"桑" meaning in All languages combined

See 桑 on Wiktionary

Character [Chinese]

IPA: /sɑŋ⁵⁵/ [Mandarin, Standard-Chinese, Sinological-IPA], /saŋ⁵⁵/ [Mandarin, Chengdu, Sinological-IPA], /sɔːŋ⁵⁵/ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Sinological-IPA], /ɬɔŋ³³/ [Cantonese, Taishanese, Taicheng, Sinological-IPA], /ɬɔŋ³³⁻²¹/ [Cantonese, Taishanese, Taicheng, Sinological-IPA], /sɔŋ⁴²/ [Gan, Nanchang, Sinological-IPA], /soŋ²⁴/ [Hakka, Sixian, Miaoli, Neipu, Sinological-IPA], /son²⁴/ [Hakka, Sixian, Miaoli, Neipu, Sinological-IPA], /soŋ⁵³/ [Hakka, Hailu, Zhudong, Sinological-IPA], /sɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Hakka, Meixian, Sinological-IPA], /sɒ̃¹¹/ [Jin, Taiyuan, Sinological-IPA, dated], /sɔŋ⁵⁴/ [Min-Bei, Jian'ou, Sinological-IPA], /souŋ⁵⁵/ [Min-Dong, Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /ɬɒŋ⁵³³/ [Puxian-Min, Sinological-IPA], /ɬɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/ [Puxian-Min, Sinological-IPA], /sŋ̍⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Xiamen], /sɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Xiamen], /sŋ̍³³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Quanzhou], /sɔŋ³³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Quanzhou], /sŋ̍⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Zhangzhou], /sɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Zhangzhou], /sŋ̍⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Taipei], /sɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Taipei], /sŋ̍⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Kaohsiung], /sɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Kaohsiung], /sɯŋ³³/ [Teochew, Sinological-IPA], /suaŋ³⁵/ [Leizhou, Sinological-IPA], /sɑ̃⁵³/ [Wu, Northern, Shanghai, Sinological-IPA], /san³³/ [Xiang, Changsha, Sinological-IPA] Forms: [alternative], 𣕐 [alternative], [alternative], 𠭨 [alternative], 𠭌 [alternative]
Etymology: Pictogram (象形) of a mulberry tree. What were the shape of the tree's foliage is now 叒 Unknown (Schuessler (2007)). Etymology templates: {{categorize|zh|Han pictograms}}, {{liushu|p}} Pictogram (象形), {{och-l|*叒}} 叒, {{unk|zh}} Unknown, {{zh-ref|Schuessler (2007)}} Schuessler (2007) Head templates: {{head|zh|hanzi}} 桑
  1. mulberry tree
    Sense id: en-桑-zh-character-6iNmj-5j
  2. a surname
    Sense id: en-桑-zh-character-v2O7m9sM Categories (other): Chinese surnames
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1 Synonyms: 桑樹 [formal, Written-vernacular-Chinese], 桑樹 [Northeastern-Mandarin, Beijing], 桑樹 [Northeastern-Mandarin, Taiwan], 桑樹 [Northeastern-Mandarin, Harbin], 桑樹 [Jilu-Mandarin, Jinan], 桑樹 [Jiaoliao-Mandarin, Yantai, Muping], 桑樹 [Central-Plains-Mandarin, Luoyang], 桑樹 [Central-Plains-Mandarin, Xi'an], 桑樹 [Central-Plains-Mandarin, Xining], 蠶桑 [Central-Plains-Mandarin, Xuzhou], 桑樹 [Central-Plains-Mandarin, Xuzhou], 桑樹 [Central-Plains-Mandarin], 桑杏兒樹 [Central-Plains-Mandarin], 桑樹 [Lanyin-Mandarin, Yinchuan], 桑樹 [Lanyin-Mandarin, Lanzhou], 桑樹 [Lanyin-Mandarin, Ürümqi], 桑葉樹 [Southwestern-Mandarin, Chengdu], 桑樹 [Southwestern-Mandarin, Chengdu], 桑樹 [Southwestern-Mandarin, Wuhan], 桑樹 [Southwestern-Mandarin, Guiyang], 桑樹 [Southwestern-Mandarin, Guilin], 桑樹 [Southwestern-Mandarin, Liuzhou], 桑樹 [Jianghuai-Mandarin, Nanjing], 桑樹 [Jianghuai-Mandarin, Yangzhou], 桑樹 [Jianghuai-Mandarin], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Guangzhou], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 桑仔樹 [Cantonese], 桑仔樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Macau], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Panyu], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Huashan, Huadu], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Conghua], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Zengcheng], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Foshan], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Foshan, Shatou, Nanhai], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Foshan, Shunde], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Foshan, Sanshui], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Zhongshan, Shiqi], 蠶蟲樹 [Cantonese, Zhuhai, Qianshan], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Zhuhai, Doumen], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Zhuhai, Doumen], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Jiangmen, Baisha], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Jiangmen, Xinhui], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Taishan], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Kaiping, Chikan], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Dongguan], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Shenzhen, Shajing, Bao'an], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 蠶樹 [Cantonese], 蠶樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Fengkai], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Yangjiang], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Xinyi], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Lianjiang], 蠶桑 [Cantonese, Lianjiang], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Nanning], 桑樹 [Cantonese], 蠶木 [Cantonese], 蠶樹 [Cantonese], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Guangfu], 桑樹 [Cantonese, Guangfu], 桑樹 [Gan, Nanchang], 桑樹 [Gan, Lichuan], 桑樹 [Gan, Pingxiang], 桑仔樹 [Hakka, Meixian], 桑樹 [Hakka, Huizhou], 桑樹 [Hakka, Dongguan, Qingxi], 桑樹 [Hakka, Shenzhen, Shatoujiao], 桑樹 [Hakka, Guangzhou, Lütian, Conghua], 蠶子樹 [Hakka, Yudu], 蠶樹 [Hakka, Yudu], 桑仔樹 [Hakka, Miaoli], 桑仔樹 [Hakka, Pingtung, Neipu], 桑仔樹 [Hakka, Zhudong, Hailu], 桑垂樹 [Hakka, Taichung, Dongshi, Dabu], 桑仔樹 [Hakka, Qionglin, Raoping], 蠶樹 [Hakka, Qionglin, Raoping], 桑樹 [Hakka, Yunlin, Lunbei, Zhao'an], 桑仔樹 [Hakka], 桑木 [Hakka, Luchuan], 桑樹 [Hakka, Senai, Huiyang], 桑葉樹 [Huizhou, Jixi], 桑樹 [Huizhou, Jixi], 桑樹 [Huizhou], 蠶兒樹 [Huizhou], 桑樹 [Jin, Taiyuan], 桑葚樹 [Jin], 桑錢樹 [Jin, Xinzhou], 桑樹 [Jin, Xinzhou], 桑樹 [Jin, Hohhot], 蠶仔樹 [Min-Bei, Jian'ou], 蠶繭樹 [Min-Dong, Fuzhou], 蠶繭箬樹 [Min-Dong, Fuzhou], 桑樹 [Min-Dong, Fuzhou], 蠶囝樹 [Min-Dong, Fuzhou], 桑囝樹 [Min-Dong], 蠶囝樹 [Min-Dong], 桑樹 [Min-Dong], 桑樹 [Min-Dong], 桑樹 [Min-Dong], 桑柴 [Min-Dong], 桑柴 [Min-Dong], 桑柴 [Min-Dong], 蠶囝樹 [Min-Dong], 蟲樹 [Min-Dong], 娘仔樹 [Min-Nan, Xiamen], 蠶垂 [Min-Nan, Zhangzhou], 蠶箬 [Min-Nan, Zhangzhou], 蠶仔樹 [Min-Nan], 桑材仔 [Min-Nan, Taipei], 娘仔樹 [Min-Nan], 桑材 [Min-Nan, Kaohsiung], 娘仔樹 [Min-Nan, Yilan], 桑材樹 [Min-Nan, Lukang], 桑垂樹 [Min-Nan, Taichung], 鹽桑仔叢 [Min-Nan, Tainan], 桑材 [Min-Nan], 桑材 [Min-Nan, Kinmen], 桑垂 [Min-Nan], 桑樹 [Min-Nan], 桑垂樹 [Min-Nan, Jieyang], 桑樹 [Min-Nan, Bangkok, Teochew], 桑樹 [Min-Nan, Teochew], 蠶樹 [Min-Nan, Haikou], 桑術, 桑術, 蠶仔樹, 蠶仔樹, 桑樹 [Zhongshan], 桑樹 [Zhongshan], 桑子樹 [Zhongshan], 桑根 [Southern-Pinghua, Nanning, Tingzi], 桑樹 [Southern-Pinghua, Nanning, Tingzi], 桑樹 [Guilin], 桑樹 [Wu, Shanghai], 蠶葉樹 [Wu, Shanghai, Chongming], 桑樹 [Wu, Suzhou], 桑樹 [Wu, Danyang], 桑樹 [Wu, Hangzhou], 桑樹 [Wu, Ningbo], 桑樹 [Wu, Wenzhou], 桑葉樹 [Wu, Jinhua], 桑葉樹 [Xiang, Changsha], 桑葉樹 [Xiang, Loudi], 桑葉樹 [Xiang, Quanzhou], 桑樹 [Xiang, Quanzhou] Derived forms: 佛桑, 巴達桑, 巴达桑, 扶桑 (fúsāng), 扶桑花, 指桑罵槐 (zhǐsāngmàhuái), 指桑骂槐 (zhǐsāngmàhuái), 指桑說槐, 指桑说槐, 暮景桑榆, 暴桑, 東海桑田, 东海桑田, 柴桑, 桑中, 桑中之約, 桑中之约, 桑乾河 (Sānggānhé), 桑干河 (Sānggānhé), 桑乾盆地, 桑干盆地, 桑堆 (Sāngduī), 桑弧蓬矢, 桑德斯 (Sāngdésī), 桑扈, 桑拿 (sāngná), 桑新婦, 桑新妇, 桑柔, 桑柘, 桑株 (Sāngzhū), 桑梓 (sāngzǐ), 桑梓之邦, 桑榆 (sāngyú), 桑榆晚景 (sāngyúwǎnjǐng), 桑榆暮影, 桑榆暮景 (sāngyúmùjǐng), 桑榆末景, 桑樞, 桑枢, 桑樞甕牖, 桑枢瓮牖, 桑樹 (sāngshù), 桑树 (sāngshù), 桑橙 (sāngchéng), 桑澗 (Sāngjiàn), 桑涧 (Sāngjiàn), 桑琅琅, 桑田 (sāngtián), 桑白皮 (sāngbáipí), 桑皮紙, 桑皮纸, 桑科, 桑給巴爾 (Sāngjǐbā'ěr), 桑给巴尔 (Sāngjǐbā'ěr), 桑葚, 桑落, 桑落酒, 桑蓬之志, 桑那浴, 桑門, 桑门, 桑間之音 (sāngjiānzhīyīn), 桑间之音 (sāngjiānzhīyīn), 桑間濮上 (sāngjiānpúshàng), 桑间濮上 (sāngjiānpúshàng), 桑麻, 條桑育, 条桑育, 歐吉桑 (ōujísāng), 欧吉桑 (ōujísāng), 歐巴桑 (ōubāsāng), 欧巴桑 (ōubāsāng), 歷盡滄桑, 历尽沧桑, 洛桑 (Luòsāng), 洛桑公約, 洛桑公约, 洛桑會議, 洛桑会议, 渤澥桑田, 滄桑 (cāngsāng), 沧桑 (cāngsāng), 滄桑之變, 沧桑之变, 滄海桑田 (cānghǎisāngtián), 沧海桑田 (cānghǎisāngtián), 濮上桑間, 濮上桑间, 甕牖桑樞, 瓮牖桑枢, 生桑之夢, 生桑之梦, 田月桑時, 田月桑时, 白桑關 (Báisāngguān), 白桑关 (Báisāngguān), 研桑心計, 研桑心计, 空桑, 空桑子, 翳桑餓人, 翳桑饿人, 苞桑 (bāosāng), 躬桑, 車桑仔, 车桑仔, 農桑 (nóngsāng), 农桑 (nóngsāng), 鄭衛桑間, 郑卫桑间, 阿巴桑, 陌上桑, 隰桑, 雞犬桑麻, 鸡犬桑麻, 黃桑棒, 黄桑棒

Character [Chinese]

IPA: /sɑŋ⁵⁵/ [Mandarin, Standard-Chinese, Sinological-IPA], /saŋ⁵⁵/ [Mandarin, Chengdu, Sinological-IPA], /sɔːŋ⁵⁵/ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Sinological-IPA], /ɬɔŋ³³/ [Cantonese, Taishanese, Taicheng, Sinological-IPA], /ɬɔŋ³³⁻²¹/ [Cantonese, Taishanese, Taicheng, Sinological-IPA], /sɔŋ⁴²/ [Gan, Nanchang, Sinological-IPA], /soŋ²⁴/ [Hakka, Sixian, Miaoli, Neipu, Sinological-IPA], /son²⁴/ [Hakka, Sixian, Miaoli, Neipu, Sinological-IPA], /soŋ⁵³/ [Hakka, Hailu, Zhudong, Sinological-IPA], /sɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Hakka, Meixian, Sinological-IPA], /sɒ̃¹¹/ [Jin, Taiyuan, Sinological-IPA, dated], /sɔŋ⁵⁴/ [Min-Bei, Jian'ou, Sinological-IPA], /souŋ⁵⁵/ [Min-Dong, Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /ɬɒŋ⁵³³/ [Puxian-Min, Sinological-IPA], /ɬɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/ [Puxian-Min, Sinological-IPA], /sŋ̍⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Xiamen], /sɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Xiamen], /sŋ̍³³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Quanzhou], /sɔŋ³³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Quanzhou], /sŋ̍⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Zhangzhou], /sɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Zhangzhou], /sŋ̍⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Taipei], /sɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Taipei], /sŋ̍⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Kaohsiung], /sɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Kaohsiung], /sɯŋ³³/ [Teochew, Sinological-IPA], /suaŋ³⁵/ [Leizhou, Sinological-IPA], /sɑ̃⁵³/ [Wu, Northern, Shanghai, Sinological-IPA], /san³³/ [Xiang, Changsha, Sinological-IPA], /sɑŋ⁵⁵/ [Mandarin, Standard-Chinese, Sinological-IPA], /sɑŋ⁵⁵/ [Mandarin, Standard-Chinese, Sinological-IPA], /saŋ⁵⁵/ [Mandarin, Chengdu, Sinological-IPA], /sɔːŋ⁵⁵/ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Sinological-IPA], /ɬɔŋ³³/ [Cantonese, Taishanese, Taicheng, Sinological-IPA], /ɬɔŋ³³⁻²¹/ [Cantonese, Taishanese, Taicheng, Sinological-IPA], /sɔŋ⁴²/ [Gan, Nanchang, Sinological-IPA], /soŋ²⁴/ [Hakka, Sixian, Miaoli, Neipu, Sinological-IPA], /son²⁴/ [Hakka, Sixian, Miaoli, Neipu, Sinological-IPA], /soŋ⁵³/ [Hakka, Hailu, Zhudong, Sinological-IPA], /sɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Hakka, Meixian, Sinological-IPA], /sɒ̃¹¹/ [Jin, Taiyuan, Sinological-IPA, dated], /sɔŋ⁵⁴/ [Min-Bei, Jian'ou, Sinological-IPA], /souŋ⁵⁵/ [Min-Dong, Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /ɬɒŋ⁵³³/ [Puxian-Min, Sinological-IPA], /ɬɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/ [Puxian-Min, Sinological-IPA], /sŋ̍⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Xiamen], /sɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Xiamen], /sŋ̍³³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Quanzhou], /sɔŋ³³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Quanzhou], /sŋ̍⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Zhangzhou], /sɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Zhangzhou], /sŋ̍⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Taipei], /sɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Taipei], /sŋ̍⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Kaohsiung], /sɔŋ⁴⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA, Kaohsiung], /sɯŋ³³/ [Teochew, Sinological-IPA], /suaŋ³⁵/ [Leizhou, Sinological-IPA], /sɑ̃⁵³/ [Wu, Northern, Shanghai, Sinological-IPA], /san³³/ [Xiang, Changsha, Sinological-IPA] Forms: [alternative], 𣕐 [alternative], [alternative], 𠭨 [alternative], 𠭌 [alternative]
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese さん (-san). Compare Min Nan 卡桑 (khà-sàng), 多桑 (tò-sàng), 歐巴桑/欧巴桑 (o͘-bá-sáng), and 歐吉桑/欧吉桑 (o͘-jí-sáng). Etymology templates: {{bor|zh|ja|-}} Japanese, {{cog|nan|-}} Min Nan, {{zh-l|卡桑|tr=khà-sàng}} 卡桑 (khà-sàng), {{zh-l|多桑|tr=tò-sàng}} 多桑 (tò-sàng), {{zh-l|歐巴桑|tr=o͘-bá-sáng}} 歐巴桑/欧巴桑 (o͘-bá-sáng), {{zh-l|歐吉桑|tr=o͘-jí-sáng}} 歐吉桑/欧吉桑 (o͘-jí-sáng) Head templates: {{head|zh|hanzi}} 桑
  1. (Mandarin, ACG, Internet slang) -san Tags: Internet, Mandarin Synonyms: (shēng) Related terms: (jiàng) (english: -chan), (jiàng) (english: -chan), (tàn) (english: -tan), (jūn) (english: -kun), (yàng) (english: -sama), (yàng) (english: -sama)
    Sense id: en-桑-zh-character-sAzxp9g3 Categories (other): Mandarin Chinese, Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Chinese hanzi, Eastern Min hanzi, Middle Chinese hanzi, Northern Min hanzi, Old Chinese hanzi Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 4 14 82 Disambiguation of Chinese hanzi: 8 11 81 Disambiguation of Eastern Min hanzi: 3 21 76 Disambiguation of Middle Chinese hanzi: 1 12 87 Disambiguation of Northern Min hanzi: 3 20 77 Disambiguation of Old Chinese hanzi: 1 12 87 Topics: ACG, video-games
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Affix [Japanese]

IPA: [kɯ̟β̞a̠], [so̞ː], [kɯ̟β̞a̠] Forms: [canonical] (ruby: (そう)), [romanization], sau [romanization], さう [hiragana, historical]
Etymology: From Middle Chinese 桑 (MC sang). Etymology templates: {{der|ja|ltc|-}} Middle Chinese, {{ltc-l|桑}} 桑 (MC sang) Head templates: {{ja-pos|affix|そう|hhira=さう}} 桑(そう) • (sō) ^(←さう (sau)?)
  1. mulberry
    Sense id: en-桑-ja-affix-KvwPa9~6 Categories (other): Mulberry family plants Disambiguation of Mulberry family plants: 29 12 29 29
  2. (US) short for 桑港 (“San Francisco (a city in California, United States)”) Tags: US, abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: 桑港 (extra: (“San Francisco (a city in California, United States)”)) Categories (place): Cities in California, USA, Cities in the United States, Places in California, USA, Places in the United States
    Sense id: en-桑-ja-affix-NndKz1Gi Categories (other): American Japanese, San Francisco, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries, Japanese affixes, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 1 kanji, Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō), Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Mulberry family plants Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 1 8 22 2 62 2 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 5 30 1 60 1 1 Disambiguation of Japanese affixes: 8 76 8 8 Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 4 89 4 4 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 4 88 4 4 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 5 86 5 5 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 4 48 44 4 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō): 4 87 4 4 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 4 88 4 4 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 3 90 3 3 Disambiguation of Mulberry family plants: 29 12 29 29
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Character [Japanese]

Forms: Jōyō kanji [romanization]
  1. mulberry Tags: kanji
    Sense id: en-桑-ja-character-KvwPa9~6 Categories (other): Japanese jōyō kanji, Japanese kanji, Japanese terms with 1 kanji, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant transliterations, Mulberry family plants Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 4 48 44 4 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 50 50 Disambiguation of Mulberry family plants: 29 12 29 29

Noun [Japanese]

IPA: [kɯ̟β̞a̠] Forms: [canonical] (ruby: (くわ)), [canonical] (ruby: (クワ)), kuwa [romanization], kufa [romanization], くは [hiragana, historical], クハ [hiragana, historical]
Etymology: /kupa/ → /kuɸa/ → /kuwa/ From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE. From Proto-Japonic *kupa. Ultimate derivation unclear. Definitely not related to Korean 뽕 (ppong, “mulberry tree”) or 오디 (odi, “mulberry fruit”), nor to Ainu テㇱマニ (tesmani, “mulberry tree”) or ツレㇷ゚ニ (turepni, “mulberry tree”). Some theories suggest this might have originally been a compound. Possible derivations may include: * A shift from 蚕葉 (kopa, “silkworm + leaf”) * A shift from 胡葉 (kopa, “non-Chinese people to the west of China + leaf”), possibly referencing the origin of some mulberry species in central Asia * A contraction of 食ふ葉 (kupu pa, “eat + leaf”), where kupu is the ancient reading of modern 食う (kuu) Etymology templates: {{inh|ja|ojp|-|sort=くわ}} Old Japanese, {{C.E.|nodots=1}} CE, {{CE}} CE, {{inh|ja|jpx-pro|*kupa|sort=くわ}} Proto-Japonic *kupa, {{noncog|ko|뽕||mulberry tree}} Korean 뽕 (ppong, “mulberry tree”), {{noncog|ain|テㇱマニ||mulberry tree|tr=tesmani}} Ainu テㇱマニ (tesmani, “mulberry tree”) Head templates: {{ja-noun|くわ|クワ|hist1=くは|hist2=クハ}} 桑(くわ) or 桑(クワ) • (kuwa) ^(←くは (kufa) or クハ (kufa)?)
  1. mulberry Related terms: 桑白皮 (sōhakuhi) (ruby: 桑白皮(そうはくひ))
    Sense id: en-桑-ja-noun-KvwPa9~6 Categories (other): Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Mulberry family plants Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 50 50 Disambiguation of Mulberry family plants: 29 12 29 29
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Character [Korean]

IPA: [sʰa̠ŋ] [SK-Standard, Seoul] Forms: 뽕나무 상 [eumhun]
Etymology: From Middle Chinese 桑 (MC sang). Etymology templates: {{der|ko|ltc|-|sort=상}} Middle Chinese, {{ltc-l|桑}} 桑 (MC sang), {{okm-l|사ᇰ|sàng|link=no}} 사ᇰ (Yale: sàng), {{okm-l|사ᇰ|sàng}} 사ᇰ (Yale: sàng), {{okm-l|ᄲᅩᇰ나모|spwòng-nàmwò}} ᄲᅩᇰ나모 (Yale: spwòng-nàmwò), {{hanja-ety|dk=<i class="Kore mention" lang="okm">사ᇰ</i> (Yale: sàng)|m=<i class="Kore mention" lang="okm">사ᇰ</i> (Yale: sàng)|mh=<i class="Kore mention" lang="okm">ᄲᅩᇰ나모</i> (Yale: spwòng-nàmwò)|ml=樹木#상10A}} Head templates: {{ko-hanja|뽕나무|상}} 桑 (eumhun 뽕나무 상 (ppongnamu sang))
  1. hanja form of 상 (“mulberry tree”) [affix] Tags: form-of, hanja Form of: (extra: mulberry tree)
    Sense id: en-桑-ko-character-ZhKdF~Yf Categories (other): Korean entries with incorrect language header, Korean hanja, Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries Derived forms: 궁간상 (gunggansang) (alt: 弓幹桑), 농상 (nongsang) (alt: 農桑), 부상 (Busang) (alt: 扶桑), 산상 (sansang) (alt: 山桑), 상과 (sanggwa) (alt: 桑果), 상근 (sanggeun) (alt: 桑根), 상년 (sangnyeon) (alt: 桑年), 상목 (sangmok) (alt: 桑木), 상문 (sangmun) (alt: 桑門), 상부 (sangbu) (alt: 桑婦), 상실 (sangsil) (alt: 桑實), 상야 (sang'ya) (alt: 桑野), 상엽 (sang'yeop) (alt: 桑葉), 상전 (sangjeon) (alt: 桑田), 상전벽해 (sangjeonbyeokhae) (alt: 桑田碧海), 상중 (sangjung) (alt: 桑中), 상천우 (sangcheonu) (alt: 桑天牛), 상호 (sangho) (alt: 桑弧), 상호 (sangho) (alt: 桑戶), 상호 (sangho) (alt: 桑扈), 잠상 (jamsang) (alt: 蠶桑)

Character [Translingual]

  1. 桑 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 水水水木 (EEED), four-corner 1790₄, composition ⿱叒木)

Character [Vietnamese]

Forms: tang [Hán-Nôm], dâu [Hán-Nôm]
  1. Tags: no-gloss
    Sense id: en-桑-vi-character-47DEQpj8

Alternative forms

{
  "lang": "Translingual",
  "lang_code": "mul",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "桑 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 水水水木 (EEED), four-corner 1790₄, composition ⿱叒木)"
      ],
      "id": "en-桑-mul-character-K0Prt-4b",
      "links": [
        [
          "Kangxi radical",
          "Kangxi radical"
        ],
        [
          "叒",
          "叒#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "木",
          "木#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "han"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "桑"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "佛桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "巴達桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "巴达桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "fúsāng",
      "word": "扶桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "扶桑花"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zhǐsāngmàhuái",
      "word": "指桑罵槐"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zhǐsāngmàhuái",
      "word": "指桑骂槐"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "指桑說槐"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "指桑说槐"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "暮景桑榆"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "暴桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "東海桑田"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "东海桑田"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "柴桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑中"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑中之約"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑中之约"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "Sānggānhé",
      "word": "桑乾河"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "Sānggānhé",
      "word": "桑干河"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑乾盆地"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑干盆地"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "Sāngduī",
      "word": "桑堆"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑弧蓬矢"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "Sāngdésī",
      "word": "桑德斯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑扈"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sāngná",
      "word": "桑拿"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑新婦"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑新妇"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑柔"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑柘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "Sāngzhū",
      "word": "桑株"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sāngzǐ",
      "word": "桑梓"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑梓之邦"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sāngyú",
      "word": "桑榆"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sāngyúwǎnjǐng",
      "word": "桑榆晚景"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑榆暮影"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sāngyúmùjǐng",
      "word": "桑榆暮景"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑榆末景"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑樞"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑枢"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑樞甕牖"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑枢瓮牖"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sāngshù",
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sāngshù",
      "word": "桑树"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sāngchéng",
      "word": "桑橙"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "Sāngjiàn",
      "word": "桑澗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "Sāngjiàn",
      "word": "桑涧"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑琅琅"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sāngtián",
      "word": "桑田"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sāngbáipí",
      "word": "桑白皮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑皮紙"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑皮纸"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑科"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "Sāngjǐbā'ěr",
      "word": "桑給巴爾"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "Sāngjǐbā'ěr",
      "word": "桑给巴尔"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑葚"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑落"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑落酒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑蓬之志"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑那浴"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑門"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑门"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sāngjiānzhīyīn",
      "word": "桑間之音"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sāngjiānzhīyīn",
      "word": "桑间之音"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sāngjiānpúshàng",
      "word": "桑間濮上"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sāngjiānpúshàng",
      "word": "桑间濮上"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "桑麻"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "條桑育"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "条桑育"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ōujísāng",
      "word": "歐吉桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ōujísāng",
      "word": "欧吉桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ōubāsāng",
      "word": "歐巴桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ōubāsāng",
      "word": "欧巴桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "歷盡滄桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "历尽沧桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "Luòsāng",
      "word": "洛桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "洛桑公約"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "洛桑公约"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "洛桑會議"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "洛桑会议"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "渤澥桑田"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "cāngsāng",
      "word": "滄桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "cāngsāng",
      "word": "沧桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "滄桑之變"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "沧桑之变"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "cānghǎisāngtián",
      "word": "滄海桑田"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "cānghǎisāngtián",
      "word": "沧海桑田"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "濮上桑間"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "濮上桑间"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "甕牖桑樞"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "瓮牖桑枢"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "生桑之夢"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "生桑之梦"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "田月桑時"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "田月桑时"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "Báisāngguān",
      "word": "白桑關"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "Báisāngguān",
      "word": "白桑关"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "研桑心計"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "研桑心计"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "空桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "空桑子"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "翳桑餓人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "翳桑饿人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "bāosāng",
      "word": "苞桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "躬桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "車桑仔"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "车桑仔"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "nóngsāng",
      "word": "農桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "nóngsāng",
      "word": "农桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "鄭衛桑間"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "郑卫桑间"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "阿巴桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "陌上桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "隰桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "雞犬桑麻"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "鸡犬桑麻"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "黃桑棒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "黄桑棒"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "Han pictograms"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "p"
      },
      "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)",
      "name": "liushu"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*叒"
      },
      "expansion": "叒",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Schuessler (2007)"
      },
      "expansion": "Schuessler (2007)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Pictogram (象形) of a mulberry tree. What were the shape of the tree's foliage is now 叒\nUnknown (Schuessler (2007)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "槡",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "𣕐",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "桒",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "𠭨",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "𠭌",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "桑",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "mulberry tree"
      ],
      "id": "en-桑-zh-character-6iNmj-5j",
      "links": [
        [
          "mulberry",
          "mulberry"
        ],
        [
          "tree",
          "tree"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese surnames",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a surname"
      ],
      "id": "en-桑-zh-character-v2O7m9sM",
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng (sang¹)"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄙㄤ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sichuanese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹⁻⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sôn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Guangdong"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "só̤ng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Foochow-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sŏng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "seng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Leizhou",
        "Leizhou",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "suang¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saon"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "san¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄙㄤ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "roman": "san",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "сан"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɑŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sichuanese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Latinxua-Sin-Wenz"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/saŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sōng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔːŋ⁵⁵/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹⁻⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɔŋ³³⁻²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴²/",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sôn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/soŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/son²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Zhudong",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/soŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Zhudong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Guangdong"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɒ̃¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "dated"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Jian'ou",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "só̤ng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Jian'ou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou",
        "Foochow-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sŏng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/souŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian",
        "Hinghwa-Romanized"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "so̤ng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɒŋ⁵³³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sngf"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sofng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "seng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sṳng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɯŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Leizhou",
        "Leizhou",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "suang¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/suaŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Leizhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saon"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "MiniDict"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "saon^平"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɑ̃⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "san¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/san³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Baxter-Sagart"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "/*[s]ˤaŋ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "/*sŋaːŋ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "Written-vernacular-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Northeastern-Mandarin",
        "Beijing"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Northeastern-Mandarin",
        "Taiwan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Northeastern-Mandarin",
        "Harbin"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Jilu-Mandarin",
        "Jinan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Jiaoliao-Mandarin",
        "Yantai",
        "Muping"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Central-Plains-Mandarin",
        "Luoyang"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Central-Plains-Mandarin",
        "Xi'an"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Central-Plains-Mandarin",
        "Xining"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Central-Plains-Mandarin",
        "Xuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Central-Plains-Mandarin",
        "Xuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Sokuluk",
        "Gansu Dungan"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Central-Plains-Mandarin"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Masanchin",
        "Shaanxi Dungan"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Central-Plains-Mandarin"
      ],
      "word": "桑杏兒樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Lanyin-Mandarin",
        "Yinchuan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Lanyin-Mandarin",
        "Lanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Lanyin-Mandarin",
        "Ürümqi"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Chengdu"
      ],
      "word": "桑葉樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Chengdu"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Wuhan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Guiyang"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Guilin"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Liuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Jianghuai-Mandarin",
        "Nanjing"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Jianghuai-Mandarin",
        "Yangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Huanggang"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Jianghuai-Mandarin"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hong Kong",
        "Kam Tin",
        "Weitou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hong Kong",
        "Ting Kok"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑仔樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hong Kong",
        "Tung Ping Chau"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑仔樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Macau"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Panyu"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Huashan",
        "Huadu"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Conghua"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Zengcheng"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Foshan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Foshan",
        "Shatou",
        "Nanhai"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Foshan",
        "Shunde"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Foshan",
        "Sanshui"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Zhongshan",
        "Shiqi"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xiangzhou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Zhuhai",
        "Qianshan"
      ],
      "word": "蠶蟲樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Shangheng",
        "Tanka"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Zhuhai",
        "Doumen"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Zhuhai",
        "Doumen"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jiangmen",
        "Baisha"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jiangmen",
        "Xinhui"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Kaiping",
        "Chikan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Dongguan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Shenzhen",
        "Shajing",
        "Bao'an"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Qingyuan"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Fogang"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Yingde",
        "Hanguang"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Lianshan",
        "Butian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Lianzhou",
        "Qingshui",
        "Sihui"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Shaoguan"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Shaoguan",
        "Qujiang"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Renhua"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "蠶樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Lechang"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "蠶樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Zhaoqing",
        "Gaoyao"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Sihui"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Guangning"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Deqing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Nanfeng"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Fengkai"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Yunfu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xinxing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Luoding"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Yunan",
        "Pingtai"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yangjiang"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Xinyi"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Lianjiang"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Lianjiang"
      ],
      "word": "蠶桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Nanning"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Wuzhou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Yulin"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "蠶木"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hepu",
        "Lianzhou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "蠶樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Kuala Lumpur"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangfu"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Ho Chi Minh City"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangfu"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Lichuan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Pingxiang"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "word": "桑仔樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Huicheng",
        "Bendihua"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Huizhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Dongguan",
        "Qingxi"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Shenzhen",
        "Shatoujiao"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Lütian",
        "Conghua"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Yudu"
      ],
      "word": "蠶子樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Yudu"
      ],
      "word": "蠶樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "N. Sixian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Miaoli"
      ],
      "word": "桑仔樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "S. Sixian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Pingtung",
        "Neipu"
      ],
      "word": "桑仔樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hsinchu County"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Zhudong",
        "Hailu"
      ],
      "word": "桑仔樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Taichung",
        "Dongshi",
        "Dabu"
      ],
      "word": "桑垂樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hsinchu County"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Qionglin",
        "Raoping"
      ],
      "word": "桑仔樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hsinchu County"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Qionglin",
        "Raoping"
      ],
      "word": "蠶樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Yunlin",
        "Lunbei",
        "Zhao'an"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "word": "桑仔樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Daqiao"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Luchuan"
      ],
      "word": "桑木"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Senai",
        "Huiyang"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Huizhou",
        "Jixi"
      ],
      "word": "桑葉樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Huizhou",
        "Jixi"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Huangshan",
        "Tunxi"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Huizhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Huangshan",
        "Tunxi"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Huizhou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶兒樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pingyao"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Jin"
      ],
      "word": "桑葚樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Xinzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑錢樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Xinzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Hohhot"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Jian'ou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶仔樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶繭樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶繭箬樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Changle"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶囝樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Fuqing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "桑囝樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Yongtai"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "蠶囝樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Gutian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Fu'an"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Ningde"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Shouning"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "桑柴"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Zhouning"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "桑柴"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Fuding"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "桑柴"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Matsu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "蠶囝樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Matsu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "蟲樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "娘仔樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶垂"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶箬"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pinghe"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "蠶仔樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Taipei"
      ],
      "word": "桑材仔"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "New Taipei",
        "Sanxia"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "娘仔樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ],
      "word": "桑材"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Yilan"
      ],
      "word": "娘仔樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Changhua"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Lukang"
      ],
      "word": "桑材樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Taichung"
      ],
      "word": "桑垂樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Tainan"
      ],
      "word": "鹽桑仔叢"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hsinchu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "桑材"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Kinmen"
      ],
      "word": "桑材"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Penghu",
        "Magong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "桑垂"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pingnan",
        "Shangdu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Jieyang"
      ],
      "word": "桑垂樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Bangkok",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Johor Bahru"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Haikou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Puxian Min",
        "Putian"
      ],
      "word": "桑術"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Puxian Min",
        "Putian",
        "Nanri",
        "Xiuyu"
      ],
      "word": "桑術"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Central Min",
        "Yong'an"
      ],
      "word": "蠶仔樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Central Min",
        "Sanming",
        "Sanyuan"
      ],
      "word": "蠶仔樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Longdu",
        "Shaxi",
        "Zhongshan-Min"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Zhongshan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Sanxiang",
        "Zhongshan-Min"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Zhongshan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Sanxiang",
        "Zhongshan-Min"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Zhongshan"
      ],
      "word": "桑子樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Pinghua",
        "Nanning",
        "Tingzi"
      ],
      "word": "桑根"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Pinghua",
        "Nanning",
        "Tingzi"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Northern Pinghua",
        "Dahe"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Guilin"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai",
        "Chongming"
      ],
      "word": "蠶葉樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Suzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Danyang"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Hangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Ningbo"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Wenzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Jinhua"
      ],
      "word": "桑葉樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha"
      ],
      "word": "桑葉樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Loudi"
      ],
      "word": "桑葉樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑葉樹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    }
  ],
  "word": "桑"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "ja",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Japanese",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nan",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Min Nan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "卡桑",
        "tr": "khà-sàng"
      },
      "expansion": "卡桑 (khà-sàng)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "多桑",
        "tr": "tò-sàng"
      },
      "expansion": "多桑 (tò-sàng)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "歐巴桑",
        "tr": "o͘-bá-sáng"
      },
      "expansion": "歐巴桑/欧巴桑 (o͘-bá-sáng)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "歐吉桑",
        "tr": "o͘-jí-sáng"
      },
      "expansion": "歐吉桑/欧吉桑 (o͘-jí-sáng)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Japanese さん (-san). Compare Min Nan 卡桑 (khà-sàng), 多桑 (tò-sàng), 歐巴桑/欧巴桑 (o͘-bá-sáng), and 歐吉桑/欧吉桑 (o͘-jí-sáng).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "槡",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "𣕐",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "桒",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "𠭨",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "𠭌",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "桑",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Mandarin Chinese",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 14 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 11 81",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 21 76",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Eastern Min hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 12 87",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Chinese hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 20 77",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Northern Min hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 12 87",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Chinese hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "-san"
      ],
      "id": "en-桑-zh-character-sAzxp9g3",
      "links": [
        [
          "ACG",
          "ACG"
        ],
        [
          "Internet",
          "Internet"
        ],
        [
          "-san",
          "-san"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Mandarin, ACG, Internet slang) -san"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "-chan",
          "roman": "jiàng",
          "word": "醬"
        },
        {
          "english": "-chan",
          "roman": "jiàng",
          "word": "酱"
        },
        {
          "english": "-tan",
          "roman": "tàn",
          "word": "炭"
        },
        {
          "english": "-kun",
          "roman": "jūn",
          "word": "君"
        },
        {
          "english": "-sama",
          "roman": "yàng",
          "word": "樣"
        },
        {
          "english": "-sama",
          "roman": "yàng",
          "word": "样"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "shēng",
          "word": "生"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Internet",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "ACG",
        "video-games"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng (sang¹)"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄙㄤ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sichuanese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹⁻⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sôn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Guangdong"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "só̤ng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Foochow-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sŏng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "seng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Leizhou",
        "Leizhou",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "suang¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saon"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "san¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄙㄤ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "roman": "san",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "сан"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɑŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sichuanese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Latinxua-Sin-Wenz"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/saŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sōng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔːŋ⁵⁵/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹⁻⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɔŋ³³⁻²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴²/",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sôn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/soŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/son²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Zhudong",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/soŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Zhudong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Guangdong"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɒ̃¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "dated"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Jian'ou",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "só̤ng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Jian'ou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou",
        "Foochow-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sŏng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/souŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian",
        "Hinghwa-Romanized"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "so̤ng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɒŋ⁵³³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sngf"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sofng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "seng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sṳng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɯŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Leizhou",
        "Leizhou",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "suang¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/suaŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Leizhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saon"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "MiniDict"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "saon^平"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɑ̃⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "san¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/san³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Baxter-Sagart"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "/*[s]ˤaŋ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "/*sŋaːŋ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng (sang¹)"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄙㄤ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄙㄤ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "roman": "san",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "сан"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɑŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng (sang¹)"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄙㄤ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sichuanese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹⁻⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sôn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Guangdong"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "só̤ng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Foochow-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sŏng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "seng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Leizhou",
        "Leizhou",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "suang¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saon"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "san¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄙㄤ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "roman": "san",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "сан"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɑŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sichuanese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Latinxua-Sin-Wenz"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/saŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sōng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔːŋ⁵⁵/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹⁻⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɔŋ³³⁻²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴²/",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sôn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/soŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/son²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Zhudong",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/soŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Zhudong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Guangdong"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɒ̃¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "dated"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Jian'ou",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "só̤ng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Jian'ou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou",
        "Foochow-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sŏng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/souŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian",
        "Hinghwa-Romanized"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "so̤ng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɒŋ⁵³³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sngf"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sofng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "seng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sṳng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɯŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Leizhou",
        "Leizhou",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "suang¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/suaŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Leizhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saon"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "MiniDict"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "saon^平"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɑ̃⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "san¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/san³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Baxter-Sagart"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "/*[s]ˤaŋ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "/*sŋaːŋ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "桑"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Jōyō kanji",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese jōyō kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 48 44 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 12 29 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Mulberry family plants",
          "orig": "ja:Mulberry family plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mulberry"
      ],
      "id": "en-桑-ja-character-KvwPa9~6",
      "links": [
        [
          "mulberry",
          "mulberry"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "桑"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "くわ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "jpx-pro",
        "3": "*kupa",
        "sort": "くわ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic *kupa",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "뽕",
        "3": "",
        "4": "mulberry tree"
      },
      "expansion": "Korean 뽕 (ppong, “mulberry tree”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ain",
        "2": "テㇱマニ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "mulberry tree",
        "tr": "tesmani"
      },
      "expansion": "Ainu テㇱマニ (tesmani, “mulberry tree”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "/kupa/ → /kuɸa/ → /kuwa/\nFrom Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE. From Proto-Japonic *kupa.\nUltimate derivation unclear. Definitely not related to Korean 뽕 (ppong, “mulberry tree”) or 오디 (odi, “mulberry fruit”), nor to Ainu テㇱマニ (tesmani, “mulberry tree”) or ツレㇷ゚ニ (turepni, “mulberry tree”).\nSome theories suggest this might have originally been a compound. Possible derivations may include:\n* A shift from 蚕葉 (kopa, “silkworm + leaf”)\n* A shift from 胡葉 (kopa, “non-Chinese people to the west of China + leaf”), possibly referencing the origin of some mulberry species in central Asia\n* A contraction of 食ふ葉 (kupu pa, “eat + leaf”), where kupu is the ancient reading of modern 食う (kuu)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "桑",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "桑",
          "くわ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "桑",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "桑",
          "クワ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuwa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kufa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くは",
      "roman": "kufa",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "クハ",
      "roman": "kufa",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くわ",
        "2": "クワ",
        "hist1": "くは",
        "hist2": "クハ"
      },
      "expansion": "桑(くわ) or 桑(クワ) • (kuwa) ^(←くは (kufa) or クハ (kufa)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 12 29 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Mulberry family plants",
          "orig": "ja:Mulberry family plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mulberry"
      ],
      "id": "en-桑-ja-noun-KvwPa9~6",
      "links": [
        [
          "mulberry",
          "mulberry"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "roman": "sōhakuhi",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "桑白皮",
              "そうはくひ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "桑白皮"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くわ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟β̞a̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
    "Nihon Shoki"
  ],
  "word": "桑"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "桑"
      },
      "expansion": "桑 (MC sang)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 桑 (MC sang).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "桑",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "桑",
          "そう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sō",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sau",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "さう",
      "roman": "sau",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "affix",
        "2": "そう",
        "hhira": "さう"
      },
      "expansion": "桑(そう) • (sō) ^(←さう (sau)?)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "affix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 12 29 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Mulberry family plants",
          "orig": "ja:Mulberry family plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mulberry"
      ],
      "id": "en-桑-ja-affix-KvwPa9~6",
      "links": [
        [
          "mulberry",
          "mulberry"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(“San Francisco (a city in California, United States)”)",
          "word": "桑港"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "American Japanese",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Cities in California, USA",
          "orig": "ja:Cities in California, USA",
          "parents": [
            "Cities",
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Cities in the United States",
          "orig": "ja:Cities in the United States",
          "parents": [
            "Cities",
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Places in California, USA",
          "orig": "ja:Places in California, USA",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Places in the United States",
          "orig": "ja:Places in the United States",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "San Francisco",
          "orig": "ja:San Francisco",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 8 22 2 62 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 5 30 1 60 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 76 8 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese affixes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 89 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 88 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 86 5 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 48 44 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 87 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 88 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 90 3 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 12 29 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Mulberry family plants",
          "orig": "ja:Mulberry family plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short for 桑港 (“San Francisco (a city in California, United States)”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-桑-ja-affix-NndKz1Gi",
      "links": [
        [
          "桑港",
          "桑港#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "San Francisco",
          "San Francisco#English"
        ],
        [
          "city",
          "city"
        ],
        [
          "California",
          "California#English"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(US) short for 桑港 (“San Francisco (a city in California, United States)”)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "US",
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くわ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟β̞a̠]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[so̞ː]"
    },
    {
      "other": "くわ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟β̞a̠]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "桑"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "상"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "桑"
      },
      "expansion": "桑 (MC sang)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "사ᇰ",
        "2": "sàng",
        "link": "no"
      },
      "expansion": "사ᇰ (Yale: sàng)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "사ᇰ",
        "2": "sàng"
      },
      "expansion": "사ᇰ (Yale: sàng)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ᄲᅩᇰ나모",
        "2": "spwòng-nàmwò"
      },
      "expansion": "ᄲᅩᇰ나모 (Yale: spwòng-nàmwò)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "dk": "<i class=\"Kore mention\" lang=\"okm\">사ᇰ</i> (Yale: sàng)",
        "m": "<i class=\"Kore mention\" lang=\"okm\">사ᇰ</i> (Yale: sàng)",
        "mh": "<i class=\"Kore mention\" lang=\"okm\">ᄲᅩᇰ나모</i> (Yale: spwòng-nàmwò)",
        "ml": "樹木#상10A"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "hanja-ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 桑 (MC sang).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "뽕나무 상",
      "roman": "ppongnamu sang",
      "tags": [
        "eumhun"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "뽕나무",
        "2": "상"
      },
      "expansion": "桑 (eumhun 뽕나무 상 (ppongnamu sang))",
      "name": "ko-hanja"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean hanja",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "alt": "弓幹桑",
          "roman": "gunggansang",
          "word": "궁간상"
        },
        {
          "alt": "農桑",
          "roman": "nongsang",
          "word": "농상"
        },
        {
          "alt": "扶桑",
          "roman": "Busang",
          "word": "부상"
        },
        {
          "alt": "山桑",
          "roman": "sansang",
          "word": "산상"
        },
        {
          "alt": "桑果",
          "roman": "sanggwa",
          "word": "상과"
        },
        {
          "alt": "桑根",
          "roman": "sanggeun",
          "word": "상근"
        },
        {
          "alt": "桑年",
          "roman": "sangnyeon",
          "word": "상년"
        },
        {
          "alt": "桑木",
          "roman": "sangmok",
          "word": "상목"
        },
        {
          "alt": "桑門",
          "roman": "sangmun",
          "word": "상문"
        },
        {
          "alt": "桑婦",
          "roman": "sangbu",
          "word": "상부"
        },
        {
          "alt": "桑實",
          "roman": "sangsil",
          "word": "상실"
        },
        {
          "alt": "桑野",
          "roman": "sang'ya",
          "word": "상야"
        },
        {
          "alt": "桑葉",
          "roman": "sang'yeop",
          "word": "상엽"
        },
        {
          "alt": "桑田",
          "roman": "sangjeon",
          "word": "상전"
        },
        {
          "alt": "桑田碧海",
          "roman": "sangjeonbyeokhae",
          "word": "상전벽해"
        },
        {
          "alt": "桑中",
          "roman": "sangjung",
          "word": "상중"
        },
        {
          "alt": "桑天牛",
          "roman": "sangcheonu",
          "word": "상천우"
        },
        {
          "alt": "桑弧",
          "roman": "sangho",
          "word": "상호"
        },
        {
          "alt": "桑戶",
          "roman": "sangho",
          "word": "상호"
        },
        {
          "alt": "桑扈",
          "roman": "sangho",
          "word": "상호"
        },
        {
          "alt": "蠶桑",
          "roman": "jamsang",
          "word": "잠상"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "mulberry tree",
          "word": "상"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hanja form of 상 (“mulberry tree”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-桑-ko-character-ZhKdF~Yf",
      "links": [
        [
          "hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "상",
          "상#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "mulberry",
          "mulberry"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "hanja form of 상 (“mulberry tree”) [affix]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hanja"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[sʰa̠ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "상"
    },
    {
      "other": "[상]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "桑"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tang",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dâu",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "id": "en-桑-vi-character-47DEQpj8",
      "raw_tags": [
        "han"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "桑"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese hanzi",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese proper nouns",
    "Chinese suffixes",
    "Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese",
    "Chinese terms derived from Japanese",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 桑",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Eastern Min hanzi",
    "Eastern Min lemmas",
    "Eastern Min nouns",
    "Eastern Min proper nouns",
    "Middle Chinese hanzi",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Middle Chinese nouns",
    "Middle Chinese proper nouns",
    "Northern Min hanzi",
    "Northern Min lemmas",
    "Northern Min nouns",
    "Northern Min proper nouns",
    "Old Chinese hanzi",
    "Old Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese nouns",
    "Old Chinese proper nouns",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "佛桑"
    },
    {
      "word": "巴達桑"
    },
    {
      "word": "巴达桑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fúsāng",
      "word": "扶桑"
    },
    {
      "word": "扶桑花"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhǐsāngmàhuái",
      "word": "指桑罵槐"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhǐsāngmàhuái",
      "word": "指桑骂槐"
    },
    {
      "word": "指桑說槐"
    },
    {
      "word": "指桑说槐"
    },
    {
      "word": "暮景桑榆"
    },
    {
      "word": "暴桑"
    },
    {
      "word": "東海桑田"
    },
    {
      "word": "东海桑田"
    },
    {
      "word": "柴桑"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑中"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑中之約"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑中之约"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Sānggānhé",
      "word": "桑乾河"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Sānggānhé",
      "word": "桑干河"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑乾盆地"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑干盆地"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Sāngduī",
      "word": "桑堆"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑弧蓬矢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Sāngdésī",
      "word": "桑德斯"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑扈"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sāngná",
      "word": "桑拿"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑新婦"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑新妇"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑柔"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑柘"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Sāngzhū",
      "word": "桑株"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sāngzǐ",
      "word": "桑梓"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑梓之邦"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sāngyú",
      "word": "桑榆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sāngyúwǎnjǐng",
      "word": "桑榆晚景"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑榆暮影"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sāngyúmùjǐng",
      "word": "桑榆暮景"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑榆末景"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑樞"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑枢"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑樞甕牖"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑枢瓮牖"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sāngshù",
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sāngshù",
      "word": "桑树"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sāngchéng",
      "word": "桑橙"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Sāngjiàn",
      "word": "桑澗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Sāngjiàn",
      "word": "桑涧"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑琅琅"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sāngtián",
      "word": "桑田"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sāngbáipí",
      "word": "桑白皮"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑皮紙"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑皮纸"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑科"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Sāngjǐbā'ěr",
      "word": "桑給巴爾"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Sāngjǐbā'ěr",
      "word": "桑给巴尔"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑葚"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑落"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑落酒"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑蓬之志"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑那浴"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑門"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑门"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sāngjiānzhīyīn",
      "word": "桑間之音"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sāngjiānzhīyīn",
      "word": "桑间之音"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sāngjiānpúshàng",
      "word": "桑間濮上"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sāngjiānpúshàng",
      "word": "桑间濮上"
    },
    {
      "word": "桑麻"
    },
    {
      "word": "條桑育"
    },
    {
      "word": "条桑育"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ōujísāng",
      "word": "歐吉桑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ōujísāng",
      "word": "欧吉桑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ōubāsāng",
      "word": "歐巴桑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ōubāsāng",
      "word": "欧巴桑"
    },
    {
      "word": "歷盡滄桑"
    },
    {
      "word": "历尽沧桑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Luòsāng",
      "word": "洛桑"
    },
    {
      "word": "洛桑公約"
    },
    {
      "word": "洛桑公约"
    },
    {
      "word": "洛桑會議"
    },
    {
      "word": "洛桑会议"
    },
    {
      "word": "渤澥桑田"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cāngsāng",
      "word": "滄桑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cāngsāng",
      "word": "沧桑"
    },
    {
      "word": "滄桑之變"
    },
    {
      "word": "沧桑之变"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānghǎisāngtián",
      "word": "滄海桑田"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānghǎisāngtián",
      "word": "沧海桑田"
    },
    {
      "word": "濮上桑間"
    },
    {
      "word": "濮上桑间"
    },
    {
      "word": "甕牖桑樞"
    },
    {
      "word": "瓮牖桑枢"
    },
    {
      "word": "生桑之夢"
    },
    {
      "word": "生桑之梦"
    },
    {
      "word": "田月桑時"
    },
    {
      "word": "田月桑时"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Báisāngguān",
      "word": "白桑關"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Báisāngguān",
      "word": "白桑关"
    },
    {
      "word": "研桑心計"
    },
    {
      "word": "研桑心计"
    },
    {
      "word": "空桑"
    },
    {
      "word": "空桑子"
    },
    {
      "word": "翳桑餓人"
    },
    {
      "word": "翳桑饿人"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bāosāng",
      "word": "苞桑"
    },
    {
      "word": "躬桑"
    },
    {
      "word": "車桑仔"
    },
    {
      "word": "车桑仔"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nóngsāng",
      "word": "農桑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nóngsāng",
      "word": "农桑"
    },
    {
      "word": "鄭衛桑間"
    },
    {
      "word": "郑卫桑间"
    },
    {
      "word": "阿巴桑"
    },
    {
      "word": "陌上桑"
    },
    {
      "word": "隰桑"
    },
    {
      "word": "雞犬桑麻"
    },
    {
      "word": "鸡犬桑麻"
    },
    {
      "word": "黃桑棒"
    },
    {
      "word": "黄桑棒"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "Han pictograms"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "p"
      },
      "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)",
      "name": "liushu"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*叒"
      },
      "expansion": "叒",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Schuessler (2007)"
      },
      "expansion": "Schuessler (2007)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Pictogram (象形) of a mulberry tree. What were the shape of the tree's foliage is now 叒\nUnknown (Schuessler (2007)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "槡",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "𣕐",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "桒",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "𠭨",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "𠭌",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "桑",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "mulberry tree"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mulberry",
          "mulberry"
        ],
        [
          "tree",
          "tree"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese surnames"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a surname"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng (sang¹)"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄙㄤ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sichuanese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹⁻⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sôn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Guangdong"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "só̤ng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Foochow-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sŏng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "seng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Leizhou",
        "Leizhou",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "suang¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saon"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "san¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄙㄤ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "roman": "san",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "сан"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɑŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sichuanese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Latinxua-Sin-Wenz"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/saŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sōng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔːŋ⁵⁵/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹⁻⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɔŋ³³⁻²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴²/",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sôn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/soŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/son²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Zhudong",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/soŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Zhudong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Guangdong"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɒ̃¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "dated"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Jian'ou",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "só̤ng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Jian'ou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou",
        "Foochow-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sŏng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/souŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian",
        "Hinghwa-Romanized"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "so̤ng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɒŋ⁵³³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sngf"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sofng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "seng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sṳng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɯŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Leizhou",
        "Leizhou",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "suang¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/suaŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Leizhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saon"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "MiniDict"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "saon^平"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɑ̃⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "san¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/san³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Baxter-Sagart"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "/*[s]ˤaŋ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "/*sŋaːŋ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "Written-vernacular-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northeastern-Mandarin",
        "Beijing"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northeastern-Mandarin",
        "Taiwan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northeastern-Mandarin",
        "Harbin"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jilu-Mandarin",
        "Jinan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jiaoliao-Mandarin",
        "Yantai",
        "Muping"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Central-Plains-Mandarin",
        "Luoyang"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Central-Plains-Mandarin",
        "Xi'an"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Central-Plains-Mandarin",
        "Xining"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Central-Plains-Mandarin",
        "Xuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶桑"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Central-Plains-Mandarin",
        "Xuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Sokuluk",
        "Gansu Dungan"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Central-Plains-Mandarin"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Masanchin",
        "Shaanxi Dungan"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Central-Plains-Mandarin"
      ],
      "word": "桑杏兒樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Lanyin-Mandarin",
        "Yinchuan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Lanyin-Mandarin",
        "Lanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Lanyin-Mandarin",
        "Ürümqi"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Chengdu"
      ],
      "word": "桑葉樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Chengdu"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Wuhan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Guiyang"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Guilin"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southwestern-Mandarin",
        "Liuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jianghuai-Mandarin",
        "Nanjing"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jianghuai-Mandarin",
        "Yangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Huanggang"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Jianghuai-Mandarin"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hong Kong",
        "Kam Tin",
        "Weitou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hong Kong",
        "Ting Kok"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑仔樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hong Kong",
        "Tung Ping Chau"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑仔樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Macau"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Panyu"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Huashan",
        "Huadu"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Conghua"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Zengcheng"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Foshan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Foshan",
        "Shatou",
        "Nanhai"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Foshan",
        "Shunde"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Foshan",
        "Sanshui"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Zhongshan",
        "Shiqi"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xiangzhou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Zhuhai",
        "Qianshan"
      ],
      "word": "蠶蟲樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Shangheng",
        "Tanka"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Zhuhai",
        "Doumen"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Zhuhai",
        "Doumen"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jiangmen",
        "Baisha"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jiangmen",
        "Xinhui"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Kaiping",
        "Chikan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Dongguan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Shenzhen",
        "Shajing",
        "Bao'an"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Qingyuan"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Fogang"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Yingde",
        "Hanguang"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Lianshan",
        "Butian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Lianzhou",
        "Qingshui",
        "Sihui"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Shaoguan"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Shaoguan",
        "Qujiang"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Renhua"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "蠶樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Lechang"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "蠶樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Zhaoqing",
        "Gaoyao"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Sihui"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Guangning"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Deqing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Nanfeng"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Fengkai"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Yunfu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xinxing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Luoding"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Yunan",
        "Pingtai"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yangjiang"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Xinyi"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Lianjiang"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Lianjiang"
      ],
      "word": "蠶桑"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Nanning"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Wuzhou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Yulin"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "蠶木"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hepu",
        "Lianzhou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "蠶樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Kuala Lumpur"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangfu"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Ho Chi Minh City"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangfu"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Lichuan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Pingxiang"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "word": "桑仔樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Huicheng",
        "Bendihua"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Huizhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Dongguan",
        "Qingxi"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Shenzhen",
        "Shatoujiao"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Lütian",
        "Conghua"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Yudu"
      ],
      "word": "蠶子樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Yudu"
      ],
      "word": "蠶樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "N. Sixian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Miaoli"
      ],
      "word": "桑仔樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "S. Sixian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Pingtung",
        "Neipu"
      ],
      "word": "桑仔樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hsinchu County"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Zhudong",
        "Hailu"
      ],
      "word": "桑仔樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Taichung",
        "Dongshi",
        "Dabu"
      ],
      "word": "桑垂樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hsinchu County"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Qionglin",
        "Raoping"
      ],
      "word": "桑仔樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hsinchu County"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Qionglin",
        "Raoping"
      ],
      "word": "蠶樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Yunlin",
        "Lunbei",
        "Zhao'an"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "word": "桑仔樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Daqiao"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Luchuan"
      ],
      "word": "桑木"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Senai",
        "Huiyang"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Huizhou",
        "Jixi"
      ],
      "word": "桑葉樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Huizhou",
        "Jixi"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Huangshan",
        "Tunxi"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Huizhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Huangshan",
        "Tunxi"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Huizhou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶兒樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pingyao"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Jin"
      ],
      "word": "桑葚樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Xinzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑錢樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Xinzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Hohhot"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Jian'ou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶仔樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶繭樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶繭箬樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Changle"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶囝樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Fuqing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "桑囝樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Yongtai"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "蠶囝樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Gutian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Fu'an"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Ningde"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Shouning"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "桑柴"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Zhouning"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "桑柴"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Fuding"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "桑柴"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Matsu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "蠶囝樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Matsu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong"
      ],
      "word": "蟲樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "娘仔樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶垂"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶箬"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pinghe"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "蠶仔樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Taipei"
      ],
      "word": "桑材仔"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "New Taipei",
        "Sanxia"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "娘仔樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ],
      "word": "桑材"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Yilan"
      ],
      "word": "娘仔樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Changhua"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Lukang"
      ],
      "word": "桑材樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Taichung"
      ],
      "word": "桑垂樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Tainan"
      ],
      "word": "鹽桑仔叢"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hsinchu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "桑材"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Kinmen"
      ],
      "word": "桑材"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Penghu",
        "Magong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "桑垂"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pingnan",
        "Shangdu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Jieyang"
      ],
      "word": "桑垂樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Bangkok",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Johor Bahru"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Haikou"
      ],
      "word": "蠶樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Puxian Min",
        "Putian"
      ],
      "word": "桑術"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Puxian Min",
        "Putian",
        "Nanri",
        "Xiuyu"
      ],
      "word": "桑術"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Central Min",
        "Yong'an"
      ],
      "word": "蠶仔樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Central Min",
        "Sanming",
        "Sanyuan"
      ],
      "word": "蠶仔樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Longdu",
        "Shaxi",
        "Zhongshan-Min"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Zhongshan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Sanxiang",
        "Zhongshan-Min"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Zhongshan"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Sanxiang",
        "Zhongshan-Min"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Zhongshan"
      ],
      "word": "桑子樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Pinghua",
        "Nanning",
        "Tingzi"
      ],
      "word": "桑根"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Pinghua",
        "Nanning",
        "Tingzi"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Northern Pinghua",
        "Dahe"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Guilin"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai",
        "Chongming"
      ],
      "word": "蠶葉樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Suzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Danyang"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Hangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Ningbo"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Wenzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Jinhua"
      ],
      "word": "桑葉樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha"
      ],
      "word": "桑葉樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Loudi"
      ],
      "word": "桑葉樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑葉樹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "桑樹"
    }
  ],
  "word": "桑"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese hanzi",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese proper nouns",
    "Chinese suffixes",
    "Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese",
    "Chinese terms derived from Japanese",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 桑",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Eastern Min hanzi",
    "Eastern Min lemmas",
    "Eastern Min nouns",
    "Eastern Min proper nouns",
    "Middle Chinese hanzi",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Middle Chinese nouns",
    "Middle Chinese proper nouns",
    "Northern Min hanzi",
    "Northern Min lemmas",
    "Northern Min nouns",
    "Northern Min proper nouns",
    "Old Chinese hanzi",
    "Old Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese nouns",
    "Old Chinese proper nouns",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "ja",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Japanese",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nan",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Min Nan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "卡桑",
        "tr": "khà-sàng"
      },
      "expansion": "卡桑 (khà-sàng)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "多桑",
        "tr": "tò-sàng"
      },
      "expansion": "多桑 (tò-sàng)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "歐巴桑",
        "tr": "o͘-bá-sáng"
      },
      "expansion": "歐巴桑/欧巴桑 (o͘-bá-sáng)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "歐吉桑",
        "tr": "o͘-jí-sáng"
      },
      "expansion": "歐吉桑/欧吉桑 (o͘-jí-sáng)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Japanese さん (-san). Compare Min Nan 卡桑 (khà-sàng), 多桑 (tò-sàng), 歐巴桑/欧巴桑 (o͘-bá-sáng), and 歐吉桑/欧吉桑 (o͘-jí-sáng).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "槡",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "𣕐",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "桒",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "𠭨",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "𠭌",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "桑",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "-chan",
      "roman": "jiàng",
      "word": "醬"
    },
    {
      "english": "-chan",
      "roman": "jiàng",
      "word": "酱"
    },
    {
      "english": "-tan",
      "roman": "tàn",
      "word": "炭"
    },
    {
      "english": "-kun",
      "roman": "jūn",
      "word": "君"
    },
    {
      "english": "-sama",
      "roman": "yàng",
      "word": "樣"
    },
    {
      "english": "-sama",
      "roman": "yàng",
      "word": "样"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese fandom slang",
        "Chinese internet slang",
        "Mandarin Chinese"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "-san"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ACG",
          "ACG"
        ],
        [
          "Internet",
          "Internet"
        ],
        [
          "-san",
          "-san"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Mandarin, ACG, Internet slang) -san"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Internet",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "ACG",
        "video-games"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng (sang¹)"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄙㄤ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sichuanese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹⁻⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sôn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Guangdong"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "só̤ng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Foochow-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sŏng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "seng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Leizhou",
        "Leizhou",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "suang¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saon"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "san¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄙㄤ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "roman": "san",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "сан"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɑŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sichuanese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Latinxua-Sin-Wenz"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/saŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sōng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔːŋ⁵⁵/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹⁻⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɔŋ³³⁻²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴²/",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sôn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/soŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/son²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Zhudong",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/soŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Zhudong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Guangdong"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɒ̃¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "dated"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Jian'ou",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "só̤ng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Jian'ou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou",
        "Foochow-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sŏng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/souŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian",
        "Hinghwa-Romanized"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "so̤ng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɒŋ⁵³³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sngf"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sofng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "seng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sṳng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɯŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Leizhou",
        "Leizhou",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "suang¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/suaŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Leizhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saon"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "MiniDict"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "saon^平"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɑ̃⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "san¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/san³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Baxter-Sagart"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "/*[s]ˤaŋ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "/*sŋaːŋ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng (sang¹)"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄙㄤ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄙㄤ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "roman": "san",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "сан"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɑŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng (sang¹)"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄙㄤ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sichuanese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹⁻⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sôn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Guangdong"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "só̤ng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Foochow-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sŏng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "seng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Leizhou",
        "Leizhou",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "suang¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saon"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "san¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄙㄤ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sāng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "roman": "san",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "сан"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɑŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sichuanese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Latinxua-Sin-Wenz"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/saŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sōng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔːŋ⁵⁵/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "lhong¹⁻⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɔŋ³³⁻²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishanese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴²/",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sôn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/soŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/son²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Zhudong",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/soŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hailu",
        "Zhudong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Guangdong"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "son¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɒ̃¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "dated"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Jian'ou",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "só̤ng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Bei",
        "Jian'ou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou",
        "Foochow-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sŏng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/souŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Dong",
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian",
        "Hinghwa-Romanized"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "so̤ng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɒŋ⁵³³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou",
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sorng¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɬɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "song"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sngf"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sofng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sŋ̍⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɔŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "seng¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sṳng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɯŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Teochew",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Leizhou",
        "Leizhou",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "suang¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/suaŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Leizhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saon"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "MiniDict"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "saon^平"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "¹saan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sɑ̃⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "san¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/san³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "sang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Baxter-Sagart"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "/*[s]ˤaŋ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "/*sŋaːŋ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "shēng",
      "word": "生"
    }
  ],
  "word": "桑"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese affixes",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese jōyō kanji",
    "Japanese kanji",
    "Japanese kanji with goon reading そう",
    "Japanese kanji with historical goon reading さう",
    "Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading さう",
    "Japanese kanji with historical kun reading くは",
    "Japanese kanji with kan'on reading そう",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading くわ",
    "Japanese kanji with nanori reading こ",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese single-kanji terms",
    "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 桑",
    "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "ja:Mulberry family plants"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Jōyō kanji",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "mulberry"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mulberry",
          "mulberry"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "kanji"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "桑"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese affixes",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese single-kanji terms",
    "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 桑",
    "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "ja:Mulberry family plants"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "くわ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "jpx-pro",
        "3": "*kupa",
        "sort": "くわ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic *kupa",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "뽕",
        "3": "",
        "4": "mulberry tree"
      },
      "expansion": "Korean 뽕 (ppong, “mulberry tree”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ain",
        "2": "テㇱマニ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "mulberry tree",
        "tr": "tesmani"
      },
      "expansion": "Ainu テㇱマニ (tesmani, “mulberry tree”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "/kupa/ → /kuɸa/ → /kuwa/\nFrom Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE. From Proto-Japonic *kupa.\nUltimate derivation unclear. Definitely not related to Korean 뽕 (ppong, “mulberry tree”) or 오디 (odi, “mulberry fruit”), nor to Ainu テㇱマニ (tesmani, “mulberry tree”) or ツレㇷ゚ニ (turepni, “mulberry tree”).\nSome theories suggest this might have originally been a compound. Possible derivations may include:\n* A shift from 蚕葉 (kopa, “silkworm + leaf”)\n* A shift from 胡葉 (kopa, “non-Chinese people to the west of China + leaf”), possibly referencing the origin of some mulberry species in central Asia\n* A contraction of 食ふ葉 (kupu pa, “eat + leaf”), where kupu is the ancient reading of modern 食う (kuu)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "桑",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "桑",
          "くわ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "桑",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "桑",
          "クワ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuwa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kufa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くは",
      "roman": "kufa",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "クハ",
      "roman": "kufa",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くわ",
        "2": "クワ",
        "hist1": "くは",
        "hist2": "クハ"
      },
      "expansion": "桑(くわ) or 桑(クワ) • (kuwa) ^(←くは (kufa) or クハ (kufa)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "sōhakuhi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "桑白皮",
          "そうはくひ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "桑白皮"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "mulberry"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mulberry",
          "mulberry"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くわ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟β̞a̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
    "Nihon Shoki"
  ],
  "word": "桑"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese affixes",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese single-kanji terms",
    "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 桑",
    "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "ja:Mulberry family plants"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "桑"
      },
      "expansion": "桑 (MC sang)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 桑 (MC sang).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "桑",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "桑",
          "そう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sō",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sau",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "さう",
      "roman": "sau",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "affix",
        "2": "そう",
        "hhira": "さう"
      },
      "expansion": "桑(そう) • (sō) ^(←さう (sau)?)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "affix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "mulberry"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mulberry",
          "mulberry"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(“San Francisco (a city in California, United States)”)",
          "word": "桑港"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "American Japanese",
        "Japanese short forms",
        "ja:Cities in California, USA",
        "ja:Cities in the United States",
        "ja:Places in California, USA",
        "ja:Places in the United States",
        "ja:San Francisco"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short for 桑港 (“San Francisco (a city in California, United States)”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "桑港",
          "桑港#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "San Francisco",
          "San Francisco#English"
        ],
        [
          "city",
          "city"
        ],
        [
          "California",
          "California#English"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(US) short for 桑港 (“San Francisco (a city in California, United States)”)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "US",
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くわ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟β̞a̠]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[so̞ː]"
    },
    {
      "other": "くわ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟β̞a̠]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "桑"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "alt": "弓幹桑",
      "roman": "gunggansang",
      "word": "궁간상"
    },
    {
      "alt": "農桑",
      "roman": "nongsang",
      "word": "농상"
    },
    {
      "alt": "扶桑",
      "roman": "Busang",
      "word": "부상"
    },
    {
      "alt": "山桑",
      "roman": "sansang",
      "word": "산상"
    },
    {
      "alt": "桑果",
      "roman": "sanggwa",
      "word": "상과"
    },
    {
      "alt": "桑根",
      "roman": "sanggeun",
      "word": "상근"
    },
    {
      "alt": "桑年",
      "roman": "sangnyeon",
      "word": "상년"
    },
    {
      "alt": "桑木",
      "roman": "sangmok",
      "word": "상목"
    },
    {
      "alt": "桑門",
      "roman": "sangmun",
      "word": "상문"
    },
    {
      "alt": "桑婦",
      "roman": "sangbu",
      "word": "상부"
    },
    {
      "alt": "桑實",
      "roman": "sangsil",
      "word": "상실"
    },
    {
      "alt": "桑野",
      "roman": "sang'ya",
      "word": "상야"
    },
    {
      "alt": "桑葉",
      "roman": "sang'yeop",
      "word": "상엽"
    },
    {
      "alt": "桑田",
      "roman": "sangjeon",
      "word": "상전"
    },
    {
      "alt": "桑田碧海",
      "roman": "sangjeonbyeokhae",
      "word": "상전벽해"
    },
    {
      "alt": "桑中",
      "roman": "sangjung",
      "word": "상중"
    },
    {
      "alt": "桑天牛",
      "roman": "sangcheonu",
      "word": "상천우"
    },
    {
      "alt": "桑弧",
      "roman": "sangho",
      "word": "상호"
    },
    {
      "alt": "桑戶",
      "roman": "sangho",
      "word": "상호"
    },
    {
      "alt": "桑扈",
      "roman": "sangho",
      "word": "상호"
    },
    {
      "alt": "蠶桑",
      "roman": "jamsang",
      "word": "잠상"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "상"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "桑"
      },
      "expansion": "桑 (MC sang)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "사ᇰ",
        "2": "sàng",
        "link": "no"
      },
      "expansion": "사ᇰ (Yale: sàng)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "사ᇰ",
        "2": "sàng"
      },
      "expansion": "사ᇰ (Yale: sàng)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ᄲᅩᇰ나모",
        "2": "spwòng-nàmwò"
      },
      "expansion": "ᄲᅩᇰ나모 (Yale: spwòng-nàmwò)",
      "name": "okm-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "dk": "<i class=\"Kore mention\" lang=\"okm\">사ᇰ</i> (Yale: sàng)",
        "m": "<i class=\"Kore mention\" lang=\"okm\">사ᇰ</i> (Yale: sàng)",
        "mh": "<i class=\"Kore mention\" lang=\"okm\">ᄲᅩᇰ나모</i> (Yale: spwòng-nàmwò)",
        "ml": "樹木#상10A"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "hanja-ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 桑 (MC sang).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "뽕나무 상",
      "roman": "ppongnamu sang",
      "tags": [
        "eumhun"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "뽕나무",
        "2": "상"
      },
      "expansion": "桑 (eumhun 뽕나무 상 (ppongnamu sang))",
      "name": "ko-hanja"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean hanja",
        "Korean hanja forms",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Pages with 5 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "mulberry tree",
          "word": "상"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hanja form of 상 (“mulberry tree”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "상",
          "상#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "mulberry",
          "mulberry"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "hanja form of 상 (“mulberry tree”) [affix]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hanja"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[sʰa̠ŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "hangeul": "상"
    },
    {
      "other": "[상]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "桑"
}

{
  "lang": "Translingual",
  "lang_code": "mul",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Han script characters",
        "Pages with 5 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
        "Translingual lemmas",
        "Translingual symbols",
        "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "桑 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 水水水木 (EEED), four-corner 1790₄, composition ⿱叒木)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Kangxi radical",
          "Kangxi radical"
        ],
        [
          "叒",
          "叒#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "木",
          "木#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "han"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "桑"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tang",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dâu",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese Han characters",
        "Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings",
        "Vietnamese lemmas"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "han"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "桑"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 桑 meaning in All languages combined (53.4kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "桑"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "桑",
  "trace": "started on line 99, detected on line 116"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "桑"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "桑",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "桑"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "桑",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "桑"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "桑",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "桑"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "affix",
  "title": "桑",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "桑"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "affix",
  "title": "桑",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (0c45963 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.