁻³³ lan³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsai lāng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai³³⁻²³ laŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tsoj nanH"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡saɪ̯⁵⁵ nän⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɔːi̯⁵⁵ naːn²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai̯²⁴⁻¹¹ nan⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai¹¹ næ̃⁴⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡suɛ⁵⁴ nuiŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁵⁵⁻⁵³ nˡɑŋ²⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁴⁴⁻²² lan²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai³³ lan⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁴⁴⁻²² lan²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁴⁴⁻³³ lan³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁴⁴⁻³³ lan³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai³³⁻²³ laŋ¹¹/"
}
],
"word": "災難"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "災難",
"ruby": [
[
"災",
"さい"
],
[
"難",
"なん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "sainan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "さいなん"
},
"expansion": "災(さい)難(なん) • (sainan)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
13,
21
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to meet with disaster",
"roman": "sainan ni au",
"ruby": [
[
"災難",
"さいなん"
],
[
"遭",
"あ"
]
],
"text": "災難に遭う",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
10,
18
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to escape disaster",
"roman": "sainan o manukareru",
"ruby": [
[
"災難",
"さいなん"
],
[
"免",
"まぬか"
]
],
"text": "災難を免れる",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
76,
78
]
],
"ref": "2015 September 14, Kaori Shoji, “When disaster strikes in Japan, keep calm and carry a diaper”, in The Japan Times (in English), retrieved 2023-04-11:",
"text": "On a smaller scale, there’s the roster of small catastrophes called sainan (災難); these include everything from mushisasare (虫さされ, mosquito bites) and hage (ハゲ, losing your hair) to wakare (別れ, break-ups), rikon (離婚, divorce) and other relationship troubles.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"disaster"
],
"id": "en-災難-ja-noun-avMI1a1w",
"links": [
[
"disaster",
"disaster"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "さいなん"
},
{
"ipa": "[sa̠inã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "災難"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "jaenan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "재난",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "재난"
},
"expansion": "災難 • (jaenan) (hangeul 재난)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "disaster",
"word": "재난"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 재난 (“disaster”)"
],
"id": "en-災難-ko-noun-DhysJbgA",
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"재난",
"재난#Korean"
],
[
"disaster",
"disaster"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "災難"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "災難",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "災難",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of tai nạn (“accident”)."
],
"id": "en-災難-vi-noun-oIFJpgTR",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"tai nạn",
"tai nạn#Vietnamese:_災難"
],
[
"accident",
"accident"
]
]
}
],
"word": "災難"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "月亮有災難"
},
{
"word": "月亮有灾难"
},
{
"roman": "zāinànxìng",
"word": "災難性"
},
{
"roman": "zāinànxìng",
"word": "灾难性"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "災難"
},
"expansion": "災難",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "災難",
"2": "さいなん",
"gloss": "",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "災難(さいなん) (sainan)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "재난(災難)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "災難",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"pos": "",
"pos2": "",
"pos3": "",
"pos4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 재난(災難) (jaenan)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "tai nạn",
"bor": "1",
"id": "災難",
"pos": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "災難"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tai nạn (災難)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "災難",
"2": "さいなん",
"3": "재난",
"4": "tai nạn",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "災難",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "災難",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "災難",
"v": "災難",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (災難):\n* → Japanese: 災難(さいなん) (sainan)\n* → Korean: 재난(災難) (jaenan)\n* → Vietnamese: tai nạn (災難)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "さいなん",
"3": "재난",
"4": "tai nạn"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (災難):\n* → Japanese: 災難(さいなん) (sainan)\n* → Korean: 재난(災難) (jaenan)\n* → Vietnamese: tai nạn (災難)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (災難):\n* → Japanese: 災難(さいなん) (sainan)\n* → Korean: 재난(災難) (jaenan)\n* → Vietnamese: tai nạn (災難)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "灾难",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "災難",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese nouns classified by 場/场",
"Chinese nouns classified by 次",
"Chinese terms spelled with 災",
"Chinese terms spelled with 難",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Hakka lemmas",
"Hakka nouns",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien nouns",
"Intermediate Mandarin",
"Jin lemmas",
"Jin nouns",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for translations of Literary Chinese usage examples",
"Teochew lemmas",
"Teochew nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Literary Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " 648 CE, Fang Xuanling (lead editor), Book of Jin",
"roman": "Zāinàn yán yú zōngzǐ, quánbǐng lóng yú cháotíng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "災難延於宗子，權柄隆於朝廷。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Literary Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " 648 CE, Fang Xuanling (lead editor), Book of Jin",
"roman": "Zāinàn yán yú zōngzǐ, quánbǐng lóng yú cháotíng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "灾难延于宗子，权柄隆于朝廷。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"disaster; calamity; catastrophe (Classifier: 場／场; 次)"
],
"links": [
[
"disaster",
"disaster"
],
[
"calamity",
"calamity"
],
[
"catastrophe",
"catastrophe"
],
[
"場",
"場#Chinese"
],
[
"场",
"场#Chinese"
],
[
"次",
"次#Chinese"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zāinàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗㄞ ㄋㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zoi¹ naan⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "châi-nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zai¹ nan³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cuói-nūing"
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "căi-nâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chai-lān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "zai¹ lang⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zāinàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗㄞ ㄋㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zainàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tsai¹-nan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dzāi-nàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tzainann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзайнань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czajnanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡saɪ̯⁵⁵ nän⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jōi naahn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzoi¹ naan⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "zoi¹ nan⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɔːi̯⁵⁵ naːn²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "châi-nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "zai^ˊ nan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "zai¹ nan⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai̯²⁴⁻¹¹ nan⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zai¹ nan³"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai¹¹ næ̃⁴⁵/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized",
"Min-Bei"
],
"zh-pron": "cuói-nūing"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡suɛ⁵⁴ nuiŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Min-Bei",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong"
],
"zh-pron": "căi-nâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁵⁵⁻⁵³ nˡɑŋ²⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Min-Dong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsai-lān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zailan"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁴⁴⁻²² lan²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai³³ lan⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁴⁴⁻²² lan²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁴⁴⁻³³ lan³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁴⁴⁻³³ lan³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsai lāng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai³³⁻²³ laŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tsoj nanH"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡saɪ̯⁵⁵ nän⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɔːi̯⁵⁵ naːn²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai̯²⁴⁻¹¹ nan⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai¹¹ næ̃⁴⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡suɛ⁵⁴ nuiŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁵⁵⁻⁵³ nˡɑŋ²⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁴⁴⁻²² lan²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai³³ lan⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁴⁴⁻²² lan²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁴⁴⁻³³ lan³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai⁴⁴⁻³³ lan³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sai³³⁻²³ laŋ¹¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "luànr",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "亂兒"
},
{
"roman": "luànr",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "乱儿"
},
{
"english": "man-made disaster",
"roman": "rénhuò",
"word": "人禍"
},
{
"english": "man-made disaster",
"roman": "rénhuò",
"word": "人祸"
},
{
"roman": "jié",
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"religion",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "劫"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "劫煞"
},
{
"roman": "jiénàn",
"word": "劫難"
},
{
"roman": "jiénàn",
"word": "劫难"
},
{
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "厄"
},
{
"english": "major catastrophe",
"roman": "dàhuò",
"word": "大禍"
},
{
"english": "major catastrophe",
"roman": "dàhuò",
"word": "大祸"
},
{
"english": "major catastrophe",
"roman": "dànàn",
"word": "大難"
},
{
"english": "major catastrophe",
"roman": "dànàn",
"word": "大难"
},
{
"english": "natural disaster",
"roman": "tiānzāi",
"word": "天災"
},
{
"english": "natural disaster",
"roman": "tiānzāi",
"word": "天灾"
},
{
"roman": "yāng'è",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "央厄"
},
{
"english": "unexpected disaster",
"roman": "qíhuò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "奇禍"
},
{
"english": "unexpected disaster",
"roman": "qíhuò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "奇祸"
},
{
"roman": "jùhuò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "巨禍"
},
{
"roman": "jùhuò",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "巨祸"
},
{
"roman": "huàn",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "患"
},
{
"roman": "cǎnshì",
"word": "慘事"
},
{
"roman": "cǎnshì",
"word": "惨事"
},
{
"roman": "cǎnjù",
"word": "慘劇"
},
{
"roman": "cǎnjù",
"word": "惨剧"
},
{
"english": "tragic accident",
"roman": "cǎnhuò",
"word": "慘禍"
},
{
"english": "tragic accident",
"roman": "cǎnhuò",
"word": "惨祸"
},
{
"roman": "sua1 sab4",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "沙𧐔"
},
{
"roman": "hàojié",
"word": "浩劫"
},
{
"roman": "zāi",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "災"
},
{
"roman": "zāi",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "灾"
},
{
"roman": "zāijié",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "災劫"
},
{
"roman": "zāijié",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "灾劫"
},
{
"roman": "zāi'è",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "災厄"
},
{
"roman": "zāi'è",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "灾厄"
},
{
"roman": "zāihài",
"word": "災害"
},
{
"roman": "zāihài",
"word": "灾害"
},
{
"roman": "zāiyāng",
"word": "災殃"
},
{
"roman": "zāiyāng",
"word": "灾殃"
},
{
"roman": "zāihuò",
"word": "災禍"
},
{
"roman": "zāihuò",
"word": "灾祸"
},
{
"english": "natural disaster",
"roman": "zāibiàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "災變"
},
{
"english": "natural disaster",
"roman": "zāibiàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "灾变"
},
{
"roman": "yōngjū",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "癰疽"
},
{
"roman": "yōngjū",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "痈疽"
},
{
"roman": "shěnglì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "眚沴"
},
{
"roman": "huò",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "禍"
},
{
"roman": "huò",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "祸"
},
{
"roman": "huòshì",
"word": "禍事"
},
{
"roman": "huòshì",
"word": "祸事"
},
{
"roman": "huòhài",
"word": "禍害"
},
{
"roman": "huòhài",
"word": "祸害"
},
{
"roman": "ho5 si6",
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "禍息"
},
{
"roman": "ho5 si6",
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "祸息"
},
{
"roman": "huòhuàn",
"word": "禍患"
},
{
"roman": "huòhuàn",
"word": "祸患"
},
{
"roman": "huòyāng",
"word": "禍殃"
},
{
"roman": "huòyāng",
"word": "祸殃"
}
],
"word": "災難"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "災難",
"ruby": [
[
"災",
"さい"
],
[
"難",
"なん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "sainan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "さいなん"
},
"expansion": "災(さい)難(なん) • (sainan)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with quotations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with usage examples",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
13,
21
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to meet with disaster",
"roman": "sainan ni au",
"ruby": [
[
"災難",
"さいなん"
],
[
"遭",
"あ"
]
],
"text": "災難に遭う",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
10,
18
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to escape disaster",
"roman": "sainan o manukareru",
"ruby": [
[
"災難",
"さいなん"
],
[
"免",
"まぬか"
]
],
"text": "災難を免れる",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
76,
78
]
],
"ref": "2015 September 14, Kaori Shoji, “When disaster strikes in Japan, keep calm and carry a diaper”, in The Japan Times (in English), retrieved 2023-04-11:",
"text": "On a smaller scale, there’s the roster of small catastrophes called sainan (災難); these include everything from mushisasare (虫さされ, mosquito bites) and hage (ハゲ, losing your hair) to wakare (別れ, break-ups), rikon (離婚, divorce) and other relationship troubles.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"disaster"
],
"links": [
[
"disaster",
"disaster"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "さいなん"
},
{
"ipa": "[sa̠inã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "災難"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "jaenan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "재난",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "재난"
},
"expansion": "災難 • (jaenan) (hangeul 재난)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja forms",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "disaster",
"word": "재난"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 재난 (“disaster”)"
],
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"재난",
"재난#Korean"
],
[
"disaster",
"disaster"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "災難"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "災難",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "災難",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns in Han script"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of tai nạn (“accident”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"tai nạn",
"tai nạn#Vietnamese:_災難"
],
[
"accident",
"accident"
]
]
}
],
"word": "災難"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 災難 meaning in All languages combined (14.8kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"災難"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "災難",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E7%81%BD%E9%9B%A3'], ['edit']){} >",
"path": [
"災難"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "災難",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"災難"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "災難",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-20 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.