See 文書 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 文書 meaning in All languages combined (15.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wénshū gōngzuò",
"word": "文書工作"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wénshū gōngzuò",
"word": "文书工作"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wénmì",
"word": "文秘"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "文書",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "幹事"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "干事"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shūjì",
"word": "書記"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shūjì",
"word": "书记"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "mìshū",
"word": "秘書"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "mìshū",
"word": "秘书"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "diplomatic correspondence",
"roman": "wàijiāo wénshū",
"text": "外交文書／外交文书",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"official document; official correspondence; official dispatch"
],
"id": "en-文書-zh-noun-HMJYgKrh",
"links": [
[
"official",
"official"
],
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"correspondence",
"correspondence"
],
[
"dispatch",
"dispatch"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "85 3 10 3",
"roman": "gōngwén",
"sense": "official document",
"word": "公文"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"secretary"
],
"id": "en-文書-zh-noun-qBSFMsr2",
"links": [
[
"secretary",
"secretary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) secretary"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 7 73 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"written language; writing; script"
],
"id": "en-文書-zh-noun-xx1Zh0Gc",
"links": [
[
"written",
"written"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"writing",
"writing"
],
[
"script",
"script"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) written language; writing; script"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"books; works"
],
"id": "en-文書-zh-noun-AkmBse1r",
"links": [
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) books; works"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wénshū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄨㄣˊ ㄕㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴ syu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "vùn-sû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "bûn-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "bûn-sir"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "bûn-si"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "bhung⁵ ze¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "wénshū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄨㄣˊ ㄕㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "wúnshu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "wên²-shu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "wén-shū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "wenshu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "вэньшу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "vɛnʹšu"
},
{
"ipa": "/wən³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "màhn syū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴ sy¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "men⁴ xu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹ syː⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "vùn-sû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "vunˇ su´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "vun² su¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/vun¹¹ su²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "bûn-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "bunsw"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²³⁻³³ su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "bûn-sir"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²⁴⁻²² sɯ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "bûn-si"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "bunsy"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²⁴⁻³³ si⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Yilan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bun¹³⁻²² si⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "bûng tsṳ"
},
{
"ipa": "/buŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sɯ³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "mjun syo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mə[n] s-ta/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mɯn hlja/"
},
{
"other": "/ bûn-sir /"
},
{
"ipa": "/wən³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹ syː⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/vun¹¹ su²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²³⁻³³ su⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²⁴⁻²² sɯ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²⁴⁻³³ si⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun¹³⁻²² si⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/buŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sɯ³³/"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*mɯn hlja/"
}
],
"word": "文書"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "ふんしょ'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "文書",
"tr": "*miən *shiu"
},
"expansion": "文書 (*miən *shiu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "文書",
"tr": "wénshū"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 文書／文书 (wénshū)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese compound 文書 (*miən *shiu). Compare modern Chinese 文書／文书 (wénshū).\nThe kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. Now the most common reading for this term.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "文書",
"ruby": [
[
"文",
"ぶん"
],
[
"書",
"しょ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "bunsho",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ぶんしょ"
},
"expansion": "文(ぶん)書(しょ) • (bunsho)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 9 21 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Please contact us in writing.",
"roman": "Bunsho de otoiawase kudasai.",
"ruby": [
[
"文書",
"ぶんしょ"
],
[
"問",
"と"
],
[
"合",
"あ"
]
],
"text": "文書でお問い合わせください。"
},
{
"english": "She wrote down the whole story. / She got the whole story down on paper.",
"roman": "Monogatari o marugoto bunsho ni kakitometa.",
"ruby": [
[
"物語",
"ものがたり"
],
[
"丸",
"まる"
],
[
"文書",
"ぶんしょ"
],
[
"書",
"か"
],
[
"留",
"と"
]
],
"text": "物語を丸ごと文書に書き留めた。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a document, a written record"
],
"id": "en-文書-ja-noun-fD8yIFWJ",
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"record",
"record"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They frequently exchanged letters.",
"roman": "Bunsho o hinpan ni kawashite ita.",
"ruby": [
[
"文書",
"ぶんしょ"
],
[
"頻繁",
"ひんぱん"
],
[
"交",
"か"
]
],
"text": "文書を頻繁に交わしていた。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a letter, an epistle"
],
"id": "en-文書-ja-noun-ggWi98aB",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"epistle",
"epistle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"sense": "epistle",
"tags": [
"letter"
],
"word": "手紙"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ぶんしょ"
},
{
"ipa": "[bɯ̟̃ᵝɰ̃ɕo̞]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"topics": [
"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "文章"
}
],
"word": "文書"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "an ancient document",
"roman": "komonjo",
"ruby": [
[
"古文書",
"こもんじょ"
]
],
"word": "古文書"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "ふんしょ'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "文書",
"tr": "*miən *shiu"
},
"expansion": "文書 (*miən *shiu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "書"
},
"expansion": "書",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "書",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "書",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "書"
},
"expansion": "書",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sho",
"2": "jo",
"sort": "もんじょ"
},
"expansion": "The sho changes to jo as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"name": "rendaku2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "文書",
"tr": "wénshū"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 文書／文书 (wénshū)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese compound 文書 (*miən *shiu), with rendaku for the 書 character. The sho changes to jo as an instance of rendaku (連濁). Compare modern Chinese 文書／文书 (wénshū).\nThe goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing. Less common reading in modern Japanese.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "文書",
"ruby": [
[
"文",
"もん"
],
[
"書",
"じょ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "monjo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "もんじょ"
},
"expansion": "文(もん)書(じょ) • (monjo)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a document"
],
"id": "en-文書-ja-noun-DR2lE4wD",
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a written text between two parties"
],
"id": "en-文書-ja-noun-pzp2egDK",
"raw_glosses": [
"(in palaeography) a written text between two parties"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in palaeography"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "もんじょ"
},
{
"ipa": "[mõ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑo̞]"
}
],
"word": "文書"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Archaic alteration of monjo above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "文書",
"ruby": [
[
"文",
"もん"
],
[
"書",
"ぞ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "monzo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "もんぞ"
},
"expansion": "文(もん)書(ぞ) • (monzo)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a document"
],
"id": "en-文書-ja-noun-DR2lE4wD1",
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) a document"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(in palaeography) a written text between two parties"
],
"id": "en-文書-ja-noun-z-BhJshX",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) (in palaeography) a written text between two parties"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mõ̞nd͡zo̞]"
}
],
"word": "文書"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連用形",
"3": "",
"4": "stem or continuative form",
"tr": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "書く"
},
"expansion": "書く",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "書く",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "書く",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "書く"
},
"expansion": "書く",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "文",
"3": "書",
"pos2": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 書く kaku, “to write”",
"sort": "ふみがき",
"t1": "writing; a letter, an epistle",
"t2": "writing",
"tr1": "fumi",
"tr2": "kaki"
},
"expansion": "文 (fumi, “writing; a letter, an epistle”) + 書 (kaki, “writing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 書く kaku, “to write”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaki",
"2": "gaki",
"sort": "ふみがき"
},
"expansion": "The kaki changes to gaki as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"name": "rendaku2"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 文 (fumi, “writing; a letter, an epistle”) + 書 (kaki, “writing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 書く kaku, “to write”). The kaki changes to gaki as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "文書",
"ruby": [
[
"文",
"ふみ"
],
[
"書",
"がき"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "fumigaki",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ふみがき"
},
"expansion": "文(ふみ)書(がき) • (fumigaki)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the act of writing of a letter or correspondence"
],
"id": "en-文書-ja-noun-K-ozP92D",
"links": [
[
"writing",
"writing"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"correspondence",
"correspondence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) the act of writing of a letter or correspondence"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 8 2 18 15 11 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 7 3 23 13 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 5 10 6 13 14 11 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 7 3 23 14 15 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 5 12 4 15 12 10 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with rendaku",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The writing is old-fashioned, but...",
"ref": "(text here)",
"roman": "Kodai naru ōmu-fumigaki naredo",
"text": "古代なる御文書きなれど\nこだいなるおおむふみがきなれど"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the writing in a letter or correspondence, especially the style or appearance"
],
"id": "en-文書-ja-noun-SCHgZy3e",
"links": [
[
"writing",
"writing"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"correspondence",
"correspondence"
],
[
"style",
"style"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) the writing in a letter or correspondence, especially the style or appearance"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɸɯ̟ᵝmʲiɡa̠kʲi]"
}
],
"word": "文書"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "wénshū gōngzuò",
"word": "文書工作"
},
{
"roman": "wénshū gōngzuò",
"word": "文书工作"
},
{
"roman": "wénmì",
"word": "文秘"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "文書",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "幹事"
},
{
"word": "干事"
},
{
"roman": "shūjì",
"word": "書記"
},
{
"roman": "shūjì",
"word": "书记"
},
{
"roman": "mìshū",
"word": "秘書"
},
{
"roman": "mìshū",
"word": "秘书"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "diplomatic correspondence",
"roman": "wàijiāo wénshū",
"text": "外交文書／外交文书",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"official document; official correspondence; official dispatch"
],
"links": [
[
"official",
"official"
],
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"correspondence",
"correspondence"
],
[
"dispatch",
"dispatch"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"secretary"
],
"links": [
[
"secretary",
"secretary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) secretary"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"written language; writing; script"
],
"links": [
[
"written",
"written"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"writing",
"writing"
],
[
"script",
"script"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) written language; writing; script"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"books; works"
],
"links": [
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) books; works"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wénshū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄨㄣˊ ㄕㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴ syu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "vùn-sû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "bûn-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "bûn-sir"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "bûn-si"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "bhung⁵ ze¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "wénshū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄨㄣˊ ㄕㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "wúnshu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "wên²-shu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "wén-shū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "wenshu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "вэньшу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "vɛnʹšu"
},
{
"ipa": "/wən³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "màhn syū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "man⁴ sy¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "men⁴ xu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹ syː⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "vùn-sû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "vunˇ su´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "vun² su¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/vun¹¹ su²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "bûn-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "bunsw"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²³⁻³³ su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "bûn-sir"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²⁴⁻²² sɯ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "bûn-si"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "bunsy"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²⁴⁻³³ si⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Yilan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bun¹³⁻²² si⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "bûng tsṳ"
},
{
"ipa": "/buŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sɯ³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "mjun syo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mə[n] s-ta/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mɯn hlja/"
},
{
"other": "/ bûn-sir /"
},
{
"ipa": "/wən³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹ syː⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/vun¹¹ su²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²³⁻³³ su⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²⁴⁻²² sɯ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun²⁴⁻³³ si⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun¹³⁻²² si⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/buŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sɯ³³/"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*mɯn hlja/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "gōngwén",
"sense": "official document",
"word": "公文"
}
],
"word": "文書"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Middle Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "ふんしょ'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "文書",
"tr": "*miən *shiu"
},
"expansion": "文書 (*miən *shiu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "文書",
"tr": "wénshū"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 文書／文书 (wénshū)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese compound 文書 (*miən *shiu). Compare modern Chinese 文書／文书 (wénshū).\nThe kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. Now the most common reading for this term.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "文書",
"ruby": [
[
"文",
"ぶん"
],
[
"書",
"しょ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "bunsho",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ぶんしょ"
},
"expansion": "文(ぶん)書(しょ) • (bunsho)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Please contact us in writing.",
"roman": "Bunsho de otoiawase kudasai.",
"ruby": [
[
"文書",
"ぶんしょ"
],
[
"問",
"と"
],
[
"合",
"あ"
]
],
"text": "文書でお問い合わせください。"
},
{
"english": "She wrote down the whole story. / She got the whole story down on paper.",
"roman": "Monogatari o marugoto bunsho ni kakitometa.",
"ruby": [
[
"物語",
"ものがたり"
],
[
"丸",
"まる"
],
[
"文書",
"ぶんしょ"
],
[
"書",
"か"
],
[
"留",
"と"
]
],
"text": "物語を丸ごと文書に書き留めた。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a document, a written record"
],
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"record",
"record"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They frequently exchanged letters.",
"roman": "Bunsho o hinpan ni kawashite ita.",
"ruby": [
[
"文書",
"ぶんしょ"
],
[
"頻繁",
"ひんぱん"
],
[
"交",
"か"
]
],
"text": "文書を頻繁に交わしていた。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a letter, an epistle"
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"epistle",
"epistle"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ぶんしょ"
},
{
"ipa": "[bɯ̟̃ᵝɰ̃ɕo̞]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"topics": [
"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "文章"
},
{
"sense": "epistle",
"tags": [
"letter"
],
"word": "手紙"
}
],
"word": "文書"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Middle Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "an ancient document",
"roman": "komonjo",
"ruby": [
[
"古文書",
"こもんじょ"
]
],
"word": "古文書"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "ふんしょ'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "文書",
"tr": "*miən *shiu"
},
"expansion": "文書 (*miən *shiu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "書"
},
"expansion": "書",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "書",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "書",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "書"
},
"expansion": "書",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sho",
"2": "jo",
"sort": "もんじょ"
},
"expansion": "The sho changes to jo as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"name": "rendaku2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "文書",
"tr": "wénshū"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 文書／文书 (wénshū)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese compound 文書 (*miən *shiu), with rendaku for the 書 character. The sho changes to jo as an instance of rendaku (連濁). Compare modern Chinese 文書／文书 (wénshū).\nThe goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing. Less common reading in modern Japanese.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "文書",
"ruby": [
[
"文",
"もん"
],
[
"書",
"じょ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "monjo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "もんじょ"
},
"expansion": "文(もん)書(じょ) • (monjo)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a document"
],
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a written text between two parties"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in palaeography) a written text between two parties"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in palaeography"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "もんじょ"
},
{
"ipa": "[mõ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑo̞]"
}
],
"word": "文書"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Archaic alteration of monjo above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "文書",
"ruby": [
[
"文",
"もん"
],
[
"書",
"ぞ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "monzo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "もんぞ"
},
"expansion": "文(もん)書(ぞ) • (monzo)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"a document"
],
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) a document"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"(in palaeography) a written text between two parties"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) (in palaeography) a written text between two parties"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mõ̞nd͡zo̞]"
}
],
"word": "文書"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連用形",
"3": "",
"4": "stem or continuative form",
"tr": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "書く"
},
"expansion": "書く",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "書く",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "書く",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "書く"
},
"expansion": "書く",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "文",
"3": "書",
"pos2": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 書く kaku, “to write”",
"sort": "ふみがき",
"t1": "writing; a letter, an epistle",
"t2": "writing",
"tr1": "fumi",
"tr2": "kaki"
},
"expansion": "文 (fumi, “writing; a letter, an epistle”) + 書 (kaki, “writing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 書く kaku, “to write”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaki",
"2": "gaki",
"sort": "ふみがき"
},
"expansion": "The kaki changes to gaki as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"name": "rendaku2"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 文 (fumi, “writing; a letter, an epistle”) + 書 (kaki, “writing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 書く kaku, “to write”). The kaki changes to gaki as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "文書",
"ruby": [
[
"文",
"ふみ"
],
[
"書",
"がき"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "fumigaki",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ふみがき"
},
"expansion": "文(ふみ)書(がき) • (fumigaki)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"the act of writing of a letter or correspondence"
],
"links": [
[
"writing",
"writing"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"correspondence",
"correspondence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) the act of writing of a letter or correspondence"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The writing is old-fashioned, but...",
"ref": "(text here)",
"roman": "Kodai naru ōmu-fumigaki naredo",
"text": "古代なる御文書きなれど\nこだいなるおおむふみがきなれど"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the writing in a letter or correspondence, especially the style or appearance"
],
"links": [
[
"writing",
"writing"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"correspondence",
"correspondence"
],
[
"style",
"style"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) the writing in a letter or correspondence, especially the style or appearance"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɸɯ̟ᵝmʲiɡa̠kʲi]"
}
],
"word": "文書"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
"path": [
"文書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "文書",
"trace": "started on line 23, detected on line 23"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
"path": [
"文書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "文書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"文書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "文書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"文書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "文書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"文書"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "文書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"文書"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "文書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"文書"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "文書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"文書"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "文書",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.